血清胃蛋白酶原及胃泌素在胃部疾病中的表达及意义

目的检测血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ(PGⅡ)、PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值及胃泌素-17(G-17),探讨血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值变化及G-17与不同胃黏膜疾病的关系。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法定量测定414例不同胃黏膜疾病患者的血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ和G-17水平,并计算PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值(PGR),对其进行统计学分析。结果 (1)PGⅠ水平比较:慢性萎缩性胃炎组、胃癌组的PGⅠ水平均显著低于胃溃疡组和慢性非萎缩性胃炎组(P0.05);(2)PGⅡ水平比较:慢性萎缩性胃炎组、慢性非萎缩性胃炎组、胃癌组PGⅡ水平均显著低于胃溃疡组(P0.05);(3)PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值比较:慢性萎缩性胃炎组、慢性非萎缩性胃炎组的PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值均显著高于胃溃疡组(P0.05);而胃癌组显著低于胃溃疡组(P0.05);(4)G-17水平比较:慢性萎缩性胃炎组、慢性非萎缩性胃炎组均显著高于胃溃疡组和胃癌组(P0.05)。结论血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值、G-17水平的变化与胃黏膜病变密切相关,对胃部疾病的诊断及筛查具有重要的临床意义。     

胃蛋白酶原联合智能染色内镜对早期胃癌的诊断

[目的]探讨以时间分辨荧光免疫法测定血清胃蛋白酶原PG Ⅰ、PGⅡ以及PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ比值作为第一步筛查手段,联合智能染色内镜(i-Scan)筛查早期胃癌的诊断价值.[方法]入选患者在知情同意前提下随机行胃蛋白酶原检测,发现异常者,即行i-Scan检查,可疑病灶应用i-Scan引导的“靶向活检”,依据病理结果明确病变性质.根据胃镜检查及病理学结果,将受检者分为7组:胃溃疡组29例,慢性萎缩胃炎组50例,慢性浅表性胃炎组88例,早期胃癌组8例,进展期胃癌组22例,胃手术组19例,健康体检者46例为对照组.根据文献报道的胃良性病变的PG Ⅰ、PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ比值参考值范围,比较各组PG Ⅰ、PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ的变化.[结果]胃溃疡组患者血清PG Ⅰ及PGⅡ比对照组升高,PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ比值降低(P＜0.05).慢性浅表性胃炎组较对照组PG Ⅰ下降,PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ比值降低.早期胃癌组、进展期胃癌组血清PG Ⅰ及PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ比值较对照组及慢性浅表性胃炎组均显著降低(P＜0.05),早期胃癌组与进展期胃癌组相比PG Ⅰ及PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ比值均差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).胃手术组PGⅠ值较对照组降低,PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ值降低(P＜0.05).与慢性浅表性胃炎组、对照组比较,萎缩性胃炎组、早期胃癌组、进展期胃癌组PG Ⅰ ＜60μg/L和PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ比值≤6患者出现概率增高(P＜0.05).[结论]血清PG Ⅰ、PGⅡ值及比值下降与胃癌早期发生密切相关.时间分辨荧光免疫分析法测定血清PG可作为人群胃癌的普查手段,无创,简便;胃蛋白酶原联合i Scan可提高胃癌早期诊断率.     

血清胃蛋白酶原诊断胃癌的临床价值

目的 探讨血清胃蛋白酶原（PG）诊断胃癌的临床价值.方法 选择非萎缩性胃炎患者36例（非萎缩性胃炎组）、胃溃疡患者39例（胃溃疡组）、萎缩性胃炎患者31例（萎缩性胃炎组）及胃癌患者42例（胃癌组）,采用胶乳增强免疫比浊法检测其血清PG Ⅰ、PGⅡ水平,计算PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ（PGR）.结果 非萎缩性胃炎组、胃溃疡组、萎缩性胃炎组及胃癌组的血清PG Ⅰ水平及PGR值逐渐降低,以胃癌组降低最明显,显著低于其他三组（P均＜0.01）;胃溃疡组血清PGⅡ水平显著高于其他三组（P均＜0.01）,其他三组血清PGⅡ水平比较差异无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）.以PG Ⅰ＜70 μg/L＋ PGR＜ 3.0为判断界值,其诊断胃癌的敏感性为78.6％、特异性为85.8％.结论 血清PG Ⅰ水平及PGR明显降低可作为胃癌及癌前病变的一项血清学诊断指标.     

血清胃蛋白酶原联合高危人群胃镜检查诊断幽门螺旋杆菌感染相关胃癌的价值

目的探讨评价血清胃蛋白酶原(PG)和幽门螺旋杆菌抗体(Hp-Ig G)联合高危人群胃镜检查能否作为早期胃癌及其癌前病变的筛查指标。方法选取该院消化内科收治的经胃镜检查确诊的上消化道疾病患者419例。在进行胃镜检查前抽取空腹静脉血4 ml,分离血清后于-20℃冰箱内保存。以病理学活检结果将受检者分为正常对照组78例、浅表性胃炎组114例、萎缩性胃炎组125例、胃癌组102例。应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对受检者空腹血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ和血清HP-Ig G抗体进行定量、定性检测。结果 (1)胃癌组和萎缩性胃炎组与正常对照组PG I水平比较。差异显著(P0.05);胃癌组较正常对照组PGⅡ水平差异显著(P0.05);胃癌组和萎缩性胃炎组与正常对照组PGI/PGⅡ(PGR)之间差异显著(P0.05);(2)在除正常对照组外的341例上消化道疾病受检者中,Hp阳性246例(72.14%)、阴性95例(27.86%);(3)在萎缩性胃炎组中PG I、PGⅡ的水平与Hp的阴性和阳性组存在统计学差异(P0.05);(4)PG结果阳性时,Hp阳性检出率明显高于阴性;PG阴性时,Hp阳性率显著高于阴性。结论血清PGⅠ、PGR的变化水平与Hp感染密切相关;结合血清PGⅠ、PGR及Hp-Ig G抗体检查可以作为胃癌的筛查指标。血清胃蛋白酶原联合高危人群胃镜检查对Hp感染相关胃癌的诊断具有重大价值,值得临床推广应用。     

~(13)C-尿素呼气试验、血清胃蛋白酶原在慢性萎缩性胃炎筛查中价值的初探

背景:慢性萎缩性胃炎为胃癌的癌前病变。幽门螺杆菌(Hp)能引起胃黏膜细胞的慢性炎症,促使血液中胃蛋白酶原(PG)含量发生变化,从而反映胃黏膜萎缩状态,为诊断萎缩性胃炎提供依据。~(13)C-尿素呼气试验是一种应用广泛的Hp感染检测方法。目的:探讨~(13)C-尿素呼气试验、血清PG在慢性萎缩性胃炎筛查中的应用价值。方法:选取2016年10月—2017年10月在上海电力医院行胃镜病理检查诊断为慢性胃炎的164例患者,分为慢性萎缩性胃炎组和慢性非萎缩性胃炎组,以病理学结果评估Hp感染情况。比较慢性胃炎Hp阳性和阴性亚组中血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ和PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值(PGR)以及肠化生情况,并评估~(13)C-尿素呼气试验判断Hp感染的准确性。结果:慢性萎缩性胃炎Hp阳性和阴性亚组血清PGⅠ水平和PGR均显著低于慢性非萎缩性胃炎Hp阳性和Hp阴性亚组(P0.05);而PGⅡ水平无明显差异(P0.05)。慢性萎缩性胃炎Hp阳性亚组血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ显著高于Hp阴性亚组(P0.05),PGR显著降低(P0.05),肠化生率显著升高(P0.05)。~(13)C-尿素呼气试验诊断Hp阳性的总体准确率为96.3%,敏感性为96.6%,特异性为96.1%。结论:Hp感染与血清PG含量变化有一定相关性,Hp感染可提高慢性萎缩性胃炎的肠化生率。~(13)C-尿素呼气试验是一种无创、有效的Hp感染检测方法。~(13)C-尿素呼气试验、血清PG检测可为胃癌及其癌前病变的早期诊断和治疗提供有价值的依据。     

胃蛋白酶原和胃泌素筛查胃癌及萎缩性胃炎

目的探讨血清胃蛋白酶原(PG)和胃泌素-17(G-17)与胃癌及萎缩性胃炎的关系,并分析幽门螺杆菌感染、服用抑酸药、年龄及性别等多种因素对血清PG和G-17的影响,建立本地区胃癌及萎缩性胃炎的血清学筛查方法。方法选择2013年2月至2013年8月在我院消化内镜中心行胃镜检查符合入选研究标准的100例患者,根据组织病理学诊断将结果分为3组:对照组28例,萎缩性胃炎组52例,胃癌组20例,以免疫放射测定法和放射免疫法检测血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ和G-17水平。结果与正常对照组比较,萎缩性胃炎组、胃癌组的PGⅠ和PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值(PGR)水平均降低(P0.05),萎缩性胃炎组的G-17水平显著降低(P0.01),胃癌组的G-17水平显著增高(P0.01)。采用Bayes判别法分析多种因素、PG和G-17并建立Bayes判别函数作为筛查胃癌及萎缩性胃炎的血清学方法。结论检测血清PG和G-17可以作为一种无创性的筛查胃癌及萎缩性胃炎的方法,适合大规模人群普查。     

血清胃蛋白酶原、胃泌素-17和幽门螺杆菌IgG抗体筛查萎缩性胃炎和胃癌

背景：目前萎缩性胃炎和胃癌仍需经过胃镜活检组织病理学检查才可确诊。许多研究显示，血清胃蛋白酶原（PG）Ⅰ、PGⅡ、胃泌素-17（G-17）和幽门螺杆菌（Hpylori）IgG抗体可用于筛查慢性萎缩性胃炎和胃癌。目的：评价能否以血清PGI、PGI／PGⅡ比值（PGR）、G-17和H．pytori-IgG抗体检测筛查萎缩性胃炎，并提高胃癌的早期诊断率。方法：胃癌高发区上海经胃镜检查确诊的458例胃十二指肠疾病患者纳入研究。血清学检查前在胃镜下取多处活检，根据组织病理学检查结果将受检者分为5组：正常对照组（包括轻度非萎缩性胃炎）77例，萎缩性胃炎组92例，胃癌组141例，胃溃疡组58例，十二指肠球部溃疡组90例。以酶联免疫吸附测定（EuSA）定量检测受检者空腹血清PGI、PGII和G-17水平。定性分析血清H．pylori—IgG抗体。结果：萎缩性胃炎组和胃癌组的PGI和PGR水平显著降低（P〈0．01）；根据接受者操作特征（ROC）曲线，两者诊断萎缩性胃炎的最佳界值分别为82．30μg/L（敏感性85．9％，特异性75．1％）和6．05（敏感性78．3％，特异性71．6％）。萎缩性胃炎组的PGI、PGR和G-17水平与萎缩部位和（或）程度显著相关（P〈0．01），萎缩性胃体胃炎PGI和PGR水平降低，G-17水平明显升高，萎缩性胃窦胃炎G-17水平降低。胃癌组G-17水平显著升高（P〈0．01），进展期胃癌的PGI和PGR水平较早期胃癌显著降低（P〈0．01），但两者D-17水平差异不明显。正常对照组H．pylori-IgG抗体阳性率为54．5％，阳性者的PGI水平显著高于阴性者（P〈0．01），但两者G-17水平差异不明显。其余4组的H．pylori—IgG抗体阳性率均大于85％。结论：血清PGI、PGR和G．17水平低下分别是胃体和胃窦萎缩的生物学标志，可根据血清PGI和PGR界值进行萎缩性胃炎的筛查。结合血清G-17水平明显升高而PGI、PGR水平明显降低可进行胃癌筛查。H．pylon感染与PG水平的变化有关。     

血清胃蛋白酶原对胃癌普查的价值探讨

目的 验证胃蛋白酶原(PG)对胃癌及萎缩性胃炎的检出率以及在胃癌普查中的应用价值.方法 (1)选择东北、西北、华北三地区胃镜检查中PG阳性的胃癌检出率.(2)选择胃镜活检中取到黏膜肌层,确定浅表、萎缩性胃炎者中PG阳性的检出率.(3)胃癌高发区PG阳性者胃癌检出率及该地区Hp感染率,同时喷碘普查食管癌.结果 (1)东北长春PG阳性的胃癌检出率22.58%,西北西宁为25.2%,华北北京为0.在长春、西宁由PG检查出胃癌的敏感性分别为50.9%、35.6%,特异性为82.56%、85.69%.(2)萎缩性胃炎PG阳性者仅占25%.(3)胃癌高发区共检测PG 2346例,PG阳性率27.02%(634/2346),胃镜精查496例(76.65%),检出胃癌10例,其中早期癌9例.胃癌检出率占普查数的0.43%,在PG阳性者中占1.58%,在胃镜精查者中占2.02%.Hp感染率70.73%,同时发现食管癌2例,其中早癌1例.结论 (1)PG Ⅰ、Ⅱ血清检测,不能作为诊断癌的指标.(2)对萎缩性胃炎阳性率也不高,萎缩性胃炎血清学检测指标尚不足.(3)对高发区胃癌筛查还是有意义的,真正的机理尚待研究提高.该地区Hp感染率极高,提示胃癌高发与此有关.     

血清胃蛋白酶原检测在慢性萎缩性胃炎筛查中的价值

目的探讨血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ/胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ(PGⅠ/PGⅡ)比值(PGR)与慢性萎缩性胃炎的关系,确定其在萎缩性胃炎中的变化规律。方法选择在我院消化科行胃镜检查符合入选研究标准的200例患者,根据组织病理学诊断结果分为慢性非萎缩性胃炎组(135例)和慢性萎缩性胃炎组(65例)。采用化学发光方法定量测定空腹血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ,并计算PGⅠ/PGⅡ比值(PGR)。结果慢性萎缩性胃炎组与非萎缩性胃炎组血清PGⅠ分别为(78.55±15.42)μg/L和(130.51±55.23)μg/L,有显著差异(P<0.05)。PGR分别为4.09±2.15和8.95±5.18,显著差异(P<0.05);以PGⅠ≤70μg/L且PGR≤3.0为界值来计算诊断慢性萎缩性胃炎的敏感性和特异性分别为72.3%和93.3%。结论检测血清PG及PGR可用于慢性萎缩性胃炎的筛查,如有异常,应进一步行胃镜检查以确诊并指导治疗。     

血清胃蛋白酶原对胃癌的诊断价值

目的探讨血清胃蛋白酶原对胃癌的诊断价值。方法收集我院2011年6月-2011年11月经胃镜活检病理诊断浅表性胃炎27例,癌前状态51例,癌前病变8例,胃癌17例,晨起空腹采静脉血3 mL,收集血清,以酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)定量检测血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、PGⅡ水平,计算PGⅠ/PGⅡ(PGR)值。结果在浅表性胃炎、癌前状态、癌前病变、胃癌中血清PGⅠ水平及PGR逐渐降低,而血清PGⅡ水平逐渐升高;血清PGⅠ、PGR在胃癌与浅表性胃炎、癌前状态比较差异有统计学意义,与癌前病变比较差异无统计学意义;血清PGⅡ在胃癌与浅表性胃炎、癌前状态、癌前病变比较差异均有统计学意义;胃癌与癌前疾病ROC曲线下面积PGⅠAUCROC=0.782,PGⅡAUCROC=0.919,PGR AUCROC=0.989,PGⅠ为93.53 g/L时诊断胃癌的敏感性76.47%,特异性76.27%;PGⅡ为58.85 g/L时诊断胃癌的敏感性82.35%,特异性89.83%;PGR为1.88时诊断胃癌的敏感性94.12%,特异性89.83%。结论血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ水平及PGR值对诊断胃癌有较高的敏感性和特异性,可用于胃癌筛查和早期诊断。     

老年患者胃黏膜病变与血清胃蛋白酶原变化

目的探讨老年胃疾病患者胃黏膜病理改变过程中，血清胃蛋白酶原（PG）Ⅰ、Ⅱ的变化规律。方法选择我院消化内镜中心行胃镜检查老年患者306例，按病理诊断标准分为4组：非萎缩性胃炎组（对照组）40例。慢性萎缩性胃炎组95例，消化性溃疡组105例，胃癌组66例。用免疫放射法（IEMA）测定患者血清PGⅠ及PGⅡ，并计算PGⅠ／PGⅡ的比值（PGR）。结果（1）正常对照组PGⅠ为（150．17±63．51）μg／L，PGR为10、44±3．42。（2）与对照组比较，慢性萎缩性胃炎患者血清PGI降低为（118．81±40．99）μg／L，PGR降低为7．11±2．99（P〈0.05）；（3）胃癌患者血清PGI降低为（95．39±22、80）μg／L，PGR降低为5．86±3．87（P〈0．01）；（4）消化性溃疡患者血清PGⅠ（175．29±33、69）μg／L及PGⅡ（21．81±8．91）μg／L升高（P〈0．05）。结论血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ含量的变化及PGR值对癌前状态和早期胃癌的诊断具有重要的临床意义，当血清PGⅠ及PGⅡ严重降低时，应及时进行胃镜检查，以明确诊断。     

蒙古族、汉族胃癌患者血清胃蛋白酶原水平及与幽门螺杆菌关系的研究

[目的]研究蒙古族、汉族胃癌患者血清胃蛋白酶原（PG）水平及幽门螺旋杆菌（Helicopter pylori,Hp）感染对血清PG的影响,探讨血清PG的地域和民族特征及规律,提供有价值的临床流行病学资料.[方法]选择2013年1月～2014年1月在赤峰医学院附属医院经内镜检查和病理学确诊的胃癌患者68例（连续3代均为同一民族,蒙古族30例,汉族38例）,选择42例健康体检者作为正常对照组,应用酶联免疫方法进行血清PG Ⅰ、PGⅡ的检测,并计算PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ比值;并应用War Thin-starry染色、快速尿素酶试验及C14-尿素呼气试验进行Hp检测.受检对象4周内均未服用过抑酸药、抗生素、铋剂等药物.[结果]①蒙古族、汉族胃癌组血清PG Ⅰ及PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ值明显低于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,各组血清PGⅡ水平之间差异无统计学意义;②蒙古族胃癌组患者血清PG Ⅰ及PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ值低于汉族胃癌组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,2组血清PGⅡ水平之间差异无统计学意义;③蒙古族、汉族胃癌组Hp感染率分别是70.00％、68.42％,明显高于正常对照组的52.38％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,而蒙古族胃癌组和汉族胃癌组Hp感染率之间差异无统计学意义;④蒙古族、汉族胃癌组Hp阳性组血清PG Ⅰ及PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ值低于Hp阴性组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,2组血清PGⅡ水平的差异无统计学意义;⑤蒙古族、汉族胃癌组不同性别血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ及PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ值之间差异无统计学意义.[结论]①蒙古族、汉族胃癌患者血清PGⅠ及PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ值较正常对照组降低,提示血清PGⅠ及PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ值降低有助于胃癌的诊断,可以作为地区人群筛查和辅助诊断胃癌的一项血清学指标;②蒙古族胃癌患者血清PG Ⅰ及PG Ⅰ/PGⅡ值低于汉族胃癌患者,提示血清PG水平在不同种族人群中存在差异;③蒙古族、汉族胃癌患者血清PG Ⅰ及PGⅠ/PGⅡ值的改     

血清胃蛋白酶原比值和CA724对胃癌的诊断价值及相关性分析

目的探讨血清胃蛋白酶原比值与CA724对胃癌的诊断价值及相关性分析。方法收集上海交通大学附属第六人民医院南院2011年7月-2012年6月经胃镜活检病理诊断非萎缩性胃炎的患者187例,萎缩性胃炎伴肠化108例,胃癌91例,空腹采静脉血,酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)定量测定血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、PGⅡ,计算PGⅠ/PGⅡ(PGR)值,电化学发光免疫分析法(ECLIA)检测血清糖类抗原724(CA724)。结果血清PGR=2.78时诊断胃癌敏感性为72.7%,特异性为77.2%,CA724=15.77u/ml时诊断胃癌敏感性为88.9%,特异性为97.2%;PGR联合CA724诊断胃癌阳性率为89%,与PGR(61.5%)、CA724(73.6%)单独诊断胃癌的阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);胃癌组中血清PGR与CA724无明显相关性(R=0.078,P=0.462)。结论胃癌组血清PGR与CA724无相关性,但二者联合检测可提高胃癌诊断阳性率,可用于胃癌筛查。     

Using serum pepsinogens wisely in a clinical practice

Serum pepsinogen (PG) has been used as biomarkers of gastric inflammation and mucosal status, including atrophic change, before the discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Serum pepsinogen I (PG I) and pepsinogen II (PG II) levels are known to increase in the presence of H. pylori-related nonatrophic chronic gastritis. The measurement of serum PG provides much information on the presence of intestinal metaplasia as well as atrophic gastritis. The eradication of H. pylori provokes a significant change in serum PG values: it reduces both PG I and PG II and elevates the PG I to PG II ratio. Recently, the serum PG test method has been the first screening step in Japan, as well as photofluorography. Serum PG tests are used to screen for high risk subjects with atrophic gastritis, rather than as a test for cancer itself. Unlike photofluorography or endoscopy, serum PG screening can identify non-ulcerated differentiated asymptomatic cancer, irrespective of the size and location of the lesion. Most cases detected by the PG method are asymptomatic early gastric cancers and are limited to the mucosa, which are particularly well suited for endoscopic treatment. The PG method can contribute greatly to the patients' quality of life.     

LONG‐TERM RESULTS OF GASTRIC CANCER SCREENING USING THE SERUM PEPSINOGEN TEST METHOD AMONG AN ASYMPTOMATIC MIDDLE‐AGED JAPANESE POPULATION

Background and Aim: In order to reduce gastric cancer death, mass screening for gastric cancer has been established in Japan for several decades. Only photofluorography is considered to be an acceptable screening method so far, but recent evidence may show the usefulness of serum pepsinogen (PG) measurement for gastric cancer screening. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the feasibility of measuring serum PG levels for detection of gastric cancers. Methods: Serum PG levels (PGI/PGII) were measured in asymptomatic middle‐aged Japanese between 1991 and 2005. Those with a PGI ≤ 70 ng/mL and PGI/PGII ≤ 3 were defined as having a positive PG test. According to the obtained results of serum PG levels and previous individual records, those with a positive PG test and those with a negative PG test took gastroendoscopy every 2 and 5 years, respectively. Results: The total number of participating individuals was 101 892 (mean age of 48.7 years). In a total of 21 178 planned gastroendoscopies (20.8%), 13 789 (65.1%) underwent gastroendoscopy and 125 gastric cancers were detected, which corresponded to 0.12% of all participants and to 0.91% of those with gastroendoscopy. Early‐stage cancers and intestinal‐type intramucosal cancers accounted for 80% and 39% of all the detected cancers, respectively. Conclusions: Serum PG measurement for mass screening of gastric cancer enabled us to achieve high recruitment for gastroendoscopy in intended individuals, a favorable detection rate of gastric cancer and, in particular, an extremely high proportion of early‐stage gastric cancer in all the detected cancers.     

Serum pepsinogens as a screening test of extensive chronic gastritis

The serum level of pepsinogen I (PG I) and pepsinogen II (PG II), and the PG I/PG II ratio were compared with the surface area of the fundic mucosa, as determined endoscopically by the Congo red staining method. Reduction in the area of the fundic mucosa due to gastritis was associated with stepwise reduction in the PG I levels and the PG I/PG II ratios. Reduction in the area of the fundic mucosa was also associated with decreases in the basal acid output, maximal acid output (MAO), the basal pepsin output and the stimulated pepsin output. The best sensitivity and specificity levels for the diagnosis of normal mucosa and severe gastritis were obtained with the PG I/PG II ratio and the MAO. A retrospective study of 58 patients with gastric cancer and 162 cancer-free patients showed that a PG I/PG II ratio identified 86.2% of all carcinomas and 87.5% of early carcinomas. Although this test gave a positive rate of 36% among the cancer-susceptible age group controls, its use would lower the cost of mass screening by targeting a smaller test population.     

Serum Pepsinogens as a Predicator of the Topography of Intestinal Metaplasia in Patients with Atrophic Gastritis

The importance of atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia is related to the fact that it increases the risk of gastric cancer development. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic potential of serum pepsinogens in predicting the topography of intestinal metaplasia. Both dye endoscopy and 13C-urea breath test were carried out in 878 subjects. Serum pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, and IgG antibody to Helicobacter pylori were measured. The overall prevalence of intestinal metaplasia was higher in subjects with lower PG I/II ratios and lower PG I values. Based on ROC curves, a cutoff value for pepsinogen I/II ratio of less than 3.0 would have identified intestinal metaplasia with a sensitivity of 71.7% and a specificity of 66.7% in Helicobacter pylori-positive subjects. It is possible that serum pepsinogens could be used as a screening test for high-risk subjects with intestinal metaplasia.     

Helicobacter pylori infection, but not mucosal atrophy, significantly affects serum pepsinogen level after gastric cancer surgery

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is frequently observed in the remnant stomach after gastric cancer surgery, and is considered to play one of the important roles in chronic mucosal inflammation and cancer development. METHODOLOGY: Serum pepsinogen (PG) levels were measured in one hundred and eight patients after gastrectomy performed because of gastric cancer. The correlation between PG levels and the grade of mucosal inflammation in the remnant stomach was investigated together with the status of Hp infection. RESULTS: No statistical difference in serum PG level was found according to the severity of reflux gastritis, or grade of mucosal atrophy. Significantly higher serum PG II level and lower PG I/II ratio were found in cases with histologically severe mucosal inflammation than in those without inflammation. In Hp positive cases, PG I level stayed constant while PG II level scored a significantly higher value than those of negative cases. As a result, PG I/II ratio became significantly lower in cases with Hp infection than in those without infection. CONCLUSIONS: Hp infection and active mucosal inflammation, but not bile reflux or mucosal atrophy, significantly affect on the serum PG level in patients with remnant stomach after gastric cancer surgery. Serum PG level was suggested to indicate the grade of acute and chronic Hp-related inflammation in those patients.