Transiliosakrale Osteosynthese bei instabilen Verletzungen des hinteren Beckenringes

Zusammenfassung Operationsziel Stabile Zugschraubenosteosynthese für instabile Verletzungen der Iliosakralgelenke über einen hinteren Zugang. Indikationen Komplette und instabile Sprengungen und Luxationsfrakturen der Iliosakralgelenke mit Zerreißung des vorderen und/oder hinteren Bandapparats. Dislozierte Sakrumfrakturen mit vertikalem Frakturverlauf. Kontraindikationen Weichteilschaden im Zugangsbereich. Erfolgreiche geschlossene Reposition einer Fraktur und/oder Luxation. Ipsilaterale Azetabulumfraktur, die über vorderen Zugang stabilisiert wurde. Ungenügende Möglichkeit der intraoperativen Durchleuchtung des hinteren Beckenringes. Operationstechnik Paramedianer Zugang über dem Iliosakralgelenk. Ablösen des Ansatzes des Musculus gluteus maximus. Reposition des Iliosakralgelenks unter Sicht. Stabilisierung mit transartikulärer iliosakraler Zugschraube unter Durchleuchtung. Reinsertion der Glutealfaszie. Ergebnisse Von 107 Patienten mit instabilen Verletzungen des Beckenringes wurden 83 am hinteren Beckenring operiert. Die Genauigkeit der Reposition wurde zum Zeitpunkt der Nachuntersuchung bestimmt: Bei mehr als 95% der Patienten verblieb eine Fehlstellung < 10 mm. Eine tiefe Wundinfektion wurde bei zwei Patienten beobachtet. Zwei Drittel der Patienten konnten ihre frühere Tätigkeit wieder aufnehmen. Alle Patienten waren schmerzfrei oder gaben Schmerzen nach stärkerer Belastung an. Das Gangbild war bei 63% der Patienten normal. Abstract Objective Stable internal screw fixation of posterior pelvic ring disruptions through a posterior approach. Indications Complete, unstable sacroiliac dislocations with incompetence of anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments. Sacroiliac fracture dislocations. Displaced vertical sacral fractures. Contraindications Damage to posterior soft tissues. Acceptable closed reduction of sacrum or sacroiliac joint. Ipsilateral acetabular fractures treated through an anterior approach. Inadequate intraoperative fluoroscopic visualization of posterior pelvis. Surgical Technique Vertical paramedian incision overlying the sacroiliac joint. Release of origin gluteus maximus. Inspection and reduction of sacroiliac joint. Stabilization with iliosacral screws under image intensification. Secure repair of gluteal fascia. Results 107 patients with unstable pelvic ring fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation of which 83 had an open reduction of posterior ring injuries. Accuracy of reduction: more than 95% of patients had residual displacement of less than 10 mm. Two patients had a deep wound infection postoperatively. Two-thirds of the patients were able to resume their previous occupation. Pain was either absnet or occurred only with strenuous activities. 63% had a normal gait.     

骶髂关节脱位及周围骨结构骨折的前后入路手术治疗特点

目的：探讨前后入路手术骶髂关节脱位及周围骨结构骨折的治疗特点。方法：自2006年1月至2012年9月,收治39例骶髂关节脱位及周围骨结构骨折患者,均进行手术治疗。其中男28例,女11例;年龄12-64岁,平均41．3岁。前入路手术处理17例,后入路手术治疗13例,前后联合入路9例。前入路取仰卧位,切开复位,用2块4孔重建钢板,横跨骶髂关节做固定。后入路取俯卧位,选择闭合或切开复位,在C形臂X线机透视下攻入1～2枚直径7．3nlFtl的60～75mm空心松质骨拉力螺丝钉。术后观察两组的并发症情况,参照Matta评分系统评价骨折复位情况,Majeed评分系统评价术后功能情况。结果：所有患者获随访,时间6～36个月。术后2~4周患者可在床上坐起,6周后可扶拐下地活动。术后随访期间未发现内固定松动及螺钉钢板断裂。x线片示除陈旧性骶髂骨骨折1例复位欠佳,其余骶髂关节脱位及周围骨折术后对位良好。根据Matta标准评定：优30例,良8例,可1例;根据Majeed功能评分标准,优14例,良20例,中4例,差1例。结论：经前后入路手术治疗骶髂关节脱位及周围骨结构骨折均有良好的治疗疗效,但需要根据脱位骨折的解剖部位及类型、移位的方向程度以及术前的复位程度,对术中复位的难易程度评估、固定强度等因素综合考虑来确定入路方式。     

Delayed posterior internal fixation of unstable pelvic fractures

Fifteen patients with unstable pelvic fractures were treated with immediate anterior external fixation followed by delayed posterior fixation, including five sacroiliac lag screws, six transiliac rods, and four iliac plates. Initial anterior external fixation aided in resuscitation of hemodynamically unstable patients and allowed early mobilization. Delayed posterior internal fixation avoided infection and hemorrhage but failed to achieve anatomic reduction of disrupted sacroiliac joints and sacral fractures. Followup examination confirmed maintenance of fixation and fracture healing but pain and persistent neurologic deficits were common findings. Lumbosacral nerve plexus injuries occurred in patients with fractures through the sacral foramina. Fixation of these fractures with sacroiliac screws and transiliac rods caused overcompression and the resulting foraminal encroachment may be a factor in the lack of neurologic recovery. In this study, delayed posterior internal fixation was not associated with perioperative morbidity and achieved better reductions than those obtained with external fixation alone. Delaying the fixation, however, increased the difficulty of obtaining anatomic reduction of certain posterior arch disruptions.     

Is there a role for percutaneous pelvic and acetabular reconstruction?

The primary goal in the treatment of pelvic fractures is the restoration of haemodynamic stability. The secondary goal is the reconstruction of stability and symmetry of the pelvic ring. Percutaneous reconstruction can only be accepted if these goals are met. The type of definitive surgery is dependent of the degree of instability of the anterior and posterior pelvic ring. Retrograde transpubic screw fixation of pubic rami fractures is a good alternative to external fixation or plate and screw osteosynthesis. The technique of screw placement and image intensifier control is explained. Internal fixation of pure sacroiliac dislocations, fracture-dislocations of the sacroiliac joint and sacral fractures can be fixed with sacroiliac screws, placed percutaneously. Reduction of the fracture or dislocation is performed closed, or open if anatomy cannot be restored in a closed manner. The primary goal in the treatment of acetabular fractures is to restore anatomy. Reduction comes before fixation. The goal of minimising approaches cannot be more important. In most cases open reduction will be necessary to achieve anatomical reconstruction. Only the experienced acetabular surgeon will be able to decide when and how he can restore anatomy through a less invasive approach or with a percutaneous procedure. The anterior column screw can be inserted through a separate incision in addition to a Kocher-Langenbeck approach. It is the same screw as the retrograde transpubic screw but placed in the opposite direction. The posterior column screw is placed percutaneously from the lateral cortex of the ilium in the direction of the posterior column. Techniques of placement of both screws are demonstrated. Open reduction and internal fixation remains the standard of care in stabilisation of pelvic and acetabular fractures. Only the experienced surgeon will be able to judge if percutaneous procedures can be an alternative or a useful additive to conventional techniques.     

垂直不稳定骨盆骨折的手术治疗

目的：探讨切开复位内固定治疗垂直不骨盆骨折的疗效。方法：作者２年来采用切开复位内固定治疗垂直不稳定骨盆骨折１５例。固定方法有：前环骨折采用钢板固定;后环骨折分离采用骶骨棒,四孔方形钢板,松质骨螺钉固定。结果：随访时已有１２例下地行走,无腰腿痛,患肢缩短等并发症。结论：垂直不稳定骨盆骨折手术治疗的疗效满意。     

Closed reduction and iliosacral percutaneous fixation of unstable pelvic ring fractures

OBJECTIVE: To report clinical results of patients treated with closed reduction and percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation for unstable pelvic ring fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study using medical records, images and late clinical assessment of all patients treated in our centre with percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation for unstable pelvic ring fractures, with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Seventy-three patients with a mean age of 40.3 years old (range 14-70 years) were treated between July 1998 and December 2005. Seventy-one patients were included. Fractures types included 10 AO type B and 61 AO type C injuries. Forty-two patients had associated injuries. Mean follow-up was 31 months (12-96). Functional status was assessed using Majeed's grading score for pelvic fractures at final follow-up. RESULTS: Sixty-nine patients obtained a satisfactory initial reduction. Two patients had transitory postoperative neurological deficit. Five patients presented hardware failure. Fifteen patients developed sacroiliac osteoarthritis during follow-up. Good and excellent functional results were observed in 66 patients at final follow-up. Five patients had bad results, one due to infection of an anterior pelvic plate and the others due to painful refractory sacroiliac osteoarthritis that required a sacroiliac fusion. Sixty-one (86%) patients were able to return to pre-injury occupation. CONCLUSIONS: Good clinical results with a low and predictable rate of complications can be expected using closed reduction and percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation for unstable pelvic ring fractures.     

切开复位内固定治疗不稳定骨盆骨折

目的：总结不稳定骨盆骨折手术方法和疗效。方法：入路：前环采用横切口或髂腹股沟切门，后环用骶髂前入路或后入路。固定方法：对于髂骨骨折、耻骨联合分离或耻骨上支骨折，采用钢板固定于髂骨内板、耻骨联合上方或前方和耻骨支上方；对于髂骨后部骨折、骶髂关节分离或骶骨骨折采用前路钢板、后路骶骨棒和骶髂关节螺钉固定。结果：87例病人，随访3个月～5年，97％的病人满意。结论：切开复位内固定是不稳定骨盆骨折的可靠治疗方法，术前应特别重视纠正骨盆骨折内出血。     

Vertically unstable pelvic fractures fixed with percutaneous iliosacral screws: does posterior injury pattern predict fixation failure?

OBJECTIVE: To measure the failure rate of percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation of vertically unstable pelvic fractures and particularly to test the hypothesis that fixations in which the posterior injury is a vertical fracture of the sacrum are more likely to fail than fixations with dislocations or fracture-dislocations of the sacroiliac joint. DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Level 1 trauma center. METHODS: All patients with pelvic fractures admitted between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 1998, were identified from the trauma registry. Hospital records were used to identify patients treated with iliosacral screws. Radiologic studies were examined to identify patients who had unequivocally vertically unstable pelvic fractures. Immediate postoperative and follow-up anteroposterior, inlet, and outlet radiographs from a minimum of 12 months postinjury were examined. Position, length, and numbers of iliosacral screws and any evidence of screw failure (eg, bending or breakage) were recorded. Residual postoperative displacement and late displacement of the posterior pelvis were measured. The main outcome measure was failure, defined as at least 1cm of combined vertical displacement of the posterior pelvis compared with immediate postoperative position. The main analysis was for association between fracture pattern and failure. Patient demographic data, iliosacral screw position, and anterior pelvic fixation method also were studied. RESULTS: The study group comprised 62 patients with unequivocally vertically unstable pelvic fractures in whom the posterior injury was treated with closed reduction and percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation. Of patients, 32 had dislocations or fracture-dislocations of the sacroiliac joint, and 30 had vertical fractures of the sacrum. Fixation failed in four patients, all with vertical sacral fractures and all within the first 3 weeks after surgery. These four patients required revision fixation. In two further cases with vertical sacral fractures, there was evidence that the fracture had only barely been held by the fixation, but these fractures healed, and follow-up radiographs did not meet the displacement criteria for failure. A vertical sacral fracture pattern was associated significantly with failure (Fisher exact test, P = 0.04); the excess risk of failure compared with sacroiliac joint injury was 13% (95% confidence interval 1% to 25%). There was no significant association between failure and anterior fixation method, iliosacral screw arrangement or length, or any demographic or injury variable. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation is a useful technique in the management of vertically unstable pelvic fractures, but a vertical sacral fracture should make the surgeon more wary of fixation failure and loss of reduction.     

不稳定性骨盆骨折的手术内固定治疗

目的探讨不稳定性骨盆骨折内固定手术治疗的临床疗效.方法41例不稳定性骨盆骨折采用开收复位加内固定手术治疗.前环骨折采用耻骨联合上方弧形切口或经腹股沟入路．应用钛合金重建钢板内固定；后环骨折分别采用骶骨棒、骶髂拉力螺钉固定.结果41例均获随访．时间3～36个月，骨折愈合时间为2．0～3．5（2．5±0．4）个月。疗效评估：优14例，良18例，中8例．差1例.结论不稳定性骨盆骨折采用手术内固定叮以重建有效骨盆稳定性，疗效满意。     

旋转和垂直不稳定型骨盆骨折患者的诊断和治疗

目的探讨旋转和垂直不稳定型骨盆骨折的临床特点及其急诊处理、诊断和治疗方法选择。方法回顾性分析18例存在旋转和垂直不稳定的骨盆骨折患者，10例保守治疗，8例手术治疗。8例手术患者骨盆前环骨折均行切开复位内固定，2例耻骨上支骨折采用重建钢板固定，2例采用拉力螺钉固定，4例耻骨联合分离患者均采用双钢板固定；6例骨盆后环骨折患者采用切开复位双钢板固定，2例在CT引导下经皮置入骶髂关节松质骨拉力螺钉固定。结果18例患者全部恢复行走功能，所有保守治疗患者骨盆骨折均畸形愈合，遗留骶髂关节部位酸痛6例，遗留双小腿、双足麻木3例，行走跛行2例。8例手术治疗患者骨盆外形均恢复好，仅1例患者诉沿髂嵴切口有不适，2例CT引导下经皮置入骶髂关节螺钉患者骨盆外形接近完全恢复，功能恢复快而满意。结论旋转和垂直不稳定型骨盆骨折患者保守治疗效果差，宜首选内固定手术治疗，宜同时固定骨盆前、后环或先行前环切开复位内固定，2～3d后再次在CT引导下经皮置入骶髂关节螺钉内固定。CT引导下经皮置入骶髂关节螺钉手术操作简单、时间短、出血少、固定牢靠，是固定骶髂关节骨折脱位的首选方法。     

Modified and new approaches for pelvic and acetabular surgery

We analysed outcomes of new operative techniques for open reduction and internal fixation in 120 consecutive patients with fractures of the pelvic ring and 164 patients with acetabular fractures treated between 1989 and 1999. An anterior extraperitoneal approach was performed through a low midline incision to fix the anterior and lateral parts of the pelvis and for central involvement of different types of acetabular fractures. The anterior approach was combined with a lateral incision on the lateral crest for fractures of the iliac wing and with a posterior approach for sacroiliac injuries, or with Kocher-Langenbeck approach for posterior acetabular involvements. The complication rate of the new techniques was low. Heterotopic ossification was rare. The functional recovery was good in 66 of the 81 patients with an unstable C-type pelvic injury, in 18 out of the 20 patients with a lateral compression, B-2-type injury and 13 out of 19 patients with a open book, B-1-injury. Neurological recovery was observed after adequate reduction in those patients suffering from lesions of the sacral plexus. The radiographic result was good in 73, 20 and 17 of the patients groups, respectively. The Harris Hip Score was more than 80 in 75% of the 164 patients with an acetabular fracture. The radiological result was good (residual displacement 0-2mm) in 84%, fair (3-5mm) in 9% and poor (more than 5mm) in 7%. The new methods are less invasive than the basic approaches described in the literature. The whole pelvic ring, as well as all the acetabular fracture combinations may be treated with the combination of approaches used in the present study.     

Standardized osteosynthesis techniques for the pelvic ring. Analysis of a patient sample and surgical technique]

A total of 1566 patients with fractures of the pelvis were treated at the Department of Traumatology at the Hannover Medical School between 1972 and 1990. Of these, 1350 patients had fractures of the pelvic ring, 216 isolated acetabulum fractures, and 398 combinations of pelvic ring fractures and acetabular involvement. Of these patients, 718 were admitted with severe polytrauma. For 1254 patients complete files were available for clinical and radiological evaluation of fracture distribution, classification (Tile and anatomical location) and concomitant injuries. A significant increase in the severity of trauma, the severity of the pelvic fractures and the rate of internal stabilization, especially of the posterior pelvic ring, was observed during the observation period. The overall mortality after pelvic fracture was 18.1%. This mortality was correlated to the Hannover Polytrauma Score (PTS) and the associated extrapelvic blunt trauma. Internal fixation of pelvic fractures was performed in 195 patients. Our experience led to standardized procedures for the different fracture locations. In fractures type Tile B, an anterior procedure led in all cases to anatomic or near anatomic healing. In unstable pelvic ring fractures (Tile C), external fixation led to a significantly higher rate of posterior dislocations (over 1 cm) than did internal fixation. In these situations a combined posterior and anterior internal fixation procedure improved the result compared to posterior internal stabilizations alone. As a result, internal stabilization using a standardized technique for every fracture location is recommended for all unstable pelvic ring fractures.     

Fracture of the pelvic ring: a retrospective review of 224 patients treated at a single institution

Pelvic ring fracture presents with a wide spectrum of clinical status and fracture type that requires multimodal treatment strategy. We report our experience in the treatment of 224 pelvic ring fractures in terms of clinical and radiological findings, mode of treatment, surgical data, and functional outcome at final follow-up. The study subjects were 140 men and 84 women (mean age 58 years, range 8–94). Surgery was conducted in 63 patients, while 161 were treated conservatively. The average follow-up period was 7.1 years (range 1–15). AO-Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification of fracture type, Injury Severity score rating, Rommens and Hessmann’s ambulatory and pain assessment, and radiographic studies were conducted. Conservative treatment was provided in 161 (73%) patients, including simple bed rest with definitive external fixation, skeletal traction, and/or pelvic sling. Of these, 148 patients achieved excellent/good results, but the remaining 13 cases complained of severe pain at the sacroiliac joints caused by malunion or fibrous union of the joint. All 63 (27%) patients who were treated surgically, using most frequently a combination of anterior extraperitoneal and Pfannenstiel approaches, showed excellent/good clinical and radiographic results. Treatment of unstable pelvic ring fracture should be urgent and based on biomechanical and anatomic reconstructive strategy, paying utmost care to associated injuries. A combination of open stabilization of posterior sacroiliac area and anterior fixation of pubic rami and symphysis pubis is recommended for unstable anteroposterior compression, lateral compression, vertical instability, and unilateral or bilateral posterior injuries to the pelvic ring.     

骨盆前、后环不稳定的治疗策略

目的探讨骨盆前后环不稳定的治疗策略。方法对22例Tile C型骨盆前、后环不稳定患者均急诊采用股骨髁上骨牵引结合外固定架固定,病情平稳后行前、后路重建钢板联合骶髂螺钉复位内固定术治疗。结果22例均获随访,时间6~31个月。疗效根据Matta评分标准评定:优21例,良1例。根据Majeed功能评分评定:优18例,良2例,差2例。结论先早期外固定架临时固定,二期行手术内固定,手术安全、固定可靠,可早期功能锻炼及负重,是治疗骨盆前后环不稳定的有效方法。     

切开复位内固定治疗垂直不稳定骨盆骨折

目的探讨切开复位内固定治疗垂直不稳定骨盆骨折的临床疗效。方法28例垂直不稳定骨盆骨折患者在大重量牵引纠正垂直移位后,全部行切开复位内固定,骨盆前环骨折均用重建钢板内固定。结果随访12~48个月,平均23.2个月,均骨性愈合,无下肢不等长,骨盆畸形基本纠正,按刘利民等功能评定标准,优10例,良13例,可5例。结论切开复位内固定治疗垂直不稳定骨盆骨折可取得满意疗效,对前后环骨盆骨折尽可能手术固定。     

骶髂拉力螺钉固定技术在骨盆后环损伤中的临床应用

目的 探讨应用骶髂拉力螺钉固定技术治疗骨盆后环损伤的适应证、手术方法及疗效。方法 1998年6月～2002年11月，对13例骨盆骶髂复合结构损伤患者采用后侧经骶髂关节的骶髂拉力螺钉固定方法治疗骨盆后环损伤，男10例，女3例；年龄21～49岁，平均37．5岁。通过影像学柱查明确13例患者有15侧骨盆骶髂复合结构损伤。按照AO骨盆环损伤方法分型：B型损伤6例．其中B2型4例，B3型2例；C型损伤7例．其中C1型2例，C2型3例，C3型2例。患者麻醉后俯卧位，行闭合或开放复位后用骶髂拉力螺钉固定。取髂骨翼后侧进钉点，根据S1椎体上缘和骶骨翼走行确定进钉方向。所有操作均在“C”型臂X线机透视下进行。结果 13例患者均获随访．随访时间6个月～4年6个月，平均19．7个月。手术平均时问为70min。13例共置入骶髂拉力螺钉21枚。患者在术后2-3周可持双拐下地行走，3～4个月双下肢可完全负重行走．并逐渐恢复体力劳动，未发生神经损伤及螺钉松动、断裂现象。腰骶及下肢活动接近正常。结论 骶髂拉力螺钉固定技术可使不稳定性骨盆后环损伤患者获得良好的即刻复位和固定，恢复骨盆的稳定性，适用于骶髂关节脱位及骶骨骨折的患者。     

Computed tomography-guided screw fixation of a sacroiliac joint dislocation fracture: a case report

A 19-year-old woman sustained a vertical shear type pelvic fracture. Sacroiliac fixation using computed tomography (CT)-guided cannulated screws was performed for a left sacroiliac dislocation fracture, and a satisfactory result was obtained over time. Patients who have posterior instability of the lateral compression or vertical shear type do not obtain adequate stability by fixation of the anterior part alone; and they often have persistent residual pain, necessitating internal fixation of the posterior part later. Advantages of CT-guided sacroiliac screw fixation include precise evaluation of the degree of reduction and absence of nerve and vascular damage during the time the screw is inserted into the sacral body. This procedure is a useful, safe method owing to its minimal invasiveness in patients with unstable pelvic fractures that are reducible by manual manipulation or traction.     

Beckenfrakturen in der unfallchirurgischen Klinik Kiel

48 injuries to the pelvis were treated from January 1991 through December 1991. We found 45 fractures of the pelvic ring with associated acetabular fractures in 15 cases and three isolated acetabular lesions. 19 injuries were caused by car accidents, 18 fractures resulted from a fall, especially in older patients. Isolated fractures of the pelvis occurred in 18 cases. The average total severity of the injuries was 19.7 points according to the Hannover Polytrauma Score (PTS). Every fracture was classified using the Tile-classification. There were 15 (33%) Tile A lesions, 18 (40%) Tile B fractures and twelve (27%) type C pelvic ring injuries. In 18 cases surgery was the method of treatment. Seven out of 18 injuries to the acetabulum were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. In ten patients the unstable pelvic ring was fixed by means of an external fixator. To do so, a pair of 6 mm diameter pins were placed on both sides in the supraacetabular region of the iliac bone directed towards the sacroiliac joints. We used a triangular form of external fixation. An open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) was necessary in five cases, one injury required a combination of external and internal procedures. There were 14 cases in which we found sacral fractures as an additional dorsal lesions. Nine of 14 sacral fractures were recognized only by CT examination. In elevent cases the conventional radiographs showed simple anterior pelvic ring fractures while the CT examination revealed an additional lesion of the sacroiliac joint in nine of these cases. A CT examination of every pelvic fracture is therefore indispensable. Complications occurred in eight of 18 patients treated surgically, a further operation was necessary in three of these cases.     

经皮骶髂螺钉与骶髂关节前方钢板固定治疗不稳定性骨盆骨折的对比研究

 目的 比较骨盆骨折合并骶髂关节脱位经皮空心螺钉内固定与切开复位重建钢板内固定治疗的临床疗效, 并评价其安全性和实用性。方法 2004年 3月至 2010年 10月, 收治 37例不稳定 性骨盆骨折。在野C冶型臂 X线机引导下, 20例患者接受经皮骶髂关节螺钉内固定, 17例患者接受切开复 位重建钢板内固定, 比较和分析两组的围手术期参数和术后影像学指标。结果 对全部病例随访 6~26 个月, 平均 15个月。经皮螺钉组与切开钢板组在手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛程度、术后平均发热 时间和住: 时间等方面比较差异均有统计学意义, 两组根据术后 X线评价的复位效果差异无统计学意 义。骨折平均愈合时间: 经皮螺钉组为 32个月, 切开钢板组为 36个月, 两组差异无统计学意义。经皮 螺钉组无感染、弯钉及断钉等并发症发生。结论 经皮骶髂空心螺钉内固定术治疗骨盆骨折具有定位 准确、损伤小、出血少、疼痛轻、恢复快等优点, 是一种理想的微创手术方法, 前后环固定适用于骨折及 脱位不明显者;该术式对术者操作技术要求较高, 充分的术前准备及患者术后配合能减少并发症发生。 重建钢板或桡骨远端野T冶形钢板可用于固定垂直不稳定性骨盆骨折。     

S1椎弓根螺钉结合髂骨板间螺钉治疗骶髂关节骨折脱位

目的 探索S1椎弓根螺钉结合髂骨板问螺钉治疗骶髂关节骨折脱位的临床疗效，评价两者结合对骶髂关节骨折脱位的治疗价值。方法 对11例骶髂关节骨折脱位患者用脊柱内固定系统(TSRH)之S1椎弓根螺钉结合髂骨板间螺钉进行固定，该组患者涉及骶髂关节的垂直移位及旋转的骨盆环变形，归于Tile分型的B类或C类骨盆损伤。11例患者均伴有前环损伤，其中9例予以加压钢板(smith nephew)内固定，余2例患者单纯采用后路手术内固定。结果 7例患者垂直移位完全复位，9例旋转畸形纠正，未发现感染及神经损伤等并发症。结论 S1椎弓根螺钉结合髂骨板问螺钉固定技术治疗骶髂关节骨折脱位，可获得即刻稳定性并良好地维持了复位的效果．这一混合技术对于涉及垂直及旋转损伤的骨盆环损伤有稳定的作用。