On-line血液透析滤过对维持性血液透析患者矿物质代谢的影响

目的 探讨On-line血液透析滤过技术对维持性血液透析患者矿物质代谢的影响.方法 选取尿毒症维持性血液透析患者110例,采用数字表法随机分为常规血液透析治疗组(HD组)和On-line血液透析滤过治疗组(HDF组),每组各55例.HD组患者每周行3次血液透析治疗,HDF组患者每周行2次常规血液透析治疗,1次血液透析滤过,时间均为4h.监测治疗当天和治疗3个月后患者外周血中血清钙离子、磷、全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)及碱性磷酸酶(ALP)等矿物质代谢的评估指标.结果 治疗前两组患者血钙、磷、iPTH及ALP水平差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).治疗3个月后,HD组血钙、iPTH和ALP与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05),血磷低于治疗前水平,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).HDP组治疗后血磷、iPTH和ALP较治疗前下降明显(均P＜0.01).治疗后,HDF组血磷和ALP较HD组显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),iPTH降低更为显著(P＜0.01).结论 与普通血液透析比较,On-line血液透析滤过治疗能有效清除血磷,降低iPTH和ALP水平,从而改善维持性血液透析患者的矿物质代谢异常.     

维持性血液透析患者皮肤瘙痒情况的调查

目的 分析维持性血液透析患者皮肤瘙痒的部位、程度及治疗情况.方法 对我院血液净化中心63例维持性血液透析患者的皮肤瘙痒发生部位、以视觉模拟评分法评估瘙痒程度并调查其治疗情况.结果 63例维持性血液透析患者常见的瘙痒部位依次为背部、下肢、胸部、上肢、头颈部;轻度、中度、重度瘙痒分别为22例(34.9%)、25例(39.6%)、16例(25.4%);合并皮肤感染5例.63例患者中有40例患者接受血液灌流和(或)血液透析滤过治疗,经规律血液灌流和(或)血液透析滤过治疗后症状缓解.单纯行血液透析治疗的23例瘙痒患者中有14例去皮肤科就诊,经局部对症治疗效果不明显.结论 维持性血液透析患者皮肤瘙痒多为中、重度并可能发生皮肤感染.规律血液灌流和(或)血液透析滤过治疗能有效地缓解维持性血液透析患者皮肤瘙痒,而单纯局部对症治疗无效.     

连续性血浆滤过吸附治疗百草枯中毒的临床护理

连续性血浆滤过吸附(continuous plasma filtration adsorption,CPFA),也称为配对血浆滤过吸附(couple plasma filtration adsorption,CPFA),是指全血先由血浆分离器分离出血浆,被吸附剂吸附(清除炎症介质和细胞因子等中大分子物质)后与血细胞混合,再经过第二个滤器的作用,清除多余的水分和小分子毒素.百草枯(PQ),又名对草快,商品名克芜踪,人体吸收后可导致器官功能衰竭,常规治疗效果差,无特效解毒剂,病死率高[1].我中心自2008年12月至2010年5月共接诊46例百草枯中毒患者采用连续性血浆滤过吸附治疗和护理,取得一定效果,现报告如下.     

血液透析患者结核菌感染的临床诊治分析

目的 分析维持性血液透析患者感染结核菌的临床特点.方法 回顾分析2008年1月至2010年8月我科12例维持性血液透析并发结核菌感染患者的临床资料、诊治及转归的情况.结果 196例维持性血液透析患者中感染结核菌12例(6％).其中肺结核3例(25％)、结核性胸膜炎4例(33％)、颈部淋巴结核及腹膜后淋巴结核各1例(8％)、部位不明的肺外结核3例(25％).主要症状有发热、乏力、纳差等.结核菌素试验检查9例阴性,3例弱阳性;红细胞沉降率治疗前为(90±28)mm/h,治疗后为(47±18)mm/h,其中4例患者＞100 mm/h;经抗结核治疗后患者红细胞沉降率、血红蛋白水平与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),血红蛋白水平也恢复明显(t =2.15,P＜0.05),并且所有患者治疗前、后未见药物不良反应发生.结论 维持性血液透析患者合并结核菌感染临床较为常见,临床症状不典型、多以肺外结核为主,合理抗结核用药及疗程可改善患者的预后.     

杂合式血液净化方式对维持性血液透析患者生活质量的影响

目的 探讨杂合式血液净化方式对维持性血液透析患者生活质量的影响.方法 选取2015年3月至2016年10月在郑州人民医院进行维持性血液透析治疗的患者共86例,根据不同血液净化方法分为A组(血液透析组)28例、B组(血液透析+血液透析滤过组)30例和C组(血液透析+血液透析/血液灌流组)28例,观察1年.治疗前、后应用肾脏病生活质量简表(KDQOL-SFTM1.3)对三组患者的生活质量进行评价,并对结果进行相应分析.结果 A组患者治疗后生存质量评分略下降,与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);B组患者治疗后生存质量评分升高,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);C组患者治疗后生存质量评分升高,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).三组患者治疗前生存质量评分相近,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);治疗后B组与C组均高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),B、C组间评分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 对维持性血液透析患者实施杂合式血液净化方式(血液透析+血液透析滤过/+血液灌流)可有效改善患者生活质量,但其治疗费用有所增加,因此如何在提高血液透析效果的同时降低经济负担是我们今后探索的方向.     

不同血液净化方式联合骨化三醇冲击治疗对维持性血液透析患者肾性骨病指标的影响及意义

目的 通过观察不同血液净化方式联合骨化三醇冲击治疗对维持性血液透析患者肾性骨病指标的影响,探讨肾性骨病合适的治疗方案.方法 将60例符合标准的患者按随机数字表法分为3组,每组20例.所有患者采用骨化三醇冲击治疗,使用低钙透析液.普通透析组患者采用常规透析,血液透析滤过组患者采用血液透析滤过治疗,每周透析3次,其中血液透析滤过治疗每周1次.血液透析灌流组患者采用血液透析联合血液灌流治疗,每周透析3次,其中血液透析联合血液灌流治疗每周1次.结果 3组患者使用不同透析方式联合药物治疗3个月后发现,治疗前3组患者血钙、血磷、血甲状旁腺激素水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),治疗后1个月血液透析灌流组患者血磷与普通透析组患者比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而血液透析滤过组患者的血磷与普通透析组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);治疗后3个月血液透析滤过组和血液透析组患者的血甲状旁腺激素、血磷、血钙水平与普通透析组比较差异也有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而血液透析滤过组和血液透析灌流组间血甲状旁腺激素、血磷、血钙水平比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 对于维持性血液透析的患者存在高磷血症以及继发性甲状旁腺激素的升高等肾性骨病的指标异常,可以应用血液透析滤过以及血液透析联合血液灌流治疗,且安全可行.     

血液透析滤过治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的临床观察

目的 比较血液透析滤过与普通血液透析治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的临床疗效.方法 将维持性血液透析患者44例,按随机数字表法分为治疗组(22例)和对照组(22例).对照组采用血液透析,每周3次,每次4 h;治疗组采用血液透析(每周2次,每次4 h)+One-line 血液透析滤过(每周1次,每次4 h),均应用低分子肝素钙抗凝,血流量为200～250 ml/min,透析液为碳酸氢钠,流速为500 ml/min,共治疗3个月.两组患者治疗前、后检测甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白.结果 治疗组临床症状的改善与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);对照组甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白、血红蛋白无明显变化,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01、＜0.05).结论 与普通透析比较,血液透析滤过能更好地清除体内甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白等中分子物质,临床症状改善效果优于普通透析,提高了患者的生存质量.     

血液透析滤过治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的临床观察

目的 比较血液透析滤过与普通血液透析治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的临床疗效.方法 将维持性血液透析患者44例,按随机数字表法分为治疗组(22例)和对照组(22例).对照组采用血液透析,每周3次,每次4 h;治疗组采用血液透析(每周2次,每次4 h)+One-line 血液透析滤过(每周1次,每次4 h),均应用低分子肝素钙抗凝,血流量为200～250 ml/min,透析液为碳酸氢钠,流速为500 ml/min,共治疗3个月.两组患者治疗前、后检测甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白.结果 治疗组临床症状的改善与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗组甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);对照组甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白、血红蛋白无明显变化,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01、＜0.05).结论 与普通透析比较,血液透析滤过能更好地清除体内甲状旁腺激素、β2微球蛋白等中分子物质,临床症状改善效果优于普通透析,提高了患者的生存质量.     

高通量透析对维持透析患者残余肾功能影响的临床观察

目的 观察高通量血液透析与低通量血液透析对维持性血液透析患者残余肾功能的影响.方法 比较治疗后两组患者24 h尿量、残余肾功能、尿素清除指数Kt/V、标准蛋白分解率、白蛋白、β2微球蛋白、甲状旁腺素、C反应蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子-α变化.结果 6个月后两组都存在残余肾功能的减退,但高通量血液透析组的24 h尿量及残余肾小球滤过率显著高于低通量血液透析组.高通量血液透析组标准蛋白分解率、血浆白蛋白显著高于低通量血液透析组.治疗后高通量血液透析组β2微球蛋白、甲状旁腺素显著低于低通量血液透析组.高通量血液透析组C反应蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子-α显著低于低通量血液透析组.结论 高通量血液透析有利于维持性透析患者残余肾功能的维护,其机制可能与清除更多中分子物质,减轻炎症反应相关.     

持续低效每日血液透析滤过治疗糖尿病肾病合并急性肾损伤的疗效观察

目的 探讨持续低效每日血液透析滤过治疗糖尿病肾病合并急性肾损伤患者的近期疗效.方法 选择糖尿病肾病Ⅳ期合并急性肾损伤患者33例,根据血液净化的方式分为2组,其中15例行持续低效每日血液透析滤过治疗,18例行间歇性血液透析治疗,观察1个月2种治疗方法的疗效.结果 2组患者治疗后摆脱替代治疗率分别为35％及28％,病死率分别为30％及38％,两者比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);持续低效每日血液透析滤过组患者摆脱血液净化的时间低于间歇性血液透析组(P＜0.05).结论 对于糖尿病肾病合并急性肾损伤患者,持续低效每日血液透析滤过为安全且有效地治疗措施,较间歇性血液透析治疗近期效果好.     

Vasopressor hormone response following mesenteric traction during major abdominal surgery

Background : We investigated the vasopressor hormone response following mesenteric traction (MT) with hypotension due to prostacyclin (PGI₂) release in patients undergoing abdominal surgery with a combined general and epidural anesthesia. Methods : In a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study we administered 400 mg ibuprofen (i.v.) in 42 patients scheduled for abdominal surgery. General anesthesia was combined with epidural anesthesia (T4-L1). Before as well as 5, 15, 30, 45, and 90 min after MT we recorded plasma osmolality, hemodynamics and measured 6-keto-PGFlα (stabile metabolite of PGI₂), TXB₂ (stabile metabolite of thromboxane A₂) active renin, and arginine vasopressin (AVP) plasma concentrations by radioimmunoassay. Catecholamine levels were assessed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection. Results : Following MT, arterial hypotension occurred along with a substantial PGI₂ release. This was completely abolished by ibuprofen administration. Although plasma levels of 6-keto-PGF_1α (1133 (708) vs. 60 (3) ng/L, median (median absolute deviation), P=0.0001, placebo vs. ibuprofen) remained significantly elevated, blood pressure was restored within 30 min after MT in the placebo group. At the same point in time plasma concentrations of TXB² (164 (87) vs. 58 (1) ng/L, P=0.0001), epinephrine (46 (33) vs. 14 (6) ng/L, P=0.001), AVP (41 ± (18) vs. 12 (7) ng/L, P=0.0004), and active renin (27 (12) vs. 12 (4) ng/L, P = 0.001) were significantly higher in placebo-treated patients. Conclusion : Under combined general and epidural anesthesia arterial hypotension following MT due to endogenous PGI₂ release is associated with enhanced release of AVP, active renin, epinephrine and thromboxane A₂, presumably contributing to hemodynamic stability within 30 min after MT.     

A comparison of the inhibitory effects of four volatile anaesthetics on the metabolism of chlorzoxazone, a substrate for CYP2E1, in rabbits

Background: Halothane inhibits in vitro and in vivo activity of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 2E1. There are several fluorinated volatile anaesthetics besides halothane, and most of them are defluorinated by CYP2E1. It is unclear whether other fluorinated anaesthetics inhibit the in vivo activity of CYP2E1.
Methods: We compared the inhibitory effects of therapeutic concentrations of four inhalational anaesthetics, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane, on chlorzoxazone metabolism in rabbits receiving artificial ventilation.
Results: All four inhalational anaesthetics decreased arterial blood pressure and increased plasma chlorzoxazone concentration. However, no significant differences in the plasma chlorzoxazone concentration were found between the four anaesthetics. The estimated chlorzoxazone clearance increased after beginning inhalation with all four agents, but no significant difference in clearance was noted between agents.
Conclusions: At therapeutic concentrations, the in vivo inhibitory effect on chlorzoxazone metabolism was similar for all four inhalational anaesthetics examined, even though their chemical characteristics and extent of hepatic metabolism differ considerably.     

A Teaspoon Pump for Pumping Blood with High Hydraulic Efficiency and Low Hemolysis Potential

Abstract: Virtually all blood pumps contain some kind of rubbing, sliding, closely moving machinery surfaces that are exposed to the blood being pumped. These valves, internal bearings, magnetic bearing position sensors, and shaft seals cause most of the problems with blood pumps. The original teaspoon pump design prevented the rubbing, sliding machinery surfaces from contacting the blood. However, the hydraulic efficiency was low because the blood was able to "slip around" the rotating impeller so that the blood itself never rotated fast enough to develop adequate pressure. An improved teaspoon blood pump has been designed and tested and has shown acceptable hydraulic performance and low hemolysis potential. The new pump uses a nonrotating "swinging" hose as the pump impeller. The fluid enters the pump through the center of the swinging hose; therefore, there can be no fluid slip between the revolving blood and the revolving impeller. The new pump uses an impeller that is comparable to a flexible garden hose. If the free end of the hose were swung around in a circle like half of a jump rope, the fluid inside the hose would rotate and develop pressure even though the hose impeller itself did not "rotate"; therefore, no rotating shaft seal or internal bearings are required.     

Microspheres Based Detoxification System: A New Method in Convective Blood Purification

Abstract: A variety of protein-bound or hydrophobic substances, accumulating as a result of pathologic conditions such as exogenous or endogenous intoxications, are removed poorly by conventional detoxification methods because of low accessibility (hemodialysis), insufficient adsorption capabilities (hemosorption), low efficiency (peritoneal dialysis), or economic limitations (high-volume plasmapheresis). Combining advantages of existing methods with microspheric technology, a module-based system was designed. Major operating parameters of the latter can be modified to allow for adjustment to individual clinical situations. An extracorporeal blood circuit including a plasmafilter is combined with a secondary high-velocity plasma circuit driven by a centrifugal pump. Different microspheric adsorbers can be combined in one circuit or applied in sequence. Thus, a prolonged treatment can be tailored using specially designed selective adsorber materials. Comparing this system with existing methods (high-flux hemodialysis, molecular adsorbent recycling system), results from our in vitro studies and animal experiments demonstrate the superior efficiency of substance removal.     

Tissue perfusion in relation to cardiac output during continuous positive-pressure ventilation and administration of propranolol or verapamil

Background : Our objective was to determine whether administration of propranolol or verapamil modifies the hemodynamic adaptation to continuous positive-pressure ventilation (CPPV), in particular the regional distribution of cardiac output (CO).
Methods : General hemodynamics and regional blood flows assessed by microsphere technique (15 (μm) were recorded in 16 anesthetized pigs during spontaneous breathing (SB) and CPPV with 8 cm H₂O end-expiratory pressure (CPPV8) before and after intravenous administration of propranolol (0.3 mg · kg⁻¹ followed by 0.15 mg · kg⁻¹ · h⁻¹, n=8) or verapamil (0.1 mg · kg⁻¹ followed by 0.3 mg · kg⁻¹ · h⁻¹, n=8).
Results : CPPV8 depressed CO by 25% without shifts in its relative distribution with the exception of a noteworthy increase in adrenal perfusion. Propranolol increased arterial blood pressure, and due to a fall in heart rate, CO dropped by 25%. The kidneys and, to a lesser extent, the splanchic region and central nervous system received increased fractions of the remaining CO at the expense of skeletal muscle flow. Similar patterns were seen during SB and CPPV8 such that the combination of propranolol and CPPV8 depressed CO by 50%. The circulatory effects of verapamil were less evident but myocardial perfusion tended to increase.
Conclusions : The combination of propranolol or verapamil with CPPV does not result in any specific hemodynamic interaction in anesthetized pigs, except that the combined effect of propranolol and CPPV may severely reduce CO.     

Volatile anaesthetics reduce adhesion of blood platelets under low-flow conditions in the coronary system of isolated guinea pig hearts

Background : Inhibitory effects of volatile anaesthetics on platelet aggregation have been demonstrated in several studies. However, the influence of volatile anaesthetics on intracoronary platelet adhesion has not been elucidated so far.
Methods : Isolated hearts of guinea pigs were perfused with buffer in the absence or presence of volatile anaesthetics (0.5 and 1 MAC) at constant coronary flow rates of 5 ml/min for 25 min, then 1 ml/min for 30 min and again 5 ml/min for 10 min. Before, during and after low-flow perfusion, a bolus of human platelets was applied into the coronary system. To simulate thrombogenic conditions, 0.3 U/ml human thrombin was infused during low-flow perfusion and reperfusion. The number of platelets sequestered to the endothelium was calculated from the difference between coronary in- and output of platelets. The myocardial production of lactate and consumption of pyruvate and coronary perfusion pressure were also determined.
Results : At a flow rate of 5 ml/min only about 3% of the applied platelets did not emerge from the coronary system, in any group. In contrast, 13.1±1.2% (mean±SEM) of infused platelets became adherent in low-flow perfusion in the control group without anaesthetic. The adherence was reduced with each 1 MAC isoflurane (to 6.2±1.2%), sevoflurane (to 4.4±0.9%) or halothane (to 3.2±1.5%) (each P <0.05 vs. control). Volatile anaesthetic, 0.5 MAC, did not inhibit platelet adhesion to a statistically significant extent in any case. Perfusion pressure and metabolic parameters were not statistically different between the control and the hearts exposed to anaesthetics.
Conclusion : Volatile anaesthetics in a concentration of 1 MAC can reduce the adhesion of platelets in the coronary system under reduced flow conditions. This action does not arise from vasodilation or inhibition of ischaemic stress.     

Bariatric Surgery in Some "Central and East-European (former Eastern bloc)"Countries - Current Status and Prediction for the Next Millennium

Background: Obesity is increasing globallly, including in the formerly "Eastern Bloc" countries. Methods: A survey was made of obesity and bariatric surgery. Results: In the 8 East and Central European countries studied, with total population 300 million, roughly 43% of the population was overweight (BMI 25-30), 23% obese (BMI > 30), with about 15 million people morbidly obese (BMI > 40). From 0-10 morbidly obese individuals/100,000/year undergo bariatric surgery. Conclusion: Most countries were found to provide inadequate treatment for obesity.The majority of the morbidly obese are not treated effectively. However, health-care awareness of obesity and bariatric surgeons are slowly increasing.     

Is the recovery profile of mivacurium independent of the rate of decay of its plasma concentration in patients with normal plasma cholinesterase activity?

Background: The duration of action of muscle relaxants is poorly correlated to the rate of decay of their plasma concentration. The plasma concentration of mivacurium may rapidly decrease below its active concentration because of the extensive hydrolysis of mivacurium. By inflating a tourniquet on one upper limb for 3 min after the administration of atracurium, mivacurium or vecuronium, we studied the influence of the initial decline of their plasma concentration on their effect. Methods: In 50 patients anaesthetised with thiopental, isoflurane and fentanyl, the effect of bolus doses of 0.15 or 0.25 mg . kg^?1 mivacurium (MIV 15, MIV 25), 0.3 or 0.5 mg . kg^?1 atracurium (ATR 30, ATR 50) and 0.06 or 0.1 mg . kg^?1 vecuronium (VEC 06, VEC 10) were measured on both arms (evoked response of the adductor pollicis to train-of-four stimulation every 12 s), a tourniquet being applied on one arm just before and during 3 min after the muscle relaxant bolus. Results: Tourniquet inflation of 3 min almost abolished the neuromuscular effect of mivacurium. In the vecuronium groups and in the ATR 50 group, tourniquet inflation did not modify the maximum degree of depression of the twitch response. Also, the duration of action of vecuronium was unaffected by the tourniquet. In the ATR 30 group, times to return of the twitch response to 25% (duration 25%) and 75% (duration 75%) of control response were significantly shorter in the cuffed arm, 23 min vs 27 min, and 41 min vs 45 min, respectively. In the ATR 50 group, only duration 25% was significantly shorter in the cuffed arm (41 min vs 45 min). Conclusion: The results suggest that the rate of decline of the plasma concentration of mivacurium is so rapid, that a very low and almost clinically ineffective concentration is present as soon as 3 min after its administration. The results also indicate that the recovery from a mivacurium-induced neuromuscular blockade is not influenced by the rate of decay of its plasma concentration in patients with genotypically normal plasma cholinesterase.     

Membranes in Artificial Organs

Abstract: Membrane processes play a pivotal and enabling role in modern replacement therapy for acute and chronic organ failure and in the management of immunologic diseases. In fact, virtually all contemporary extracorporeal blood purification methods employ membrane devices, and the next generation of artificial organs and tissue engineering therapies are almost certain to be similarly grounded in membrane technology. In this short essay, we comment on the similarities and differences among synthetic membranes and their natural counterparts and also provide a critical overview of the demographics and technology of hemodialysis, hemofiltration, apheresis, oxygenation, and emerging membrane technologies and applications.     

Influence of dopexamine hydrochloride on haemodynamics and regulators of circulation in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery

Background: Catecholaminergic support is often used to improve haemodynamics in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Dopexamine is a synthetic vasoactive catecholamine with beneficial microcirculatory properties. Methods: The influence of perioperative administration of dopexamine on cardiorespiratory data and important regulators of macro- and microcirculation were studied in 30 patients undergoing Whipple pancreaticduodenectomy. The patients received randomized and blinded either 2 μg · kg^?1 · min^?1 of dopexamine (n=15) or placebo (n=15, control group). The infusion was started after induction of anaesthesia and continued until the morning of the first postoperative day. Endothelin-1 (ET-1), vasopressin, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and catecholamine plasma levels were measured from arterial blood samples. Measurements were carried out after induction of anaesthesia, 2 h after onset of surgery, at the end of surgery, 2 h after surgery, and on the morning of the first postoperative day. Results: Cardiac index (CI) increased significantly in the dopexamine group (from 2.61±0.41 to 4.57±0.78 1 · min^?1 · m^?2) and remained elevated until the morning of the first postoperative day. Oxygen delivery index (DO₂I) and oxygen consumption index (VO₂I) were also significantly increased in the dopexamine group (DO₂I: from 416±91 to 717±110 ml/m² · m²; VO₂I: from 98±25 to 157±22 ml/m² · m²), being significantly higher than in the control group. pHi remained stable only in the dopexamine patients, indicating adequate splanchnic perfusion. Vasopressive regulators of circulation increased significantly only in the untreated control patients (vasopressin: from 4.37±1.1 to 35.9±12.1 pg/ml; ET-1: from 2.88±0.91 to 6.91±1.20 pg/ml). Conclusion: Patients undergoing major abdominal surgery may profit from prophylactic perioperative administration of dopexamine hydrochloride in the form of improved haemodynamics and oxygenation as well as beneficial influence on important regulators of organ blood flow.