人脑胶质瘤克隆细胞的放射敏感性

本实验以体外集落形成单位为终点指标,观察了人脑胶质瘤细胞DEF 7A的4个克隆细胞株 K_1、K_2、K_4及K_5受小剂量 0、0.1、0.2、0.5、1.0和2.0 Gy X线照射及受大剂量0、4、8、10和12Gy照射后细胞的种植系数、存活分数及剂量存活曲线。结果表明,K_1细胞的D_0值为4.56Gy,K_2的D_0值为4.43Gy,K_4的D_0值为3.63Gy,K_5的D_0值为4.58Gy。说明DEF7A人脑胶质瘤的4个克隆细胞具有不同的放射敏感性。     

电离辐射对γ—干扰素产生的影响

本实验对大剂量(0.5～8.0Gy)和小剂量(25～250 mGy)X射线照射后,C_(57)BL/6小鼠脾细胞γ-干扰素(IFNγ)产生的变化进行了观察,结果表明:全身大剂量单次照射后,脾细胞IFNγ的产生随照射剂量增高呈直线性下降,D_(37)=1.91Gy,以照射后1～4天下降最显著;离体大剂量单次照射后脾细胞IFNγ产生的变化规律与整体照射相似,但辐射敏感性较整体照射低,D_(37)=4.18～4.87Gy;小剂量照射后脾细胞IFNγ的产生未见减少,相反在75和100 mGy组出现明显的刺激作用。     

~(60)Coγ射线对HeLa细胞端粒酶活性的影响

目的　探讨γ射线对人宫颈癌细胞系HeLa端粒酶活性的影响。方法　不同剂量的γ射线照射HeLa细胞后 2 4、72、12 0h ,用TRAP ELISA法检测端粒酶的活性。结果　γ射线照射后细胞能增加端粒酶的活性。较低剂量(0 .5～ 1.5Gy)γ射线照射后 2 4h ,端粒酶的活性呈剂量依赖式增加 ;2～ 3Gy时增加的幅度减低 ;而较高剂量 (4 12Gy)γ射线照射时 ,又呈剂量依赖式增加。与照射后 2 4h相比 ,在较高剂量 (4 12Gy)照射后 72及 12 0h ,酶的活性呈剂量依赖式减少。结论　HeLa细胞受γ射线照射后 ,端粒酶活性增加 ;不同剂量范围 ,增加幅度不同。     

Time-effect of adaptive response of mouse thymocyte apoptosis and cell cycle progression induced by low dose radiation

目的 :观察低剂量辐射 (LDR)诱导胸腺细胞凋亡及细胞周期进程适应性反应的基本规律。方法 :用 X射线照射昆明系雄性小鼠 ,其诱导剂量 (D1)及其后攻击剂量 (D2 )分别是 75m Gy和 1.5Gy。D1和 D2 间隔时间分别是 3、6、12、2 4和 6 0 h。D2 照射后 18h胸腺细胞培养 4、2 0和 4 4 h用流式细胞仪检测胸腺细胞凋亡小体 (TAB)和细胞周期进程的变化。结果 :当 D1和 D2 间隔 3、6和 12 h,在 D2 照射后胸腺细胞培养 4和 2 0 h,D1+ D2 组 TAB百分数明显低于 D2 组 (P<0 .0 5) ,G0 / G1和 G2 + M期细胞百分数也不同程度地低于 D2 组 ,而 S期细胞百分数却明显高于 D2 组 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1)。结论 :D1和D2 分别是 75m Gy(剂量率 ,12 .5m Gy/ min)和 1.5Gy(剂量率 ,0 .2 87Gy/ min) ,D1和 D2 间隔 3～ 12 h,在小鼠全身照射后其胸腺细胞培养 4和 2 0 h可诱导细胞凋亡和细胞周期进程的适应性反应。     

不同剂量X线照射对小鼠免疫功能损伤的动态观察研究

目的:观察不同剂量X线照射对小鼠免疫功能的影响进而研究辐射损伤的机制.方法:100只小鼠随机分为0Gy、2Gy和8 Gy3个剂量组,三个干预组分别为20、30、50只小鼠.分别用X射线全身照射1次,照射后4h、3d和14d,分别抽取小鼠眼球血,用流式细胞仪进行外周血T淋巴细胞亚群CD4 和CD8 的测定.另取出新鲜胸腺和脾脏分别研碎,制成细胞悬液,用流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡率.结果:不同剂量的X线照射后4h,胸腺和脾脏细胞的凋亡率即明显升高,3天时达高峰,14天时略有恢复.且同一时段细胞的凋亡率与照射剂量成正比.外周血淋巴细胞亚群数量改变,CD4 与CD8 均下降,其中以CD8 T细胞对辐射最为敏感,下降幅度最大.结论:本实验着重观察了大剂量X射线整体照射后,小鼠胸腺、脾脏及外周血淋巴细胞凋亡的规律.     

小鼠脾脏NK细胞的辐射效应

用~(125)I—UdR释放法检测了不同剂量(0. 025～18Gy)X线全身照射后24h小鼠脾脏NK细胞活性。发现高剂量辐射(4～18Gy)时,NK细胞活性降低,低剂量辐射(0. 025～0. 5Gy)时,NK细胞活性增高。根据全脾细胞数量随照射剂量增加发生的急剧变化,进一步验证了NK细胞具有相对辐射抗性。基于本实验结果,提出了低剂量辐射对NK细胞活性可能具有辐射刺激作用。     

低水平~(60)Co-γ射线全身照射诱导家兔外周血淋巴细胞的遗传学适应性反应研究

用~(60)Co-γ射线对家兔进行慢性全身均匀照射,当累积剂量分别达到0.3、0.75、0.9、1.2、1.5、1.8Gy时,取外周血G_o期和G_2期淋巴细胞,再均以1.5Gy X射线照射。制备染色体标木观察有无适应性反应及其剂量范围。结果证明D_1+D_2(G_o期)组,D_1在0.3～1.5Gy之间;D_1+D_2(G_2期)组D_1在0.3～1.2Gy剂量范围内均可诱导出明显地适应性反应。     

Effects of whole body irradiation with X—rays on the expression of TfR on lymphocytes in spleens of mice

目的:通过研究不同剂量X射线全身照射后小鼠脾淋巴细胞运铁蛋白(TfR)表达的变化,探讨电离辐射后TfR对免疫功能的作用.方法:应用直接免疫荧光抗体和流式细胞仪检测TfR表达的变化.结果:75 mGy X射线全身照射后24 h和72 h,脾脏中TfR阳性表达细胞数显著增加;但1～6 Gy X射线全身照射后24 h,脾脏中TfR阳性表达细胞数显著减少.同时检测的IL-2活性显示出平行变化.结论:低剂量电离辐射时TfR增强免疫功能,而在高剂量电离辐射时TfR则抑制免疫功能.TfR表达的变化可能是因为电离辐射使IL-2活性改变所致.     

γ射线诱导人肝癌细胞表达B7-1共刺激分子的研究

目的　研究电离辐射与肿瘤细胞B7- 1分子表达之间的关系 ,探讨肿瘤细胞辐照后免疫原性增强的机制。方法　采用间接免疫荧光 -流式细胞仪分析技术 ,研究在用不同剂量γ射线照射SMMC - 772肝癌细胞后、培养不同时间内SMMC - 772细胞B7- 1共刺激分子的表达水平。并用3H -TdR释放法测定照射和未照射肿瘤细胞与淋巴细胞共反应后的细胞毒活性。结果　未照射和经 10、2 0、30Gy照射的人肝癌细胞不表达B7- 1分子。经 40、5 0、6 0Gy剂量照射后 ,SMMC - 772肝癌细胞表达B7- 1分子 ,最高达 6 6 .8± 1.3% ,与对照组比有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。表达时间的高峰在照射后培养 72h时 ,最低在照射后培养 2 4h时 (P <0 .0 5 )。细胞毒活性测定结果表明 ,表达B7- 1分子的SMMC - 72肝癌细胞与淋巴细胞共反应后 ,细胞毒活性明显高于未照射组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　γ射线可诱导肝癌细胞表达B7- 1分子 ,从而增强肿瘤细胞的免疫性     

Immunoenhancement in tumor-bearing mice induced by whole body X-irradiation with 75 mGy

目的 :本研究观察低剂量全身照射对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法 :C57BL/6J小鼠右后肢肌肉内接种 Lewis肺癌细胞 ,1 0 d后给予 75m Gy X射线全身照射 ,在照射后 1 8h处死小鼠并采用3 H- Td R掺入法或释放法测定荷瘤小鼠的胸腺细胞自发增殖力、脾细胞对 Con A和 LPS的反应性、脾脏内特异性细胞毒性淋巴细胞 ( CTL )和自然杀伤细胞 ( NK)以及淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞 ( LAK)的细胞毒效应。结果 :75m Gy X射线全身照射后荷瘤小鼠的上述免疫学参数明显高于假照射荷瘤小鼠 ( P<0 .0 1 )。结论 :低剂量辐射可显著提高荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能 ,可能在癌症防治中具有实际应用意义     

EMT—6肉瘤对脾脏抗体形成细胞的影响

BALB/c小鼠皮下接种EMT-6肉瘤后,脾有核细胞数增多,但单位重量脾组织有核细胞数保持相对稳定。接种肿瘤后1、2和4周分批腹腔注射SRBC免疫动物,免疫后4天取脾,用液相单层技术测定脾脏PFC反应。在肿瘤生长的1,2周免疫鼠PFC反应明显增强,分别相当于同龄对照鼠的185.0％和373.5％,而按定量细胞计分别相当于同龄对照鼠的126.9％和114.8％。移植肿瘤后4周免疫鼠PFC值较前者降低,相当于同龄对照鼠的291.0％和64.5％。PFC反应的增加远落后于有核细胞数的增多,说明抗原反应细胞的功能减弱。     

苯并(a)芘对金属硫蛋白基因敲除小鼠免疫功能的抑制

目的:观察苯并(a)芘[benzo(a)pyrene, B(a)P] 对金属硫蛋白(metallothionei n, MT)基因敲除的转基因小鼠[MT(-/-)]免疫功能的影响 .方法:选用MT(-/-)小鼠和野生型小鼠[MT(+/+)]进行对照,50 mg·kg -1体重的B(a)P 一次腹腔注射染毒后,检测动物对绵羊红细胞(sheep red blood ce lls, SRBC)的体液和细胞免疫功能变化.体液免疫指标为抗体形成细胞(plaque formation cells, PFC)数量.细胞免疫功能指标为迟发型变态反应(delayed-type hypersensitivi ty, DTH)的动物足跖厚度变化 .结果:MT(-/-)小鼠的脾脏重量在S RBC刺激后有明显增加,但在B(a)P染毒后被抑制.B(a)P染毒使MT(-/-)小鼠脾脏的的PFC 数明显减少,PFC抑制率达40.4%;而MT(+/+)小鼠没有观察到上述改变.B(a)P染毒对MT (-/-) 小鼠和MT(+/+)小鼠的细胞免疫反应的DTH未见明显影响.MT(-/-)小鼠和MT(+/+)小鼠的胸腺重量在B(a)P 染毒后都有减轻.结论:MT(-/-)小鼠的体液免疫功能更易被B(a)P抑制.提示MT具有保护小鼠不受B(a)P体液免疫损伤的功能.     

低剂量X线全身照射对小鼠甲状腺和肾上腺皮质功能的影响

本文报道,75mGyX线全身照射后4天,引起正常小鼠、SRBC免疫小鼠血浆中皮质酮含量降低,而血浆中 T_3、T_4的含量在照射后4天、7天均未见明显变化。提示75mGy照射后肾上腺皮质功能下调,而甲状腺功能未受影响。     

小鼠树突状细胞过继转移抗原作用的实验研究

用绵羊红细胞（SRBC）免疫小鼠,取其脾脏分离树突状细胞（dendriticcellsDCs）将这些带有抗原信息的DCs经尾静脉注射给小鼠．以观察DCs过继转移抗原的作用。结果表明,各试验组小鼠抗体形成细胞（AFC）及血清中SRBC处价明显高于对照组,P＜0．01,再次免疫DC组抗SRBC放价高于初次免疫DC组P＜0．05,提示：DCs具有过继转移抗原的作用。     

雷公藤挥发油对小鼠免疫功能的影响

观察雷公藤挥发油对小鼠免疫功能的影响,发现给药1周后,其可减少脾脏有核细胞数,减少 PFC 和 RFC 数目,抑制脾细胞对 ConA 诱导 T 细胞增殖的反应性,减轻DTH。这说明雷公藤挥发油对小鼠体液免疫和细胞免疫均有明显的抑制作用。     

LOW DOSE IONIZING RADIATION DOES NOT CAUSE RATIO CHANGES OF REGULATORY T SUBSETS IN MOUSE SPLEEN

<正> C57BL/6 mice were whole-body irradiated with 75 mGy X-rays with or without SRBC immunization. The splenic lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry with fluorescent monoclonal antibodies 4 and 7 days after irradiation. No significant changes were found in the ratio of helper to suppressor T lymphocytes after irradiation, no matter it was calculated from the percentage or the absolute number of the subsets. However, 4 days after irradiation plus immunization, the ratio was higher than that in the group with irradiation alone and that in the group with immunization alone probably due to the significant increase in number of the helper T cells in the spleen. The present study demonstrated that ionizing radiation per se in a dose within 0. 1 Gy would not significantly change the ratio of regulatory T subsets.     

Expression of JunB induced by X-rays in mice

Objective To explore JunB gene expression in spleen cells of mice after the whole body irradiation as well as in normal hematopoietic and leukemia cells in the primary culture after different dosages of X-ray irradiation. Methods Spleen cells were isolated from the mice irradiated with 3 Gy X-rays. Primary cultured cells from mice were incubated in different intervals after X-irradiation at different dosages. Total RNA was extracted from the cells and the fluctuation of JunB mRNA level was assessed by the RNA ratio of JunBIfA-actin measured by quantitative Northern blot hybridization.Results After the mice were exposed to 3 Gy X-rays irradiation, JunB expression in spleen cells was remarkably and rapidly increased, and reached its peak 0.5 h later in C3H/He mice and 1 h later in Balb/c mice. In the primary culture of normal spleen and leukemia cells, JunB mRNA levels increased 30 rain after irradiation. The enhanced levels of JunB mRNA were returned to a normal level within 240 rain after irradiation. Conclusions JunB gene is responsive to ionizing irradiation and is induced at immediate-early phase after the stimulation. This suggests that the JunB gene plays an important role in the early process of the cells against radiation.     

Influence of Ehrlich Ascitic Carcinoma on Immune System:Inhibition of Host Response to Thymus-dependent Antigen

The response of Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma(EAC)-bearing hosts tothymus-dependent antigen(TDA)was assayed by plaque forming cells(PFC)andhemagglutination(HA)tests.It was found that the number of antibody-formingcells(AFC)and titer of antibody to sheep red blood cells(SRBC)decreased withEAC development.Transfer of normal thymocytes and spleen cells could enhancethe response of the recipient to TDA,but transfer of those from EAC-bearingdonor could not.Normal bone marrow cells plus thymocytes or spleen cells fromEAC-bearing mice,in contrary to the cells from nomal donors,were inefficient inimmunological reconstitution when they were transplanted into lethally irradiatedrecipients.The results suggest that deficiency of host response to TDA might beassociated with the decline of helper cell activity in the thymus and spleen oftumor-bearing mice.     

Oral tolerance impairment in mice with staphylococci-induced wasting syndrome.

The effects of staphylococci-induced experimental wasting disease on the immune response of 1 month old CD1 mice were investigated. Animals were separated into different subgroups in order to study their cellular immune competence. Malnutrition of wasted mice was associated with anorexia, diarrhea and weakness. Footpad-injected splenic cells produced normal graft vs. host (GvH) reactions in the popliteal lymph nodes of F1 hybrids. In other experiments, the SRBC intragastric feeding of wasted mice did not cause a tolerant anti-erythrocyte humoral immune response. Three weeks after the staphylococci injections, convalescent erythrocyte-fed wasted mice exhibited an anti-SRBC PFC production similar to that observed in non-tolerant immunized control healthy mice. In return, healthy SRBC-fed control mice showed the specific attenuation of antibody response characteristics of oral tolerance. Differences were found between the immune competence of the undernourished staphylococci-treated wasted mice and those shown by other authors in protein-depleted mice.     

湿热环境对辐射损伤动物骨髓和脾脏的影响

目的研究湿热环境对辐射损伤动物骨髓和脾脏的影响。方法将实验动物分为室温组和湿热环境组，两组小鼠首先分别给予6．5Gyγ射线一次全身均匀照射，然后室温组立即置于室温环境中，湿热环境组则先接受湿热环境作用1h，再置于室温环境中。照后1、3、5、9、15d，分别取两组小鼠的骨髓和脾脏，获取骨髓有核细胞(BMC)数、骨髓细胞DNA、脾／体质量比实验指标。结果湿热环境作用组小鼠和室温组小鼠相比，BMC、骨髓细胞DNA及脾／体质量比指标下降。结论湿热环境加重辐射损伤动物骨髓和脾脏的损伤。