16层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影与动态心电图对冠心病的诊断价值

目的评价16层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影与12导联动态心电图(AECG)对冠心病的诊断价值。方法行16层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影、AECG与选择性冠状动脉造影(SCA)检查,分析左冠状动脉的通畅性、狭窄部位、严重程度以及心电图心肌缺血的程度、部位、持续时间;PTCA+支架术后患者与术前AECG心肌缺血的程度变化。将3项检查结果对照,评价16层螺旋CT与AECG的临床应用价值。结果以SCA为金标准,16层螺旋CT诊断冠状动脉狭窄的灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为88.9%、87.5%、87.9%;阳性预测值与阴性预测值分别为71.1%和95.8%。AECG诊断心肌缺血的灵敏度、特异度分别为67%和87.5%,15例患者PTCA及支架术后2W内AECGST段变化的程度、持续时间、发生阵次与术前相比差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论16层螺旋CT是一项新的有发展前途的冠心病诊断方法,能通过高的空间分辨率结合心电门控技术有效诊断冠心病及预测其危险度,并结合AECG检查提高冠心病的检出率。     

冠状动脉CT成像与冠状动脉造影的比较研究

目的 比较16层螺旋CT和冠状动脉造影对冠心病的诊断价值。方法 23例患者行16层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像(回顾性心电门控、0．42s螺旋扫描),并与冠状动脉造影(CAG)对照。结果 在23例患者中,MSCT显示轻度狭窄13处,中度狭窄12处,重度狭窄8处。CAG发现轻度狭窄8处,中度狭窄9处,重度狭窄7处。结论 冠状动脉造影可能低估冠状动脉病变的严重程度,冠状动脉CT成像是对冠心病的早期诊断的有效补充。     

64层螺旋CT对老年冠状动脉疾病患者的诊断价值评价

目的探讨64层螺旋CT对老年冠状动脉疾病患者的诊断价值。方法对61例疑为冠心病的老年患者进行冠状动脉64层螺旋CT扫描,并于1周之内进行冠状动脉造影检查。以冠状动脉造影为“金标准”,评价冠状动脉64层螺旋CT诊断老年冠状动脉疾病患者的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确度。结果61例患者总计915个冠状动脉节段,64层螺旋CT能够评价其中882个节段(96．4％),其检测中度以上冠状动脉狭窄的敏感性75．6％,特异性88．1％,阳性预测值64．0％,阴性预测值92．8％,准确度85．4％。结论64层螺旋CT对老年冠状动脉疾病患者具有较高的诊断价值,有可能成为筛查老年人冠心病的一个较为可靠的无创检测手段     

16层螺旋CT对冠状动脉疾病的诊断价值

目的：评价16层螺旋CT诊断冠状动脉疾病的准确性及局限性。方法：20例患者做16层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像(回顾性心电门控、0．42s螺旋扫描)，并与常规冠状动脉造影对照。结果：在20例患者的136个节段(血管直径≥2mm)中，CT图像能满足诊断要求的有122个节段(占89．7％)。对于CT图像能满足诊断要求的冠状动脉节段，显示中度或中度以上狭窄的敏感度和特异度分别为87．5％和96．6％。若将不能满足诊断要求的14个节段包括在内，则显示中度或中度以上狭窄的敏感度为77．7％。结论：在冠状动脉中高度狭窄的诊断上，16层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像是一种有效的无创性诊断方法。局限性是时间分辨率较低，伪影的影响不可避免。     

64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像对冠心病合并糖尿病患者冠脉病变的诊断价值研究

目的评价64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像在冠心病（CAD）合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变诊断中的价值。方法345例应用64排螺旋CT疑诊为CAD的糖尿病患者,以冠状动脉造影（CAG）结果为金指标,评价64排螺旋CT在CAD诊断中的价值。对3568支冠状动脉血管进行选择性CAG检查,将两种方法的检查结果进行对照分析。结果64排螺旋CT对冠状动脉狭窄的诊断与CAG比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。64排螺旋CT显示多排螺旋CT血管造影（MSCTA）诊断冠状动脉狭窄有较高的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值。结论64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像技术是一项可靠的CAD诊断方法,作为一项非创伤性检查技术,是评价冠状动脉病变的重要手段。     

64层螺旋CT血管成像与冠状动脉造影对冠心病诊断价值的对比研究

目的评价64层螺旋CT在冠状动脉造影方面的诊断价值。方法58例临床诊断或可疑冠心病患者行64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像检查,分别对左主干、左前降支、回旋支和右冠状动脉及其分支的重建图像行影像学评价,所有患者均行常规选择性冠状动脉造影检查作为对照。结果58例患者共757(87.0%)节段的冠状动脉(血管直径≥1.5 mm)成像,638节段(84.3%)可用于多层螺旋CT和冠状动脉造影定量分析。冠状动脉造影共发现狭窄101节段,多层螺旋CT发现狭窄104节段,多层螺旋CT对冠状动脉狭窄诊断的敏感性为86.1%,特异性为96.8%。结论64层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影可作为诊断冠状动脉病变的一种无创筛选方法。     

256层螺旋CT对冠状动脉狭窄的评估

目的：应用256层螺旋CT对冠状动脉狭窄进行评估。方法：回顾性分析126例拟诊冠心病患者行256层螺旋CT （CTA）和冠状动脉造影（CAG）检查的资料。以 CAG结果为诊断冠心病的“金标准”,分析 CTA检测冠心病的准确度、灵敏度、特异度、阴性预测值与阳性预测值,并分析二者诊断冠状动脉狭窄的一致性。结果：以CAG结果为诊断冠心病的“金标准”, CTA 检测393段冠脉节段冠状动脉狭窄的准确度为89.3％,灵敏度为91.4％,特异度为84.9％,阴性预测值为82.3％,阳性预测值为92.8％,Kappa值＝0.755,P＜0.01。结论：256层螺旋CT可较好地显示冠状动脉狭窄,作为简单易行的无创性检查,对血管狭窄诊断的敏感性高。可作为亚健康人群的早期筛查和冠心病的复查可靠方法。     

双源螺旋CT对冠状动脉狭窄程度的诊断价值

目的分析双源螺旋CT对冠状动脉狭窄程度的诊断价值。方法随机选取日照市精神卫生中心2015年2月—2017年2月收治的疑似冠心病患者124例,所有患者行双源螺旋CT冠状动脉检查后第5~21天再次行选择性冠状动脉造影,以冠状动脉造影检查结果作为金标准,分析双源螺旋CT对冠状动脉轻度狭窄、中度狭窄及重度狭窄的诊断价值。结果 124例疑似冠心病患者直径≥1.5mm的冠状动脉共1736支,其中显示良好1704支、钙化32支。双源螺旋CT诊断冠状动脉轻度狭窄的灵敏度为67.8%,特异度为95.3%,阳性预测值为75.1%,阴性预测值为93.7%,准确率为92.8%;双源螺旋CT诊断冠状动脉中度狭窄的灵敏度为67.9%,特异度为98.7%,阳性预测值为93.4%,阴性预测值为94.9%,准确率为96.2%;双源螺旋CT诊断冠状动脉重度狭窄的灵敏度为72.3%,特异度为98.9%,阳性预测值为95.1%,阴性预测值为97.8%,准确率为95.0%。结论双源螺旋CT诊断冠状动脉狭窄的准确率较高。     

冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者行双源CT冠状动脉造影的相关研究

目的:探讨双源CT冠状动脉造影在冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者中的应用价值.方法:选择内黄县第二人民医院心内科临床确诊冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者88例行双源CT冠状动脉造影检查,并同期行选择性冠状动脉造影.双源CT的原始数据均行曲面重组、容积再现、横断面重建及最大密度投影.结果:352支血管中(直径≥2mm),双源CT冠状动脉造影显示≥50％狭窄的血管为163支,占46.3％选择性冠状动脉造影显示≥50％狭窄的血管为155支,占44％.与选择性冠状动脉造影对照分析,双源CT冠状动脉造影评价冠状动脉狭窄(≥50％狭窄)的特异性、敏感性、阳性预测值以及阴性预测值分别为89.9％、92.3％、87.7％和93.7％.结论:双源CT冠状动脉造影是检测冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉狭窄的较可靠的方法.     

62例冠脉支架术后患者的64排螺旋CT与冠脉造影结果分析

目的探讨64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像评价冠状动脉支架通畅性的临床应用价值。方法对62例冠状动脉支架置入术后患者的86枚支架行64排螺旋CT扫描，对照冠脉造影检查结果，评价64排螺旋CT在冠脉支架术后再狭窄的诊断价值。结果针对62例患者置入的86枚支架进行了以冠脉造影为“金标准”的诊断试验评价，无创冠状动脉造影（冠脉CTA）对冠脉支架内再狭窄的诊断的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为88．9％、98．6％、66．7％和98．6％。结论冠脉CTA对冠脉支架内再狭窄患者有高的阴性预测值，可应用于冠脉支架术后随访。     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.