耳内镜与显微镜下夹层法修补鼓膜大穿孔的疗效比较

目的比较耳内镜下与显微镜下采用耳屏软骨-软骨膜夹层法鼓膜成形术治疗鼓膜大穿孔的疗效。方法以80例慢性化脓性中耳炎静止期并陈旧性鼓膜大穿孔患者为研究对象,分为耳内镜下手术组(耳内镜组)40例,接受耳内镜下夹层法鼓膜成形术,显微镜下手术组(显微镜组)40例,于显微镜下行夹层法鼓膜成形术,比较两组的平均手术时间、鼓膜移植成功率、术耳术前与术后的气骨导差。结果耳内镜组中无一例行耳道切开扩大外耳道,显微镜组患者均采取耳道切口,其中6例实施外耳道成形术;显微镜组平均手术时间(93.3±17.6 min)长于耳内镜组(76.6±13.1 min)(P<0.05)。耳内镜组和显微镜组的鼓膜移植成功率分别为92.5%和95.0%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。耳内镜组术耳气骨导差由术前19.1±7.6 dB降低为9.8±1.6 dB(P<0.05);显微镜组术耳气骨导差由18.1±7.8 dB降低为12.8±1.6 dB(P<0.05);两组听力均较术前明显改善,但两组间术后气骨导差的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论耳内镜下与传统显微镜下采用耳屏软骨-软骨膜夹层法修补鼓膜大穿孔效果差异无统计学意义,如果病例选择合适,耳内镜下手术时间短、不需行外耳道切口或行外耳道成形术。     

经外耳道入路耳内镜下夹层法鼓膜修补术应用体会

目的讨论经外耳道入路内镜下夹层法在鼓膜修补术临床体会。方法对我科2017年8月~2022年01月共50例慢性化脓性中耳炎患者,经外耳道径路内镜下夹层法技术治疗的患者术中耳内镜下操作、术后鼓膜愈合情况以及听力恢复情况进行总结探讨。结果慢性化脓性中耳炎鼓膜修补术中应用耳内镜技术能灵活观察术野,缩短手术时间、预防手术并发症。结论慢性中耳炎鼓膜修补术中经外耳道路径耳内镜技术效果满意。     

不同术式及材料鼓膜成形术的疗效观察

目的 探讨根据鼓膜穿孔大小选择不同鼓膜成形术及修补材料的可行性及疗效.方法 255例鼓膜穿孔患者,根据鼓膜穿孔大小,分别对98例鼓膜小穿孔患者(穿孔直径小于3 mm)采用耳内镜下或显微镜下脂肪团块嵌塞法行鼓膜修补术,对75例鼓膜中穿孔患者(穿孔直径3~5 mm)行耳内镜下或显微镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜内置法、不制作外耳道皮瓣行鼓膜修补术,对82例鼓膜大穿孔患者(穿孔直径大于5 mm)行显微镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜内置法、制作外耳道皮瓣行鼓膜修补术.术后1~3个月行耳内镜复查,观察其疗效.结果 三种手术方式修补鼓膜小、中、大穿孔的愈合率分别为98.0%(96/98)、96.0%(72/75) 和96.34%(79/82),总愈合率为96.86%(247/255),术后言语频率平均气导听阈20.1±4.3 dB HL.结论 针对鼓膜穿孔大小选择不同鼓膜成形术及修补材料是可行的,其疗效均满意.     

耳内镜及手术显微镜下自体脂肪鼓膜修补术的比较

目的通过对手术显微镜下及耳内镜下自体脂肪鼓膜修补术的疗效比较,探讨耳内镜下脂肪鼓膜修补术的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析1998年6月至2001年6月间78例(83耳)显微镜下自体脂肪鼓膜修补术及2001年7月至2005年6月间108例(115耳)耳内镜下行脂肪鼓膜修补术患者的临床资料,比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果全部患者随访时间均超过6个月,二组鼓膜穿孔愈合率分别为91.57%(76/83)和93.04%(107/115),二组中不同大小、不同位置、不同类型鼓膜穿孔患者的愈合率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论耳内镜下鼓膜穿孔自体脂肪修补术是一种简单、安全、有效的方法,具有无需手术切口、并发症少、节省费用等优点。     

耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜治疗鼓膜穿孔的临床研究

目的比较耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜鼓膜修补术和传统显微镜下颞肌筋膜鼓膜修补术的疗效。方法回顾2011年1月至2014年12月于我科接受鼓膜修补术的患者460例,按手术方式分为2组,一组耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜鼓膜修补术(耳内镜组),共242例(242耳),另一组显微镜下颞肌筋膜鼓膜修补术(显微镜组),共218例(218耳)。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量,术后1个月、3-6个月、1-2年鼓膜愈合率的情况。结果耳内镜组平均手术时间(43.5±14.2)min,平均术中出血量(5.2±1.8)ml,而显微镜组平均手术时间(84.0±13.5)min,平均术中出血量为(15.0±4.1)ml,差异均有统计学意义(t=-6.55,P<0.01;t=-12.14,P<0.01);术后1个月耳内镜组鼓膜愈合率为94.21%,显微镜组为91.74%;术后3-6个月、术后1-2年随访,长期鼓膜愈合率耳内镜组和显微镜组鼓膜愈合率分别为92.15%和89.45%,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜修补鼓膜穿孔可以获得较好的愈合率,是一种有效的手术方法,值得一定范围内临床推广。     

耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜与颞肌筋膜在鼓膜大穿孔修补对比研究

目的　探讨耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜与颞肌筋膜在鼓膜大穿孔修补术中临床应用的区别。方法　回顾性分析120例（120耳）2015年1月～2018年6月于我院住院诊断为慢性中耳炎，鼓膜穿孔达50%以上，并行耳内镜下鼓膜修补术患者。将患者分为两组，耳屏软骨-软骨膜组70例（70耳）采用耳屏软骨-软骨膜修补，颞肌筋膜组50例（50耳）采用颞肌筋膜修补。分析两组患者手术时间、住院天数、术后鼓膜修补愈合率、术后气骨导差的变化等，分析比较耳屏软骨-软骨膜与颞肌筋膜在鼓膜大穿孔修补中的 效果与价值。结果　耳内镜下A组手术时间比B组明显缩短，术中出血量明显减少，住院天数明显缩短，且两组鼓膜愈合率和听力改善无明显差异。结论　耳屏软骨-软骨膜在耳内镜下鼓膜大穿孔修补术中较颞肌筋膜有着较好的应用前景。     

耳内镜下鼓膜成形术的临床应用

目的 探讨耳内镜下经外耳道鼓膜成形术的手术方法并观察其疗效.方法 59例鼓膜穿孔患者,依据鼓膜穿孔面积及边缘有无残余鼓膜,在耳内镜下经外耳道行内植或双“门形”皮瓣法内植法鼓膜修补术.结果 术后随访1～6个月,一期治愈率94.9％.结论 耳内镜下经外耳道鼓膜成形术疗效好、创伤小,可部分代替显微镜下鼓膜成形术.     

耳内镜下鼓膜成形术32例临床分析

鼓膜成形术又称鼓膜修补术,是通过组织移植技术修复穿孔,恢复鼓膜的完整性,并提高听力的手术.近年来国内对耳内镜下鼓膜成形术有较多的报道.2005-02-2009-08我科对32例鼓膜穿孔患者行耳内镜下耳道内切口内置法鼓膜成形术,取得了满意的疗效,总结报告如下.     

耳内镜与手术显微镜下鼓膜修补术临床疗效的Meta分析

目的　系统评价耳内镜下鼓膜修补术与显微镜下鼓膜修补术治疗鼓膜穿孔的临床对比，以期为临床鼓膜穿孔的术式选择提供循证依据。方法　计算机检索EMBASE、VIP数据库、万方数据库（WanFang）、中国学术期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、the Cochrane Library（2018年12期）、PubMed和Google搜索等引擎，检索时间截止于2018-12-15，文献筛选由两名研究员独立完成，纳入关于耳内镜下鼓膜修补术与显微镜下鼓膜修补术治疗鼓膜穿孔的文献。质量评估数据资料，采用Revman5.3软件进行相应 的Meta分析。结果　共纳入12个随机对照实验，共1356例患者，654例行耳内镜下鼓膜修补术，702例行显微镜下鼓膜修补术治疗，耳内镜下鼓膜修补术手术时间D=40.34，95%CI[-22.27，-20.21], P＜0.001；出血量MD=19.77，95%CI[-5.44，-4.46], P＜0.001；术后住院时间MD=30.49，95%CI[-3.04，-2.67]，P＜0.05；耳内镜组均明显小于显微镜组，差异有统计学意义。耳内镜下鼓膜修补术的气骨导差MD=11.12，95%CI[-3.55，-2.49]，P＞0.05；穿孔闭合率MD=0.59，95%CI[0.76，1.66]，P＞0.05。结论　与显微镜下鼓膜修补术相比，耳内镜下鼓膜修补术可减少术中出血量，缩短手术时间、住院时间。两组治疗鼓膜穿孔的有效率无差异。     

耳内镜下异体真皮基质修补鼓膜大穿孔

目的探讨耳内镜下用异体真皮基质修补鼓膜大穿孔的可行性及效果。方法回顾性分析45例鼓膜大穿孔患者的临床资料,患者术前分别行耳内镜检查、听力学检查,有中耳感染史者行CT检查。其中术前电测听语言频率平均气骨导间距(ABG)为(31.23±1.52)dB。45例患者均在耳内镜下经外耳道径路翻起外耳道鼓膜皮瓣,用异体真皮基质内植修补鼓膜。结果术后随访6个月至2年,术后3个月时一次性穿孔愈合率91％。术后3个月复查电测听,平均ABG为(13.07±2.00)dB,与术前比较差异具有统计学意义(t=8.09, P<0.00)。结论耳内镜下异体真皮基质内植修补鼓膜大穿孔,具有微创,体表无切口,愈合率高等特点。     

耳内镜下耳屏软骨环-软骨膜修补术治疗鼓膜穿孔40例

目的 探讨耳内镜下耳屏软骨环-软骨膜修补术治疗鼓膜穿孔的疗效。 方法 将80例(80耳)鼓膜穿孔患者按随机数字表法随机分为观察组与对照组各40例,观察组行耳内镜下耳屏软骨环-软骨膜修补术,对照组行显微镜下颞肌筋膜鼓膜修补术。对比两组手术时间、术中出血量、临床疗效、鼓膜愈合率、听力恢复情况及术后并发症发生率。 结果 观察组与对照组手术时间分别为(42.19±12.35)、(82.67±11.16)min,术中出血量分别为(5.06±1.34)、(14.27±2.35)mL,两组手术时间及术中出血量比较,P均<0.05。观察组治愈28例,有效10例,无效2例,总有效率为95.00%(38/40),对照组分别为23、8、9例,77.50%(31/40),两组总有效率比较,P<0.05。观察组与对照组术后1个月鼓膜愈合率分别为95.00%(38/40)、87.50%(35/40),术后6个月鼓膜愈合率分别为92.50%(37/40)、85.00%(34/40),术后12个月鼓膜愈合率分别为92.50%(37/40)、85.00%(34/40),两组术后1、6、12个月鼓膜愈合率比较,P均>0.05。两组术后1、6、12个月听力恢复情况比较差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。观察组术后1年内发生再度穿孔3例(7.5%),对照组术后1年内发生再度穿孔6例(15%),两组术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.501, P=0.479)。 结论 耳内镜下耳屏软骨环-软骨膜修补术治疗鼓膜穿孔效果确切,可促进患者术后恢复,提高临床疗效及鼓膜愈合率,改善患者听力效果。     

Totally endoscopic stapes surgery without packing: novel technique bringing most comfort to the patients

Many difficulties might be encountered during conventional stapes surgery. However, the good exposure provided by the endoscope can facilitate this procedure. The present study addresses the effectiveness of endoscopic stapes surgery with regard to the operation time and patients’ convenience and satisfaction. 19 patients underwent endoscopic stapes surgery without packing. 15 patients who experienced the microscopic stapes surgery served as the comparison group. Audiometric results and the patients’ satisfaction as measured by visual analog scale in both group were compared. Audiometric results were similar in both groups. Nevertheless, the endoscopic method was accompanied by shorter operation time and more comfort for the patients. Totally endoscopic stapes surgery can be done in much shorter time without major difficulties and without need to pack ear canal after surgery. Far less dissection and incision as well as patients' more satisfaction make this technique as a good alternative to the microscopic approach to stapes surgery.     

Day case myringoplasty using tragal perichondrium

Day surgery has an ever-increasing role to play in otology. In this study of myringoplasty, tragal perichondrial grafts were placed permeatally as a day case procedure in 32 patients. These are compared with a control group, matched for age and for the size of their perforations, in whom temporalis fascia was grafted via an endaural or postaural incision. The success rate was 94% in the perichondrial group as compared with 84% in the control group (no significant difference P> 0.05). Day case myringoplasty produced less morbidity for the patients and a 40% reduction in theatre time as well as the more obvious savings resulting from a shorter hospital stay.     

持续灌流与非灌流切换结合模式的耳内镜下中耳胆脂瘤手术

目的本文旨在探索持续灌流模式在耳内镜手术中应用的最佳方式,以及尝试建立持续灌流与非灌流模式切换结合的耳内镜中耳胆脂瘤手术流程。方法回顾性分析在2019年1月至2020年12月间收治的73名单侧的中耳胆脂瘤患者,术中确定为中上鼓室胆脂瘤患者,年龄为10-68岁,其中女性患者34名,男性患者39名。其中33名患者采用持续灌流与非灌流模式切换结合的耳内镜中耳手术方式,40名患者采用常规非灌流模式下的耳内镜中耳手术方式。所有患者手术中均为同一术者全程在耳内镜方式下完成。持续灌流与非灌流模式切换结合的耳内镜中耳胆脂瘤手术,自切口开始就在灌流模式下进行,除非鼓室内侧壁出血广泛影响手术视野外,探查和磨骨、清除病变的手术程序均要在水下进行,鼓室成形,听骨链重建和上鼓室外侧壁重建在非灌流模式下进行。结果两组患者平均年龄及术前听力无统计学差异,且两组患者病变范围、程度均无明显偏差。回顾性研究中,所有符合标准的病历均入选,无人为偏倚。33名采用持续灌流与非灌流模式切换结合的耳内镜中耳胆脂瘤手术患者平均手术用时86.52±7.30分钟;其中只有一名患者由于耳道皮瓣在灌流模式下漂浮影响,术中将耳道皮瓣连同鼓膜取出后,完成后续手术外,其余32个病例均保持耳道皮瓣原位固定后完成手术。40名采用常规非灌流模式下的耳内镜中耳手术患者平均手术用时117.15±9.34分钟。两种手术模式用时比较后具有统计学差异。结论耳内镜下持续灌流手术方式的引入,在一定程度上有助于解决术中切口止血,更为重要的应用在于术中磨骨骨质上的应用。若合理规划手术流程,将持续灌流与非灌流模式相结合,在手术中便捷地随时切换,可以极大地简化了手术流程,缩短手术时间,在临床实践中值得推介。     

完整骨性外耳道鼓室成形术治疗胆脂瘤型中耳炎疗效观察

目的 探讨完整骨性外耳道鼓室成形术对骨性外耳道缺损重建及对听力、干耳、术后大术腔引起耳部不适症状的影响。方法 2006～2010年收治胆脂瘤型中耳炎72例,按手术方式分为两组：对照组为开放式,采用乳突根治术或改良乳突根治术;观察组为完整骨性外耳道鼓室成形术,术中在彻底切除病变组织的同时保留或重建骨性外耳道。结果 与传统乳突根治术或改良乳突根治术相比,完整骨性外耳道鼓室成形术在听力提高、干耳及消除不适症状方面有更好疗效。结论 胆脂瘤型中耳炎术中保留或重建骨性耳道对术后提高听力、尽早干耳及消除“根治腔病”疗效显著。     

内镜辅助耳后发际入路颌下腺切除术与传统术式的对照研究

目的 与传统经颈入路比较,评价内镜辅助耳后发际入路颌下腺切除术的可行性及其利弊.方法 2009年1月至2010年1月,前瞻性对照研究28例颌下腺良性病变患者分别行两种术式的治疗结果.其中13例接受内镜辅助耳后发际入路手术,15例接受传统经颈入路手术.术前所有病例均行CT或MRI检查评估病损大小、位置、毗邻,并行细针穿刺活检明确病理.秩和检验比较两组患者的切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症及切口美容效果.结果 28例患者颌下腺均顺利完整切除.内镜组切口长度、手术时间与传统组比较,差异有统计学意义(Z值分别为-4.516和-3.263,P值均＜0.01);术后3个月,内镜组切口美容效果好于传统组,差异有统计学意义(Z=-4.472,P＜0.01).术后内镜组2例患者(15.4%)出现暂时性耳垂麻木、1例(7.7%)出现暂时性面神经下颌缘支麻痹,均在术后1个月缓解.所有病例随访10～24个月,中位随访18个月,未见复发.结论 对于颌下腺良性疾病,内镜辅助耳后发际入路颌下腺切除术安全、可行.与传统经颈入路比较,切口隐蔽,美容效果确切.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the feasibility,the risks and the advantages of endoscope-assisted submandibular gland resection using a retroauricular hairline incision ( RAHI) by comparing it with the conventional submandibular gland resection.Methods Twenty eight patients with benign lesions of the submandibular gland were included in the prospective clinically controlled study.Thirteen patients had endoscope-assisted resection using the RAHI approach and 15 cases had conventional transcervical approach resection.The size,location and adjacency of all lesions were evaluated by CT or MRI before surgery.The pathologic diagnoses of all cases were identified as benign diseases using fine needle aspiration biopsy.The two groups were compared for incision length,operation time,bleeding,incision cosmetic result,and complications.Results All 28 operations were successfully performed.Incision length in the endoscopic group was significantly longer than that in the trancervical group (Z =-4.516,P＜0.01),and the surgical time was longer in the endoscopic group( Z =-3.263 ,P ＜0.01) .After three months the mean subjective satisfaction score for the incision scar in the endoscopic group was significantly higher than that in the trancervical group(Z=-4.472,P＜0.01).In the endoscopic group,2 cases (15.4%) with temporary numbness of the earlobe and 1 case (7.7% ) with a temporary marginal mandibular nerve paralysis were found postoperatively.However,they recovered within 1 month.All 28 patients were disease free with a follow-up of 10 to 24 months (median of 18 months).Conclusions Endoscope-assisted submandibular gland resection via RAHI is feasible and safe for the treatment of benign submandibular gland lesions.In comparison with the transcervical approach,this method can provide better cosmetic results without significant complications.     

全麻下单极电刀切除扁桃体的疗效观察

目的观察并总结我科在全麻下使用单极电刀切除扁桃体的临床疗效。方法回顾我科自2013年09月至2018年7月收治的90例符合扁桃体切除手术指征的患者,随机分为对照组和实验组,每组45例。均在全麻下,对照组采用传统剥离的方法切除扁桃体,而实验组采用单极电刀切除扁桃体。对比两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛时间、伪膜生长等情况。结果相对于传统剥离术,单极电刀切除扁桃体的方式具有手术安全、手术时间更短、出血量更少、视野清楚的优势。结论单极电刀切除扁桃体的方法具有手术时间短、创伤小、恢复快以及手术疗效确切的优点,值得临床推广应用。     

Endoscopic vs microscopic myringoplasty: a different perspective

The objectives of this study were to ascertain the feasibility of transcanal endoscopic underlay myringoplasty using temporalis fascia and compare the results with microscopic myringoplasty. This prospective randomized trial included 60 patients with mucosal chronic otitis media with tympanic membrane perforations of all sizes and locations apart from posteriorly based small or moderate sized perforations. In the endoscopy group, 30 patients underwent exclusive transcanal myringoplasty using tympanomeatal flap elevation with underlay graft placement. In the microscopy group, 30 patients underwent myringoplasty using the postaural approach. Intra-operative variables compared were canalplasty and canal wall curettage for assessment of ossicular status. Graft uptake, hearing outcomes using pure tone audiometry and subjective cosmetic outcomes were assessed 24 weeks post-operatively and compared in the two groups. Resident feedback on the feasibility of endoscopic myringoplasty was obtained using a questionnaire. In the microscopy group, 5/30 patients required canalplasty due to canal overhangs and 4/30 required canal wall curettage for ossicular assessment, whereas none of the patients in the endoscopy group required these procedures. A graft uptake rate of 83.3 % was observed in both groups post-operatively after 24 weeks. Mean air-bone gap pre- and post-operatively in the endoscopy group was 28.5 and 18.13 dB, respectively, whereas these values were 32.4 and 16.9 dB, respectively, in the microscopy group. Subjective cosmetic outcomes were better in the endoscopy group. Resident feedback on endoscopic myringoplasty was positive. Endoscopic myringoplasty appears to be an effective alternative to microscopic myringoplasty and results in excellent hearing with good cosmetic outcomes.     

甲状腺双侧腺叶病变单侧胸前人路内镜手术与传统手术对比研究

目的 比较单侧胸前入路内镜手术与传统术式在处理甲状腺双侧腺叶病变方面的优缺点.方法 将2006年6月-2008年3月在中山大学附属第二医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科进行无注气内镜单侧胸前入路甲状腺双侧腺叶手术的患者20例设为内镜组,同期传统手术病例24例作为传统手术组.内镜组病例入选标准:既往无甲状腺等颈部疾病手术病史,无放疗史;结合术前CT和甲状腺功能检查选择考虑为良性肿块性病变.两侧瘤体直径均小于4 cm,其中有一侧的瘤体直径要小于2 cm,位于腺叶的中下部,并且靠近腺体表面.两组比较指标为术式、并发症、手术时间、住院时间、切口美容效果、切口疼痛情况.结果 内镜组和传统手术组病例的年龄和性别相匹配,在住院天数、术后引流量、术后疼痛评分方面差异无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05),内镜组术中出血量少于传统组、美观性好,但手术时间较长、住院费用较高.随访6个月至2年,两组均无永久性声带麻痹和低钙血症出现,无复发病例.内镜组有1例发生术后皮下血肿;1例发生暂时性声带麻痹,1个月后恢复.两组并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(x~2=2.514,P=0.201).结论 无注气内镜单侧胸前人路可以很好地对经选择的甲状腺双侧腺叶的病变进行处理,和传统手术比较,美观效果显著.     

Myringoplasty using a subcutaneous soft tissue graft

A retrospective study was performed on patients who underwent myringoplasty using an autologous subcutaneous soft tissue graft over a 5-year period. Details including age, site and size of perforation, grade of surgeon, surgical approach, postoperative dressings, overnight stay, complications and outcome were recorded and analysed. Fifty-two patients underwent myringoplasty using a subcutaneous soft tissue graft. Their ages ranged from 4 to 78 years (median = 36 years). The mean follow-up period was 19 months. Successful closure to give an intact tympanic membrane was obtained in 82.7% of patients. Thresholds improved on pure tone audiometry in 57.1% and deteriorated in only one patient. There was no case of dead ear as a result of surgery. Subcutaneous tissue graft has comparable outcomes with temporalis fascia graft with additional advantages of a smaller incision, minimum dissection and a lower risk of bleeding.