可溶性HLA-A2-肽复合物的体外折叠与生物素化

目的 :可溶性HLA A2 抗原肽复合物的体外折叠复性与生物素化。方法 :原核高效表达的HLAH链及 β2m,在抗原肽 (EB病毒的膜潜伏蛋白LMP2A的NH2 CLGGLLTMV COOH残基 )的存在下 ,通过稀释复性折叠成HLA A2 抗原肽复合物 ,并在BirA酶的作用下进行生物素化 ,使生物素结合到HLA A2 抗原肽复合物中的H链C端。利用特异性抗体 (mAbW6 / 32和兔抗人 β2m抗体 )及链霉亲合素进行ELISA和Westernblot,检测稀释复性和生物素化的折叠产物。结果 :折叠复合物中 ,主要含有HLAH链聚合体、HLA A2 肽复合物单体及 β2m3种成分 ,其中H链聚合体与HLA A2单体可生物素化。结论 :成功地获得生物素化的HLA A2 抗原肽复合物单体 ,为进一步构建四聚体及制备人工抗原提呈细胞奠定了基础 ,也为过程复杂的HLA 抗原肽四聚体的制备提供了可行的免疫学监控方法     

生物素化的HLA-A*2402-抗原肽复合物的制备

目的 制备生物素化的HLA-A＊2402-抗原肽复合物。方法 将原核高效表达的sHLA-A＊2402-BSP融合蛋白及β2m和HLA-A＊2402限制性抗原肽EB病毒BRLF1蛋白中的九肽NH2-TYPVLEEMF-COOH进行稀释、复性、折叠，形成HLA—A＊2402-抗原肽复合物单体，并在BirA酶作用下进行生物素化，使生物素结合到HLA-A＊2402-抗原肽复合物中H链C端的BSP序列上形成生物素化的sHLA—A＊2402-抗原肽复合物单体。利用特异性单克隆克体（W6／32和兔抗人β2微球蛋白抗体）及链霉亲合素进行ELISA和Westem blot，检测稀释复性和生物素化的折叠产物。结果 折叠复合物中，主要含有HLA—A＊2402-肽复合物单体及β2两种成分，其中HLA-A＊2402-肽复合物单体可生物素化。结论 成功制备出生物素化的HLA—A＊2402-抗原肽复合物单体，为进一步构建四聚体及制备人工抗原提呈细胞奠定了基础。     

可溶性HLA-G1-抗原肽复合物的体外折叠及其功能研究

目的:体外折叠形成可溶性HLA G1抗原肽复合物,并研究其生物学功能。方法:以原核表达的可溶性HLA-G1的重链及轻链β2m,与人工合成的抗原九肽体外进行共折叠复性。将折叠产物通过SephadexG75层析柱纯化,经Westernblot进行构象鉴定。探讨可溶性HLA-G1分子对NK细胞杀伤活性的影响,对混合淋巴细胞培养中T细胞增殖的影响,以及对活化T细胞凋亡的影响。结果:折叠产物可与mAbW6/32特异性结合,在Westernblot的鉴定中呈阳性反应。可溶性HLA-G1可有效地抑制NK细胞的细胞毒作用,抑制混合淋巴细胞培养中T细胞的增殖,促进活化T细胞发生凋亡。结论:体外折叠成功地形成可溶性HLA-G1抗原肽复合物,该复合物具有抑制NK细胞和T细胞的活性。     

预先形成的重链二硫键有助于HLA-A2-抗原肽复合物体外折叠

目的: 提高可溶性HLA -A2 肽复合物体外折叠效率。方法: 在变性非还原条件下提取原核表达的HLA重链(HC)。通过离子交换及硫酸铵沉淀初步纯化后, 在β2微球蛋白(β2m)及特异性抗原肽 (Try369-377 )存在的情况下, 于pH6. 6的折叠缓冲体系中稀释复性。利用Westernblot及ELISA检测折叠产物。结果: 折叠复合物中主要含有HLA-A2 抗原肽复合物和β2m, 较少含有HC聚合体; 折叠效率较传统方法提高 2. 5倍。结论: 通过与传统方法作比较, 证实此法折叠效率比传统方法高, 为进一步HLA 肽四聚体及人工抗原提呈细胞的制备可提供足够可溶性的HLA -A2 肽单体。     

原核表达、体外折叠的HLA-G5促进人外周血单核细胞产生TNF

通过原核表达获得HLA-G5重链和轻链(β2m),经初步纯化后,利用稀释法与人工合成的九肽(KGPPAALTL)一起进行体外复性折叠,形成HLA-G5-抗原肽复合物,经非变性PAGE/Western blot和夹心ELISA法鉴定,证实复性后成功获得天然构象的HLA-G5。利用PBMC受LPS刺激后产生TNF的特点,观察原核表达、体外折叠的HLA-G5对人PBMC分泌TNF的影响。TNF分泌量采用TNF敏感的L929细胞进行生物法测定,结果显示原核表达、体外折叠的HLA-G5促进人PBMC分泌TNF-α。     

HBV抗原肽-HLA-A*2402复合物四聚体的构建及初步检测应用

目的：构建2种HBV抗原肽-HLA-A＋2402复合物四聚体，并初步用该2种四聚体检测针对不同抗原肽特异性的细胞毒性T细胞（CTL）。方法：原核高效表达HLA-A＋2402-BSP和β2m蛋白后，分别与乙型肝炎病毒抗原肽P01756-764和Corell7-125在体外复性折叠成可溶性的HLA-A＋2402抗原肽复合物单体，经BirA酶作用并通过凝胶过滤层析法纯化复合物单体，分别将复合物单体与藻红蛋白标记的链霉亲和素按一定比例耦合构建成2种HBV抗原肽四聚体。最后进行流式细胞术检测。结果：Dot-ELISA和ELISA检测显示获得了2种具有天然构象的生物素化的HBV抗原肽-HLA-A＋2402复合物单体。结论：构建的2种四聚体可以检测乙型肝炎感染者体内特异性的CTL。     

HBc-HLA-A*1101-β2m复合物单体及其四聚体的制备和鉴定

目的制备HBc-HLA-A ＊ 1101-β2m复合物单体和四聚体,并对其特异性进行了鉴定。方法原核高效表达的HLA-A ＊ 1101-BSP和β2m蛋白,在抗原肽（乙型肝炎病毒的核心蛋白HBc88-96）的存在下,体外复性折叠成可溶性的HLA-A ＊ 1101抗原肽复合物单体,经BirA酶作用并通过凝胶过滤层析法纯化复合物单体;然后将此复合物单体与藻红蛋白标记的链霉亲和素按一定比例耦合构建成四聚体;最后用流式细胞仪检测分析该四聚体结合特异性CTL的能力。结果Western blot和Dot-ELISA检测显示所制备的HLA-A ＊ 1101抗原肽复合物单体具有天然构象,且可被生物素化;流式细胞仪分析显示所制备的四聚体可与HLA-A11^＋供者的抗原特异性CTL结合。结论成功制备了具有完整构象的生物素化HLA-A ＊ 1101抗原肽复合物单体;此四聚体可以特异检测抗原特异性的细胞毒性T细胞。     

原核表达、稀释复性的可溶性HLA-G1抑制混合淋巴细胞培养中T细胞增殖

目的：探讨原核表达体外稀释复性的可溶性人类白细胞抗原G1（soluble　HLA-G1，sHLA-G1）对体外混合淋巴细胞反应中T细胞增殖的影响。方法利用原核表达的sHIA-G1的重链、轻链及人工合成的九肽，折叠形成正确构象的sHLA-G1．肽复合物；在混合淋巴细胞培养（MLC）体系中加入折叠所得的sHLA-G1-肽复合物及相同浓度的对照物，流式细胞仪检测T细胞的增殖情况。结果sHLA-G1．肽复合物加入到混合淋巴细胞培养中能够抑制T细胞的增殖，3个个体的抑制率分别为28．5％、32．5％及22．1％（Dunnett t检验，P〈0．05）；这种抑制作用可以被HLA-G特异性McAb（G11E5）所逆转。结论通过原核表达，体外稀释复性的方法可以大量制备正确构象的sHLA-G1-肽复合物，该复合物分子能够抑制混合淋巴细胞培养中T细胞的增殖。     

sH-2Kd肽复合物的构建及多克隆抗体的制备

目的 构建可溶性的H-2Kd肽复合物,并制备抗MHC-I(H-2Kd)分子多克隆抗体.方法 原核高效表达的sH-2Kd-BSP和β2m蛋白,在抗原肽(乙型肝炎病毒的核心蛋白HBc131-139)的存在下,体外复性折叠成可溶性的H-2Kd-β2m-抗原肽复合物单体,经BirA酶作用并通过凝胶过滤层析法纯化复合物单体.应用纯化的该复合物单体免疫C57BL/6小鼠制备多克隆抗体.结果 ①Western blot检测显示获得了生物素化的sH-2Kd-HBe复合物单体.②Western blot检测显示抗MHC-I(H2Kd)分子多克隆抗体与复合物单体有很好的抗原抗体反应;Balb/C小鼠脾脏冰冻切片的免疫组化结果:在细胞膜表面见棕色着色.③Dot-ELISA检测该多克隆抗体的滴度可以达到1:3 200.结论 成功构建了具有完整构象的生物素化sH-2Kd-HBc复合物单体,制备了抗MHC-I(H-2Kd)分子多克隆抗体.     

三种常见HBV抗原肽-HLA-A*0201复合物四聚体的构建及初步检测应用

目的 体外构建三种常见HBV抗原肽-HLA-A*0201复合物四聚体,并初步用该三种四聚体对抗原肽特异性的细胞毒性T细胞(CTL)进行了初步检测.方法 原核高效表达的HLA-A*0201-BSP和β2m蛋白,分别和三种HBV抗原肽(HBVCore18-27,Env335-343,Po1575-583)体外复性折叠成可溶性的HLA-A*0201抗原肽复合物单体,经BirA酶作用并通过凝胶过滤层析法纯化复合物单体,分别将复合物单体与藻红蛋白标记的链霉亲和素按一定比例耦合构建成相应的三种抗原肽四聚体.最后进行流式细胞仪检测.结果 Dot-ELISA和ELISA检测显示获得了三种具有天然构象的生物素化的HBV抗原肽-HLA-A*0201复合物单体.构建的三种四聚体均可以检测到相应特异性的CTL,在自限性感染患者体内针对乙肝核心抗原(core18-27)的CTL细胞频数(0.18%)高于针对聚合酶抗原(po1575-583)(0.08%)和包膜抗原(env335-343)(0.06%).结论 成功构建了三种具有完整构象的生物素化HBV抗原肽-HLA-A*0201复合物单体,所构建的三种四聚体都可以检测到抗原特异性的CTL.     

Construction and Functional Test of HLA-A＊2402-Peptide Tetramer

HLA-A~*2402 is one of the most frequent HLA-A allele in Asian population.To construct HLA-A~*2402-peptidetetramers,the transmembrane and intracellular segments of HLA-A~*2402 cDNA were replaced with BSP sequenceto form a fusion gene of sHLA-A~*2402-BSP.The sHLA-A~*2402-BSP fusion protein and β2m were high-levelexpressed as insoluble aggregates in E.coli,and refoided to form an HLA-A~*2402-peptide monomeric complex bydilution method in the presence of an antigenic peptide.The HLA-A~*2402-peptide monomeric complex wasbiotinated and tetramized to prepare HLA-A~*2402-peptide tetramer.Then using the HLA-A~*2402-peptidetetramers to detect antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)induced by artificial antigen presenting cell(aAPC)in vitro.The results showed that HLA-A~*2402-peptide tetramer was prepared correctly,and functional indetecting antigen-specific CTL in vitro,HLA-A~*2402-peptide monomeric and its multimeric complexes areexpected to provide a powerful tool for studying mechanisms of immune-related diseases in Asian populations.Cellular & Molecular Immunology.2005;2(2):145-149.     

sHLA-A*2402融合蛋白的制备与特性研究

本文用含有HLA-A*2402重链胞外段基因的质粒为模板进行PCR,利用下游引物拼接上依赖BirA的可生物化序列后,构建融合基因sHLA-A*2402-BSP,与质粒pET-21d重组后,在宿主菌E.coliBL21(DE3)中诱导表达。表达的融合蛋白与β2m及HLA-A*2402限制性抗原肽EB病毒BRLF1蛋白中的九肽NH2-TYPVLEEMF-COOH进行复性折叠,形成HLA-A*2402-抗原肽复合物单体,并用Westernblot和夹心ELISA法鉴定。证实成功地制备出sHLA-A*2402-生物素化序列融合蛋白并使之正确折叠复性。为研究在原核系统中表达、纯化与复性及体外构建MHCI类分子四聚体,探讨免疫识别机制奠定了基础。     

HLA-A*0206-BSP和-A*0207-BSP融合基因的构建与表达

采用RT-PCR技术从HLA-A*0206和-A*0207阳性个体的PBMC中分别克隆出HLA-A*0206和-A*0207基因的全长cDNA序列,构建HLA-A*0206和-A*0207克隆载体。再利用PCR技术从构建的克隆载体中扩增HLA-A*0206和-A*0207的α链(重链)胞外段序列,分别经双酶切置换本室保存的HLA-A*0201-BSP重组体中的HLA-A*0201胞外段序列,使HLA-A*0206和-A*0207与BirA酶底物肽(BirA substrate peptide,BSP)序列融合,构建HLA-A*0206-BSP和-A*0207-BSP融合基因的表达载体,经限制性酶切和DNA测序证实。然后将该表达载体转化E.coliBL21(DE3)后获得表达产物,通过体外稀释复性,初步纯化的表达产物通过ELISA和Western blot检测证明能够与β2微球蛋白(HLA I类分子轻链)及HLA-A2限制性抗原肽(HBV core 18-27)折叠形成具有HLA I类分子天然构象的抗原肽/HLA-A2复合物单体。为进一步构建HLA-A*0206和-A*0207四聚体,探讨相应HLA-A2亚型的功能特点提供了物质基础。     

Preparation and Identification of HLA-A＊1101 Tetramer Loading with Human Cytomegalovirus pp65 Antigen Peptide

MHC/peptide tetramer technology has been widely used to study antigen-specific T cells, especially for identifying virus-specific CD8^＋ T cells in humans. The tetramer molecule is composed of HLA heavy chain, β2-microglobulin （β2m）, an antigenic peptide, and fluorescent-labeled streptavidin. To further investigate the HLA-A＊1101-restricted CD8^＋ T cell responses against human cytomegalovirus （HCMV）, we established an approach to prepare HLA-A＊1101 tetramer complexed with a peptide from HCMV. The cDNA encoding HLA-A＊1101 heavy chain was cloned and the prokaryotic expression vector for the ectodomain of HLA-A＊1101 fused with a BirA substrate peptide （HLA-A＊1101-BSP） at its carboxyl terminus was constructed. The fusion protein was highly expressed as inclusion bodies under optimized conditions in Escherichla coli. Moreover, HLA-A＊1101-BSP protein was refolded in the presence of β2m and an HCMV peptide pp6516.24 （GPISGHVLK, GPI）. Soluble HLA-A＊1101-GPI monomer was biotinylated and purified to a purity of 95%, which was subsequently combined with streptavidin to form tetramers at a yield of 〉 80%. The HLA-A＊1101-GPI tetramers could bind to virus-specific CD8^＋ T cells, suggesting soluble HLA-A＊1101-GPI tetramers were biologically functional. This study provides the basis for further evaluation of HLA-A＊1101-restricted CD8^＋ T cell responses against HCMV infection.     

负载HCMV pp65抗原肽的HLA-A*1101-GPI四聚体的制备和鉴定

为体外复性制备负载人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)pp65抗原肽的HLA-A*1101-GPI四聚体,研究优化HLA-A*1101重链与生物素化酶底物肽融合蛋白(HLA-A*1101-BSP)在大肠杆菌中的诱导表达的温度、时间和诱导剂IPTG浓度,并以抗HLA-A*0201抗血清进行免疫印迹鉴定HLA-A*1101-BSP的表达水平。将初步纯化的HLA-A*1101-BSP与β2-微球蛋白(β2m)和HCMV抗原肽pp6516-24(GPISGHVLK,简称GPI)一起利用稀释法进行重折叠复性,获得可溶性HLA-A*1101-GPI单体,经生物素化和纯化后,与Streptavidin-PE结合成四聚体。流式细胞仪分析显示HLA-A*1101-GPI四聚体具有与特异性细胞毒T细胞(CTL)的结合活性,表明成功获得可溶性HLA-A*1101-GPI四聚体,为研究HLA-A*1101限制性CTL的免疫应答打下基础。     

High Level Expression of HLA-A＊0203-BSP Fusion Protein in Escherichia coli and Construction of Soluble HLA-A＊0203 Monomer and Tetramer Loaded with Epstein-Barr Virus Peptide

Major histocompatibility complex （MHC） tetramer technology is critical for characterization of antigen-specific T cells. In the present study we reported the successful generation of HLA-A＊0203 tetramer loaded with Epstein- Barr virus EBNA3596-604 peptide （SVRDRLARL, SVR）. Prokaryotic expression vector for the ectodomain of the heavy chain of HLA-A＊0203 fused with a BirA substrate peptide （HLA-A＊0203-BSP） was constructed and the expression conditions of the fusion protein in Escherichia coli （E. coli） were optimized. The fusion protein was highly expressed in inclusion bodies within E. coil It was then refolded in the presence of 132-microglobulin and SVR peptide to form a soluble HLA-A＊0203-SVR monomer. After biotinylation with BirA, the monomer was purified by anion-exchange chromatography and its purity was up to 95%. The tetramer was then formulated by mixing the biotinylated monomer with streptavidin-PE at a ratio of 4：1. Flow cytometry showed that this tetramer could specifically react with antigen-specific CD8^＋ T cells, indicating that it was biologically functional. These results provide a foundation for further characterization of antigen-specific CD8^＋ T cells from HLA-A＊0203 subjects.     

Improved generation of HLA class I/peptide tetramers

As a tetrameric major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-peptide complex (tetramer) is capable of detecting antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) by flow cytometry, significant information about the generation of in vivo immunity can be obtained. It is, however, difficult to make a soluble wild type of MHC class I heavy chain by the prokaryotic expression system. Therefore, we developed a new method for making soluble mutant HLA-A*2402 heavy chain. In this method, signal sequences were deleted, and the codon was changed to silent mutated nucleotide sequences that bacteria could use as preferable codon. When purified mutant HLA-A*2402 molecules were examined for the protein generation by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and western blotting using anti-HLA class I monoclonal antibody (mAb) as compared with wild type, a large amount of mutant heavy chain could be detected. In contrast, the expression of wild-type stable HLA-A*2402 heavy chain molecule was not detected in this system. Consequently, by using mutant HLA-A*2402/peptide tetramers, CTL precursors (CTLp) that specifically recognize antigenic peptide derived from the X;18 chromosomal translocations of synovial sarcoma were detected in patients' PBL.     

Analysis of the mutant HLA-A*0201 heavy chain H74L: impaired TAP-dependent peptide loading.

A mutation of the HLA-A*0201 heavy chain at position 74 from histidine to leucine (H74L) resulted in a molecule with an interesting phenotype. H74L-expressing targets were recognized by peptide-specific HLA-A*0201-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes at lower peptide concentrations than wild type HLA-A*0201. H74L's improved ability to sensitize cells for tysis was due to its enhanced capability to bind exogenous peptide. Furthermore, this phenotype of improved exogenous binding and functional recognition was not peptide-specific. In contrast, the H74L molecule failed to present the HIV- HLA-A2-restricted pol peptide when expressed and processed endogenously. The inability to bind endogenous pol could be rescued by preceding the pol peptide with a signal sequence. The defect affecting endogenous presentation, therefore, appeared to be limited to the TAP-dependent pathway. Surprisingly, the H74L heavy chain was able to enter the defined MHC class I pathway and associate with beta2M, calreticulin, tapasin, and TAP. Despite the presence of the H74L heavy chain at the TAP complex, H74L was functionally inefficient at loading TAP-dependent peptides. H74L may help elucidate further steps in the process of loading TAP-dependent peptides into the class I cleft.