微型骨锚钉联合克氏针重建指伸肌腱止点的临床应用

手部伸指肌腱Ⅰ区损伤造成的锤状指畸形在临床上比较常见,手术修复多涉及指伸肌腱止点的重建[1].传统方法是抽出钢丝法重建指伸肌腱止点.近年来,随着骨锚钉技术的引入,微型骨锚植入术重建指伸肌腱止点体现出较大的优势.2010年8月至2011年10月,我科采用微型骨锚钉联合克氏针治疗指伸肌腱止点断裂20例,取得了满意的疗效.     

可吸收锚钉止点重建伸指肌腱断裂的临床疗效观察

目的观察可吸收锚钉重建伸指肌腱止点断裂的临床疗效及安全性。方法 2009年1月至2011年6月本科收治20例伸指肌腱止点断裂患者,采用可吸收锚钉重建伸指肌腱止点处断裂,收集患者的临床资料,分析临床效果及优缺点。结果随访6～24个月,未发生肌腱再次断裂及手指严重功能影响。按照Dargen功能评定标准,20例可吸收锚钉患者优良率为95%。结论应用可吸收锚钉重建伸指肌腱止点断裂,操作简便、固定牢靠、具有材料可吸收、异物残留少、并发症少及疗效显著等优点,值得推广使用。     

保留止点半腱肌、股薄肌肌腱重建修复陈旧性髌韧带断裂2例报告

目的探讨利用保留止点半腱肌、股薄肌肌腱重建修复陈旧性髌韧带断裂的的治疗方法和疗效。方法采用保留止点半腱肌、股薄肌腱横穿髌骨隧道后重叠缝合重建髌韧带并加用减张钢丝固定方法治疗2例陈旧性髌韧带断裂。结果2例患者均得到随访,分别随访18个月与24个月。术后2、3、6、12、18个月及2年分别对2例病人进行Lysholm评分,术后1年平均分达到80分以上,显示治疗结果为优。结论对于陈旧性髌韧带断裂患者,取半腱肌及股薄肌对其加强重建辅以钢丝内固定手术为临床操作方便、疗效较为可靠的方法。     

双微型骨锚重建伸指肌腱终腱止点的临床应用

锤状指是由于末节指骨基底背侧至中央腱束止点间伸肌健断裂或撕脱部分指骨所致。若处理不当锤状指畸形长期存在,影响手部功能及外观。针对当前骨锚在手部肌腱损伤重建的应用逐渐广泛的现状,及我科在临床应用中的经验,分别采用单、双骨锚进行止点重建。2007年7月-2009年1月随访患者8例,笔者发现采用双微型骨锚重建修复指伸肌腱终腱止点撕脱伤者疗效优于采用单微型骨锚重建修复指伸肌腱终腱止点撕脱伤者。     

纵向钻孔缝合固定重建指伸肌腱止点临床研究

目的探讨纵向钻孔缝合固定重建指伸肌腱止点的疗效。方法选择30例急性期指伸肌腱止点断裂的患者,在远节指骨基底部背侧钻2个纵行骨性隧道,通过该骨性隧道缝合固定指伸肌腱近断端以重建指伸肌腱止点。术后6周开始行远指间关节屈伸功能锻炼。结果术后未发现肌腱再断裂,远指间关节Dargan功能评分:优19例、良8例、可2例、差1例,优良率达90%。结论纵向钻孔缝合固定重建指伸肌腱止点方法符合局部解剖和生物力学特点,操作简单、疗效确切、并发症少,而且费用低廉,易于被患者接受和基层医院使用。     

保留指深屈肌腱止点肌腱移位重建远指间关节侧副韧带

目的 研究保留指深屈肌腱止点部分肌腱腱条移位重建远指间关节侧副韧带的方法及疗效.方法 2005年至2011年,对14例16指新鲜远指间关节侧副韧带中部损伤及陈旧性损伤的患者,采用保留指深屈肌腱止点部分肌腱腱条移位重建侧副韧带.结果 术后14例16指获得6个月至3年的随访,平均2.3年.按Saetta等评定标准评定疗效:优10例12指,良3例3指,可1例1指;优良率为93.8％.结论 该方法对于肌腱移位后的手指屈伸功能及肌力无影响,保留指深屈肌腱止点部分肌腱腱条移位重建远指间关节侧副韧带,是治疗手指远指间关节侧副韧带损伤的一种简单、有效的方法.     

微型骨锚钉治疗锤状指并发症探讨

锤状指畸形是常见的手部外伤,其中大部分病例为伸肌腱于止点处断裂或撕脱,传统对锤状指治疗有保守治疗或抽出钢丝法重建伸肌腱止点等方法[1-2],近年来,应用微型锚钉重建伸肌腱止点的方法逐渐在临床应用,取得了一定的疗效[3-4],本科自2006年4月～2010年3月对147例锤状指患者采用此种方法治疗,总体疗效满意,但也有24例术后出现了一些并发症.     

可吸收锚钉修复伸指肌腱止点断裂的临床疗效观察

目的观察可吸收锚钉修复伸指肌腱止点断裂的临床疗效及安全性。方法对2009年1月至2011年6月收治的20例伸指肌腱止点断裂患者,采用可吸收锚钉修复伸指肌腱止点处断裂,分析临床效果及优缺点。结果随访6～24个月,未发生肌腱再次断裂及手指严重功能障碍。按照Dargen功能评定标准,优良率为95%。结论应用可吸收锚钉修复伸指肌腱止点断裂,操作简便、固定牢靠、疗效显著,值得推广使用。     

LARS韧带与自体腱重建髌韧带治疗急性髌韧带近止点断裂

[目的]比较LARS人工韧带与自体半腱肌移植重建髌韧带治疗急性髌韧带近止点断裂的疗效。[方法]2008年7月～2018年6月本院共收治髌韧带断裂患者41例,近止点部断裂21例纳入本研究,采用LARS人工韧带10例,自体半腱肌移植重建11例。记录围手术期资料,测量髌上10cm大腿周径、膝关节活动度,利用Lysholm及Kujala评分对膝关节进行功能评价,行影像检查,测量Caton指数。[结果]所有患者均顺利手术,无严重并发症。LARS韧带组手术时间、术中失血量、术后3d VAS评分显著优于自体肌腱组(P0.05);但LARS韧带组手术费用显著高于自体韧带组(P0.05)。两组患者随访7～36个月。末次随访两组术后各项指标均较术前明显改善(P0.05),两组患者间末次随访时膝关节活动度、髌上10 cm大腿周径、Lysholm评分和Kujala评分的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。所有患者均未出现膝关节功能受限,优良率100%。[结论]LARS人工韧带与自体半腱肌移植重建髌韧带治疗急性髌韧带近止点断裂均能够有效修复伸膝装置及恢复膝关节功能,具有相同的手术效果。     

掌长肌腱移植修复Ⅰ区指伸肌腱断裂

指伸肌腱Ⅰ区位于末节指骨背侧基底至中央腱束止点之间的部分,此区伸肌腱有其独特的解剖结构和特点,手指在伸直位时突然受到屈曲方向的暴力,易导致伸肌腱断裂或伴有指骨撕脱性骨折,表现为锤状指畸形[1].传统采用保守治疗和抽出钢丝法重建伸肌腱止点或关节融合等手术方法,疗效各异[2-4].2009年1月至2011年6月,我院共收治43例单纯Ⅰ区指伸肌腱止点断裂(断端离止点很近,无法行断端直接缝合)的患者,采用掌长肌腱移植修复,其中32例获得6个月以上的随访,现将疗效总结如下.     

Extensor Mechanism Disruption After Contralateral Middle Third Patellar Tendon Harvest for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Revision Reconstruction

The contralateral central third patellar tendon autograft is a reliable graft choice for revision, and recently, for primary reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). We report 2 complications including a lateral third tibial tuberosity fracture and a distal patellar tendon avulsion with contralateral patellar tendon autograft with disruption of the extensor mechanism of the donor knee. A patient sustained a lateral tibial tuberosity fracture of the donor knee and underwent open reduction and internal fixation. At 1-year follow-up, she had no extensor lag and full range of motion. Another patient sustained a distal patellar tendon avulsion of the donor knee and underwent primary repair. Three years postoperatively, she had a full range of motion and no extensor lag. Although contralateral middle third patellar tendon autograft for primary and revision ACL reconstruction is established in the literature, extensor mechanism complications can occur. Technical considerations are important to avoid weakening the remaining patellar tendon insertion. Postoperative nerve blocks or local anesthetics may alter pain feedback for regulation of weight bearing and contribute to overload of the donor knee.     

Extensor mechanism reconstruction: a novel technique for bone patella allograft post partial patellectomy failure

Extensor mechanism disruption, whether due to patella fracture or tendon rupture, generally occurs after low-energy trauma and frequently involves an indirect mechanism. When the fracture is comminuted and reconstruction is impossible, a partial or total patellectomy may be indicated. Although some authors advocate total patellectomy, partial patellectomy remains the standard treatment, especially for young and active patients. In the rare instance of a failed tendon repair after partial or total patellectomy, inadequate tissue is usually available for adequate restoration of the extensor mechanism. Extensor mechanism allograft, using the tibial tuberosity, patellar tendon, patella, and quadriceps tendon in continuity or the Achilles' tendon with calcaneal bone-block in continuity has been reported for extensor mechanism repair after total knee arthroplasty in patients who did not undergo patellectomy. We present a novel technique, using the bone patellar tendon bone allograft to reconstruct a posttraumatic defect of the extensor mechanism in a 28-year-old, active patient with a failed partial patellectomy following fracture of his patella. Union of the allograft was seen on x-ray after 4 months. After 6 months, the patient reached full range of motion and returned to his previous sporting activities.     

Reconstruction of the extensor mechanism after proximal tibia endoprosthetic replacement

The proximal tibia is a difficult area in which to perform a wide resection of a bone tumor. This difficulty is due to the intimate relationship of tumor in this location to the nerves and blood vessels of the leg, inadequate soft tissue coverage after endoprosthetic reconstruction, and the need to reconstruct the extensor mechanism. Competence of the extensor mechanism is the major determinant of functional outcome of these patients. Between 1980 and 1997, 55 patients underwent proximal tibia resection with endoprosthetic reconstruction for a variety of malignant and benign-aggressive tumors. Reconstruction of the extensor mechanism included reattachment of the patellar tendon to the prosthesis with a Dacron tape, reinforcement with autologous bone-graft, and attachment of an overlying gastrocnemius flap. All patients were followed for a minimum of 2 years; 6 patients (11%) had a transient peroneal nerve palsy, 4 patients (7.2%) had a fasciocutaneous flap necrosis, and 2 patients (3.6%) had a deep wound infection. Full extension to extension lag of 20 degrees was achieved in 44 patients, and 8 patients required secondary reinforcement of the patellar tendon. Function was estimated to be good to excellent in 48 patients (87%). Reattachment of the patellar tendon to the prosthesis and reinforcement with an autologous bone-graft and a gastrocnemius flap are reliable means to restore extension after proximal tibia endoprosthetic reconstruction.     

髌腱复合体重建创伤性前后交叉韧带

目的：为了评价髌腱复合体(带骨块的髌韧带，即骨—髌膜—骨)对前后交叉韧带断裂后重建的手术疗效。方法：1995—2001年，收治32例前后交叉韧带损伤的患者给予髌腱复合体重建术。结果：所有病人患膝关节稳定性明显增强，术后抽屉试验全部阴性。结论：带骨块的髌韧带具有强抗牵拉力，固定可靠，等长重建，功能改善明显等优点。髌膜复合体是理想的前后交叉韧带替代材料。     

前交叉韧带重建术后关节镜下股部肌力测量

目的　观察自体中1/3 骨-髌韧带-骨为供区,重建前交叉韧带后对股部肌力的影响。方法　自体中1/3 骨-髌韧带-骨移植重建前交叉韧带术后1年,关节镜下再视观察到无膝内紊乱的患者23 例;男9 例,女14 例。平均年龄为20.8岁。所有患者在关节镜再视术前使用MyretRZ-450型CybexⅡ等速肌肉功能测试器,对患侧和健侧进行股四头肌和腘绳肌的等长(60°和90°)和等速(60°/s和180°/s)肌力测定。结果　自体中1/3骨-髌韧带-骨做为供区,重建前交叉韧带之侧别的股四头肌肌力比健侧的股四头肌肌力明显降低(P< 0.01)。而获取自体中1/3 骨-髌韧带-骨移植后,对腘绳肌肌力则无影响(P> 0.05)。结论　获取自体中1/3 骨-髌韧带-骨移植重建前交叉韧带后,可严重降低股四头肌肌力     

带掌长肌腱的静脉皮瓣修复伸肌腱Ⅰ区复合组织缺损

目的:介绍应用带掌长肌腱的静脉皮瓣修复伸肌腱Ⅰ区复合组织缺损的治疗方法。方法:对11例11指中末节指背皮肤及伸肌腱缺损采用同侧前臂静脉皮瓣带掌长肌腱修复,并予以伸肌腱止点重建。结果:11例皮瓣成活,伤口Ⅰ期愈合。皮瓣供区直接缝合,术后随访4～26月,平均8月,手指外形及功能恢复良好。结论:应用静脉皮瓣带掌长肌腱修复伸肌腱Ⅰ区指背皮肤软组织及伸肌腱缺损,同时行伸肌腱止点重建,是Ⅰ期修复指背皮肤软组织及伸肌腱同时缺损的理想方法。     

The comparison of functional results of anterior cruciate ligament injuries treated with semitendinosus tendon and central one-third of patellar tendon autografts

The results of ACL reconstructions with autologus grafts taken from semitendinosus tendon and patellar ligament are presented. There were 78 patients in four groups. Patient age ranged from 15 to 47 years. The period of observation varied from 1 to 10 years, average 3.5. The first group consisted of 28 people treated with single semitendinosus tendon graft. In the second group there were 12 patients with acute ACL injuries treated by reinsertion of torn ligament attachment augmented by semitendinosus tendon. The third group of 18 persons had an ACL reconstruction with central one-third of patellar ligament fastened with thread loops on bone screws or staples. The last group of 20 patients had ACL reconstruction with central one-third of patellar ligament autograft. All patients were prospectively evaluated according to the Hospital for Special Surgery and the Lysholm and Gillquist scales. The statistical analysis clearly reveals the best results in the fourth group of patients, who had graft fixation with interference screws. Received: 4 April 2001/Accepted: 23 April 2001     

A unique complication following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

The use of the middle third of a patellar tendon with bone blocks is a common and well-accepted technique for arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. We report here a disconcerting fracture/avulsion pattern of the patella/patellar tendon mechanism that occurred in the early postoperative period.     

关节镜下膝前交叉韧带重建术疗效分析

目的：探讨自体中1／3骨－髌腱－骨（B－PT－B）重建前交叉韧带（ACL）的临床效果。方法：1996年9月－2000年10月对13例膝ACL损伤，其中男9例，女4例，年龄23－45岁。均采用关节镜下自体中1／3B－PT－B重建ACL，挤压螺钉固定，治疗CAL损伤后关节不稳定，术前抽屉试验13例均为阳性，轴移试验4例阳性，Lachman试验7例阳性，术后获随访5－25个月，平均15个月。结果：术后屉试验，轴移试验和Lachman试验均转阴性。按照Bosaotta的术后临床指标评价方法，优9例，良3例，可1例，所有患者均感膝关节稳定性明显改善。结论：关节镜下自体中1／3B－PT－B重建ACL损伤疗效显著。     

Anterior knee pain following BPTB graft harvest. Reality or overhyped

Introduction

The patellar tendon graft has long been the gold standard for ACL reconstruction. Recently semitendinosus and gracilis tendons graft have been used increasingly. We hypothetise that the Bone-Patella Tendon-Bone graft is a good and economical graft for the Indian population with no adverse effects of anterior knee pain or patellar tendon shortening. We believe that the early squatting and cross-legged sitting causes early and constant stretching of the tendon in our patients. This is responsible for the lesser incidences of adverse effects in the Indian population.