患者身份识别管理在妇科门诊手术室的应用

目的：探讨患者身份识别管理在妇科门诊手术室的应用效果。方法：对2011年12月～2012年11月妇科门诊手术室的患者进行身份识别管理,采用手腕识别带和手术安全核查表对患者进行有效的身份识别。结果：妇科门诊手术室采用手腕识别带和手术安全核查表对患者进行身份识别管理1年的时间,未发生身份识别错误及手术错误。结论：对妇科门诊手术室患者进行身份识别管理能提高医务人员对患者身份识别的准确性,是妇科门诊手术安全管理的有效措施。     

双重身份识别在儿科住院患者护理安全管理中的应用

目的 评价双重身份识别在儿科住院患者护理安全管理中的应用效果.方法 回顾性分析本科2011年11月~2013年3月住院患儿在执行各项治疗和护理操作时使用双重身份识别对住院患儿进行身份识别,即以患儿姓名和住院号作为患儿有效的识别标志,统计因身份识别不当原因所致护理差错.结果 使用双重身份识别后未发生患者身份识别错误,与未使用双重身份识别发生患者身份识别护理差错发生率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 双重身份识别方法能提高护理人员识别住院患儿身份正确性,确保住院患儿安全,减少护理差错发生,值得在临床护理中推广使用.     

生物传感器识别元件的种类及其在临床检验中的研究进展

摘要：识别元件是生物传感器的重要组成部分，参与特异性识别和捕获目标分析物，与传感器的选择性能密切相关。经典的识别元件主要是从生物体内分离出的酶、抗体等，或生物体本身如细胞、组织等作为识别元素，而新型识别元件多是在实验室合成的适配体、分子印迹聚合物(MIP)、亲合体等人工识别元素。根据不同识别元件的特性，已经研制出多种适用于临床检验的生物传感器。该文综述了识别元件的种类及其在临床检验中的应用研究进展。     

患者身份和标本识别的准确性

患者身份识别和标本识别的准确性是临床实验室全面质量管理中要求的重要内容。为了提高识别过程的准确性,查阅美国临床和实验室标准化研究院和美国检验医学质量学会等相关文件,就临床工作中识别准确性关键过程进行讨论,并提出改进方案。规范识别程序,加强所有医护人员对患者身份识别准确性的重视,对于减少医疗差错和保障患者安全是非常重要的。     

产科护士应对危重症识别判断能力的培训及效果观察

目的:探讨产科护士应对危重症识别判断能力的培训方法及效果。方法:成立产科危重症识别判断能力考核小组,对20名产科护士进行产科急救程序、产科危重症识别判断能力理论知识、产科危重症识别判断能力情景模拟等培训,每月进行考核、评价。结果:培训后产科护士危重症识别判断理论、急救及综合能力均较培训前提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:产科危重症识别判断能力的培训可以增强早期识别判断能力,提高护士、医生、孕产妇满意度。     

护士识别和管理脑卒中病人吞咽障碍能力的研究进展

从脑卒中病人吞咽障碍识别和管理的重要性、识别和管理能力的核心内容、培养方式以及影响因素等方面对护士识别和管理脑卒中病人吞咽障碍能力的研究进展进行了综述。     

基于遗传算法优化BP神经网络在心电图身份识别中的应用

背景:近年来的医学研究表明心电图具有稳定性和惟一性,且易于采集,不能仿造和复制,符合用于身份识别的生物特征所具备的条件.心电图身份识别技术具有重要的现实意义和广泛的应用前景.目的:观察基于遗传算法优化的BP神经网络在心电图身份识别中的应用效果.方法;将基于遗传算法优化的BP神经网络用于心电图身份识别.首先,采用小波技术消除噪声干扰并提取II导联P波、QRS波、T波特征点;其次,选择包含个体身份信息的幅值、间期特征作为输入向量,设计BP神经网络分类器;然后,采用遗传算法对BP网络的权值和阈值进行优化,实现身份识别;最后采用临床数据榆验该方法的有效性.结果与结论:以30个人为实验样本,平均识别准确率达到96.3%.提示基于遗传算法优化的BP神经网络身份识别算法识别准确率高,可以有效应用于心电图身份识别.     

三方监控身份识别流程在新生儿监护室中应用效果

目的探讨三方监控身份识别流程在改进新生儿监护室中的应用效果。方法本科自2016年1月在新生儿监护室实施身份识别改进措施,执行三方监控身份识别操作流程,比较流程改进前后新生儿身份识别的安全性和护理质量。结果三方监控身份识别后,新生儿腕带缺失、信息错项与改进前比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);家属对护理的满意度高于改进前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论三方监控身份识别措施改进能够有效提高新生儿身份识别的安全性和护理质量,改善家属的佩戴腕带的安全性、责任性和护理满意度。     

功能性构音障碍患儿语音均衡式识别能力评估

目的:评估功能性构音障碍(FAD)患儿的语音均衡式识别能力,为其发病机制研究提供新的依据。方法:FAD患者68例(FAD组),另选择健康体检正常儿童50例为对照组。采用儿童语音均衡式识别能力评估表(孙喜斌词表)对2组进行声母和韵母识别能力评估。结果:FAD组患儿声母及韵母识别能力均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且中重度FAD患儿声母韵母识别能力均明显低于轻度FAD患儿(P<0.05)。结论:FAD患儿语音均衡式识别能力明显落后于正常儿童,语音均衡式识别能力落后可能是FAD的病因之一。     

身份腕带在急诊科中的应用

总结了身份腕带在急诊科中的应用情况,包括完善急诊、重症、手术室、产房等关键环节的患者身份识别措施,建立"腕带"识别制度,作为实施操作、用药、输血等诊疗活动识别病人的有效手段,认为身份腕带的使用可以有效地提高医务人员对病人识别的准确性,值得临床推广使用.     

Clinical Trial Updates and Hotline Sessions presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2007

This article provides information and commentaries on trials which were presented at the Hotline and Clinical Trial Update Sessions at the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2007 in Vienna. The key presentations were performed by leading experts in the field with relevant positions in the trials or registries. It is important to note that unpublished reports should be considered as preliminary data, as the analysis may change in the final publications. The comprehensive summaries have been generated from the oral presentation and the webcasts of the European Society of Cardiology and should provide the readers with the most comprehensive information of relevant publications.     

Towards an acoustic model-based poroelastic imaging method: I. Theoretical foundation

The ultrasonic measurement and imaging of tissue elasticity is currently under wide investigation and development as a clinical tool for the assessment of a broad range of diseases, but little account in this field has yet been taken of the fact that soft tissue is porous and contains mobile fluid. The ability to squeeze fluid out of tissue may have implications for conventional elasticity imaging, and may present opportunities for new investigative tools. When a homogeneous, isotropic, fluid-saturated poroelastic material with a linearly elastic solid phase and incompressible solid and fluid constituents is subjected to stress, the behaviour of the induced internal strain field is influenced by three material constants: the Young's modulus (E(s)) and Poisson's ratio (nu(s)) of the solid matrix and the permeability (k) of the solid matrix to the pore fluid. New analytical expressions were derived and used to model the time-dependent behaviour of the strain field inside simulated homogeneous cylindrical samples of such a poroelastic material undergoing sustained unconfined compression. A model-based reconstruction technique was developed to produce images of parameters related to the poroelastic material constants (E(s), nu(s), k) from a comparison of the measured and predicted time-dependent spatially varying radial strain. Tests of the method using simulated noisy strain data showed that it is capable of producing three unique parametric images: an image of the Poisson's ratio of the solid matrix, an image of the axial strain (which was not time-dependent subsequent to the application of the compression) and an image representing the product of the aggregate modulus E(s)(1-nu(s))/(1+nu(s))(1-2nu(s)) of the solid matrix and the permeability of the solid matrix to the pore fluid. The analytical expressions were further used to numerically validate a finite element model and to clarify previous work on poroelastography.     

Quasi-quantum model of potentization

Analytical time-dependent functions describing the change of the concentration of the solvent S(t) and the homeopathic active substance A(t) during decimal and centesimal dilution are derived. The function S(t) is a special case of the West-Brown-Enquist curve describing ontogenic growth, the increase in concentration of the solvent during potentization resembles the growth of biological systems. It is demonstrated that the macroscopic S(t) function is the ground state solution of the microscopic non-local Horodecki-Feinberg equation for the time-dependent Hulthèn potential at the critical screening. In consequence potentization belongs to the class of quasi-quantum phenomena playing an important role both in biological systems and homeopathy. A comparison of the results predicted by the model proposed with the results of experiments on delayed luminescence of a homeopathic medicine is made.     

Prise en charge des entorses externes de cheville : étude clinique préliminaire sur l’efficacité du dispositif Myolux™

Ankle sprains are the most common injury of the musculoskeletal system and are associated with significant societal and economic impacts. It has been proven that classical therapeutic strategies may not be effective in preventing recurrent injuries: the recurrence rates reported in the literature can reach 73%. In order to provide an effective rehabilitation solution, a destabilizing orthosis was developed. This device is equipped with a mechanical articulator reproducing the subtalar mechanics and placed under the heel. In this paper, we present the main results of a preliminary clinical study conducted between 2004 and 2007. All subjects included in this study were treated with the abovementioned orthosis during 10 rehabilitation sessions of 30 minutes each. Data show a relatively low recurrence rate of 12% for the overall population. Moreover, it's of primary importance to note that this satisfactory ratio is largely reduced (3% of recurrence rate) for the 29 patients who performed one training session per month after the 10th initial rehabilitation sessions. Hence, the destabilizing orthosis appears to be an effective solution to prevent recurrent ankle sprains. However, joint protection requires long-term and regular training sessions. This result has motivated the development of a similar device allowing patients to perform training sessions at home. Finally, data obtained in this study are promising awaiting the final results of the comparative, multicentric and independent clinical trials currently managed by the Hospices Civils de Lyon.     

Phase and amplitude fluctuations in the propagation of acoustic waves in lossless inhomogeneous continua with velocity, density and bulk modulus variations

Discussions of the phase and amplitude fluctuations of waves travelling through inhomogeneous media have previously considered only fluctuations caused by the variation of sound velocity in the medium, density variations being ignored since in water and air they can be shown to be small. In biological tissues this assumption cannot be made, and this paper derives the fluctuation dependence on velocity and density variations of characteristic dimension large compared to the wavelength.Previous discussions have shown a more appropriate formulation to be that of the fluctuation dependence on bulk modulus and density variations and this analysis is presented for the first time. The form of the solutions is shown to be simplified for extreme values of the wave parameter, but formulae for comparison with experiment require the specification of the analytical form of the correlation coefficients of the parameter variations.The fluctuations for correlation coefficients of the form exp (−r²/a²) are evaluated both for the general case, and for extreme values of the wave parameter.It is found that the density variations contribute to the fluctuations only insofar as they are cross-correlated with the velocity fluctuations (for velocity and density variations); while the amplitude fluctuations, for small values of the wave parameter and the specific form of correlation coefficients used, are independent of frequency.     

The nonstationary strain filter in elastography: Part II. Lateral and elevational decorrelation

The nonstationary evolution of the strain filter due to lateral and elevational motion of the tissue scatterers across the ultrasound beam is analyzed for the 1-D cross-correlation-based strain estimator. The effective correlation coefficient that includes the contributions due to lateral and elevational signal decorrelation is used to derate the upper bound of the signal-to-noise ratio in the elastogram (SNR_e) predicted by the ideal strain filter. In the case of an elastically homogeneous target, if the transducer is on the axis of symmetry of such target in the elevational direction, the motion of the scatterers out the imaging plane is minimized. In addition, the ultrasound beam along the elevational direction is broader, allowing scatterers to stay longer within the beam during tissue compression. Under these conditions, lateral signal decorrelation becomes the primary contributor to the nonstationary behavior of the strain filter. Both the elastographic SNR_e and the dynamic range are reduced, with an increase in lateral decorrelation. Finite element simulations and phantom experiments are presented in this paper to corroborate the theoretical strain filter. The nonstationary behavior of the strain filter is reduced by confining the tissue in the lateral direction (minimizing motion of tissue scatterers), thereby improving the quality of the elastogram.     

喹硫平对精神分裂症阴阳性症状和社会功能康复的影响

目的探讨喹硫平对精神分裂症患者阴、阳性症状和社会功能康复的影响。方法将100例精神分裂症患者随机分为两组,每组50例,研究组口服喹硫平治疗,对照组口服舒必利治疗,观察8周。于治疗前及治疗第1周、4周、8周末、出院1月末采用简明精神病量表、阴性症状量表、阳性症状量表评定精神症状,于治疗前和出院1月末采用社会功能缺陷筛选量表评定社会功能缺陷状况。结果治疗后两组简明精神病量表、阴性症状量表、阳性症状量表评分均较治疗前有显著下降（P〈0．01）;治疗第1周末,研究组各量表评分均较对照组下降显著（P〈0．05或0．01）,其他时段评分两组均无显著性差异（P均〉0．05）。两组出院1月末社会功能缺陷筛选量表总分及各因子分均较治疗前有显著下降;研究组总分及职业功能、社会活动、家庭活动、生活能力因子分均较对照组下降更显著（P〈0．05或0．01）。结论喹硫平治疗精神分裂症疗效显著且与舒必利相当,但喹硫平起效更快,对社会功能缺陷的改善显著优于舒必利。     

孕产妇分娩前后心身健康状况调查

目的 探讨孕产妇分娩前后心身健康状况,为临床干预提供依据.方法 对100名孕产妇产前、产后1周、4周、12周末采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评定焦虑抑郁状况,于产前、产后1周末检测血清雌二醇和孕酮水平.结果 入组被试产后焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表评分随着时间的延续均呈持续性下降(...     

La fracture simultanée de Bennett et du trapèze chez un pilote de karting (à propos d’un cas et revue de la littérature)

Simultaneous trapezium and Bennett's fractures is rare. The authors report an observation of a professional kart pilot analyzed in the light of the literature. This lesion is likely to compromise the function of thumb if the treatment is not adapted. Osteosynthesis by screw is the only guarantor of an anatomical and stable reduction of metacarpal-trapezium joint. The results of the cases published are encouraging but are not conclusive compared to the occurrence of the arthritis in the long-term follow-up.     

Transversus Abdominis Block: Clinical Uses,Side Effects,and Future Perspectives

Poorly controlled acute pain during the postoperative setting after abdominal surgery can be detrimental to the patient. Current pain management practices for the postoperative abdominal surgery patient rely heavily on opioids, which are associated with many unwanted side effects. Recently, interest surrounding regional anesthesia has been growing owing to its demonstrated efficacy and safety outcomes. More specifically, the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block procedure has attracted attention owing to its ability to successfully block peripheral pain signaling in the abdomen, its ease of use, few complications, and its greater acceptability. A majority of the studies published has demonstrated the successful reduction in pain in many abdominal surgical procedures using local anesthetics during the TAP block. However, the short duration of the pain block causes the patient to still rely on other analgesics throughout the additional postoperative days. Preliminary studies using continuous infusion catheters placed in the TAP has been one of the ways to prolong the nerve block in the abdomen; however, technical and operational issues currently limit the widespread adoption of this method. In this review, current studies will be presented and summarized to update the field on the potential benefits of the TAP block procedure, in addition to providing insight into the future direction of the drugs that could be used for TAP block.