正交函数分光光度法测定石杉碱甲片剂中石杉碱甲的含量

本文采用正交函数分光光度法，以二次正交多项式，波长点数Ｎ＝６，波长间隔Δλ＝４ｎｍ，中间波长λｍ为３１５ｎｍ，测定石杉碱甲片中石杉碱甲的含量，方法平均回收率为１００．６％，采用该法以消除赋形剂对测定的影响。     

薄层扫描法测定神乐康片中钩藤碱的含量

神乐康片主要由钩藤、酸枣仁等中药组成 ,功能平肝清热、养血安神。本实验采用薄层扫描法测定组方中钩藤碱的含量 ,作为该制剂中的钩藤质量控制指标。1　实验部分1 .1　仪器与试剂岛津ＣＳ 90 0 0双波长薄层扫描仪 ;数据处理机为ＤＲ - 1 3;试剂均为分析纯 ,对照品与分析品均由神奕公司提供。1 .2　薄层条件硅胶层析板 :硅胶Ｇ2 54(青岛海洋化工厂 ) ;展开条件 :氯仿 甲醇 氨水 ( 2 3∶2∶0 .2 )。1 .3　扫描方式反射法锯齿扫描 ;检测波长λｓ=2 4 0ｎｍ ,λＲ=370ｎｍ ,狭缝 :0 .4ｍｍ× 0 .4ｍｍ。2　实验结果2 .1　稳定性和精密度试验取…     

浅谈几种降压中药

钩藤：茜草科植物钩藤的带钩枝条。味甘、性微寒。有清热、平肝熄火、镇痉等功效，钩藤茎枝中含有多种吲哚类生物碱，包括钩藤碱、异钩藤碱、钩藤总碱，以及非生物碱。钩藤中主要有效降压成分为钩藤碱和异钩藤碱，后者的降压效果强于钩藤碱。     

薄层扫描法测定心疾宁胶囊中小檗碱的含量

采用薄层的扫描法对心疾宁胶囊的小檗碱的含量进行了测定，样品测定波长λｓ＝４３０ｎｍ，λＲ＝６００ｎｍ，回收率为１０１．７％。     

钩藤的有效成分及降压作用的特点

钩藤为首草科植物钩藤，华钧藤及同属多种植输的带钩茎技，是中医临床常用平肝息风药之一。钩股性做事妍扩得夸眨动平肝、急风定惊、降血压的功效，临床用于肝阳上亢的头晕、目眩、头胀头痛、高血压及肝热动风、惊痛抽搐等症。l钩藤的有效成分构藤的茎校中含有多种叫唤类生物碱，包括钩藤碱、异约藤碱、去氢钩藤碱、异去氢钩藤碱、柯南因、毛构藤碱等，其中主要有效成分为钩藤碱和异约藤碱，钩藤碱占总碱的289％，异钩藤碱约占总碱的14·7％，此二者为降血压的有效成分。生物碱含量以根和带钩茎技较高，不同种类的钩藤，其生物碱的含量亦有…     

HPLC法测定中药钩藤中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱的含量

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定中药钩藤中有效成分钩藤碱和异钩藤碱的含量。方法:色谱柱Lichrospher C18(4.0×250 mm,5μm),流动相:甲醇:水(含10 mmol/L的三乙胺,冰醋酸调节pH值为7.4~7.6)=55:45,检测波长为254 nm,加入1%盐酸10μL作为改性剂。温度为25℃,测定钩藤碱和异钩藤碱的线性关系方程。结果:钩藤碱与异钩藤碱的回归方程分别为Y=9.2×104-0.281×104,Y=7.6×104-0.375×104,线性范围分别为0.100~1.60μg/mL(r=0.9999),0.211~1.379μg/mL(r=0.9998),钩藤碱的平均回收率为99.154%,异钩藤碱的平均回收率为99.40%。结论:HPLC法测定中药钩藤中两种成分的含量,方法简单、快速,精密度及稳定性好,可以用于控制中药材钩藤的品质。     

RP-HPLC法测定钩藤煎剂中钩藤碱含量及变化

[目的]测定钩藤中钩藤碱在沸水后下煎药法中煎出量及变化规律。[方法]采用RP-HPLC法,HypersilBDSC18柱,(150mm×4.6mm,5μm),以甲醇∶水(70∶30)为流动相,流速1.0ml/min,波长254nm,柱温25℃。[结果]钩藤碱在0.19μg～0.95μg范围内与峰面积线性关系良好r=0.9990。[结论]钩藤在沸水后下煎药法中,其钩藤碱在汤药中的含量在11.4min达高峰,其后汤药中钩藤碱的含量逐渐降低。     

RP - HPLC 法测定钩藤中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱的含量简

目的 建立钩藤中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱含量测定方法.方法采用反相高效液相色谱法（RP-HPLC法）测定,色谱柱为Phenomenex Luna C18（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,流动相为乙腈（A）和0.3‰三乙胺水溶液（B）,采用线性梯度洗脱：0 min：40% A,5 min：50% A,21 min：67% A,25 min：100% A;流速1 mL/min;柱温为室温.DAD检测器,检测波长 254 nm.进样量10 μL.结果 钩藤碱和异钩藤碱分别在10~80 μg/mL范围内,线性关系良好（r=0.9999,1.0）,钩藤碱的平均回收率为103.1%,RSD为2.7%（n=9）,异钩藤碱的平均回收率为99.2%,RSD为3.2%（n=9）.结论该测定方法操作简便、结果准确,可以用于钩藤药材的质量控制.     

不同干燥方法对钩藤药材中钩藤碱含量的影响

目的：考察不同干燥方法对钩藤药材中钩藤碱含量的影响。方法：采用HPLC法,以钩藤中钩藤碱含量为指标,测定不同干燥方法中钩藤药材钩藤碱的含量。色谱条件：Intertsil ODSSP C18柱（4．6mm×250mm,5μm）;流动相：甲醇-水（含0．002mol／L三乙胺．用冰醋酸调pH到7．O）一70：30;流速：1mL／min;检测波长：254nm。结果：阴干与阳光下暴晒的样品中钩藤碱含量较其他方法干燥的样品高,分别为0．416％和0．408％,且含水量均达到2010年版《中国药典》的要求。结论：钩藤药材宜采用阴于或暴晒的干燥方法,尽量避免长时间高温干燥。     

CZE测定钩藤中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱含量

目的：建立钩藤中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱含量测定的CZE分析方法,分析研究钩藤中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱的含量.方法：采用50mmoL/L,pH =6.5的醋酸铵-甲醇溶液作为缓冲液,以二苯胍和奎宁分别为钩藤碱和异钩藤碱内标物的CZE内标法同时对钩藤中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱的含量进行测定.结果：在选定条件下,钩藤中钩藤碱和异钩藤碱得到准确测定.结论：主产于贵州的钩藤药材中的钩藤碱和异钩藤碱含量普遍较低,有的甚至在该分析条件下未能检出,这一研究结果可为今后钩藤的研究提供参考依据.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.