1260例公务员超重肥胖及其与高血脂的相关性分析

目的：了解四川省直机关省厅级公务员超重、肥胖的现状,探讨体重指数、腰围与血脂的关系。方法：2008年对四川省直机关省厅级公务员取样调查1260人测身高,体重,腰围（WC）,血脂,计算体重指数（BMI）,并对男女各组间胆固醇、甘油三酯进行统计学分析。结果：四川省直机关省厅级公务员的男女肥胖率分别为9.1%、7.7%,超重率分别为45.3%、27.8%,肥胖组及超重组甘油三酯明显高于正常组,多元回归分析结果显示男女性甘油三酯与BMI、WC均有明显相关性（P〈0.01）。结论：防治高血脂,控制肥胖及腹型肥胖甚为重要,体重指数、腰围的控制也为防治高血脂的基本措施之一。     

湛江市企业职工高血压及肥胖检出情况调查分析

目的:调查湛江市企业职工高血压及超重、肥胖的流行特征。方法:抽取湛江市3 610名在某医院进行体检的企业职工作为调查对象,分析企业职工高血压检出率、超重及肥胖检出率。结果:湛江市企业职工高血压总检出率为22.5%,男女职工差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),高血压程度均以1级高血压为主;超重检出率为36.2%,肥胖检出率为9.5%,男女职工体重指数(BMI)构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);企业职工高血压检出率随BMI指数水平的增高呈上升趋势明显(P<0.01)。结论:湛江市企业职工高血压及超重、肥胖检出率均处于较高水平,高血压检出率随BMI指数水平升高而呈上升趋势,应广泛开展预防和控制肥胖的健康促进活动,预防超重和肥胖,维持正常体重。     

无原发性高血压的成年肥胖男性血压昼夜节律改变及相关因素分析

目的 探讨无原发性高血压的成年肥胖男性血压昼夜节律改变及相关因素.方法 行体检无高血压的成年肥胖男性(腰围≥90 cm)48例,分别测量身高、体重、腰围(WC),检测空腹血糖(FPG)、血甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及尿酸(UA)含量,并行动态血压监测.结果 非杓型血压检出率为54.2%.非杓型组BMI、WC、TG及UA均高于杓型组(P均＜0.01).非杓型组24 h平均收缩压[(130.9±7.8)mm Hg]和平均舒张压[(82.5±7.0)mm Hg]均高于杓型组[分别为(123.8±8.3)、(77.1±7.8)mm Hg](P均＜0.05);夜间平均收缩压[(125.3±7.5)m Hg],平均舒张压[(77.7±8.8)mm Hg],收缩压负荷[75.0%(57.5～90.3)%]及舒张压负荷[33.0%(9.0～71.0)%]均高于杓型组[(105.1±5.5)mm Hg、(64.6±6.0)mm Hg、12.0%(0.0～20.0)%及0.0(0.0～12.0)%](P均＜0.01).行多元线性回归显示,WC(β=-0.364,P=0.001)和TG(β=-0.451,P=0.011)为影响夜间收缩压下降百分率的独立危险因素;WC(β=-0.459,P=0.000)、年龄(β=-0.403,P=0.002)和UA(β=-0.025,P=0.016)为影响夜间舒张压下降百分率的独立危险因素.结论 腰围影响无原发性高血压的成年男性血压的昼夜节律,控制腹型肥胖对预防高血压有重要的意义.     

老年人体重指数与高血压、高血脂、脂肪肝患病率的关系及护理

目的:探讨中老年人体重指数与高血压、高血脂、脂肪肝的关系,为健康教育提供可靠依据,降低高血压、高血脂、脂肪肝的患病率,提高生活质量.方法:统计2013-2015在我院进行健康体检的中老年人的体检资料,按体重指数(BMI)分为三组:正常体重组、超重组、肥胖组进行分析.结果:肥胖组、超重组TC、TG、LDL均高于正常组,肥胖组与正常组比较收缩压与舒张压均明显升高,超重组较正常组血压值高,BIM与脂肪肝的发生率呈正相关.     

2250例中青年健康体检者超重和肥胖与高血压和高同型半胱氨酸血症发生率相关性的研究

目的：通过观察中青年健康体检者体质量指数（BMI）、血压及血清同型半胱氨酸（HCY）水平,探讨中青年健康体检者超重和肥胖与高血压和高同型半胱氨酸血症的发生率相关性。方法选择2250例健康查体的中青年,计算BMI、监测血压及检测血清HCY（采用循环酶法）水平,根据分组情况进行统计学分析。结果2250例中青年中,超重和肥胖的检出率为44.49%,其中超重32.71%、肥胖11.78%;男性超重和或肥胖的检出率分别显著高于女性（P〈0.01）。高血压及高HCY血症的检出率分别为17.11%和9.82%;其中超重和肥胖者人群高血压和高HCY血症的检出率分别为27.77%（278/1001）和19.38%（194/1001）,分别显著高于正常组（P〈0.01）;超重组、肥胖组分别显著高于正常组（P〈0.01）;肥胖组也显著高于超重组（P〈0.01）。血压（收缩压、舒张压）及血清HCY水平与BMI值呈显著正相关（r=0.639、0.515、0.497,P〈0.01）,其相关性良好。结论该地区的中青年尤其是男性超半数存在超重或肥胖,高血压及高HCY血症与BMI相关,超重和肥胖者高血压及高HCY血症的发生率高,应积极防治高血压及高HCY血症。     

新会地区高考青少年高血压患病率状况及其相关因素分析

目的探讨新会地区高考青少年高血压患病率状况及其相关因素。方法 2012年4月对新会地区12所中学参加高考的6259名16～21岁青少年进行身高、体重、血压身体检查,了解高考青少年高血压患病率及其相关影响因素。结果本次共检出高血压558名,占8.9%;男、女体质指数(body mass index,BMI)分别与收缩压(systolic pressure,SP)及舒张压(diastolicpressure,DP)呈正相关(均P<0.01);在超重和肥胖组,男性高血压分别为16.2%和21.0%,明显高于一般体重组的8.5%;女性高血压分别为11.6%和22.4%,明显高于一般体重组的7.1%(均P<0.01);logistic多因素回归分析显示,BMI、城镇生是高血压的危险因子。结论新会地区16～21岁参加高考青少年高血压患病率较高。高血压患病率与BMI呈正相关,超重和肥胖者患高血压危险性可能增加;城镇考生较农村考生更易患高血压。     

中老年高血压体检人群体重指数与血脂、脂肪肝的相关分析及护理

目的探讨中老年健康体检人群的体重指数与血脂、血压及脂肪肝的关系,为健康教育提供可靠依据,降低高血脂、高血压及脂肪肝的患病率,从而降低心脑血管事件的发生。方法统计2006~2008年在我院进行健康体检的中老年人高血压群体检资料,并进行回顾性分析。对参检人群的身高、体重、血压、心电图及空腹12 h的晨抽血生化、尿常规检查、空腹上腹部B超等的检查结果进行统计。按体重指数(BMI)分为三组:正常体重组、超重组、肥胖组进行分析。结果肥胖组、超重组TC、TG、LDL均高于正常组,差异有显著性意义(P0.05);肥胖组与正常组、超重组比较收缩压及舒张压均明显升高,超重组较正常组血压高值;BMI与脂肪肝的发生率呈正相关,差异有显著性意义(P0.01)。结论肥胖者应减轻体重,使BMI降至正常范围,对控制高血脂、高血压、脂肪肝等的发生发展,降低心脑血管事件的发生有重要意义。     

中老年人1656例身高、体重、体重指数与血压的关系

目的：研究中老年人的身高、体重、体重指数(BMI)与血压的关系。方法：对1656例35岁以上来院就诊及健康查体的身高、体重、BMI对血压的影响进行了探讨,将基线BMI按<20、20～25、>25kg／m^2分为低体重、正常体重和肥胖进行了分析。结果：男女性肥胖患病率分别为19.22％与23.13％,女性明显高于男性(P<0.05);收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)水平和高血压患病率与BMI呈正相关关系。结论：控制体重对预防高血压有重要意义。肥胖率上升的原因与膳食结构、饮食习惯及妇女更年期有关。     

首钢水钢员工体质量指数、腰围与血压、高血压患病率的关系

目的 探讨首钢水钢员工体质量指数(body mass index,BMI),腰围与血压、高血压患病率的关系.方法 对2496名首钢水钢员工采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法进行调查.同时对2496名首钢水钢员工进行体格检查,包括:测量血压(SBP、DBP)、身高、体质量及腰围.结果 2496名员工中,BMI(23.18±3.34)kg · m-2,超重与肥胖占38.22%(954/2 496),腹型肥胖占36.26% (905/2 496),腰围(80.37±10.02)cm.男性BMI为<18,≥ 18～<24,≥24～<28,≥28 kg·m-2高血压患病率均明显高于女性(P<0.05),男性腰围为<75,)75～<85,≥85 cm高血压患病率均明显高于女性(P<0.05).男性BMI<24 kg·m-2,腰围<85 cm,BMI<24 kg·m-2、腰围≥85 cm,BMI 24～27.9 kg " m-z、腰围<85 cm,BMI 24～27.9 kg·M-2,腰围)85 cm,BMI>,28 kg·M-2,腰围≥85 cm高血压患病率均明显高于女性BMI< 24 kg·m-2,腰围<80 cm,BMI< 24 kg·M-2,腰围≥80 cm,BMI24～27.9 kg·M-2,腰围<80 cm,BMI 24～27.9 kg·m-2,腰围≥80 cm,BMI>,28 kg·m-2、腰围≥80 cm(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论 首钢水钢员工中男性高血压患病率显著高于女性,控制BMI和腰围有利于高血压的防控.     

动机性访谈对高龄高血压患者体重及血压达标率的影响

目的探讨动机性访谈对高龄高血压患者体重及血压达标率的影响。方法选取我院收治高龄高血压患者60例,随机分为两组,每组30例,分别为对照组(常规干预)及试验组(动机性访谈),比较两组干预前后血压及体重变化,并比较两组血压达标率。结果干预3个月后,两组收缩压、舒张压、体质量、腰围较干预前显著下降(P 0.05);干预3个月后,试验组收缩压、舒张压试验组、体质指数及腰围均低于对照组(P 0.05)。试验组血压达标率(90.00%)高于对照组(76.67%)(P 0.05)。结论动机性访谈应用于高龄高血压患者,能够帮助其控制体重及血压,值得推广。     

中青年肥胖对高血压亚型患病率和同型半胱氨酸水平影响的研究

目的探讨中青年超重和肥胖对高血压各亚型患病率的影响。方法选取2012年9月在我院进行体检的某单位职工为研究对象,分析其中具有完整身高、体重、血压测量资料和生化指标且未服用降压药物的共计300名研究对象的结果。比较中青年超重和肥胖对高血压各亚型患病率和血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平的影响。结果该单位员工的超重和肥胖率分别达到35%和10.33%,男性更高,30~49岁间是超重和肥胖的患病高峰。随着BMI水平增加,男性和女性的收缩压、舒张压均值和血Hcy水平逐渐升高,在超重和肥胖组中,血压的性别差异消失。肥胖组血Hcy的性别差异消失。该单位员工总体高血压患病率为16%,在超重和肥胖组中分别达到20%和45.16%,收缩期和舒张期联合高血压（SDH）和单纯舒张期高血压（IDH）患病率高于单纯收缩期高血压（ISH）。30~49岁的中青年人群高血压亚型以SDH和IDH为主。2/3以上的超重或肥胖合并SDH或IDH是分布在中青年人群。37.5%和42.85%的30~49岁肥胖者合并高Hcy血症。结论超重和肥胖人群中血压和同型半胱氨酸的性别差异消失,高血压亚型以SDH和IDH为主,大多数的超重或肥胖合并SDH或IDH发生在30~49岁的中青年,应重点针对这部分人群开展综合健康促进措施防治高血压和高同型半胱氨酸血症。     

新疆喀什市维吾尔族成年人超重和肥胖的状况调查

【目的】探讨喀什市维吾尔族成年人超重和肥胖的情况,并分析不同体质量指数（bodynhg．ssindex,BMI）与血糖、胰岛素抵抗、血压、血脂的关系。【方法】调查喀什市2个社区维吾尔族年龄20～93岁的居民8586名,进行体格测量和实验室测定相关指标,分别以年龄、性别分层统计分析超重和肥胖流行病学情况,分析不同体重指数与血糖、血压、血脂的关系。【结果】喀什市维吾尔族成年居民超重现患率50．94％（4374／8586）,肥胖现患率为46．91％（4028／8586）。男性分别为48．63％和44．52％;女性分别为53．68％和49．77％;35岁以上年龄组女性超重肥胖现患率高于男性（Pd0．01）。超重和肥胖现患率随年龄增长呈增长趋势。随BMI增加,收缩压、舒张压增高,差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）：喀什市维吾尔族成年居民的每天膳食特点为高热量,平均（13．36士5．62）MJ／d和高脂肪,平均脂肪热量比41．06％。【结论】喀什市维吾尔族成年人中超重和肥胖病现患率高,中、老年人与36～60岁女性的超舌与肥胖聊．惠率高．热量括入高．膳仓结柏不合理．     

Increase in body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio is associated with high blood pressure in children and adolescents in China

This study compared the association between blood pressure (BP) and obesity in 1145 Chinese children and adolescents (608 males, 537 females) using data from the 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey. Obesity was diagnosed by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Analysis of variance was used to analyse the difference in BP among different subgroups. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated and multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out. The prevalence of high systolic and diastolic BP increased directly with corresponding increments in BMI, WC and WHtR, although the prevalence and OR of high BP were higher when increased BMI was combined with WC (OR 3.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.79, 6.41) or WHtR (OR 3.28; 95% CI 1.71, 6.30). In conclusion, increased BMI, WC and WHtR were directly associated with high BP in Chinese children and adolescents.     

北京地区人群体重指数、性别及年龄对血压的影响

目的 探讨北京地区非体力劳动者人群体重指数(BMI)、性别和年龄对血压的影响.方法 对2008年我院体检人群[共14 237例,男9548例(67.06%),女4689例(32.94%);年龄18.0～93.0岁,平均(49.8±10.2)岁]进行流行病学调查,采用Epidata 3.1软件建立数据库,使用SPSS 12.0统计软件包对数据进行分析.结果 调查人群BMI(22.30±3.08)kg/m2.不论男性还是女性,收缩压及舒张压均随BMI增加而逐渐升高.年龄<60.0岁组,男性高血压患病率明显高于女性[男:24.28%(1662/6844),女:13.77%(493/3581),P=0.000];年龄1>60.0岁组,男性与女性患病率差异无统计学意义(P=0.268).以BMI<18.0 ks/m~2作为对照组,BMI 18.0～23.9 ks/m~2,24.O～27.9 kg/m~2 和≥28.0 kg/m~2组,男性高血压患病风险(OR值)分别为1.709(95%CI:0.920～3.173),3.154(95%CI:1.703～5.839)和5.125(95%CI:2.805～9.696);女,巨高血压患病风险分别为1.988(95%CI:1.033～3.824),5.703(95%CI:2.962～10.982和14.358(95%CI:7.334-28.106).结论 BMI与高血压患病明显相关.有效预防和控制超重和肥胖等高血压发病危险因素,是我国目前亟待解决的公共卫生问题.     

正常人群血浆脂肪源性因子水平与体质量的相关性

目的 探讨正常人群血浆脂肪源性因子水平与体质量的相关性.方法 将80名健康志愿者根据2012年世界卫生组织制定的肥胖诊断标准分为超重/肥胖组（41名）和正常体质量组（39名）,分别检测空腹血浆脂肪源性因子、血压水平及体质量指数.结果 超重/肥胖组血浆脂肪源性因子水平、收缩压、舒张压及体质量指数均显著高于正常体质量组（P＜0.01）.偏相关分析显示,血浆脂肪源性因子与体质量指数呈正相关（r=0.253,P＜0.05）.结论 体质量指数增高可能是引起血清脂肪源性因子水平升高的主要因素.     

Relationships between Body Mass Index and Social Support,Physical Activity,and Eating Habits in African American University Students

PurposeWe aimed to examine the relationships between obesity and the level of social support for healthy behaviors, amount of physical activity (PA), and dietary habits in African Americans.MethodsThe subjects were 412 university students who visited a health promotion center at North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, USA between September 1, 2009 and April 30, 2010. We administered a social support survey, the National Institutes of Health Fruit, Vegetable, and Fat Screener, the Paffenbarger PA Questionnaire, and measures of body mass index, waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression analyses.ResultsResults showed that men in the overweight group had WC and systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurements associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and below average PA; those in the obese group had WC, SBP, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measurements associated with CVD risk and below average PA. Women in the overweight group had WC and SBP measurements associated with CVD risk, and those in the obesity group had WC, SBP, and DBP measurements associated with CVD risk and below average PA. Logistic regression analysis showed that increasing PA by 1,000 kcal/week decreased the prevalence of obesity by 9.3% in men and 9.0% in women.ConclusionThus, low PA was a significant risk factor for obesity among African Americans. However, the level of social support and consumption of fruits, vegetables, and fat were not found to be significant risk factors in this study.     

丽水市中学生体质量指数与高血压的现状及相关性分析

目的了解中学生体质量指数和高血压现状，并探讨两者的相关性。方法测量丽水市市区3所中学2893名12～18岁中学生的体质量、身高和血压，使用相关分析了解体质量指数和高血压的相关性。结果2893名中学生，高血压者142人，检出率为4．91％。正常体质量者高血压检出率为3．41％，超重者为7．73％，肥胖者为10．45％，3者间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。调查对象体质量指数与其收缩压、舒张压的相关分析显示：均存在正相关（r值分别为0．204和0．192，P〈0．01）。结论中学生高血压检出率随体质量指数增加而明显增加，应加强对中学生体质量的控制，加强学校和家长的社区健康教育，以减少高血压的发生。     

Blood pressure level profiles among children and adolescents with various types of obesity: study in a large population in Shandong,China

Background

It is well known that obesity is a key determinant of elevated blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. The present study compared the BP levels among children and adolescents with various types of obesity in a large population in China.

Methods

A total of 38,822 students (19,456 boys and 19,366 girls) aged 7–17 years participated in this study. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), and BP of all subjects were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. General obesity was assessed by BMI and central obesity by WC. All obese subjects were classified into three types: general obesity only, central obesity only and combined obesity. Relatively high BP status was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥95th percentile for age and gender.

Results

The overall prevalences of general obesity only, central obesity only and combined obesity were 10.38, 9.61 and 10.77 % for boys and 5.46, 11.41 and 5.44 % for girls, respectively. In both boys and girls, significant differences in BP level and the prevalence of relatively high BP were observed among the three types of obesity (P < 0.05); combined obesity group had the highest BP levels and prevalence of relatively high BP.

Conclusion

Children and adolescents with both general and central obesity might have an increased risk of elevated BP than those with isolated types of obesity. Our results suggest that the combined measurement of BMI and WC as a screening tool for high BP among children and adolescents.     

Clinical and psychological responses to synbiotic supplementation in obese or overweight adults: A randomized clinical trial

BackgroundObesity is highly prevalent worldwide. Emerging clinical studies suggest that pre- and pro- biotic formulations may be effective interventions for the management of obesity and associated metabolic complications. The current trial was conducted to assess the effect of synbiotic supplementation on anthropometric indices, glycemic and lipid profile, blood pressure, and psychological status of adults with overweight or obesity.MethodsThis randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 60 adults with overweight or obesity. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups to receive either synbiotics (n = 30) in form of a 500 mg capsule (containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium bifidum plus inulin) or placebo (n = 30) for 8 weeks. The level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FPG), insulin, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), stress, anxiety, and depression were measured at the baseline and end of the study.ResultsIn total, 59 subjects (39 men and 20 women) completed the present study. A significant between-group decrease in body weight (P = 0.03), TC (P = 0.01), TG (P = 0.02), LDL-C (P = 0.01), stress (P < 0.001), anxiety (P = 0.03), and depression (P = 0.03) was found in the synbiotic group compared to the placebo. However, synbiotics had no significant effect on HDL-C, SBP, DBP, FPG and fasting insulin concentrations, as well the BMI and WC (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe present study showed that synbiotic supplementation can confer a number of health benefits including improvements in TG, TC, LDL-C, body weight, stress, anxiety, and depression to subjects that are overweight or obesity.Trial registrationIranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20180201038585N3.