良性前列腺增生合并糖尿病患者尿流动力学检查及其临床意义

目的:探讨良性前列腺增生(BPH)合并糖尿病(DM)患者尿流动力学特点及其临床意义。方法:对BPH合并DM患者30例(研究组)和单纯BPH患者30例(对照组)的尿流动力学检查结果进行对比分析。结果:研究组在膀胱感觉减退、膀胱顺应性增加、膀胱逼尿肌不稳定、膀胱逼尿肌功能受损、初始尿意容量(FDV)、最大膀胱容量(MCC)、最大尿流率(Qmax)、最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力(Pdet@Qmax)、剩余尿量(RUV)等方面,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:DM加重了BPH患者的膀胱功能障碍,尿流动力学检查对于BPH合并DM患者的诊断和治疗具有重要的临床参考价值。     

前列腺增生合并组织学炎症患者临床及尿动力学特征分析

目的探讨前列腺增生（BPH）合并组织学前列腺炎（HP）患者的临床及尿动力学特征.方法：将189例BPH接受经尿道逆行前列腺电切术治疗的患者,依据病理诊断分为单纯BPH组和BPH合并HP组,在匹配年龄、体重指数和前列腺体积后,每组38例;比较两组国际前列腺症状评分（IPSS）、最大尿流率、最大膀胱容量、残余尿量、最大逼尿肌压力和最大尿道压力等尿动力学指标,以及膀胱逼尿肌过度活动发生率间的差异.结果：与单纯BPH组相比,BPH合并HP组具有更高的IPSS总分和IPSS储尿期评分（P 〈 0.05）,较小的最大膀胱容量（P 〈 0.001）和更高的膀胱逼尿肌过度活动的发生率（P 〈 0.05）.结论：合并HP会加重BPH患者的储尿期症状,导致尿动力学中最大膀胱容量的降低和逼尿肌过度活动的发生.     

女性糖尿病患者膀胱功能障碍的尿动力学研究

目的：探讨尿动力学检查在糖尿病患者膀胱功能障碍诊断中的意义。方法：回顾性分析32例女性糖尿病膀胱病变患者的临床资料和尿动力学检查结果,明确尿动力学的特征性改变。结果：早期组最大尿流率、膀胱容量下降,逼尿肌压力增加,初始尿意、剩余尿量正常;晚期组最大尿流率、逼尿肌压力下降明显,初始尿意、剩余尿、膀胱容量显著增加。结论：女性伴有下尿路症状（LUTS）的糖尿病患者膀胱功能异常的发生率高,随着病程延长,膀胱功能改变明显。尿动力学检查可以明确膀胱功能,对合并糖尿病的LUTS患者的正确诊断和治疗具有重要的指导意义。     

氯胺酮相关性膀胱炎的尿动力检查及分析

目的：分析氯胺酮相关性膀胱炎患者膀胱功能下降后的尿动力学表现,为临床治疗方法的选择及治疗后疗效评价提供依据。方法：通过对临床及检验证实的14例氯胺酮相关性膀胱炎患者行尿动力学检查,分析其表现特点。结果：①膀胱过度敏感：其中膀胱初始尿意、正常尿意及最大膀胱容量均明显低于正常;②逼尿肌过度活动：14例患者均表现为在充盈期出现不可抑制性收缩并产生排尿反射;③膀胱顺应性：14例患者中3例表现为下降,11例在产生排尿反射前未出现逼尿肌压力上升;④逼尿肌收缩功能：8例患者最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力减弱,4例正常,2例逼尿肌收缩增强;⑤膀胱出口梗阻表现不明显。结论：氯胺酮相关性膀胱炎患者的尿动力学主要表现为储尿期膀胱感觉过敏、小容量膀胱、不稳定或伴低顺应性膀胱,排尿期逼尿肌收缩减弱。     

尿流动力学检查应用于糖尿病患者的临床意义

目的探讨尿动力学检查在糖尿病患者膀胱功能异常的诊断中的临床意义。方法对已确诊的23例糖尿病患者进行尿流动力学检查,记录相关参数和临床资料。结果对比显示患者组残余尿量、初始尿意容量、膀胱容量均较正常组明显升高（P〈0.05）,但最大尿流率、最大逼尿肌收缩压明显下降（P〈0.01）。结论尿流动力学检查是对DCP进行客观评价的最重要的手段,尽早进行尿流动力学检查有助于早期确诊,并且可以据此进行针对性治疗,对预防膀胱功能恶化有重要的意义。     

骨盆骨折术后神经源性膀胱的尿流动力学评估

目的:探讨尿流动力学检查对骨盆骨折术后神经源性膀胱的预后估价作用。方法:12例骨盆骨折术后尿潴留患者(男8例,女4例,年龄26～70岁,平均46.5岁)分别在术后1d、1、3周3个不同时间点进行尿动力学检查分析,并与12例正常受试者进行对比。结果:12例患者逼尿肌收缩力、最大尿流率、膀胱容量、残余尿的异常与术后1d、1、3周3个不同阶段存在一定相关性,患者在术后1d、1、3周残余尿、膀胱容量、最大逼尿肌收缩压、排尿压均较正常组明显升高(P0.05),但最大尿流率明显下降(P0.05);在尿潴留组中,术后1周与术后1d、3周比较,膀胱容量升高(P0.05),残余尿明显升高(P0.05),最大逼尿肌收缩压、排尿压均明显降低(均P0.05),最大尿流率无明显变化(P0.05)。结论:将尿流动力学定量的各指标进行综合分析可最大程度地提高判断骨盆骨折术后神经源性膀胱预后的准确率,并为早期客观地评价排尿困难程度提供一个量化评估指标。     

腰椎间盘突出导致慢性马尾神经损伤的尿动力学分析

目的 探讨腰椎间盘突出所致慢性马尾神经损伤的尿动力学特点.方法 对67例男性腰椎间盘突出患者的尿动力学检查结果 进行回顾性分析,均排除下尿路梗阻,并根据逼尿肌功能分为逼尿肌收缩功能正常组(A组)、逼尿肌收缩功能减退组(B组)和逼尿肌无反射组(C组).比较各组间的临床资料和尿动力学检查结果 .结果 3组间在最大逼尿肌压力、最大尿流时逼尿肌压力、最大尿流率、残余尿量均有显著差异.膀胱初始感觉和最大容量在A组与C组,B组和C组之间有显著差异,但在A组和B组之间无显著差异.3组间在年龄、发病时间和膀胱顺应性无显著差异.结论 尿动力学检查可为判断慢性马尾神经损伤的程度提供依据,逼尿肌无反射及膀胱感觉减退表示马尾神经损伤严重.最大尿流率与残余尿量有助于马尾神经损伤的早期诊断.     

压力性尿失禁合并糖尿病患者的尿动力学研究

目的 探讨尿动力学检查在压力性尿失禁合并糖尿病中的诊断意义。方法 采用德国Ellipse尿动力检测仪对58例女性压力性尿失禁合并糖尿病患者及40例单纯压力性尿失禁患者进行尿动力学检测,参照不同的糖尿病病程,明确不同时期尿动力学的特征性改变。结果 实验组与对照组相比,两组中以McGuire法分型的各型腹压漏尿点所占百分比具有明显差异;糖尿病病程大于2年患者的尿动力学参数与单纯SUI间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),最大尿流率、最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力随病程的增加而降低,而强烈排尿感容量、剩余尿量、最大膀胱测压容量及初始尿意容量均随病程的增加而增加。结论 尿动力学检查的各项指标结合糖尿病病程临床资料,有助于判断压力性尿失禁伴有何种膀胱功能的改变,对正确的诊断及后续治疗具有重要意义。     

糖尿病患者膀胱功能改变的临床研究

目的 :探讨糖尿病患者膀胱功能变化及其机制。方法 :将 70例糖尿病患者按照病程分为早期组和进展期组 ,分别对其初尿意的膀胱容量、最大膀胱容量、最大自由尿流率、最大尿流时的逼尿肌压力 (PQmax)、剩余尿量进行分析。结果 :早期组糖尿病患者产生初尿意的膀胱容量增大至 (15 1.6 7± 2 4 .0 7)ml,进展期糖尿病患者初尿意的膀胱容量进一步增大至 (2 6 8.16± 13.90 )ml,最大膀胱容量增大至 (5 92 .97± 2 5 2 .5 1)ml,最大自由尿流率降低至 (8.6 1± 2 .0 4 )ml/min ,PQmax降低 (3.2 5± 1.94 )kPa ,剩余尿量增加至 (16 9.0 3± 137.2 5 )ml。结论 :早期糖尿病患者膀胱感觉减退可能是逼尿肌兴奋性降低的缘故 ;进展期糖尿病患者的一系列尿动力学改变 ,可能是在逼尿肌兴奋性改变的基础上出现逼尿肌收缩力降低的结果。     

老年女性糖尿病排尿异常患者尿动力学检查的意义

目的：探讨60岁以上女性排尿异常糖尿病患者的尿动力学变化特点及其临床意义.方法：回顾性分析57例老年女性排尿异常糖尿病患者（69.3±7.0）岁的尿动力学资料,同时选取40例排尿异常的非糖尿病患者（68.8±6.1）岁和20例正常老年女性作为对照组（68.3±4.2）岁.全部患者均行自由尿流率、压力-流率、静态尿道压力测定并比较各组间相关参数异同.结果：排尿异常的糖尿病患者38.6%（22/57）表现为逼尿肌活动低下,19.3%（11/57）逼尿肌过度活动、24.6%（14/57）膀胱出口梗阻和17.5%（10/57）尿动力学表现正常;糖尿病组与正常对照组相比,最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力、膀胱顺应性、最大膀胱容量、剩余尿量,最大尿流率等参数之间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;与非糖尿病排尿异常患者相比.糖尿病组最大膀胱容量显著增多（592.1±165.2）ml vs.（468.8±101.3）ml（P＜0.05）,其他各项尿动力学参数未见明显差异.结论：60岁以上女性糖尿病和非糖尿病排尿异常患者尿动力学表现异常同样多见,但是前者最大膀胱容量显著增多,提示膀胱敏感性降低.     

Pressure-flow variables in patients treated with tolterodine for detrusor overactivity

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that drug treatment which modifies detrusor function (tolterodine) may influence the higher detrusor pressure at urethral opening and closure recorded in patients with detrusor overactivity than in those with stable bladders. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients treated with tolterodine in the treatment arm of a phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of tolterodine were eligible for the study. Patients underwent urodynamics before and immediately after 4 weeks of therapy. The detrusor pressure at urethral opening, at maximum flow and at urethral closure, and the maximum bladder capacity and postvoid residual urine volume were recorded from matched urodynamic studies in the trial. Patients with a reduction in urinary frequency of more than two voids per 24 h were defined as responders to treatment and urodynamic data were dichotomised accordingly to allow comparison. RESULTS: There were no between-group differences in either the detrusor pressure at opening or closure when responders were compared with non-responders. Successful treatment was associated with a statistically significant change in bladder capacity and postvoid residual volume, although the change in residual volume was not clinically significant. Values of detrusor pressure at opening before treatment were greater in non-responders. CONCLUSION: The absence of changes in the pressure-flow plot variables is in keeping with previous studies reporting the search for a urodynamic variable which might be used to predict a favourable outcome after drug treatment.     

Correlation between urodynamics and perineal ultrasound in female patients with urinary incontinence

AIMS: We performed urodynamics and perineal ultrasound in female patients with urinary incontinence to assess morphology and function of the bladder base-urethra complex and of the detrusor muscle, and to find the correlation between these investigations in the diagnosis of (a) bladder neck and urethral hypermobility and (b) detrusor overactivity; we wanted to compare the tolerabililty of the urodynamic investigation and of the perineal ultrasound. METHODS: We considered 66 female patients referred to our outpatient clinic for urinary incontinence; we also studied 14 healthy control patients. After accurate case-history collection and physical examination, urodynamic investigation and perineal ultrasound were performed, with recording of parameters specific to both investigations. The statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc test, and Spearman correlation test. The tolerability index between the diagnostic investigations performed was assessed by a 3-point scale suggested by the patient. RESULTS: In patients with stress incontinence the posterior urethro-vesical angle, the angle of urethral inclination, and the proximal pubo-urethral distance are significantly different under stress compared to the resting phase; in patients with urge incontinence, the detrusor wall is thicker and is accompanied by an increase in opening detrusor pressure and detrusor pressure at maximum flow; it is also accompanied by detrusor overactivity with increased urethral functional length. Increased urethral functional length is suggested on axial US images by alteration of its normal characteristic target-like appearance with four concentric rings of different echogenicity. In all cases the tolerability of perineal ultrasound has been higher than that of urodynamics. CONCLUSIONS: There is a good correlation between urodynamic and perineal ultrasound in the diagnosis of bladder neck and urethral hypermobility; perineal ultrasound can also be useful in the diagnosis of urge incontinence. Functional compressive urethral obstruction can be diagnosed on the basis of the ultrasound aspect of the urethral sphincter.     

女性盆底器官脱垂伴尿失禁患者的尿动力学特征

目的 探讨女性盆底器官脱垂伴尿失禁患者膀胱储尿期和排尿期的尿动力学参数变化. 方法对182例女性尿失禁和盆底器官脱垂患者进行尿动力学检查,其中尿失禁140例,尿失禁伴盆底器官脱垂42例.在统一标准下行尿动力学检查测定膀胱灌注量、排尿量、膀胱顺应性、最大尿流率、最大尿流率逼尿肌压、最小尿流率逼尿肌压、尿道阻力因子(URA)、膀胱梗阻指数(OBI)以及归-化逼尿肌收缩力,评价女性尿失禁患者盆底器官脱垂对膀胱储尿功能和排尿功能的影响. 结果 尿失禁组与尿失禁伴盆底器官脱垂组患者尿失禁病程[(58.1±75.4)与(41.9±55.4)个月]、膀胱灌注量[(295.3±95.8)与(276.5±80.8)ml]、膀胱顺应性[(77.7±122.1)与(51.5±61.9)ml/cm H2O]、最大尿流率[(15.8±12.5)与(14.7±13.9)ml/s]、最小尿流率逼尿肌压[(3.2±5.8)与(2.8±5.5)ml/cm H2O]、归-化逼尿肌收缩力[(7.5±12.8)与(8.2±13.8)cm H2O]相比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而年龄[(58.7±12.2)与(67.1±8.3)岁]、排尿量[(269.2±145.2)与(248.9±135.1)ml]、最大尿流率逼尿肌压[(20.4±16.2)与(25.7±21.3)cm H2O]、URA[(11.3±9.5与(14.8±12.6)cm H2O]、OBI[(15.6±14.5)与(21.7±20.1)cm H2O]2组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论高龄女性尿失禁患者更可能伴有盆底器官脱垂,而盆底器官脱垂对膀胱储尿功能无影响,但可影响排尿期相关参数,增加膀胱出口阻力和膀胱残余尿量.     

The effects of bladder neck incision on urodynamic abnormalities of children with posterior urethral valves

PURPOSE: We evaluated the effects of simultaneous bladder neck incision and valve ablation on urodynamic abnormalities in patients with posterior urethral valves. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 46 patients with posterior urethral valves entered our prospective study between 1998 and 2003. Group 1 consisted of 22 patients who underwent simultaneous valve ablation and bladder neck incision at the 6 o'clock position. Group 2 consisted of 24 age matched patients with comparable prognostic factors who underwent simple valve ablation. Trends in renal function tests, urodynamics and changes in the upper urinary tracts were evaluated throughout followup. RESULTS: Mean patient age at presentation was 1.6 years in group 1 and 1.8 years in group 2. Preoperatively, all patients in both groups had hypercontractile bladders and comparable high maximum voiding detrusor pressures. At the end of followup (mean 4.5 years) no patient in group 1 had bladder hypercontractility or detrusor overactivity, and the mean maximum voiding detrusor pressure was 53 +/- 15 cm H(2)O. In comparison, 9 patients in group 2 had bladder hypercontractility, 6 had detrusor overactivity and the mean maximum voiding detrusor pressure was 87 +/- 45 cm H(2)O (p <0.01). Myogenic bladder failure developed in 5 patients in group 2. The number of patients requiring anticholinergic medication and the duration of treatment were also significantly higher in group 2 compared to group 1. CONCLUSIONS: Valve ablation with bladder neck incision may result in better bladder urodynamic function in comparison to simple valve ablation. However, long-term studies with followup through puberty are required to evaluate the final effects on renal function.     

Urodynamic findings in boys with posterior urethral valves after treatment with primary valve ablation or vesicostomy and delayed ablation

PURPOSE: Primary valve ablation and temporary vesicostomy with delayed valve ablation are alternative initial management procedures in neonates and infants with posterior urethral valves. To investigate whether initial vesicostomy followed by delayed valve ablation and simultaneous vesicostomy closure may lead to more alterations in bladder function than primary valve ablation only we retrospectively compared postoperative urodynamic findings in 2 small groups of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1980 to 1990, 15 male infants 19 days to 34 months old with posterior urethral valves were treated with 1 of 2 initial surgical approaches, including valve ablation only in 8 (group 1), and primary vesicostomy and delayed valve ablation associated with concomitant vesicostomy closure in 7 (group 2). Mean age at valve ablation and vesicostomy in groups 1 and 2 was 10.8 +/- 11.2 months (range 1 to 35) and 55.4 +/- 43.3 days (range 19 to 151), respectively. Average duration of vesicostomy diversion was 33.6 +/- 18.8 months (range 14 to 70). All patients underwent conventional urodynamics postoperatively using normal saline at room temperature. In groups 1 and 2 mean age at followup was 11.5 +/- 6.6 (range 5 to 16.2) and 9. 4 +/- 3.1 (range 4.10 to 14) years, respectively. Controls comprised 46 age matched males who underwent urodynamics using similar methodology. RESULTS: Postoperative urodynamic assessment of maximum cystometric bladder capacity and the incidence of detrusor instability in each treatment group were not statistically different. In group 1 bladder capacity was significantly higher than that in controls (p <0.0001). In group 2 mean end filling detrusor pressure was increased compared with that in group 1 (29 cm. water, range 15 to 60 versus 8, range 4 to 21). Compliance was significantly lower in group 2 than in group 1 (p <0.0005). Analysis of detrusor voiding pressure at maximum flow was not significantly different in the 2 groups. We noted detrusor under activity in 1 group 1 and 2 group 2 cases. In these patients post-void residual urine volume was 8% to 66% of cystometric bladder capacity. However, only 1 of these 3 patients who required augmentation cystoplasty needed intermittent catheterization. Urodynamic patterns of outflow obstruction developed in 1 patient in each group, including urethral stricture and bladder neck obstruction. At followup we observed no difference in renal function impairment in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our retrospective study of rapid filling cystometry suggests that primary valve ablation for posterior urethral valves is associated with a better bladder function outcome than that in patients treated with vesicostomy and delayed valve ablation. Therefore, although cutaneous vesicostomy may be performed as initial management of posterior urethral valves, primary valve ablation is the most effective surgical option in these cases.     

Predictive value of low maximum flow rate in benign prostatic hyperplasia

Among 84 patients with prostatism selected for transurethral resection of the prostate, 18 had a maximum flow at spontaneous uroflowmetry less than or equal to 7 ml/sec. Preoperatively there was no significant difference between patients with maximum flow less than or equal to 7 ml/sec (Group 1) and patients with maximum flow greater than 7 ml/sec (Group 2) in age, duration of symptoms, symptom scores, bladder volume, residual urine, and detrusor pressure at maximum flow. Patients in Group 1, however, had significantly lower urethral resistance and bladder volume independent maximum flow than patients in Group 2. Postoperatively, patients with preoperative maximum flow less than or equal to 7 ml/sec improved significantly in symptom scores and urodynamic findings apart from bladder volume and detrusor pressure at maximum flow. There were no significant differences between groups in postoperative symptom scores or urodynamic findings. We conclude that preoperative maximum flow rates less than or equal to 7 ml/sec at spontaneous uroflowmetry were related to high urethral resistance and not detrusor decompensation among patients with prostatism, and that patients with maximum flow rates less than or equal to 7 ml/sec fared as well postoperatively as patients with maximum flow greater than 7 ml/sec.     

Diagnosing bladder outlet obstruction in women

PURPOSE: There are no universally accepted urodynamic criteria for diagnosing female bladder outlet obstruction. When accepted criteria for men are applied to women, the diagnosis of obstruction may often be missed, which is most likely due to differences in voiding dynamics. We propose video urodynamic criteria for diagnosing obstruction in women, and describe the urodynamic findings in those with and without obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the charts of 331 women who underwent multichannel video urodynamics for nonneurogenic voiding dysfunction. Of these women 261 (mean age 55.8 years) had evaluable voiding pressure flow studies with simultaneous video fluoroscopy of the bladder outlet during voiding. At video urodynamics cases were classified as obstructed if there was radiographic evidence of obstruction between the bladder neck and distal urethra in the presence of a sustained detrusor contraction. Strict pressure flow criteria were not used. Maximum flow rate, detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate, post-void residual, bladder capacity and the incidence of detrusor instability were compared between obstructed and unobstructed cases. RESULTS: A total of 76 women met the criteria for obstruction (mean age 57.5 years), while 184 (mean age 55) did not. Causes of obstruction were dysfunctional voiding in 25 cases, cystocele in 21, primary bladder neck obstruction in 12, iatrogenic from incontinence surgery in 11, urethral stricture in 3, uterine prolapse in 2, urethral diverticulum in 1 and rectocele in 1. Obstructed cases had lower mean maximum flow rate (9 versus 20.2 ml. per second, p <0.0001), higher mean detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate (42.8 versus 22.1 cm. water, p <0.0001) and higher mean post-void residual (157 versus 33 ml., p <0.0001). There was no difference in bladder capacity (381 versus 347 ml.) or incidence of detrusor instability (45 versus 41%). CONCLUSIONS: Using the proposed video urodynamic criteria obstructed cases had significantly higher voiding pressures, lower flow rates and higher post-void residual than unobstructed cases, as expected. However, absolute values, especially for voiding pressure, are not as dramatic in women as in men. Pressure flow studies alone may fail to diagnose obstruction but simultaneous imaging of the bladder outlet during voiding greatly facilitates diagnosis.     

The effect of bladder training, pelvic floor muscle training, or combination training on urodynamic parameters in women with urinary incontinence. Continence Program for Women Research Group.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of three conservative interventions: pelvic floor muscle training, bladder training, or both, on urodynamic parameters in women with urinary incontinence. Two hundred four women with genuine stress incontinence (GSI) or detrusor instability with or without GSI (DI +/- GSI) participated in a two-site trial comparing pelvic floor muscle training, bladder training, or both. Patients were stratified based on severity of urinary incontinence, urodynamic diagnosis, and treatment site, then randomized to a treatment group. All women underwent a comprehensive standardized evaluation including multi-channel urodynamics at the initial assessment and at the end of 12 weeks of therapy. Analysis of covariance was used to detect differences among treatment groups on urodynamic parameters. Post-treatment evaluations were available for 181 women. No differences were found among treatments on the following measurements: maximum urethral closure pressure, mean urethral closure pressure, maximum Kegel urethral closure pressure, mean Kegel urethral closure pressure, functional urethral length, pressure transmission ratios, straining urethral axis, first sensation to void, maximum cystometric capacity, and the MCC minus FSV. The effect of treatment did not differ by urodynamic diagnosis. Behavioral therapy had no effect on commonly measured urodynamic parameters. The mechanism by which clinical improvement occurs remains unknown. Neurourol. Urodynam. 18:427-436, 1999.     

Voiding dynamics in women with stress urinary incontinence and high‐stage cystocele

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the urodynamic features of women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or with high‐stage (stage 3 or greater) cystocele (HSC) as compared with symptom‐free women. Methods: Fifty‐six neurologically intact women with SUI and 47 women with HSC but without SUI were prospectively evaluated. All patients underwent full urodynamics, in addition to basic clinical evaluations. The urodynamic parameters of SUI and HSC were compared to the ones obtained from 78 urologically symptom‐free normal women over the same period. Results: Patients with HSC, after correction of cystocele using a temporary vaginal pessary, had consistently lower maximum urinary flow rate with a lower detrusor pressure during micturition than the controls or those with SUI. On the other hand, patients with SUI had an equivalent to higher maximum urinary flow rate, normal detrusor contraction strength with a lower detrusor pressure during micturition than the controls. Both maximum Watts factor and bladder contractility index were significantly lower in the whole HSC cohort in comparison to the controls and patients with SUI. The urodynamic characteristics observed among the three groups were all maintained even after adjusting for age. Conclusions: Women with SUI demonstrate voiding with low‐pressure, normal contraction strength with an equivalent to high urinary flow rate. Women with HSC demonstrate voiding with low pressures with weak contraction strengths and low urinary flow rates, suggesting a higher prevalence of detrusor underactivity. Chronically decreased or increased urethral resistance might alter voiding dynamics and performance.     

前列腺增生症患者的尿动力学诊断价值评估

目的　评估尿流动力学检查在前列腺增生症患者所致的下尿路症候群中的诊断价值。方法　采用自制半卧位床 ,常规行尿流率、压力 流率测定及尿道测压 ,并同步测定尿道外括约肌肌电图及残余尿量 ;并记录膀胱逼尿肌受损情况、膀胱顺应性和尿道外括约肌协调情况。联合应用A G图、P Q图及DS诊断BOO(膀胱出口梗阻 ) ,结果进行统计处理。结果　本组患者 338例 ,312例诊断为BOO ,71例可疑 ,5例无BOO。其中伴膀胱低顺应性 12 3例 ,膀胱逼尿肌功能受损 10 8例 ,尿道外括约肌功能失调 15 7例 ,不稳定膀胱 134例。随着BOO程度加重 ,Pdet Qmax、Popen、DS、IPSS积分及前列腺体积呈升高趋势 ,膀胱顺应性、Qmax呈下降趋势。结论　前列腺增生症患者排尿障碍的机制是排尿过程中机械因素和动力学因素共同作用的结果 ,尿流动力学检查在其诊断评估中扮演着一个极其重要的角色。BOO程度与Pdet Qmax、Popen、DS、IPSS积分及前列腺体积呈正相关 ,与膀胱顺应性、Qmax呈负相关