不同年龄脑梗死患者TOAST分型与血脂和纤维蛋白原的相关分析

目的：对不同年龄脑梗死患者TOAST分型与血脂和纤维蛋白原（Fg）进行相关分析。方法：回顾性分析427例45-89岁脑梗死患者的临床资料,并按不同年龄段分成3组。结合TOAST分型对3组患者的三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）、Fg予以分析。结果：①TG、TC、LDL—C水平随着年龄增高而降低CP〈0．05）;HDL—C、Fg水平随年龄增长而增高（P〈0．05）;②随着年龄增长,心源性脑检塞型脑梗死和女性患者的发生比例明显增高（P〈0．05）。结论：对75岁以上的脑梗死患者应重视联合降纤治疗;心源性脑栓塞的发生率随年龄增长增高。需重视对合并有导致雌激素水平低下因素的高龄女性的脑梗死预防。     

第2代抗精神病药对代谢的影响

目的：探讨奥氮平、奎硫平和齐拉西酮对首发精神分裂症患者血脂和体质量的影响。方法：选择件院治疗的首发精神分裂症患者114例．随机分为奥氮平组35例、奎硫平组41例、齐拉西酮组38例治疗前、治疗4周和治疗8周检测血脂水平和体质量。结果：奥氮平组治疗4周、治疗8周总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL）和体质量均较治疗前显著升高（P〈0．05）;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）水平垃著降低（P〈0．05）;奎硫平组至治疗8周时,TC、TG、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL）和体质量均较治疗前显著升高（P〈0．05）;而齐拉西酮组治疗4周和治疗8周与治疗前比较,TC、TG、HDL、LDL、体质量水平差异均无显著性。在治疗8周奥氮平组、奎硫平组TC、TG、HDL、LDL、体质餐变化与齐拉西酮组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：齐拉西酮对精神分裂症患者血脂和体质量的影响较奥氮平、奎硫平小,奥氮平和奎硫平在精神分裂症治疗过程中均可导致血脂异常和体质量增加。     

脑梗死患者血尿酸、脂蛋白（a）含量的研究

目的探讨脑梗死患者血尿酸、血清脂蛋白（a）含量的变化及其意义。方法对85例脑梗死患者测定其血总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、脂蛋白（a）及血尿酸（UA）水平，与对照组40例结果进行比较。结果脑梗死患者TC、TG、HDL水平与对照组相比无明显差畀（P〉0．05），UA、LDL、Lp（a）水平较对照组明显升高（P〈0．01）；其中脑梗死合并糖尿病者较无糖尿病者，血UA、Lpo（a）亦有明显升高（P〈0．05），两组与正常对照组比较均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论血尿酸、Lpo（a）含量增高与脑梗死存在一定关系，是脑梗死的重要危险因素。     

多发性脑梗死性痴呆及脑梗死患者血清载脂蛋E测定及意义

目的 检测多发性脑梗死性痴呆（MID）及脑梗死（CI）患者血清载脂蛋白E（ApoE)含量，探讨ApoE测定的临床意义。方法 选取20例、24例CI患者及24例正常对照者，分别运用单克隆抗体ELISA法测定血清ApoE含量，同时测定血清TC、TG、HDL－C、LDL－C、ApoA和ApoB含量，并进行相关分析。结果 与对照组比较，MID和CI患者血清ApoE,ApoB及LDL－C含量显著升高（P＜0．05），HDL－C和ApoA含量显著降低（P＜0．01），TC及TG含量升高，但无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论 MID和CI患者均有脂代谢异常，血清ApoE可作为检测其脂代谢异常的重要指标。     

糖尿病与非糖尿病性急性脑梗死患者脑血管狭窄程度的比较

目的比较糖尿病（DM）与非糖尿病（NDM）性急性脑梗死患者脑血管狭窄程度。方法DM性脑梗死患者（DM脑梗死组）51例及糖耐量正常的脑梗死患者作为对照组（NDM脑梗死组）64例，均行全脑数字减影血管造影（DSA）检查，比较颅内外血管狭窄或闭塞情况。结果两组均以颅内动脉狭窄为常见，主要为大脑中动脉M1、M2段，颈内动脉颅外段等，其中DM脑梗死组血管异常率84．31％，NDM脑梗死组异常率70．31％；在DM脑梗死组中血管病变以多支狭窄（52．94％）为主，合并溃疡或斑块39．21％，11．63％存在侧支循环；而NDM脑梗死组中多支狭窄为18．75％，合并溃疡或斑块为17．19％，侧支循环形成为31．11％，两组间比较差异有统计学意义（均P＜0．05）；但两组所涉及的血管病变部位差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论DM性脑梗死的血管病变范围广泛．多支血管病蛮发牛率高、程摩萤．     

氯吡格雷联合辛伐他汀强化治疗对进展性脑梗死患者血清中C反应蛋白的影响及疗效

目的：研究氯吡格雷联合辛伐他汀强化治疗进展性脑梗死患者血清中C反应蛋白的影响及疗效。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,将60例进展期脑梗死患者随机分为观察组A组20例,接受常规治疗加辛伐他汀（40 mg ）治疗;观察B组20例,接受氯吡格雷治疗;观察C组20例,接受辛伐他汀联合氯吡格雷治疗;对照组20例均为同期在我院行健康体检的健康人员。结果观察组3组比较,在治疗前差异无统计学意义（P＞0·05）,与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0·05）。观察A组和观察C组治疗前、后比较,CRP、IL-6、TC、TG和LDL-C指标差异具有统计学意义（P＜0·05）。观察B组治疗前、后比较CRP指标差异具有显著统计学意义（P＜0·01）,但IL-6、TC、TG和LDL-C等指标在治疗前后差异无统计学意义（P＞0·05）。结论辛伐他汀联合氯吡格雷能有效降低进展期脑梗死患者血清C反应蛋白,对治疗和预后有积极作用。     

阿托伐他汀对急性脑梗死患者CRP的影响

目的观察降脂药物阿托伐他汀对急性脑梗死患者的疗效,以探讨他汀类降脂药物治疗急性脑梗死的作用机制。方法 162例患者以随机数字法随机分为2组,观察组采用阿托伐他汀口服治疗,对照组采用依达拉奉注射治疗,21d后比较2组疗效、血脂和CRP变化情况。结果观察组有效率82.72%,对照组76.54%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(Ridit Z=10.378,P<0.0001);治疗21d后,观察组TC、TG、LDL和CRP 4个指标与治疗前相比均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组TC、TG和CRP 3个指标与治疗前相比均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),LDL与治疗前相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组TC、TG、LDL和CRP 4个指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阿托伐他汀可以改善患者血脂水平,降低C反应蛋白含量,对急性脑梗死具有显著疗效。     

辛伐他汀对腔隙性梗死患者脂代谢的影响

目的比较腔隙性梗死患者与健康对照组血脂的差异及辛伐他汀对脂代谢的影响。方法将30例腔隙性梗死患者作为脑梗死组，30例健康体检者作为对照组，比较两组血脂差异，并观察脑梗组服用辛伐他汀后血脂水平的变化。结果脑梗死组与对照组TC、LDL—C有显著差异（P〈0．05），经辛伐他汀治疗4周后与对照组比较无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论脂代谢异常是腔隙性梗死的危险因素，辛伐他汀可以改善腔隙性梗死患者的血脂水平。     

四种非典型抗精神病药对血清催乳素和血脂的影响

目的探讨四种非典型抗精神病药对精神分裂症患者血脂和血清催乳素（PRL）的影响,以及血清PRL水平与药物疗效的关系。方法118例精神分裂症患者分为4组,分别予以喹硫平（29例）、氯氮平（30例）、奥氮平（30例）和利培酮（29例）治疗12周。于治疗前及治疗4、8及12周末予以阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）评定,测定血总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、阿朴脂蛋白A—I（ApoA-1）、阿朴脂蛋白-B（Apo—B）及血清PRL浓度。结果（1）喹硫平组TG、HDL在12周末有显著升高（P〈0．05）,氯氮平组Apo—B在4、12周末有显著升高（P〈0．05）、LDL在8、12周末有显著升高（P〈0．05）,利培酮组除TG外其余血脂指标在8、12周末有显著升高（P〈0．05）,奥氮平组TG、HDL、LDL、ApoA-1、Apo—B在12周末有显著升高（P〈0．05）,TC在8与12周有显著升高（P〈0．05）。（2）利培酮组治疗8、12周后血清PRL明显升高（P〈0．01）。（3）氯氮平组和利培酮组PANSS一般病理分的减分率分别与PRL、LDL有显著相关;氯氮平组PRL与LDL有显著相关。结论利培酮、奥氮平、喹硫平和氯氮平均影响血脂代谢;氯氮平疗效与血清催乳素及LDL有关,利培酮疗效与LDL有关。     

氨磺必利与奥氮平治疗老年期精神分裂症的临床疗效及对糖脂代谢影响的比较

目的 比较氨磺必利与奥氮平对老年期精神分裂症患者血糖和血脂代谢的影响。方法 60例老年期精神分裂症患者采用随机数字表法分为氨磺必利组（30例）和奥氮平组（30例）,分别给予氨磺必利片和奥氯平片口服,检测入纽时和治疗2,4,8周后两组空腹血糖（FBS）,总胆固醇（TC）,高密度脂蛋白（HDL）,低密度脂蛋白（LDL）,甘油三酯（TG）及体质量指数（BMI）,并评定入组时和治疗2,4,8周后两组的PANSS评分,治疗不良反应量表（TESS）评定不良反应。结果 氨磺必利组有效率82．8％,奥氮平组为86．2％,两组比较差异无统计学意义（U=0．118,P〉0．05）。两组患者治疗8周末PANSS总分及各量表评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。奥氮平组MBI,FBS,LDL,TC,TG随时间升高趋势明显,经重复测量方差分析,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而氨磺必利组内各时点各项指标变化不明显,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。两组治疗8周末TESS评分氨磺必利组为（2．49±1．32）分,奥氮平组（2．95±1．56）分,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=2．190,P=0．033）,氨磺必利组不良反应发生率低。结论 氨磺必利对老年期精神分裂症的疗效与奥氮平相当,但对患者血糖、血脂的影响明显小于奥氮平。     

Correlating cognitive impairment with carotid atherosclerosis and carotid artery stenosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction*★

BACKGROUND：Studies have demonstrated that carotid atherosclerosis and carotid artery stenosis are closely associated with cognitive impairment in patients with and without clinically evident cerebrovascular disease. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the correlation between the degree of pathological changes in carotid atherosclerosis, carotid artery stenosis, and cognitive impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction through the use of color Doppler imaging. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The present concurrent, non-randomized, controlled experiment was performed at the Departments of Neurology and Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College between November 2006 and August 2007. PARTICIPANTS： Fifty-five patients with cerebral infarction, consisting of 35 males and 20 females, aged 50–82 years, were admitted to the hospital between November 2006 and August 2007 and recruited for this study. An additional 30 subjects consisting of 18 males and 12 females, aged 47–78 years, that concurrently received a health examination at the same hospital, were also included as normal controls. METHODS： Intima-media thickness （IMT）, plaque shape, size, and echo intensity of all subjects were detected by color Doppler flow imaging. Assessment criteria： IMT 〉 1.0 mm was considered to be intimal thickening, and IMT 〉 1.2 mm was determined to be formed atherosclerotic plaques. In the position of the largest plaque, the degree of carotid artery stenosis was determined by the following formula： （1-cross-sectional area of residual vascular luminal area/vascular cross-sectional area） × 100%. Less than 30% exhibited mild stenosis, 30%-40% moderate stenosis, and 〉 50% severe stenosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： IMT and the degree of carotid artery stenosis were evaluated by color Doppler flow imaging. The Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）, as well as the clinical memory scale, was compared between patients with cerebral infarction and normal controls. RESULTS： In the cerebral infarc     

Time-dependent effects of electroacupuncture at the Ren channel on extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression in focal cerebral ischemia rats**☆

BACKGROUND： The onset of focal cerebral ischemia activates extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, regulates cell cycle, promotes cell proliferation and differentiation, and affects the normal stage and function of brain cells. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of electroacupuncture at the Ren channel on extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 expression in the lateral cerebral ventricle wall of rats with focal cerebral ischemia. The effects were analyzed at different time points after intervention. DESIGN： Randomized controlled study. SETTING： Department of Anatomy, Sun Yat-Sen University. MATERIALS： A total of 60 healthy adult male Wistar rats weighing （250±10） g were provided by the Experimental Animal Center, Medical College of Sun Yat-Sen University. The animal experiment was conducted with confirmed consent by the local ethics committee. The GB6805-Ⅱ electric acupuncture apparatus was provided by Shanghai Medical Equipment High-techno Company. METHODS： The experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Anatomy, Sun Yat-Sen University, from February to July 2007. All experimental animals were randomly divided into the following groups： normal group （n = 6）, sham operation group （n = 18）, model group （n = 18）, and electroacupuncture group （n = 18）. Middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） was performed in the model group and electroacupuncture group. Zea Longa＇s grading standard was used to assess neurological impairment after reperfusion; animals whose grades were between l and 4 were included in this study. The normal control group was not exposed to MCAO. In sham operation animals, the right common carotid artery （CCA） was isolated, and the external carotid artery （ECA） was damaged, but no embolism was induced. The electroacupuncture group was given acupuncture on the second day after surgery. The acupoint locations were chosen according to Experimental Acupuncture （People＇s Publishing House; 1997; First Edition）. The Chengjiang, Qihai, and     

Xenon-enhanced CT assessment of cerebral blood flow in stroke-in-progress patients with unilateral internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery stenosis

Carotid or cerebral artery stenosis resulting in low perfusion is a major cause of ischemic stroke.Understanding the unique hemodynamic features in each patient undergoing a stroke-in-progress（SIP） and the correlation between progression and cerebral blood flow（CBF） status would help in the diagnosis and treatment of individual patients.We used xenonenhanced CT（Xe-CT） to examine cerebral perfusion in patients with or without SIP（30 patients/group）,recruited from October 2009 to October 2010.Only SIP patients with unilateral stenosis in the internal or middle cerebral artery were recruited.The occurrence of watershed infarction was higher in the SIP group than in the non-SIP group（P ＆lt;0.05）.In the SIP group,larger hypoperfused areas were found around the lesions than in the non-SIP group.In the SIP group,the CBF values in the ipsilateral areas were significantly lower than those in corresponding regions on the contralateral side.CBF values in the contralateral hemisphere were significantly lower in the SIP group than in the non-SIP group.In SIP patients,infarctions were surrounded by larger hypoperfused areas than in non-SIP patients.These larger hypoperfused areas may result in pathological damage to the brain that is responsible for the progression of stroke.     

Clinical effects of Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture on neurological impairment following cerebral infarction*☆

BACKGROUND： Although the curative effects of acupuncture have been confirmed by various treatments of cerebral infarction, few studies have investigated when acupuncture can attain the best clinical effect. OBJECTIVE： Four different time points were selected for acupuncture treatment of cerebral infarction to evaluate the appropriate time course for Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy in terms of improved neurological function. DESIGN： Controlled observation. SETTING： Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy of the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese Armed Police Forces. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 120 inpatients with cerebral infarction of different stages, including 75 males and 45 females, aged 41-75 years, were selected from November 2005 to December 2006 at the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy in Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese Armed Police Forces. Diagnostic criteria： in accordance with ＂main points of diagnosis on different cerebrovascular disease＂ secondly revised in the Second Cerebrovascular Disease Academic Meeting of Chinese Medicine Association in 1986. All accepted subjects provided confirmed consent, and the experiment received ethical permission from the hospital＇s ethics committee. METHODS： ① Experiment grouping： All inpatients were divided into four groups with non-stochastic concurrent control method according to the disease course： Group Ⅰ （onset within 7 hours）, group Ⅱ （onset from 7 hours to 3 days）, group Ⅲ （onset within 4-7 days）, and group IV （onset within 21-180 days）. On the basis of symptomatic treatment with western medicine, each group received Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy after onset within 7 hours, 7 hours to 3 days, 4 to 7days, and 21 to 180 days. ① The principal acupoints were Neiguan, Renzhong, and Sanyinfiao. ② The auxiliary acupoints were Jiquan, Chize, and Weizhong. ③Acupuncture manipulations： initially, Neiguan （PC6, bilateral）     

Anti-apoptotic effects of aspirin following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats☆

BACKGROUND： The pharmacological effects of aspirin on apoptosis are complex. The underlying mechanisms have not been properly defined. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effect of different doses of aspirin on brain cell apoptosis following focal cerebral iscbemia-reperfusion injury （CIRI） in rats. DESING, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized, controlled, animal experiment, performed at the School of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Jiangnan University between June and October 2006. MATERIALS： Twenty-six male, adult, Sprague Dawley rats （grade Ⅱ）, weighing 240-290 g, were obtained from Shanghai Experimental Animal Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Aspirin was provided by Sigma （USA）. METHODS： The rats were randomly divided into four groups： sham-operation （SO）, CIRI ＋ vehicle, CIRI ＋ aspirin （6 mg/kg）, and CIRI ＋ aspirin （60 mg/kg）. Rats in the lesion groups were intragastrically administrated saline, aspirin （6 mg/kg）, or aspirin （60 mg/kg）, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The number of pyramidal neurons with normal appearance in the cerebral cortex at 24 mm from the midline; apoptotic cell death as measured by TUNEL; Bcl-2 and Bax protein localization was determined by immunohistochemistry; malondialdehyde （MDA） and super oxidation （SOD） content were determined by biochemistry method; adenosine triphosphate （ATP） content measured by capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS： Following CIRI, the following parameters were altered compared with sham-operated animals： the number of neurons with normal appearance was significantly reduced in the cerebral cortex; the number of apoptotic cells increased; Bax protein expression was enhanced; and the ratio between Bcl-2 and Bax decreased. In addition, MDA content increased significantly, whereas ATP content decreased （P 〈 0.01）. Aspirin ameliorated the loss of healthy pyramidal neurons. Both 6 and 60 mg/kg aspirin increased the ratio between Bcl-2 and Bax, with no significant difference between the treatment group     

Effect of Panaxtriol Saponins on synaptophysin and postsynaptic density-95 expression at different periods of cerebral infarction*☆

BACKGROUND： The change in expression of synaptophysin （Syp） and postsynaptic density-95 （PSD-95） alters after cerebral infarction, and the plasticity of synapses contributes greatly to nerve function recovery. Chinese medicinal substances may play an important role in the expression of Syp and PSD-95. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effect of Panaxtriol Saponins （PTS）, an active component in Sanqi tongshu capsules, on the expression of Syp and PSD-95 after cerebral infarction at different time points in rats, so as to examine the cerebral function remodeling mechanism. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized and controlled observation which was performed in Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January to March, 2007. MATERIALS： Twenty-six healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were used to establish middle cerebral artery occlusion based on the Longa method. Sanqi tongshu capsules （containing 100 mg PTS per tablet） were provided by the Chengdu Huashen Group and nimodipine tablets （30 mg） by Tianjin Zhongyang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. METHODS： Twenty-six rats were randomly divided into an operation group （n = 21 ） and a control group （n = 5）. The operation group underwent the EZ Longa procedure to make the middle cerebral artery occlusion model. After surgery rats were randomly divided into a model group, a PTS group and a nimodipine group, with seven rats in each group. Rats were intragastrically administrated with saline （2 mL/d） in the model group, with Sanqi tongshu capsule （5.4 mg/100 g/d） in the PTS group, and with nimodipine （1.73 mg/100 g/d） in the nimodipine group. Rats in the control group did not undergo model establishment and drug administration. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The expressions of Syp and PSD-95 were measured by immunohistochemical and image analysis at days 3, 7 and 28 after the operation. RESULTS： The expression of Syp and PSD-95 in the operation group was significantly lower than in the control group at days 3, 7     

Effects Of ATP Sensitive potassium channel opener on the mRNA and pro- tein expressions of caspase-12 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats

Objective To investigate effects of K_ATP opener on the expressions of caspase-12 mRNA and protein, and to explore the role of endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress pathway in the mechanism of K_ATP opener protecting against neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Methods Two hundred rats were randomly divided into four groups： sham operation group, ischemia-reperfusion group, K_ATP opener group, and K_ATP blocker group. The middle cerebral artery occlusion （MCAO） model was established by intraluminal suture occlusion method; neuronal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. The mRNA and protein expressions of caspase-12 were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohisto-chemical staining, respectively. Results In ischemia-reperfusion group, K_ATP opener group and K_ATP blocker group, the number of apoptotic cells and the mRNA and protein expressions of caspase-12 gradually increased following cerebral reperfusion, and reached the peak at 24 h. In K_ATP opener group, The number of apoptotic cells was significantly less than that in ischemia-reperfusion group and K_ATP blocker group at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）; while the mRNA and protein levels of caspase-12 were significantly less than those in ischemia-reperfusion group and K_ATP blocker group at all times （P 〈 0.05 or P〈0.01）. There were no differences between the ischemia-reperfusion group and K_ATP blocker group at each time （P〉 0.05）. Conclusion K_ATP opener may protect neurons from apoptosis following the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion by inhibiting ER stress pathway.     

50例脑动脉重度狭窄（闭塞）分布及相关危险因素分析

目的研究脑动脉重度狭窄（闭塞）的血管分布及其相关危险因素,为缺血性脑卒中的发病机制、临床诊断、治疗以及预防提供重要依据。方法通过对50例DSA和（或）CTA诊断为脑动脉重度狭窄（或闭塞）的缺血性脑卒中患者计算其重度狭窄或闭塞动脉数目及其分布,同时测血压、血糖（GLU）、尿酸（UA）、甘油三酯（TC）、总胆固醇（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）、极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL-C）、外周血白细胞数（WBC）、血小板数（PLT）、血小板分布宽度（PDW）、平均血小板体积（MPV）、大血小板比率（P—LCR）及纤维蛋白原（FIB）,与无脑动脉狭窄纽比较以上相关因素的差异。结果颅内动脉重度狭窄率（84．6％）明显高于颅外动脉（15．4％）,比较脑动脉存在重度狭窄与无狭窄的两组缺血性脑卒中患者,其舒张压、UA、TC、LDL-C、VLDL-C、WBC、PLT、PDW、MPV、P—LCR差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,而收缩压、FIB、GLU、TG、HDL-C、年龄因素差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,Logistic回归发现高血压、糖尿病与缺血性脑卒中脑动脉重度狭窄呈明显相关性（P〈0．05）。结论缺血性脑卒中患者颅内动脉重度狭窄发生率高于颅外动脉,HDL-C水平与脑动脉狭窄呈负相关,高血压、糖尿病与脑动脉重度狭窄有关,而高血压是脑动脉重度狭窄的独立危险因素。     

Correlating plasma endothelin-1 and beta-endorphin levels to nine risk factors of acute cerebral infarction★

BACKGROUND： Several studies have confirmed that endothelin and endorphin are involved in the occurrence of cerebral vasospasm. However, the correlation of these factors to acute cerebral infarction-related risk factors needs to be confirmed. OBJECTIVE： To detect endothelin-1 （ET-1） and beta-endorphin （β -EP） levels in plasma of patients with acute cerebral infarction, and to analyze the correlations of these factors to smoking, alcohol abuse, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, diseased region, diseased degree, gender, and other factors related to acute cerebral infarction. DESIGN： A case-control observation.
SETTING： First Department of Neurology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. PARTICIPANTS： Sixty-nine inpatients with acute cerebral infarction were admitted to the Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University （March 2003-January 2004） and First Department of Neurology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine （March July 2004） and recruited for this study. All 69 inpatients corresponded to the diagnosis criteria of acute cerebral infarction, formulated in the National Working Conference of Cerebrovascular Disease in 1998, and were confirmed as acute cerebral infarction by CT/MRI. The patient group consisted of 35 males [（644- 12） years old] and 34 females[ （674- 13 ） years old]. Among them, 9 patients were smokers, 7 were alcohol users, 48 had a history of hypertension, and 16 had a history of diabetes mellitus. CT/MRI examinations revealed that 35 patients presented with left focus sites, 11 with right ones and 23 with bilateral ones. Following attack, 24 patients had Barthel Index Scale grading 〈 40 points, 21 patients 40-50 points, and 24 patients 〉 60 points. An additional 59 healthy individuals, who received health examinations simultaneously, were included as controls. Among the control subjects, there were 37 males [（62±10）