烧伤疤痕癌(附11例报告)

烧伤疤痕癌在我国并非罕见,从1963年孙剑秋等报道以来,至今共报道105例。我科从1977年1月～1990年3月共收治烧伤疤痕癌11例,作者对烧伤疤痕癌的临床所见,病理类型、预防、早期诊断和治疗进行了探讨。     

阴囊内疾病的超声显像诊断

近几年来,我们对86例阴囊内疾病进行了探查,其中35例经手术及病理证实,报道如下。     

肺动静脉畸形影像学诊断及治疗

肺动静脉畸形（PAVMs）是罕见的肺血管异常,本病在1897年首先由Churton报道,由Smith和Horton于1939年首次在人的活体上做出诊断。PAVMs发现至今,对其进行的研究大都是个案报道,而样本较大的研究是2004年Mager等报道了112例,Cottin等报道105例及Pollak等报道PAVMs栓塞术后随访156例。不同的研究对PAVMs的手术策略仍存在争议,但PAVMs的影像学诊断是必需的。现主要对PAVMs影像学诊断和治疗作一综述。     

胰腺间质瘤1例报道并文献复习

胰腺间质瘤是罕见的发生于胃肠道外的间质瘤.到目前为止,国外文献共报道9例[1-9],国内文献报道1例[10].本文报道一例,并对相关文献进行复习.[病例报道]患者男性,55岁,上腹部不适、纳差十余天,无胰腺炎及腹部外伤病史,无黄疸.     

胚胎发育不良性神经上皮瘤的临床及影像学表现

胚胎发育不良性神经上皮瘤（Dysembryoplastic neumepithelial tumor DNT）是一种少见的神经系统肿瘤，1988年由法国病理学家Daumas-Duport等首先发现并命名。从DNT发现至今．对其进行的研究大都是个案报道，而样本数较大的几次研究是1988年Daumas-Dupor报道39例，1999年又由Daumas-Dupor报道40例非特异性DNT及英国的Honavar等报道了74例。不同的研究对DNT的发生、手术策略等方面仍存争议，但在临床表现、病理学及影像学方面已达成许多共识。现综述如下。     

CT引导下两种微创技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效比较

1987年美国学者Choy与Ascher首次报道经皮激光腰椎间盘减压术的实验和临床应用。1989年报道了采用ND：YAG屺激光进行腰椎间盘减压术420例,NN3年半,无1例发生严重并发症,且效果较佳。之后经皮激光椎间盘减压术报道逐步增多。1969年美国神经外科专家Sussman首先提出用胶原酶注入椎间盘治疗此病。1981年Sussman首先报道应用胶原酶对29例腰椎间盘突出症患者进行治疗获得成功。1983年在西德召开的有关胶原酶溶解术国际会议上,美国科学家报告了研究结果,疗效高达80％。     

医源性创伤性后尿道假道形成的诊断和防治

医源性创伤性后尿道假道报道较少。本文报告8例。对其形成原因、发病机制、诊断治疗和预防进行了探讨。     

阿苯达唑不良反应85例分析

阿苯达唑片(肠虫清)广泛用于治疗蛔虫、蛲虫、钩虫、鞭虫、绦虫等感染所致的多种肠道寄生虫病。随着临床应用,有关肠虫清不良反应的报道逐渐增多。我们通过对1994～2006年国内中文医药期刊进行检索,发现肠虫清不良反应85例。现分析报告如下。1调查资料1.1调查方法通过关键词检索查阅1994～2006年有关肠虫清不良反应报告文献,按照药物不良反应判断标准,对所报道的临床资料进行核查。对资料较完整的病例进行分类统计,并对肠虫清所致不良反应进行回顾性分析。1.2结果在20种中文医药期刊中,检索到22篇有肠虫清不良反应的报道,共85例,其中男41例,…     

非手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症120例观察

作者近十年来采用以针刺为主的非手术综合疗法对此症进行了治疗,收到了比较满意的疗效,并对其中的120例进行了总结,现报道如下。     

SHCS—P与肝包虫病关系的初步探讨

血清肝癌特异蛋白(SHCS-P)检测,是一种对肝癌诊断具有特异性强、敏感度高、快速、简便的新技术。但是在肝包虫病的检测中的应用,还未见报道,四北地区是肝包虫病的高发区之一,为此我们对184例肝包虫患者进行了这项实验研究。现将实验结果报道如下:     

乙型肝炎病毒S基因插入和点突变株感染及其血清学特征

为探讨乙型肝炎病毒感染血清学不典型表现的分子病毒学基础,用聚合酶链反应产物直接序列分析测定中国人感染的ＨＢＶ Ｓ基因核苷酸序列。结果发现：１５例ＨＢｓＡｇ阴性ＨＢＶ感染者中,１例第５５２位碱基胸腺嘧啶被胞嘧啶,导致ＨＢｓＡｇ第１３３位蛋氨酸被氨酸替代;３例第５４６位碱基Ｃ被Ｔ替换,导致ＨＢｓＡｇ第１３１位苏氨酸被异亮氨酸替代。     

Epiphyseal osteochondromas with autosomal dominant inheritance and multiple parosteal bone proliferations

The familial cases of dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica (DEH), or Trevor’s disease, are thought to represent dominant carpotarsal osteochondromatosis (DCO). Only three families affected by DCO have been reported so far in the literature. We report a fourth family: a 10-year-old girl, her father, and his cousin. Unlike the other reported cases of DCO this family had no carpal or upper limb epiphyseal osteochondromas and many of the other reported associations. The only consistent associated finding in our cases was the presence of multiple parosteal osteochondromatous proliferations. The findings of our cases are, therefore, unique in many ways. These cases may represent a variant of dominant carpotarsal osteochondromatosis or may represent a new entity.     

北海地区新生儿脐血血红蛋白电泳实验结果分析

目的了解北海地区新生儿地中海贫血的发病率,为临床诊断及预防提供依据。方法对本院2006年7月～2010年6月共5766份新生儿脐血标本进行琼脂糖电泳,并对Hb区带进行扫描定量分析。结果在5766份脐血标本中,检出Hb Bart阳性（≥1.0%）437例,阳性率为7.579%。根据Hb Bart含量推算,静止型、标准型α-地中海贫血、HbH病、HbBart胎儿水肿综合征的阳性率分别为2.099%、5.376%、0.087%和0.017%。另外发现异常血红蛋白病共17例,发生率为0.295%,其中HbE11例,HbG2例,HbC-S1例,HbJ 2例,HbK1例。结论北海市属于地中海贫血高发区,使用全自动电泳仪对脐血定量检测分析能早期、方便地对新生儿α-地中海贫血进行筛查。     

Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, type Jansen

The Jansen type of metaphyseal dysplasia is a rare disorder with significant clinical and radiographic variability. Two cases of classical Jansen disease and one with some distinctive features suggestive of the Jansen variant are reported.     

Fat-forming variant of solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura: CT findings

The fat-forming variant of solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) was previously called lipomatous haemangiopericytoma and is a rare variant of solitary fibrous tumour. It predominantly occurs in the deep soft tissues of the retroperitoneum and thigh. Only a handful of cases involving the perineum, spine, thoracic wall and pelvic cavity have been reported in the radiological literature and the fat-forming variant of SFT involving the pleura has not been previously reported. Herein, we report the CT findings of a case of the fat-forming variant of SFT involving the pleura that was treated by excision. Chest CT showed a large lobulated heterogeneous fatty mass with a multifocal enhancing soft-tissue component in the left lower hemithorax. Although rare, the fat-forming variant of SFT of the pleura should be added to the differential diagnosis of fat-containing pleural soft-tissue tumours.     

Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography diagnosis of choledochal cyst involving the cystic duct: report of three cases

Here we describe three cases of choledochal cyst involving the cystic duct or isolated dilatation of the cystic duct. All cases were visualised on MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) imaging. We report findings of ultrasonography, CT and MRCP. These cases are extremely rare; nine cases have been reported in the English-language literature. This anomaly was not included in Todani's classifications of choledochal cysts, a system that is accepted worldwide. We think that this variant anomaly will be included in this classification system in the near future.     

Congenital unilateral hydrocephalus--CT findings

Congenital unilateral hydrocephalus is extremely uncommon with 18 cases previously reported in the English literature. Two additional newborns with unilateral hydrocephalus are presented. The second baby also presented a mega cisterna magna. This unusual association between Dandy-Walker variant and unilateral hydrocephalus has not been previously reported. Following ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, the babies had a normal cognitive neurodevelopment. The role of cranial computed tomography (CT) in diagnosis and follow-up is emphasized.     

Pineal cyst: normal or pathological?

Review of 500 consecutive MRI studies was undertaken to assess the frequency and the appearances of cystic pineal glands. Cysts were encountered in 2.4% of cases. Follow-up examination demonstrated no change in these cysts and they were considered to be a normal variant. Size, MRI appearances and signs associated with this condition are reported in order to establish criteria of normality.     

Anomalous origin of the anterior inferior cerebellar arteries from the internal carotid artery

Summary Two cases of the anterior inferior cerebellar arteries originating from the cavernous and precavernous segments of the internal carotid artery are reported. In one case the course of the anomalous artery was confirmed by autopsy. This anomalous artery is considered to be a variant of persistent primitive trigeminal artery. The clinical significance is discussed briefly.     

Primary intracranial myxopapillary ependymomas: report of two cases and review of the literature

Myxopapillary ependymoma is a variant of ependymoma occurring almost exclusively in the conus medullaris or filum terminale. Myxopapillary ependymoma found primarily in the brain is extremely rare. Two such cases appearing at the 4th ventricle and cerebral falx are reported. The imaging features of such tumors are a primary cystic mass with strong enhancement at its solid part. Myxopapillary ependymoma should be a possible differential diagnosis when an intracranial cystic tumor is found.