带肌瓣的旋股外侧动脉降支穿支皮瓣修复合并死腔的小腿软组织缺损

目的探讨带肌瓣的旋股外侧动脉降支穿支皮瓣修复合并死腔的小腿软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法自2015年1月至2019年12月,对深圳市中西医结合医院手外科收治的12例合并死腔的小腿软组织缺损伤的患者,采用带肌瓣的旋股外侧动脉降支穿支皮瓣修复,皮瓣切取面积6.0 cm×6.0 cm～15.0 cm×8.0 cm,肌瓣体积5.0 cm×3.0 cm×3.0 cm～13.0 cm×3.0 cm×3.0 cm。皮瓣的穿支动脉与受区的胫前动脉或胫后动脉吻合,伴行静脉与受区胫前动脉或胫后动脉的伴行静脉吻合。术后定期随访。结果 12例皮瓣未发生血管危象,全部成活,伤口均无感染,一期愈合。随访6～18个月,皮瓣成活且外形良好,无臃肿、溃疡、骨髓炎发生,患肢功能恢复较满意。结论带肌瓣的旋股外侧动脉降支穿支皮瓣抗感染力强,能良好的填塞死腔,有效地预防伤口感染及骨髓炎的发生,临床效果好,是一种良好修复合并死腔的小腿软组织缺损的治疗方法。     

吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣移植修复足部软组织缺损

目的总结吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣移植修复足部软组织缺损的临床应用结果。方法修复8例足部软组织缺损，阔筋膜瓣的血管蒂与受区的血管行端端吻合。结果阔筋膜瓣术后全部成活，取得了满意的临床效果。1例阔筋膜瓣术后发生远端尖部小片植皮坏死，经交换敷料逐渐自行愈合。供区没有发生明显的功能障碍。结论阔筋膜瓣以旋股外侧动脉降支为血供，血运丰富、血管解剖恒定、血管蒂长以及切取容易，而且较薄，适宜修复足部软组织缺损。     

应用吻合血管的游离肌腱瓣修复陈旧性跟腱缺损

目的 探讨股直肌联合股外侧肌肌腱瓣移植修复陈旧性跟腱缺损的临床疗效.方法 应用旋股外侧动脉降支肌穿支或肌间隙穿支为血供,切取股直肌联合股外侧肌腱瓣行吻合血管移植,修复陈旧性跟腱断裂伴肌腱缺损5例.切取肌腱瓣7cm×3cm～ 15cm×3 cm.与胫后动、静脉穿支血管吻合修复.结果 术后创口一期愈合.术后随访9～40个月,踝关节屈伸功能良好.小腿三头肌肌力均恢复Ⅳ级以上,提踵试验阴性.供区愈合满意,股四头肌肌力正常.结论 股直肌、股外侧肌肌腱瓣具有血供丰富、血管解剖容易、肌腱强度好的优点,股直肌联合股外侧肌肌腱瓣移植是修复陈旧性跟腱断裂伴肌腱缺损的有效方法之一.     

阔筋膜瓣移植修复手背软组织缺损

目的:采用吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣移植修复手背软组织缺损,观察其临床应用效果。方法:修复12例(男8例,女4例)手背软组织缺损;右手7例,左手5例;年龄16~46岁(平均30岁)。缺损范围4 cm×6 cm~8 cm×15 cm,切取阔筋膜瓣范围5.0 cm×7.5 cm~8 cm×16 cm。行Ⅰ期中厚网状游离植皮,供区直接缝合,阔筋膜瓣的血管蒂与受区的血管行端端吻合。结果:1例术后发生远端尖部小片植皮坏死,经更换敷料逐渐自行愈合。11例术后经过顺利,全部成活,取得了满意的临床效果。结论:该筋膜瓣以旋股外侧动脉降支为血供,血运丰富,血管解剖恒定,血管蒂长以及切取容易,而且较薄,适宜修复手背软组织缺损。     

吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣移植修复手指软组织缺损

目的 总结吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣移植修复手指软组织缺损的临床应用结果.方法 修复8例手指软组织缺损,行一期阔筋膜瓣移植加中厚网状游离植皮,供区直接缝合,阔筋膜瓣的血管蒂与受区的血管行端端吻合.结果 1例术后发生远端小片植皮坏死,经更换敷料逐渐自行愈合.7例术后经过顺利,全部成活,取得了满意的治疗效果.结论 该筋膜瓣以旋股外侧动脉降支为血供,血运丰富、血管解剖恒定、血管蒂长易于切取,而且较薄,适宜修复手指软组织缺损.     

吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣游离移植及皮片修复手部创伤性缺损

目的　考察应用吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣游离移植 ,联合皮片修复手部软组织缺损的临床效果。方法　共行手术 8例 ,切取的阔筋膜瓣最大 6cm× 1 6cm ,最小 3cm× 8cm。结果　移植的阔筋膜瓣和皮片全部成活 ,取得了预期的效果。结论　以旋股外侧动脉降支为血管蒂的阔筋膜瓣 ,血管解剖恒定 ,蒂长 ,切取容易 ,且瓣较薄 ,适宜修复手部软组织缺损     

旋股外侧动脉降支多叶组织瓣修复手部多部位软组织缺损

目的 探讨旋股外侧动脉降支多叶瓣修复手部多部位软组织缺损的手术方法和临床效果。方法对手部多部位软组织缺损15例,采用旋股外侧动脉降支多叶瓣修复,根据手部缺损情况设计股前外侧皮瓣,沿皮瓣穿支血管向远端继续解剖旋股外侧动脉降支,考虑好手部各缺损处间距,按需切取分叶穿支皮瓣、阔筋膜瓣、股直肌肌瓣、股外侧肌肌瓣、股中间肌肌瓣或旋股外侧动脉降支远端肌间隔瓣。形成以旋股外侧动脉降支为主干的一蒂多叶瓣,在肌瓣及阔筋膜瓣上植皮,一次修复手部多部位软组织缺损。 结果 术后无血管危象发生。修复各创面在肌瓣、阔筋膜瓣或旋股外侧动脉降支远端血管肌间隔上植皮均成活良好,外形无臃肿,植皮处恢复保护性感觉,供区创面愈合好,股四头肌肌力及膝关节屈、伸活动均正常。全部病例获得随访,随访时间6 ～ 20个月,平均8.7个月。按中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定标准：优3例,良9例,可3例,优良率80％。 结论 旋股外侧动脉降支多叶瓣能一次修复手部多部位软组织缺损,缩短手术时间及疗程,手部功能恢复良好,外形满意,是修复手部多部位软组织缺损的理想方法。     

游离旋股外侧动脉降支穿支皮瓣修复小腿及足踝部软组织缺损15例

目的探讨采用游离旋股外侧动脉降支穿支皮瓣移植修复小腿及足踝部软组织缺损的临床效果。方法 2015年10月-2019年9月,对15例小腿及足踝部软组织缺损患者,均采用游离旋股外侧动脉降支穿支皮瓣完全或部分修复。本组病例创面均位于小腿中下段2/3及足踝部,皮瓣切取面积:8cm×12cm～10 cm×25 cm。结果术后14例皮瓣成活良好,1例皮瓣远端坏死,经换药后愈合。术后随访6～18个月,皮瓣成活良好,质地柔软,受区外观良好,供区愈合良好,患肢功能良好。结论对于小腿及足踝部软组织缺损创面,游离旋股外侧动脉降支穿支皮瓣移植修复临床效果满意。     

游离股前外侧筋膜瓣移植与重塑植皮修复手、足皮肤软组织缺损

目的探讨股前外侧筋膜瓣游离移植成活后重塑植皮修复手、足软组织缺损的临床效果。方法2000年1月～2005年7月,应用吻合血管的远端带有观察岛状皮瓣的股前外筋膜瓣移植,成活后7～10d行筋膜瓣肉芽重塑,游离植皮修复手部软组织缺损9例、足背软组织缺损2例,筋膜瓣面积8cm×15cm～10cm×22cm。结果11例吻合血管的筋膜瓣全部成活,重塑后植皮全部成活。所有患者术后获3～18个月随访,受区外形、功能恢复满意。结论以旋股外侧动脉降支为血管蒂的筋膜瓣,血管解剖恒定、蒂长、切取容易,成活后重塑植皮,瓣薄平整、外形功能好,适宜修复手、足软组织缺损创面。     

吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣加游离皮片移植修复手部软组织缺损

目的总结吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣加游离皮片移植修复手部软组织缺损的临床应用效果。方法1998年5月～2005年2月修复18例手部软组织缺损,行一期中厚网状游离植皮,供区直接缝合,阔筋膜瓣的血管蒂与受区的血管行端端吻合。结果术后1例因静脉危象失败,2例发生远端尖部小片植皮坏死,经换药后逐渐愈合。15例患者术后顺利成活,术后获1～6年(平均3．5年)随访,供区愈合良好,受区质地及厚薄均较好,手部功能恢复满意。结论阔筋膜瓣以旋股外侧动脉降支为血供,血运丰富、血管解剖恒定、血管蒂长及切取容易,其质地及厚薄均适宜修复手部软组织缺损。     

游离修薄股前外侧穿支皮瓣的临床应用

目的 探讨应用游离修薄股前外侧穿支皮瓣修复前臂、手、足部创面的临床疗效.方法 先确定皮瓣穿支血管部位,以此为中心,设计皮瓣并切取,保留阔筋膜盘约4.0 cm × 3.0 cm～3.0 cm×2.5 cm:"沙丘样"削除阔筋膜、皮下脂肪,皮瓣四周可将皮下脂肪完全削去,仅保留真皮层.采用游离修薄股前外侧穿支皮瓣修复前臂、手、足部创伤性软组织缺损15例.结果 全部病例术后无血管危象发生,有1例修复前臂创面皮瓣远端约2.0 cm×1.2 cm浅表坏死,经换药愈合.15例术后经3个月～2年随访,皮瓣外形、质地良好,两点辨别觉为8.0～10.0 mm.结论 游离修薄股前外侧穿支皮瓣外形、质地优良,受区感觉恢复良好,对供区创伤小,不需二期整形,是修复手、足部创面优良供区.     

游离胸背动脉穿支皮瓣桥式移植修复小腿软组织缺损

目的总结游离胸背动脉穿支皮瓣或肌瓣桥式移植修复小腿软组织缺损的临床应用效果。方法自2006年9月至2009年1月,应用游离胸背动脉穿支皮瓣或肌瓣桥式移植修复小腿软组织缺损11例,缺损范围4cm×8cm至8cm×22cm。皮瓣切取连带肩胛下与旋肩胛血管,血管蒂呈T形,与健侧小腿胫后动脉行端端吻合,血管蒂用中厚网状游离植皮覆盖。结果除1例术后皮瓣远端发生小的表浅感染,经换药后愈合外,本组皮瓣全部成活。术后随访9个月至3.6年(平均2.9年),没有发现明显的供区功能障碍,供区与受区外形较好,健侧小腿经临床观察与Doppler检查,胫后动脉通畅。结论本方法适用于修复四肢软组织缺损后,患者仅存1条主要动脉者;行桥式游离胸背动脉穿支皮瓣或肌瓣移植不损伤健侧小腿胫后动脉,降低了对供区的损伤。     

Face resurfacing using a cervicothoracic skin flap prefabricated by lateral thigh fascial flap and tissue expander

Background: Resurfacing of facial massive soft tissue defect is a formidable challenge because of the unique character of the region and the limitation of well‐matched donor site. In this report, we introduce a technique for using the prefabricated cervicothoracic skin flap for facial resurfacing, in an attempt to meet the principle of flap selection in face reconstructive surgery for matching the color and texture, large dimension, and thinner thickness (MLT) of the recipient. Materials: Eleven patients with massive facial scars underwent resurfacing procedures with prefabricated cervicothoracic flaps. The vasculature of the lateral thigh fascial flap, including the descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex vessels and the surrounding muscle fascia, was used as the vascular carrier, and the pedicles of the fascial flap were anastomosed to either the superior thyroid or facial vessels in flap prefabrication. A tissue expander was placed beneath the fascial flap to enlarge the size and reduce the thickness of the flap. Results: The average size of the harvested fascia flap was 6.5 × 11.7 cm. After a mean interval of 21.5 weeks, the expanders were filled to a mean volume of 1,685 ml. The sizes of the prefabricated skin flaps ranged from 12 × 15 cm to 15 × 32 cm. The prefabricated skin flaps were then transferred to the recipient site as pedicled flaps for facial resurfacing. All facial soft tissue defects were successfully covered by the flaps. The donor sites were primarily closed and healed without complications. Although varied degrees of venous congestion were developed after flap transfers, the marginal necrosis only occurred in two cases. The results in follow‐up showed most resurfaced faces restored natural contour and regained emotional expression. Conclusion: MLT is the principle for flap selection in resurfacing of the massive facial soft tissue defect. Our experience in this series of patients demonstrated that the prefabricated cervicothoracic skin flap could be a reliable alternative tool for resurfacing of massive facial soft tissue defects. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2009.     

Repair of severe composite tissue defects in the lower leg using two different cross-leg free composite tissue flaps

This article reports 2 cross-leg free composite tissue flaps for repairing the severe composite tissue defects in lower leg without suitable adjacent recipient vasculature for microvascular anastomosis. The osseous myocutaneous flap of ilium and tensor fascia lata pedicled with ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex vessels and the osseous muscle flap of scapula and latissimus dorsi pedicled with subscapular vessels were performed, respectively, to reconstruct the bone and soft-tissue defects in the lower leg of 2 patients. Both donor vessels were the posterior tibial artery and great saphenous vein from the contralateral lower leg. The legs and the bone flaps were immobilized by an external fixator. The periods of pedicle division were 43 and 67 days, respectively, after transplantation. Both flaps survived after pedicle division and the patients regained the ability to walk. There were no such complications as joint stiffness or donor site morbidity except for a linear scar. The 2 cross-leg free composite tissue flaps were optional methods for salvaging limbs that were otherwise nonreconstructable. But the indication for cross-leg free-tissue flap should be limited strictly.     

应用吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣联合游离皮片移植修复手指软组织缺损的经验介绍

目的介绍应用吻合血管的阔筋膜瓣联合游离皮片移植修复手指软组织缺损的经验。方法临床应用５例９指。阔筋膜瓣的面积最大为６ｃｍ×９ｃｍ,最小为２．５ｃｍ×７．０ｃｍ。结果移植的阔筋膜瓣全部成活,植于其上的中厚皮片除２例有小块坏死外,其余也全部成活。术后随访１～４年,除１指的近节指间关节、１指的掌指关节屈曲受限外,其余手指伸屈活动正常,效果满意。结论该筋膜瓣以旋股外侧动脉降支为供血来源,血管解剖恒定,血管蒂长,切取容易。移植后的筋膜皮瓣较薄,适于修复手指软组织缺损。