改良"摆"式矫治器推磨牙远移12例分析

目的:研究改良"摆"式矫治器对(牙合)和面部骨骼结构的影响.方法:安氏Ⅱ类错(牙合)12例,采用改良"摆"式矫治器治疗.摆式矫治器推磨牙向远中的疗程为2～4个月.进行X线头影测量分析和模型测量分析.结果:①每侧磨牙平均向远中移动2.75 mm,主要为倾斜移动.②切牙牙冠平均向近中移动2.06 mm,主要为近中倾斜移动,前牙覆盖增加1.30 mm.前牙唇倾增加1.9°.③摆式矫治器改良后对面部骨骼结构无直接影响.结论:摆式矫治器能有效地远中移动上颌磨牙,快速矫正磨牙关系,但也可导致磨牙远中倾斜及切牙唇向倾斜移动.     

摆型矫治器远中移动上颌磨牙娇治安氏Ⅱ类错He

目的 研究改良摆型矫治器对牙He和面部骨骼结构的影响。方法 选择安氏Ⅱ类错Ｈｅ１６例,其中女１３例,男３例,年龄９．３～２２．８岁,平均１３．６岁。采用摆型磨牙远中移动矫治器治疗。摆型矫治器推磨牙向远中的疗程为１～６个月,平均３．７个月。以Ｘ线头影测量分析和模型测量分析为测定手段。结果 ①每侧磨牙平均向远中移动３．５９ｍｍ,主要为磨牙向远中倾斜移动。②切牙牙冠平均向近中移动３．２８ｍｍ,主要为切牙的     

改良式摆型矫治器远中移动上颌磨牙的疗效分析

目的 评价改良式摆型矫治器远中移动上颌磨牙的疗效。方法 选择14例牙性安氏Ⅱ类错的患者,应用改良式摆型矫治器远移上颌第一磨牙,通过矫治前和磨牙远移到位后的X线头影测量分析评价其疗效。结果 磨牙平均向远中移动3.85mm,牙冠远中倾斜3.22°;切牙近中倾斜移动2.08mm,覆盖增加1.68mm。结论 改良式摆型矫治器能有效地整体远中移动上颌磨牙,快速矫正磨牙关系,但也会引起少量的支抗丧失和切牙唇向移动。     

“摆”式矫治器远中移动上颌磨牙的疗效分析

目的研究"摆"式矫治器远中移动磨牙的效果以及其对面部骨骼和上颌牙齿的影响。方法选择处于替牙期或恒牙早期,上颌牙列轻中度拥挤,磨牙远中关系的病例25例。采用"摆"式矫治器远中移动上颌磨牙。以X线头影测量分析为测定手段。结果①上颌第一、二磨牙均发生了远中倾斜移动;②上颌第一前磨牙发生了近中倾斜移动,上中切牙发生了唇向倾斜移动;③在垂直向上,第一磨牙位置无明显变化,上颌第二磨牙伸长。④前牙覆盖增加,覆减小;⑤MP-SN和前下面高(ANS-Me)增加。结论①"摆"式矫治器可以有效的远中移动上颌磨牙;②"摆"式矫治器主要影响上颌牙齿,而对面部骨骼影响较小;③"摆"式矫治器在远中移动磨牙的同时伴随有上颌磨牙远中倾斜和上颌前部支抗丧失。     

改良摆形矫治器矫治安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]的临床研究

目的评价改良摆形矫治器远移磨牙效果及对牙颌面结构的影响。方法选择11例安氏Ⅱ类错[牙合]、上牙弓中度以下拥挤患者，采用改良摆形矫治器远移磨牙获得间隙，每一病例在应用改良摆形矫治器前后进行头影测量分析。结果11例患者在9．4±1．7周内上第一磨牙3．76mm、上第二前磨牙1．65mm的远中移动，伴切牙2．37mm的近中移动，同时上第一磨牙、切牙倾斜移动，且上第一磨牙、上第二前磨牙和切牙治疗前后的位置变化在水平方向具有显著性差异，而在垂直方向的差异无显著性。结论改良摆形矫治器具有简便、前牙支抗丢失少的优点，可在临床中广泛应用。     

改良式摆型矫治器配合治疗伴牙列拥挤的功能性前牙反[牙合]

目的评价改良式摆型矫治器与固定矫治器结合治疗恒牙早期功能性反[牙合]伴牙列拥挤的治疗效果。方法选择恒牙早期功能性反[牙合]且上颌牙列拥挤的患者10例，上颌采用改良式摆型矫治器远中移动第一磨牙，同时下颌戴用活动式全牙列骀垫打开咬合，最后全口粘结固定矫治器完成治疗。分别于矫治前（T1）、改良式摆型矫治器治疗后（T2）、固定矫治器治疗后（T3）拍摄正中[牙合]位的X线头颅侧位定位片，进行头影测量分析。结果10例患者经改良式摆型矫治器治疗后上颌第一磨牙平均远中移动3．78mm，远中倾斜3．84°，上前牙平均唇向倾斜移动1．52mm；固定矫治器治疗后前牙反[牙合]解除，牙齿排列整齐，前牙覆[牙合]覆盖正常。结论改良式摆型矫治器能有效地远中移动上颌磨牙；与固定矫治器结合治疗恒牙早期功能性反[牙合]伴牙列拥挤疗效满意。     

改良摆形矫治器矫治安氏Ⅱ类错的临床研究

目的评价改良摆形矫治器远移磨牙效果及对牙颌面结构的影响。方法选择11例安氏Ⅱ类错、上牙弓中度以下拥挤患者,采用改良摆形矫治器远移磨牙获得间隙,每一病例在应用改良摆形矫治器前后进行头影测量分析。结果11例患者在9.4±1.7周内上第一磨牙3.76mm、上第二前磨牙1.65mm的远中移动,伴切牙2.37mm的近中移动,同时上第一磨牙、切牙倾斜移动,且上第一磨牙、上第二前磨牙和切牙治疗前后的位置变化在水平方向具有显著性差异,而在垂直方向的差异无显著性。结论改良摆形矫治器具有简便、前牙支抗丢失少的优点,可在临床中广泛应用。     

GMD远移磨牙的临床研究

目的 :在正畸临床治疗安氏Ⅱ类错畸形并伴有牙源性前牙拥挤的病例中 ,多以开辟牙间隙并同时纠正牙弓间的Ⅱ类关系为目的 ,推磨牙向远中是目前较为常用的非拔牙开辟牙间隙的手段。近年来美国学者提出了一种新的推磨牙向远中的技术———GMD(GreenfieldMolarDistalize ) ,然而 ,迄今为止在国内尚未见有关GMD的临床报道。本研究旨在观察GMD矫治器在治疗安氏Ⅱ类牙源性错畸形时 ,推磨牙向远中的疗效 ,探讨其在远移磨牙正畸矫治中的临床作用 ,为推磨牙向远中的正畸矫治提供新的方法。方法 :因上颌磨牙前移导致的安氏Ⅱ类牙源性拥挤或前突的非拔牙病例 2 0例 ,用GMD矫治器推磨牙向远中 ,用Nance腭托进行保持 ,采用模型测量、头影测量分析观察GMD矫治器远移磨牙的疗效。结果 :2 0例患者运用GMD矫治器治疗后 ,均获得了所需间隙 ,平均疗程 4 .3个月 ,其中最大间隙 8.5mm ,最小 4mm ,平均约 5 .8mm(P 0 .0 5 )。结论 :GMD技术能够快速、有效地推上颌磨牙向远中 ,移动方式基本上为整体移动。在磨牙倾斜方面 ,其疗效优于钟摆式矫治器和J钩加螺旋推簧 ,完全符合进一步的治疗要求。在矫治器制作过程中应尽可能地加大N     

摆形矫治器用于安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错(牙合)畸形对上颌牙列和骨骼的影响

目的 采用摆形矫治器对上颌磨牙远中移动的同时,观察对上颌前牙及双尖牙的副影响。方法 在临床上收集12名患者,男4名,女8名,平均年龄11.1岁,患者均为安氏Ⅱ类Ⅰ分类错(牙合)畸形,非拔牙矫治,均使用摆形矫治器远中移动磨牙来纠正Ⅱ类磨牙关系为Ⅰ类磨牙关系,牙弓内获得足够的间隙。比较治疗前后的头影测量片。结果 上颌磨牙远中倾斜8.34°(SD=8.37°),远中移动3.37mm(SD=2.10mm);上颌切牙移动2.4mm(SD=4.57);(牙合)平面向前上倾斜1.09°(SD=1.76°);下面高(ANS-Me)增加2.79mm(SD=2.03mm)。结论对摆形矫治器远中移动磨牙的疗效是肯定的,但是在治疗过程中,支抗的丧失,上颌切牙的唇倾、前牙覆(牙合)覆盖增加以及下面高的增加是治疗的副影响,而且磨牙远中移动的过程中,伴有牙冠较大量的远中倾斜。因此,提醒临床医生在使用类似的矫治器时应慎重。     

应用Pendulum矫治器辅助治疗安氏Ⅲ类错[牙合]的研究

目的评估应用Pendulum矫治器辅助治疗安氏Ⅲ类错[牙合]的治疗效果。方法选择上颌轻度发育不足且牙列拥挤的安氏Ⅲ类错[牙合]患者10例（男6例，女4例，年龄10±1．2岁），先使用前方牵引6个月促上颌骨发育，再使用Pendulum矫治器治疗6个月推磨牙向后，提供间隙供牙列排齐以及获得磨牙中性关系，最后用全口固定矫治器完成治疗。对Pendulum治疗前后以及患者整个正畸治疗前后的X线头颅侧位片进行测量分析。结果使用Pendulum矫治器治疗后，上切牙轻度前倾前移，U1-SIN平均增大1．98°，PTV-U1平均前移1．01mm；上颌第一磨牙远中倾斜远中移动，U6-SIN平均减小6．21°，PTV-U6平均后移3．88mm。与正畸前后相关数据比较，Pendulum矫治器对前牙移动以及骨性影响不大。结论Pendulum矫治器能有效辅助上颌发育不足且牙列拥挤的安氏Ⅲ类错[牙合]的治疗。     

不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀溶解性比较研究

目的:研究、比较不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀的溶解性和表面微观形态改变,为临床使用提供依据.方法:将3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)及GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)分别在人工唾液中浸泡30 d,冷热循环15000次,烘干测重,比较前后质量变化,计算溶解率,并用扫描电镜观察表面微观改变.结果:不同剂型的玻璃离子水门汀溶解率由高到低分别为3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型).3种玻璃离子水门汀经浸泡溶解后,SEM扫描表面微观形态可观察到GE玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)表面形态改变较少,其他2组玻璃离子水门汀表面微观改变较多.结论:双糊剂型玻璃离子水门汀理化性能及溶解率均低于传统水粉剂型,是未来临床修复治疗的的良好选择.     

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.     

《口腔医学》杂志2007年度有关信息的分析

目的通过对《口腔医学》2007年全年文献的回顾和分析,了解我国口腔临床医学的研究现状。方法阅读2007年《口腔医学》全年的文献,对各种信息进行了分类汇总,根据设计类型对临床一次性文献进行了分类,并对其中的试验性研究文章进行质量分析。结果《口腔医学》2007年全年的一次性文献274篇,基础和临床文献分别为108和166篇,以临床文献为主(60.58%)。在临床研究文献中,属于观察性、分析性和试验性的文献分别为97、9和60篇,观察性文献所占比例为36.14%,高于以往的报道。60篇观察性文献中,全都设有对照;统计方法应用得当者44篇;真正做到随机、盲法的分别只有4和2篇。结论我国口腔临床方面的研究水平近年来提高明显,但设计的科学性方面有待提高。     

口腔医学专业本科毕业生就业现状的调查分析和教育思考

目的研究口腔医学专业的教学如何面向市场,推出令用人单位满意的人才。方法采用问卷调查的方法对浙江省内有代表性的19家包含口腔医疗服务单位进行了调查,同时进行大学生就业心态调查问卷调查。结果医学生的就业心态出现多元化;毕业生不再一味追求高学历,更多的人选择了先就业后进修的道路。大多数用人单位着眼于提高医务人员的服务水平和质量,对毕业生的综合素质有了更高的要求。结论学校要尽力拓宽毕学生的就业渠道,提供更多的就业信息,树立面向基层的观念。     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

正常青年Monson球面半径的测量研究

目的测量正常青年Monson球面半径。方法选择60名(男30名,女30名)正常青年制取全口印模,应用立体摄影成像的原理与方法对Monson球面半径进行测量和统计学处理。结果Monson球面的半径平均为10.173 cm,大于理论值10.160 cm,差异有显著性(P<0.01);男、女性球面半径差异无显著性。结论本实验所得到的数据可作为全口义齿修复中记录颌位关系的一个参量。     

两种牙科切削陶瓷材料可切削性的比较

目的　对作者研制的一种新型含钙云母玻璃陶瓷PMC Ⅰ型陶瓷的可切削性能与VitaMKⅡ陶瓷进行定量比较 ,探讨PMC Ⅰ型陶瓷强度与其可切削性的关系。方法　采用钻孔实验方法 ,测定A、B、C、D4组不同晶化处理的PMC Ⅰ型陶瓷及VitaMKⅡ陶瓷材料 60 0s的钻孔深度 ,同时测定4组PMC Ⅰ型陶瓷的 3点抗弯强度。结果　VitaMKⅡ的钻孔深度为 0 71mm ;4组PMC Ⅰ型陶瓷的钻孔深度分别为 0 88mm、1 40mm、0 40mm和 0 90mm。其中 ,B组样品与其余组别及VitaMKⅡ陶瓷的差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5)。 4组PMC Ⅰ型陶瓷的 3点抗弯强度分别为 1 37 7、2 1 0 2、1 1 8 0和 1 0 6 0MPa。结论　新型PMC Ⅰ型切削陶瓷的可切削性已能够满足临床要求     

口底癌34例临床分析

目的探讨口底癌的临床特性、治疗方法及预后。方法对我院自1992—2002年住院治疗的34例口底癌患者进行回顾性分析。结果34例口底癌患者中,男28例(82.4%),女6例(17.6%),男女比为4.7∶1,平均发病年龄58岁。发病部位:前口底22例(64.7%),后口底12例(35.3%)。淋巴结转移率41.2%。单纯手术组、化疗加手术组、放疗加手术组、化疗加手术加放疗组的5年生存率分别为45.5%、60.0%、50.0%、62.5%。结论口底癌以中老年患者好发,男性居多。易发生淋巴结转移,综合疗法疗效较好。     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.