姜黄素衍生物T83对同源不同辐射抗性鼻咽癌细胞凋亡的作用

 目的：比较4-芳甲叉类姜黄素衍生物T83对同源不同辐射抗性鼻咽癌细胞凋亡的作用差异。方法：采用MTT法、Hoechst 33342染色法、流式细胞术、Western blotting和qRT-PCR 检测和比较T83对CNE-2R和CNE-2细胞活力、细胞凋亡及线粒体膜电位、细胞procaspase-3/procaspase-9/Cyt-C蛋白表达和细胞PTEN/Akt/p27 mRNA水平的影响。结果：T83可抑制CNE-2R细胞的活性（24 h、48 h和72 h的IC50分别为0.9、0.4和0.2 μmol/L）,其抑制作用明显优于对CNE-2细胞的作用（24 h、48 h和72 h的IC50分别为1.8、0.5和0.4 μmol/L;P＜0.05）;T83作用48 h后,CNE-2R和CNE-2细胞中均观察到染色质浓缩、边集和分割成块状;T83作用48 h后,CNE-2R细胞晚期凋亡率升高（1.57%→27.26%）,明显高于CNE-2细胞（1.74%→8.15%;P＜0.05）;T83作用36 h后,CNE-2R细胞线粒体膜电位下降百分率（87.71%）明显高于CNE-2细胞（50.47%;P＜0.05）;T83作用48 h后,CNE-2R细胞中procaspase-3和procaspase-9蛋白表达明显低于CNE-2细胞,CNE-2R中Cyt-C蛋白表达明显高于CNE-2细胞。T83作用24 h后,PTEN和p27 mRNA水平明显上调,而Akt mRNA水平明显下调（P＜0.05）,且CNE-2R细胞的变化更加显著。结论：与CNE-2细胞相比,T83能更加明显地抑制PTEN/Akt/p27信号转导通路,启动线粒体凋亡途径,加速诱导CNE-2R细胞凋亡。     

microRNA98靶向N-RAS对鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞增殖与迁移的影响

目的探讨miR-98对鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞增殖与迁移的影响及可能机制。方法利用脂质体介导的miR-98模拟物或阴性对照转染鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞,并通过实时定量PCR进行验证。MTT实验检测CNE-1细胞增殖能力的变化,划痕实验检测CNE-1迁移能力变化,采用生物信息学软件预测N-RAS是否为miR-98潜在的靶基因,并以双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证。Western blot检测miR-98过表达后CNE-1细胞N-RAS蛋白的表达变化以及下游ERK、p-ERK、AKT、p-AKT的表达变化。结果 MiR-98过表达能抑制鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞的体外增殖与迁移能力;生物信息学软件分析结果显示N-RAS是miR-98的靶基因之一,双荧光素酶报告基因证实N-RAS为miR-98的下游靶基因。miR-98过表达后,CNE-1细胞中N-RAS表达下调,ERK与Akt蛋白的表达水平不变,但pERK与p-Akt蛋白的表达水平下调。结论 miR-98通过靶向调控N-RAS抑制鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞增殖与迁移。     

卵巢癌细胞系C-JUN激活蛋白-1与P27kip1表达的相关性

目的 探讨c-Jun激活区结合蛋白-1（Jab1）与p27kip1在卵巢癌细胞株HO-8910中的表达变化及相互关系。 方法 用血清饥饿及饥饿后释放处理HO-8910细胞,分别用Western blot及核浆分离技术检测Jab1 、p27kip1表达及亚细胞定位;用免疫沉淀方法检测Jab1与p27kip1的结合情况;脂质体介导法将Jab1基因转染HO-8910细胞,Western blot及核浆分离检测p27kip1表达。结果 血清饥饿导致HO-8910细胞生长周期停滞,p27kip1蛋白总量增加,且主要集中于胞核分布;Jab1蛋白总量减少,主要表达于核浆;血清释放后两者呈现相反的表达变化,但是p27kip1主要集中在胞质分布;p27kip1与Jab1在HO-8910细胞中存在相互结合的情况。脂质体转染Jab1后,p27kip1表达下降且定位有明显的胞质改变。结论 Jab1可能通过与p27kip1结合来介导p27kip1出核并影响其表达,从而参与调控HO-8910细胞的生长。     

稳定表达鼻咽癌来源潜伏膜蛋白1基因的鼻咽癌细胞系的建立

目的:建立稳定表达鼻咽癌(NPC)来源潜伏膜蛋白1(LMP1)的鼻咽癌细胞系。方法:利用基因重组技术构建NPC来源LMP1的一般性真核表达载体及上皮特异性表达载体,并将其转染鼻咽癌细胞系CNE-2,用PCR、RT-PCR及蛋白印迹等检测N-LMP1在CNE-2中的整合和表达。结果:①成功构建了N-LMP1的一般性和上皮特异性表达载体。②N-LMP1基因在CNE-2细胞中获得了正确表达。结论:成功建立了稳定表达NPC来源LMP1的鼻咽癌细胞系,为进一步研究LMP1在鼻咽癌细胞中的作用机制奠定基础。     

miR-342靶向LGR5对鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞增殖与侵袭的影响

目的探讨miR-342对鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞增殖与侵袭的影响及可能机制。方法利用脂质体介导的miR-342模拟物或阴性对照转染鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞,并通过实时定量PCR进行验证。通过MTT实验检测CNE-1细胞增殖能力的变化,Transwell实验检测CNE-1侵袭能力变化,采用生物信息学软件预测LGR5是否为miR-342潜在的靶基因,并以双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证。Western blot检测miR-342过表达后CNE-1细胞LGR5蛋白的表达变化以及下游β-catenin、Ascl2和C-myc的表达。结果 MiR-342过表达能抑制鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞的体外增殖与侵袭能力;生物信息学软件分析结果显示LGR5是miR-342的靶基因之一,双荧光素酶报告基因证实LGR5为miR-342的下游靶基因。miR-342过表达后,CNE-1细胞中LGR5以及下游β-catenin、Ascl2和Cmyc蛋白表达下调。结论 miR-342通过靶向调控LGR5抑制鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞增殖与侵袭。     

相同遗传背景不同辐射抗拒鼻咽癌细胞miRNA差异表达的研究

目的:在验证相同遗传背景鼻咽癌(NPC)细胞CNE-2R和CNE-2不同辐射抗拒性的基础上,探索微小RNA(miRNA)在CNE-2R和CNE-2中的表达差异与肿瘤辐射抗拒的关系。方法:通过观察X线照射对CNE-2R和CNE-2细胞克隆形成数目的影响,利用SigmaPlot软件进行分析及线性二次模型拟合存活曲线,比较CNE-2R和CNE-2细胞剂量存活曲线及其生物学参数;采用μParafloTM微流体芯片检测,用激光扫描仪(GenePix 4000B, Molecular Device)采集杂交图像,经LOWESS滤器规范信号后分析数据差异,根据Targetscan311数据库资料(http://www.targetscan.org),预测CNE-2R和CNE-2细胞miRNA差异表达与NPC不同辐射抗拒的关系。结果:发现在CNE-2R和CNE-2细胞中存在miRNA的差异表达,即与CNE-2细胞比,在检测到的719个miRNA中,CNE-2R细胞中有37个上调,29个下调,其中检测量的绝对值≥2 000 且两者相差≥2倍的miRNA共12个：hsa-miR-200b、hsa-miR-224、hsa-miR-26b、hsa-miR-125a-5p、hsa-miR-205、hsa-let-7e、hsa-let-7g、hsa-miR-19b、hsa-miR-24、hsa-miR-103、hsa-miR-106b和hsa-miR-93。分析结果表明显著差异表达的miRNA与辐射抗拒密切相关。结论:相同遗传背景不同辐射抗拒NPC细胞株CNE-2R和CNE-2细胞的miRNA表达存在差异;差异表达的miRNA与辐射抗拒相关。     

Lnc RNA-XIST对鼻咽癌细胞CNE-1增殖、侵袭的影响

目的研究Lnc RNA-XIST对鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭的影响。方法选择对数生长期的鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞,采用脂质体转染法进行XIST、si-XIST瞬时转染,通过实时荧光定量PCR技术确认Lnc RNA-XIST在细胞中表达水平,分别采用CCK8、平板克隆检测Lnc RNA-XIST转染后CNE-1细胞增殖能力的变化,Western blot法检测CNE-1细胞中Notch1的蛋白含量,侵袭小室实验检测侵袭能力的变化。结果鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞转染XIST后,si-XIST组CNE-1细胞内的Lnc RNA-XIST mRNA表达降低,XIST组CNE-1细胞内的Lnc RNA-XIST mRNA表达升高。与对照组相比,Lnc RNA-XIST高表达显著增加肿瘤细胞的增殖能力,激活Notch1通路,显著增加肿瘤细胞的侵袭能力(P0.05)。结论 Lnc RNA-XIST通过激活Notch1通路显著增加鼻咽癌CNE-1细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭能力。     

鼻咽癌中p27kip1表达及其与临床病理特征相关研究

目的 检测p27kip1蛋白在鼻咽癌中的表达,分析其与临床病理特征的关系.方法 收集60例手术活检切取的鼻咽癌组织蜡块,与30例非肿瘤鼻咽组织石蜡标本作比较.应用免疫组织化学技术检测鼻咽癌组织中p27kip1蛋白的表达,回顾性研究鼻咽癌患者的临床病理特征.结果 p27ksp1蛋白在鼻咽癌细胞核和细胞质中均有表达.鼻咽癌组织中细胞核表达阳性率为46.7%(28/60),低于非肿瘤鼻咽组织细胞核表达的90%(27/30),P＜0.01;而在细胞质中阳性率为68.3%(41/60),显著高于非肿瘤鼻咽组织的细胞质表达的20%(6/30),P＜0.01.未发现p27kip1蛋白在细胞核和细胞质表达与鼻咽癌原发灶的范围和局部侵犯程度有关,但p27kip1蛋白胞核表达与淋巴结转移、远处转移和TNM临床分期有关;细胞质表达仅与淋巴结转移和TNM临床分期有关,可见p27kip1蛋白胞核表达与临床病理的关系更为密切.结论 与非肿瘤鼻咽组织相比,p27kip1蛋白为细胞核低表达、细胞质高表达.鼻咽癌中p27kip1蛋白存在不同于非肿瘤鼻咽组织的错误的核质定位,其在细胞核中表达的减少或丢失可能与鼻咽癌的恶性发展有关,提示p27kip1蛋白的异常表达和定位可能涉及鼻咽癌的分期和转移.     

整合素β1介导鼻咽癌放射抗拒

目的探讨整合素β1在鼻咽癌放射治疗的作用和机制。方法通过分析两个鼻咽癌表达芯片,比较整合素β1在鼻咽癌组织和非鼻咽癌组织中的表达水平差异;通过Real-time PCR,比较整合素β1在31例鼻咽癌组织和10例非鼻咽癌组织中的表达水平差异;通过分析基因表达芯片,比较鼻咽癌放射敏感细胞株CNE2和放射抗拒细胞株CNE2R中,整合素β1的表达水平;应用逆转录病毒感染鼻咽癌放射治疗抗拒细胞株CNE2R,构建两株整合素β1干扰表达细胞株;应用流式细胞分析技术,检测干扰后整合素β1表达水平;应用不同放射剂量X射线照射细胞株,通过克隆形成实验、γ-H2AX染色以及细胞周期实验,检测整合素β1干扰前后,放射抗拒细胞株CNE2R放射敏感性的变化。结果与非鼻咽癌组织相比较,鼻咽癌组织中整合素β1高表达;与鼻咽癌放射敏感细胞株相比较,鼻咽癌放射抗拒细胞中整合素β1高表达;在鼻咽癌放射抗拒细胞株中,干扰整合素β1表达后,可以有效降低放射治疗存活分数,减弱细胞DNA损伤修复。结论整合素β1介导鼻咽癌放射抗拒。     

X线电离辐射诱导人鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞发生上皮-间充质转化及其潜在机制

目的:探讨X线电离辐射诱导鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞发生上皮-间充质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)及其可能的信号通路。方法:分别采用0 Gy、2 Gy、4 Gy和8 Gy的X线照射鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞,通过倒置显微镜观察照射24 h后细胞形态的改变;应用细胞划痕实验和Transwell实验观察细胞迁移和侵袭能力的变化;分别采用real-time PCR和Western blot法检测EMT相关蛋白E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、N-钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)和波形蛋白(vimentin)mRNA及蛋白水平的变化,并采用Western blot法检测Akt和p-Akt蛋白水平的变化。结果:经X线照射后鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞呈典型的"鹅卵石"样或纺锤形,且伸出伪足,细胞间隙增大,细胞的侵袭和迁移能力增强(P0.01);real-time PCR和Western blot法检测结果显示,与未照射组相比,各照射组细胞中E-cadherin mRNA和蛋白的表达水平均显著下调(P0.01),而N-cadherin和vimentin mRNA和蛋白的表达水平明显上调(P0.05);PI3K/Akt信号通路中p-Akt蛋白的水平显著升高(P0.01),而Akt的表达无明显变化。结论:X线电离辐射能够诱导鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞发生EMT,其机制可能与PI3K/Akt信号通路的激活有关。     

Reversal effect of GnT-V on the radioresistance of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by alteration β1, 6-GlcNAc branched N-glycans

Radiotherapy is the primary treatment for human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), yet radioresistance remains a major obstacle to successful treatment in many cases. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V), which synthesizes β1, 6-GlcNAc branched N-glycans, is closely related to the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. However, a better understanding of the functional role of GnT-V in NPC radioresistance and the related mechanisms is urgently needed. In the present study, a radioresistant NPC cell line, CNE-2R, was established by repeated γ-irradiation. We found that GnT-V levels, as well as β1, 6-GlcNAc branched N-glycans were significantly increased in the CNE-2R cells as compared with that in the parental cells. Meanwhile, knockdown of GnT-V in the CNE-2R cells enhanced cell radiosensitivity and inhibited the formation of β1, 6-branched N-glycans. In addition, the regulated expression of GnT-V in the CNE-2R cells converted the heterogeneous N-glycosylated forms of CD147. Furthermore, swainsonine, an inhibitor of N-glycan biosynthesis, was also able to reverse the radioresistance of the CNE-2R cells. Taken together, the present study revealed a novel mechanism of GnT-V as a regulator of radioresistance in NPC cells, which may be useful for fully understanding the biological role of N-glycans in NPC radioresistance.     

T63增强放疗诱导的鼻咽癌细胞凋亡和G2/M期阻滞

 目的： 探讨姜黄素衍生物T63在鼻咽癌CNE-2和CNE-2R细胞中的抗癌作用。方法： 采用MTT法、集落形成实验和流式细胞术检测单独放疗组、药物处理组和放疗药物联合作用组对CNE-2和CNE-2R细胞增殖能力、细胞凋亡和细胞周期的影响,并比较其差异。结果： T63可有效抑制CNE-2和CNE-2R细胞的活性和增殖;T63或电离辐射（IR）均可单独诱导CNE-2和CNE-2R细胞的凋亡和G2/M期阻滞;与T63或IR单独作用组比,T63与IR联合作用诱导细胞凋亡和G2/M期阻滞更明显（P<0.05）。结论： T63通过增加放疗诱导的细胞凋亡和G2/M期阻滞而逆转CNE-2R细胞辐射抗性,提示T63具有放疗增敏的潜在价值。     

Sp1 is over-expressed in nasopharyngeal cancer and is a poor prognostic indicator for patients receiving radiotherapy

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a tumor of epithelial origin with complex etiology. Currently the standard treatment of NPC is radiotherapy, but therapy failure is quite common, making radioresistance an important issue. This study explores the association of specificity protein 1 (Sp1) protein expression with clinicopathological significance and disease prognosis in NPC patients receiving radiotherapy. A total of 82 NPC patients (55 males and 27 females, median age: 48 years old) were enrolled and received radiotherapy between September 2011 and March 2014. Tumor tissue and grossly adjacent normal mucosa were obtained in each patient. Sp1 expression was detected by western blot and immunohistochemical analysis, and the associations with clinicopathological status and radiotherapy response were analyzed. Our Results showed Sp1 protein expression was higher in CNE-1 and CNE-2 nasopharyngeal cancer cells than in normal nasopharyngeal mucosal NP69 cells. All 82 patients’ tissue sections were stained positive for the Sp1 protein, and 39 (47.6%) patients showed higher level than adjacent normal mucosa. Sp1-overexpression in the tumor tissue was correlated with a higher tumor stage, nodal status, clinical stage and distant metastasis (P < 0.01). Patients with higher Sp1 expression in pretreatment biopsies had a lower radiotherapy response compared to those with lower expression. In conclusion, Sp1 may play roles in radioresistance of nasopharyngeal cancer which attributes to tumor invasiveness, and serve as a novel prognostic marker of NPC radiotherapy. However, further studies are required to validate our findings in larger samples and explore more detailed mechanisms underlying radioresistance of Sp1.     

肝细胞生长因子/c-Met系统在鼻咽癌中的表达及意义

目的　探讨肝细胞生长因子(HGF)及其受体c- Met蛋白在鼻咽癌组织中的表达水平,研究HGF/c- Met系统对鼻咽癌细胞侵袭转移的影响。方法　收集1999—2003年期间45例确诊的鼻咽原发癌活检组织标本,采用免疫组织化学(LSAB)法检测鼻咽癌组织中HGF α亚单位和c- Met的表达,并与患者的病理及临床资料相联系。采用流式细胞术检测鼻咽癌细胞株CNE- 2在HGF刺激前后c- Met阳性癌细胞百分率的改变;蛋白印迹法和逆转录PCR法分别用于检测癌细胞株c -Met蛋白表达和mRNA表达的变化。结果　在45例鼻咽原发癌组织中,癌细胞c- Met的阳性表达率为91. 1% (41 /45),但仅有1例鼻咽癌细胞表达HGF( 2 .2%, 1 /45 )。HGF主要在鼻咽癌间质中的淋巴细胞表达。癌细胞c Met的表达水平与淋巴结转移有关(P=0 .024 ),且与淋巴细胞表达HGF呈正相关(rs=0 .450,P=0 .002)。癌细胞c Met表达量在间质淋巴细胞高表达HGF的病例中明显高于淋巴细胞低表达HGF的癌组织(P=0 .009)。但癌细胞c Met的表达与患者性别、年龄、病理组织学分型以及临床分期均未显示相关性。鼻咽癌细胞株CNE 2在HGF诱导24h后,c Met阳性的癌细胞比例即有明显增加,由(46 .6±9 .02)%增加至(85. 8±6. 05)% (P=0 .003 ),癌细胞c Met蛋白表达相对强度和mRNA表达水平均有显著提高,     

Clinicopathological significance of expression of Tspan-1, Jab1 and p27 in human hepatocellular carcinoma

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Tspan-1, Jab1 and p27 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their clinicopathological significance. The expression of Tspan-1, Jab1 and p27 was detected in HCC tissues, the tissues around cancer (76 cases), and the normal tissues around the liver hemangiomas (10 cases). The overexpression of Tspan-1 and Jab1 was found in HCC tissues, positively correlated with clinical stage and negatively correlated with survival rate. The expression of p27 was found inversely linked to which of Tspan-1 and Jab1. In conclusion, the expression of Tspan-1, Jab1 and p27 is significantly associated with development of HCC. Overexpression of Tspan-1 and Jab1 suggests poor prognosis but overexpression of p27 may expect good prognosis for patients with HCC.     

Tolfenamic Acid Inhibits the Proliferation,Migration, and Invasion of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Involvement of p38-Mediated Down-Regulation of Slug

PurposeTolfenamic acid (TA), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is known to exhibit antitumor effects in various cancers apart from nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). NPC exhibits high invasiveness, as well as metastatic potential, and patients continue to suffer from residual, recurrent, or metastatic disease even after chemoradiation therapy. Therefore, new treatment strategies are needed for NPC. In this study, we investigated the efficacy and molecular mechanisms of TA in NPC treatment.ResultsTreatment with TA suppressed the migration and invasion of HNE1 and HONE1 cells. Hepatocyte growth factor enhanced the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of NPC cells. This enhancement was successfully inhibited by TA treatment. Treatment with TA increased phosphorylation of p38, and the inhibition of p38 with SB203580 reversed the cytotoxic, anti-invasive, and anti-migratory effects of TA treatment in NPC cell lines. Moreover, inhibition of p38 also reversed the decrease in expression of Slug that was induced by TA treatment.ConclusionIn conclusion, the activation of p38 plays a role in mediating TA-induced cytotoxicity and inhibition of invasion and migration via down-regulation of Slug.