高血压、水肿、蛋白尿、贫血

正1病历摘要患者,女,58岁。主因间断口干3年,头痛、双下肢水肿1月余于2015年4月9日入我院内分泌科。患者3年前无明显诱因出现口干,空腹血糖升高(具体不详),尿酮体阳性,诊断为2型糖尿病。皮下注射胰岛素治疗,监测空腹血糖波动于5~6 mmol/L之间。入院前1月出现头部胀痛、双下肢肿胀,精神差,嗜睡。于当地医院就诊,血压170/90 mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa);肝功能化验提示低蛋白血     

发热、肌痛、反应迟钝、便血、血尿

患者,女,65岁。主因双下肢疼痛、麻木1个月,反应迟钝1周于2008年8月21日住我院神经内科。患者于入院前1个月无明显诱因出现双下肢乏力,小腿疼痛,影响日常活动,以卧床为主,未给予治疗;入院前1周前出现精神淡漠,反应迟钝,伴有纳差,恶心,呕吐少量胃内容物,当时测体温37．8℃,无腹痛、偏瘫及语言障碍,睡眠尚可,就诊于神经科。既往高血压病史5年,长期服用尼莫地平20mg,每日3次,入院前半年出现听力下降,未予检查和治疗,无心脏病、糖尿病、结核及精神病史,无服药史。     

发热、咳嗽、咯血、声嘶

病历摘要（第一部分） 患者男性,22岁,因＂发热、咳嗽、咳痰1月余,加重10 d＂于2011年6月27日入住本院. 病史 患者2011年5月4日无明显诱因出现午后发热,体温39℃,伴畏寒寒战、咳嗽、咳少量白黏痰,无乏力、盗汗、咯血、胸闷、心悸.外院先后予头孢美唑、莫西沙星及阿奇霉素治疗后体温可降至37.5℃左右,改服中药,仍间断发热,体温38℃.     

关节痛、发热、咳嗽、昏迷

病历摘要男性，６５岁，１９９７年８月２０日入院。入院前７天无诱因出现咽痛、乏力、周身酸痛，１天前感畏寒、发热，体温３９．２℃，伴干咳。门诊血常规：白细胞１０．８×１０９／Ｌ，中性０．７５。Ｘ线胸透心肺未见异常，以“上呼吸道感染”收住院。既往史：曾患急...     

咯血、乏力、心慌、气短

病历摘要 患者男,40 岁,农民.因"反复咯血、乏力30 多年,心慌、气短10 多年,加重半个月伴双下肢水肿"于2008 年9 月22 日入院.患者30 多年前出现咯血,此后反复发作,以痰中带血为主,也有整口咯血,最多时一次咯血约100 ml.无低热、盗汗、纳差等.同时感乏力,体力不如同龄儿童,尤其在跑步等活动时更为明显,这种感觉逐年缓慢加重.曾在当地医院就诊,诊断"肺结核"服用利福平、吡嗪酰胺、异烟肼、乙胺丁醇治疗,服药持续时间约半年,疗效欠佳,仍有断续咯血.4 个月前咯血加重,在当地医院就诊,结核抗体阴性,痰中未找到抗酸杆菌,结核菌素试验阴性.诊断为"肺结核复发",又给予利福平、吡嗪酰胺、异烟肼、乙胺丁醇口服治疗,疗效仍然欠佳,咯血当时曾经使用过安络血等止血剂,似乎有效,但不确切.因为都是咯血当时的短暂用药,以后的咯血还是出现.     

嗜睡、面色苍白、贫血、腹胀

1　病历摘要患儿 ,男 ,4ｄ。因拒乳 ,嗜睡 ,面色苍白 1ｄ于 2 0 0 1年 12月2日入院。患儿第二胎第一产 ,其母孕足月 ,4ｄ前在当地出生 ,生后轻度窒息 ,第 2ｄ喂母乳 ,吸乳尚好 ,无呕吐及吐鲜血 ,无鲜血便及尿血。入院前 1ｄ出现拒乳、嗜睡、面色苍白、呼吸增快 ,不发热 ,无抽搐 ,小便量减少。在当地未予治疗。父母及其姐体格健康。无家庭性传染病及遗传病史。入院体检 :体温不升 ,脉搏 12 3次 /ｍｉｎ ,呼吸 74次 /ｍｉｎ ,血压 60 /4 5ｍｍＨｇ(1ｍｍＨｇ =0 .13 3ｋＰａ) ,体重 3 2ｋｇ ,重度贫血貌 ,反应差 ,嗜睡状 ,呼吸急促 ,全身皮肤…     

面色苍白、乏力、发热、黄疸、脾大

<正>患者,男,32岁。因面白、乏力2年于2003年12月23日就诊于我院。患者于2001年出现面色苍白、乏力伴小便黄、巩膜黄染,无发热,就诊于浙江省某中医院,查血常规:白细胞(WBC)4.3×109/L,血红蛋白(Hb)93g/L,血小板(PLT)272×109/L,总胆红     

贫血、咳嗽、咯血、气促

1病历摘要 女,15岁.因发热20余天,咳嗽、咯血、气促2 d,于2006年8月8日入院.20余天前无明显诱因出现发热,当时未测体温,无规律性,伴头痛;无畏寒、鼻塞、流涕、咽痛、咳嗽、咳痰、胸闷、气促,无尿频、尿急、尿痛,无腹痛、恶心、呕吐;曾在当地诊所给予抗炎治疗(具体药物不详)未见好转.     

发热、咳嗽、结膜充血、血尿、白蛋白降低

病例摘要患者男 ,5 0岁。因畏寒、发热、咳嗽伴结膜充血 2 0d ,于2 0 0 0年 5月 18日入院。 2 0d前不明原因出现畏寒、发热 ,发热以白天明显 ,体温 38～ 39℃ ,咳嗽以刺激性干咳为主 ,阵发性发作 ,较剧。偶见少量白色稀痰 ,无黄色脓痰、咯血及胸闷、气促等症状 ,伴左胸痛 ,剧咳时有恶心、呕吐 ,无腹痛、腹泻 ,尿频、尿痛 ,左眼结膜充血明显伴疼痛。当地医院给予青霉素、先锋霉素 (用量不详 )静滴 ,治疗半月余 ,症状无改善 ,故来本院。入院查体 :T 38.1℃ ,P 80次 /min ,R 2 0次 /min ,BP 12 0 /80mmHg(1mmHg =0 .133kPa) ;一般情况良…     

腹痛、抽搐、意识障碍、低钠血症

1.病历摘要 患者,女,24岁,汉族,未婚,学生,主因间断抽搐伴意识不清5天,于2013年1月5日00：10急诊入住我院神经内科。既往1个月余前曾患＂感冒＂输液治疗后好转,8天前外出就餐后出现腹胀,间断脐周疼痛,就诊于当地医院,诊断为＂肠梗阻＂,给予灌肠治疗,引流出少量稀粪,腹痛无明显缓解。否认其他病史。     

Doing more with less and less with more

The "devil is in the details" of any policy response. What forms such changes may take, and what research informs them, are critical to the profession as a whole and to practitioners on a daily basis. Research partnerships between home care agencies and university professors may provide rigorous, systematic, and validated findings necessary for meaningful solutions (Plotkin & Roche, 2000). The evidence of a dialogue between nursing researchers, home healthcare practitioners, and policymakers anticipating impacts on practice of changing fiscal and information-gathering requirements is scant. Such issues are in need a priority discussion by agencies, and collaborative investigative efforts between all involved.     

Communicating with clients and colleagues with hearing loss

Abstract:

Aside from elderly relatives, some of us may have never had any direct personal experience with a person who is deaf or hard of hearing, and so may be unfamiliar with how to effectively communicate with these people. This can make for a very awkward, frustrating and possibly embarrassing experience for both parties. This author is a wearer of hearing aids herself, and would like to share some information on hearing loss and tips on effective communication with a person with hearing loss.     

Mindfulness and Coping with Dysphoric Mood: Contrasts with Rumination and Distraction

Past research has shown that rumination exacerbates dysphoric mood whereas distraction attenuates it. This research examined whether the practice of mindfulness meditation could reduce dysphoric mood even more effectively than distraction. A dysphoric mood was induced in 139 female and 38 male participants who were then randomly assigned to a rumination, distraction, or meditation condition. As predicted, participants instructed to meditate reported significantly lower levels of negative mood than those in either of the two other conditions. Distraction was associated with a lessening of dysphoric mood when compared to rumination but was not as effective as mindfulness meditation. The implications of these findings are discussed.     

Special problems with children and adolescents with diabetes.

Treatment of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1) is different in many ways than it is for adults. Physical, cognitive, and emotional development changes affect therapeutic goals and modalities. Neonatal, early childhood, school-age, and adolescent patients all have unique needs. Further, diabetes can affect psychosocial maturation and the likelihood of difficulties with mood.     

Interaction of peptidoglycans with anti-IgGs and with complement.

This report describes the interaction of peptidoglycan (Streptococcus group A, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Micrococcus lysodeikticus) with 2 serum mediator systems, namely with the anti-IgG system and with complement. The observation that the majority of rabbits hyperimmunized with A-variant streptococcal vaccine produced anti-group carbohydrate antisera containing anti-IgGs and antibodies directed to peptidoglycan suggested that the production of these 2 latter antibodies was related. This view was supported by the finding of a monoclonal 7S anti-IgG with antibody specificity for the pentapeptide of peptidoglycan as evidenced by inhibition of the coprecipitation of 7S anti-IgG with antigen-antibody complexes by the pentapeptide. Inhibition of the anti-idiotype reaction by the pentapeptide provided further evidence for the antibody specificity of 7S anti-IgG for peptidoglycan. When added to normal human sera all peptidoglycan preparations inhibited the hemolytic activity of the sera. Consumption of C3 in C2 deficient serum and consumption of C2 in normal serum indicated the activation of both known complement pathways. Activation of the classical pathway of complement was more efficient since 50 mug of peptidoglycan consumed approximately 70% of C2 per ml normal serum whereas more than 2 mg of the same preparations was required to inactivate 17-24% of C3 in C2 deficient sera. Each of the different peptidoglycan preparations consumed similar amounts of complement in all 20 sera tested. This finding suggested that activation of the classical complement pathway by peptidoglycan was not mediated by anti-peptidoglycan antibodies present in only 20-40% of normal human sera.     

Expanded timed up and go test with subjects with stroke: reliability and comparisons with matched healthy controls

Faria CD, Teixeira-Salmela LF, Silva EB, Nadeau S. Expanded Timed Up and Go test with subjects with stroke: reliability and comparisons with matched healthy controls.ObjectivesTo investigate the intra- and interrater reliabilities of the Expanded Timed Up and Go (ETUG) test with subjects with stroke and to compare the ETUG scores between subjects with stroke and healthy control subjects.DesignCross-sectional.SettingResearch laboratory.ParticipantsStroke participants (n=48; mean age ± SD, 59.29±15.84y) and healthy controls (n=48), matched by age, sex, and levels of physical activity.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresThe time spent to complete the ETUG in absolute (s) and ratio values regarding the percentages of the total time. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), Student t tests, and 95% confidence intervals were employed to investigate the reliability and differences between the groups (α<.05).ResultsBoth intra- and interrater reliabilities showed significant and excellent results for both groups for the absolute values (0.86≤ICC≤1.00; P<.001) and ratio values (0.55≤ICC≤0.99; P<.001). The mean time, in seconds, for all of the ETUG activities was higher for the subjects with stroke than for the control subjects (3.15≤t≤5.78; P<.001). However, when the comparisons considered the ratio values, no significant differences between the groups were found (0.45≤t≤1.15; 0.25≤P≤0.65). These results were confirmed by the 95% confidence interval.ConclusionsSubjects with stroke spent more time in all of the ETUG activities when compared with control subjects. All of the activities appeared to contribute similarly to the poorer performances observed in subjects with stroke, because the ratio values were similar between the groups. Considering the positive intra- and interrater reliability results, the ETUG could be applied to assess the functional mobility of both groups.     

Hemosuccus pancreaticus: diagnosis with CT and MRI and treatment with transcatheter embolization

We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with a presyncopal episode followed by melena. A sentinel clot sign in the pancreatic duct on precontrast computed tomography and the presence of a splenic artery aneurysm on postcontrast computed tomography strongly suggested a fistula between the aneurysm and the duct, as visualized by magnetic resonance imaging. The patient was treated successfully by complete embolization of the splenic artery aneurysm. Received: 25 January 2000/Accepted: 21 February 2001