吲哚菁绿在机器人小肝癌靶域切除中的应用

目的总结吲哚菁绿在机器人小肝癌(≤5 cm)靶域切除术中实时定位肿瘤和判断残余肝脏功能的方法。 方法回顾性分析2021年5月至2022年3月期间,行机器人小肝癌(≤5 cm)靶域切除患者的围手术期资料。术前48 h,经患者肘正中静脉注射吲哚菁绿,剂量0.25 mg/kg。机器人荧光模式下经吲哚菁绿荧光显影实时定位肿瘤边界,肿瘤切除完毕后,经外周静脉再次注射吲哚菁绿判断残余肝脏血供。 结果12例患者中,男10例、女2例,平均年龄56.3岁。肿瘤直径(3.3±1.09) cm,中位手术时间75 min,中位出血量50 ml,术后平均住院时间4.9 d。术中肿瘤全部呈绿色显影,荧光显影与肿瘤分化程度无关,肿瘤内部出血和坏死部分不显影。手术切缘缺血部分肝脏组织于解除肝门阻断后5 min开始出现吲哚菁绿荧光显影,所有患者术后未发生残余肝脏的缺血和坏死。 结论吲哚菁绿荧光显影可实时引导机器人小肝癌靶域切除并能实时判断残余肝脏血供。     

机器人辅助腹腔镜手术治疗深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症

目的探讨机器人辅助腹腔镜治疗深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症的安全性及可行性。方法回顾性分析2015年3月～2019年1月行达芬奇机器人辅助腹腔镜手术治疗深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症9例的临床资料,其中输尿管浸润型1例,膀胱浸润型2例,直肠浸润型6例。结果 9例均顺利完成机器人辅助腹腔镜手术,1例行输尿管狭窄段切除+端端吻合+双J管置入,术后12周拔除双J管;2例行部分膀胱切除+膀胱修补;2例行部分直肠切除+端端吻合;4例行部分直肠前壁切除+直肠修补。围手术期均无严重并发症。术后辅助3～6次亮丙瑞林3.6 mg皮下注射。术后随访10～14个月,9例临床症状均消失,无复发。结论机器人辅助腹腔镜手术治疗深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症安全可行。     

吲哚菁绿荧光显影技术辅助腹腔镜下结直肠癌肝转移切除的应用价值

目的探讨吲哚菁绿荧光显影技术辅助腹腔镜下结直肠癌肝转移切除的应用价值。方法采用回顾性分析湖南省人民医院肝胆微创外科和结直肠外科2018年7月至2019年12月实施的9例吲哚菁绿荧光显影技术辅助腹腔镜下结直肠癌肝转移切除的临床资料。结果 9例病人均在吲哚菁绿荧光显影技术辅助腹腔镜下完成手术,无中转开腹病人。平均手术时间为285 min(225~350 min);术中平均失血量为163 ml(50~320 ml),术中输血1例;手术后住院8~18 d,平均12 d;术后所有病人均未发生严重并发症。随访5~22个月,中位随访时间13个月,其中1例病人术后肝转移瘤再发并再次予以手术切除。结论吲哚菁绿荧光显影技术辅助腹腔镜下结直肠癌肝转移瘤切除是安全和可行,近期疗效尚可,但尚需更多病例和更长随访时间进一步论证。     

吲哚菁绿荧光实时导航达芬奇Xi机器人肝切除术初步探讨

目的总结达芬奇Xi机器人联合吲哚菁绿荧光定位肝脏肿瘤实现精准肝切除的经验。 方法回顾分析2021年1～5月期间20例吲哚菁绿荧光定位联合达芬奇Xi机器人肝肿瘤切除术患者的临床资料。 结果20例均在达芬奇Xi机器人下完成肝肿瘤切除,无中转开腹,手术时间85 min(70～105 min),术中出血量110 ml(50～200 ml ),术后住院时间7 d(5～9 d)。术后患者肝功能恢复良好,均未出现出血、胆漏等并发症。术后病理结果：肝细胞肝癌10例、肝细胞异型增生和胆管异形增生1例、胆管细胞癌6例、肝硬化伴肝脏炎性改变1例、腺癌(胃肠道转移)2例。20例均为R0切除,愈合良好出院。 结论在熟练完成腹腔镜肝肿瘤切除术的基础上,开展吲哚菁绿荧光定位联合达芬奇Xi机器人手术系统精准肝切除是安全、可行的,具有较高的临床价值及推广意义。     

荧光引导肾动脉分支阻断的机器人腹腔镜肾部分切除术

肾部分切除术是治疗早期肾癌的推荐术式,肾动脉分支阻断能够有效地减少肾脏缺血范围,降低肾脏缺血再灌注损伤,改善肾部分切除术后患者肾功能。达芬奇机器人手术系统中能够应用吲哚菁绿荧光在近红外视野下直观显示肾脏血流灌注情况,判断肾动脉分支阻断效果,实时指导肿瘤切除和创面重建。本文详细介绍该技术的关键步骤及操作体会。     

深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症的综合治疗:17例临床经验

目的探讨深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症(deep infiltrating endometriosis,DIE)的手术经验以及术后管理。方法回顾性分析2016年7月～2018年6月17例DIE资料,均经腹腔镜手术切除DIE病灶,术后按照中华医学会指南管理。结果 17例中,输尿管被DIE浸润组织包裹6例,无输尿管壁浸润; DIE累及骶韧带11例;累及直肠壁7例,其中5例行肠壁病灶剔除术,1例行浸润肠壁部分切除术,1例行部分直肠切除;累及乙状结肠壁1例;累及阴道壁3例;累及膀胱壁1例。均顺利完成DIE病灶切除,2例40岁以上、无生育要求者行全子宫切除。11例合并卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿者行囊肿剥除术。总手术时间50～295 min,(113. 7±67. 0) min,无并发症发生。术后病理均证实为子宫内膜异位症。术后中位随访时间6个月(2～25个月),主诉症状均缓解,未发现复发。结论 DIE初次手术需尽量将病灶切尽,术后需规范的管理预防复发。     

吲哚菁绿在机器人肝脏FNH切除术中的应用

目的总结应用吲哚菁绿(indocyanine green,ICG)在机器人肝脏局灶性结节性增生(focal nodular hyperplasia,FNH)切除术中荧光显影定位导航的方法。方法回顾性分析解放军总医院肝胆胰外科医学部2018年5月至2020年10月行ICG荧光显影术中导航机器人肝脏FNH切除患者的临床病理资料。根据肿瘤大小将患者分为肿瘤<5 cm组和肿瘤≥5 cm组。术前48 h,患者经肘正中静脉注射ICG,剂量0.25 mg/kg。术中在机器人荧光模式下实时定位肿瘤边界并联合应用术中超声完成FNH切除术。结果36例患者中,男17例、女19例,平均年龄28.7岁。35例完成机器人肿瘤切除术、1例中转开腹。肿瘤平均直径(5.9±4.4)cm,13例患者肿瘤<5 cm、23例患者肿瘤≥5 cm。机器人手术患者的中位手术时间120 min,中位术中出血量50 ml,术后平均住院时间3.9 d。两组的手术时间、术中出血量和术后平均住院时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论ICG荧光显影术中可实时显示肝脏FNH肿瘤边界,引导外科医师机器人下完整切除肿瘤。     

吲哚菁绿荧光实时成像技术在机器人肝切除中的初步应用(附二例报告)

目的探讨吲哚菁绿荧光实时成像技术在机器人辅助腹腔镜肝切除中应用的可行性。方法回顾性分析华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院2017年8月使用吲哚菁绿荧光实时成像技术行机器人肝切除的2例病人的临床资料。病例1原发性肝癌拟行机器人辅助腹腔镜肝8段切除,术前超声引导下经皮肝穿刺肝8段门静脉分支,注射吲哚菁绿染色剂;术中利用PINPOINT荧光显象系统确定切除边界并引导离断肝实质。病例2肝右叶海绵状血管瘤,术中经门静脉注入吲哚菁绿染色剂,对血管瘤进行负染,确定血管瘤边界,引导离断肝脏实质。结果病例1肝脏8段包膜及肝实质在PINPOINT系统中均呈现绿色荧光,与周围肝组织界限清晰,离断肝实质过程中可根据荧光指引肝切除平面,完整切除肝脏8段。病例2肝血管瘤无荧光染料滞留,与周围呈绿色荧光的肝组织界限清晰,在荧光指引下准确找到血管瘤包膜,并完整剜除。上述病人术中无大出血,术后恢复顺利,无并发症发生。结论吲哚菁绿荧光实时成像系统应用于机器人辅助腹腔镜肝切除手术是安全有效的。     

膀胱子宫内膜异位症病例分析

膀胱子宫内膜异位症是深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症的一种常见类型,其可浸润膀胱逼尿肌的部分或全层,典型症状为膀胱刺激症状,但也可能无明显症状,而是在以不孕等其他指征手术时偶然发现。提高术中识别和切除膀胱子宫内膜异位症病灶的能力有助于改善生育结局,而术前的系统性影像学评估有助于提高术前诊断率。     

输尿管及膀胱深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症的手术治疗效果

目的报告泌尿道子宫内膜异位症的手术治疗效果以及探讨保守型手术和根治性手术的选择。方法对5个手术科室参与的输尿管或膀胱深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症外科治疗的CIRENDO前瞻性数据库管理数据进行回顾性研究。对术前、术中和术后数据结果进行分析。结果数据库中的数据显示,30例中有15例为输尿管子宫内膜异位症,14例为膀胱结节病变(bladder nodules),1例同时存在这2种类型的病变。输尿管松解术14例,其中输尿管完全恢复解剖解构10例。4例40岁以上的患者术后出现闭经和可忍受的中度输尿管狭窄,其中3例好转,1例行二次输尿管切除和输尿管膀胱吻合术。4例初次手术行输尿管切除术。5例输尿管标本中发现2例输尿管子宫内膜异位症。4例并发症中有2例与输尿管结节病灶切除有关,2例与膀胱子宫内膜异位病灶切除有关。远期效果较为满意,如疼痛症状显著改善、泌尿系不适症状消失,仅有1例较长时间膀胱神经功能障碍。结论建议保守性手术联合术后假绝经疗法治疗大多数泌尿道子宫内膜异位症。尽管总体结果满意,由于术中可能同时施行其他一些复杂手术如结直肠手术,术后并发症的风险仍不容忽视。     

Advantages of the robotic approach to deep infiltrating rectal endometriosis: because less is more

For symptomatic deep infiltrating endometriosis, surgery is often required to achieve symptom relief and restore fertility. A minimally invasive approach using laparoscopy is considered the gold standard. However, specific limitations of the laparoscopic approach deep in the pelvis keep challenging even surgeons with a solid experience with minimally invasive techniques. Robotic surgery has the potential to compensate for technical drawbacks inherent in conventional laparoscopic surgery, such as limited degree of freedom, two-dimensional vision, and the fulcrum effect. In the present report, we aim at demonstrating the central role of robotic surgery for deep infiltrating endometriosis, with special emphasis in the ability to practice organ (rectal) preservation. A 45-year-old white female with a 4-month history of chronic pelvic pain, dyschezia, and dysmenorrhea, refractory to hormonal therapy was referred to our unit. MRI findings were diagnostic of deep infiltrating endometriosis (retrocervical and rectovaginal) extending to the anterior rectal serosal layer (partial-thickness rectal invasion). Using a fully robotic approach, appropriate dissection of the rectovaginal septum and of the extraperitoneal rectum followed by complete excision of the endometriotic rectal nodule with organ (rectal) preservation was undertaken. It is our belief that using a robotic approach, the potential to boost rectal preservation might be established. Moreover, it is possible that in many cases, a robotic operation may allow the surgeon to perform the intervention with greater accuracy and comfort. As a result, more patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis may benefit from rectal sparing procedures.     

The application of laser-assisted indocyanine green fluorescent dye angiography in microsurgical breast reconstruction

The benefits of laser-assisted indocyanine green fluorescence angiography have previously been demonstrated in cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of this technology in microsurgical breast reconstruction. Intraoperative laser-assisted indocyanine green fluorescence angiography was performed on all microsurgical breast reconstruction cases (deep inferior epigastric perforator flap or free transverse rectus abdominus muscle flap) during the study period. Ten consecutive free tissue transfer autologous breast reconstructions were performed on 8 women. In four cases, imaging demonstrated flow or perfusion deemed "marginal" or "poor" by the operating surgeons. In three of these cases, one involving poor arterial inflow, one of poor venous outflow, and one of poor perfusion of a mastectomy flap, the intraoperative plan was adjusted accordingly and follow-up imaging demonstrated improvement. In the fourth case, no adjustment was made at operation. However this patient required a return to the operating room for venous congestion of the flap, which was corrected without sequela. Overall flap survival was 100%. We concluded that laser-assisted indocyanine green fluorescence angiography appears to provide important information that has helped guide intraoperative decision making in our series.     

Near infrared fluorescence imaging with ICG in TECAB surgery using the da Vinci Si surgical system in a canine model

Abstract Background: This study assessed the clinical utility of near‐infrared fluorescence imaging using indocyanine green in off‐pump beating heart total endoscopic and robotic‐assisted coronary artery bypass using the fluorescence imaging system for the da Vinci Si on a canine model for vessel identification, graft patency, and correlation of graft patency with ultrasound transit‐time flow measurement probe. Methods: Beating heart total endoscopic robotic‐assisted coronary artery bypass was performed on eight canine using indocyanine green and fluorescence imaging to identify the internal mammary artery prior to harvesting, the coronary vessel anatomy, and the patency of the beating heart total endoscopic coronary artery bypass anastomosis. Three to four injections of indocyanine green with a dose of 1.25 mg to 2.5 mg were administered per animal. Transit‐time flow was measured in each of the dogs. Results: High definition 3D images were obtained. The camera working distance, indocyanine green dosage, internal mammary artery visualization, coronary artery visualization, patency by indocyanine green injection, and patency by transit‐time flow were recorded. Six cases were completed successfully, and all demonstrated correlation between indocyanine green measurements of flow, and the transit‐time flow measurement. Conclusion: Use of near‐infrared fluorescence with indocyanine green was feasible in our study, and would be of great benefit during total endoscopic robotic‐assisted coronary artery bypass using the fluorescence imaging–capable da Vinci Si system to help identify the internal mammary artery, delineate the coronary anatomy, and also determine patency of the anastomoses. This procedure correlated well with transit‐time flow measurement.     

吲哚菁绿荧光成像技术在胸外科的应用

吲哚菁绿荧光成像技术是利用近红外光线激发吲哚菁绿的荧光属性,所发出的荧光信号再由专门的腔镜系统进行收集,并将信号传输到显示器上,从而实现术中实时成像的一门技术。它可以观察术中特定组织的靶向标记或评估组织血流灌注情况。近年随着对吲哚菁绿的物理特性研究越来越深入,吲哚菁绿荧光成像技术已经在血管探查、实质脏器灌注显影、软组织灌注评估、淋巴显影等方面得到应用。笔者围绕吲哚菁绿荧光成像技术在胸外科的应用进行阐述。     

吲哚菁绿荧光造影在结直肠外科手术中的应用进展

随着医学模式的转变、外科技术和影像技术的快速发展，吲哚菁绿荧光造影技术被越来越广泛地用于临床，其在结直肠外科手术中获得了初步良好的效果。笔者检索PubMed、Web of Science和万方、中国知网数据库中有关吲哚菁绿分子荧光影像技术应用于结直肠外科领域的研究文献，并行归纳总结，以综述吲哚菁绿荧光造影技术的应用现状及不足。     

Indocyanine Green Angiography for Evaluation of Gastric Conduit Perfusion during Esophagectomy - First Experience

Background : A complication of esophageal surgery is leakage at the anastomosis site and one of the factors involved in this complication is poor blood flow in the distal portion of the tube. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of indocyanine green fluorescence imaging as a method of determining the perfusion of the gastric conduit after esophagectomy.

Methods : We analysed 15 consecutive patients who underwent transhiatal esophagectomy (THE) due to cancer. All of the patients had reconstruction of the gastrointestinal tract using the gastric conduit. Before performing the anastomosis, the blood flow in the area of the tube was evaluated using intravenous indocyanine green and observing its vascular flow with a camera equipped with an infrared laser.

Results : In all cases it was possible to visualize the vascular flow of indocyanine green within the region of the gastric tube. The fluorescence imaging system showed vascular insufficiency of the distal gastric conduit in 4 patients - in all of these patients the anastomosis was performed end-to-side and there was no subsequent leak. Leakage at the anastomosis site was observed in 1 patient (6,66%). The leak was observed in the 9^th postoperative day, despite visualization of a good vascular supply of the tube.

Conclusions : Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging of gastric tube allows for intraoperative modifications, but it must be noted that the patient’s comorbidities and general health may also increase the risk of anastomosis leakage.     

吲哚菁绿示踪淋巴结清扫在胃癌根治术中应用及研究进展

精准医学是胃癌微创外科发展的更深层次的要求。个体化的根治性淋巴结清扫是每个微创外科医生追求的目标。近年来,随着吲哚菁绿（ICG）荧光成像技术在微创外科设备上成功运用,学者们发现ICG荧光成像具有良好的组织穿透性,能够比其他染料更好地识别肥厚脂肪组织内的淋巴结。ICG荧光成像引导的腹腔镜或机器人胃癌淋巴结清扫逐渐成为了微创外科时代个体化、精准化治疗的一个新的探索方向。虽然国内较晚开展此项技术,但随着技术进步及经验的不断积累,ICG荧光成像技术在我国微创胃癌根治术中应用逐渐增多。     

吲哚菁绿在肝胆腹腔镜手术领域中的应用现状

随着荧光病变检测技术的发展,吲哚菁绿（ICG）作用已从术前肝功能的评估发展到肿瘤诊断、癌前病变及淋巴管的可视化、术中肿瘤检测及指导手术的精准化。ICG荧光引导的肝脏切除手术从根本上提高了肝脏解剖能力及手术的质量,同时也提高了微创（腹腔镜和机器人）肝胆外科手术的安全性和准确性。由于ICG荧光技术可以更好地显示癌灶,引导切除的边缘远离肿瘤边界,当今的肝胆外科手术已不能缺少ICG的应用。鉴于研究ICG相关临床应用已成为热点,本文讨论了ICG荧光成像在肝胆外科手术中的应用现状。     

Intraoperative ICG-fluorescence imaging for robotic-assisted urologic surgery: current status and review of literature

International Urology and Nephrology - With the availability of near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging using indocyanine green dye (ICG) to the robotic platform, utility of this imaging...