Accuracy of self- and parental perception of overweight among Latino preadolescents

BACKGROUND: This investigation examines self-perception and parental perception of child body size and factors associated with accurate parental perception of child body size. METHODS: Latino at-risk for overweight (AROW) and/or overweight preadolescent children (ages 8-11 years) along with their parents were recruited (N=123 dyads). Children's body mass index (BMI) was measured but not discussed before participants were shown pictures of body sizes and asked to select the image that represented the child's body. RESULTS: The correlation between the child's body size selection and the child's actual BMI was 0.117 (p=0.20) whereas the correlation between the parent's assessment of the child's body size and the child's actual BMI was 0.470 (p<0.001). Logistic regression revealed that only parental education level (> or =college) was associated with a more accurate parental perception of their child's body size (OR: 0.11/95% CI: 0.01, 0.89) while child's sex, parental BMI, and parental health status were not associated with a perception that corresponded to the child's BMI. LIMITATIONS: The sample was drawn from a single community clinic in Forsyth County which serves a large population of newer Latino immigrants in the county. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that (1) Latino AROW/overweight preadolescent children do not have an accurate perception of their own body size; (2) Latino parents have a more accurate perception of their child's body size with a moderately sized correlation suggesting that their perception of their child's body size is frequently inaccurate; and (3) Latino parents with higher education perceive their child's body size more accurately than less educated parents.     

Prevalence of taurodontism in premolars among patients at a tertiary care institution in Trinidad

OBJECTIVES: A study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of taurodontism in premolars in a group of adult dental patients in Trinidad and Tobago since there is no such data available for the region. METHODS: Periapical and orthopantomograms of 1090 randomly selected patients were examined for the presence of an apically displaced pulp chamber without the usual constriction at the cementoenamel junction. RESULTS: Prevalence of taurodontism in a sample of 1090 patients was 11.28%. Of the 5324 premolars examined, 4.79% were taurodonts. Prevalence of taurodontism was higher in males (6.46%) compared to females (3.66%). A Statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001) was observed in the prevalence of taurodontism in mandibular premolars compared to maxillary premolars (9.07% vs 0.56%). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of taurodontism in premolars among Trinidadian patients, as assessed by radiographic study, was 4.79% and it was higher in the males compared to females. Significant differences were also observed between mandibular and maxillary premolars.     

手机依赖性使用与睡眠和饮食行为相关:基于2122名大学生问卷调查

目的 调查广州市某医学院校大学生手机依赖性使用情况与睡眠和饮食行为的相关性。方法 使用手机依赖性量表（MPIQ）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）及三因素饮食问卷R21（TFEQ-R21）,对2122 名在校大学生进行问卷调查,对数据行t检 验、方差分析、两两相关分析及设置哑变量的多元线性回归分析。结果 年龄、身体质量指数（BMI）、PSQI总分、TFEQ-R21的3个因子分（非控制性进食、认知限制进食、情绪性进食）、睡前使用手机、手机使用时间与MPIQ总分均呈显著相关（P<0.001）,多元线性回归方程提示最终模型的R2值为21.8%（调整后R2为21.5%）。结论 手机的依赖性使用与睡眠障碍和不良的饮食习惯均相关,学校应该对手机依赖性使用人群进行必要的宣教和干预。     

头颈部癌症术后患者身体意象与创伤后成长的关系研究

  目的  调查头颈部癌症术后患者身体意象与创伤后成长水平现状并探讨两者间的相关性。  方法  选取2020年9月—2021年3月在安徽省某三甲医院住院或门诊复查的206例头颈部癌症术后患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、身体意象量表(BIS)、简体中文版创伤后成长量表(C-PTGI)对研究对象进行调查。  结果  头颈部癌症术后患者BIS总分为(7.12±3.56)分,BIS总分≥10分有61例,BIS总分 < 10分有145例,身体意象失调发生率为29.6%;C-PTGI总分为(60.91±9.74)分;以10分为分界点,BIS总分≥10分组患者C-PTGI总分及各维度得分均高于BIS总分 < 10分组(均P < 0.05);Pearson相关分析结果显示,头颈部癌症术后患者BIS总分及各维度得分与C-PTGI总分及各维度得分之间呈负相关关系,差异有统计学意义(均P < 0.05);分层回归分析模型结果显示,控制一般资料后,身体意象是创伤后成长的影响因素(β=-0.513, ΔR2=0.222,F=41.147, P < 0.001)。  结论  头颈部癌症术后患者身体意象与创伤后成长水平均有待提高,良好的身体意象可以促进创伤后成长,临床医护人员可通过增进身体意象这一视角提高患者创伤后成长水平。      

Serum leptin concentration, adiposity, and body fat distribution in Mexican-Americans

BACKGROUND: Leptin is strongly associated with adiposity and few studies have investigated its role in Mexican-Americans. The aims of this study were to examine the association of serum leptin concentration with adiposity and body fat distribution in Mexican-Americans and to develop a predictive model of serum leptin concentration for this ethnic group. METHODS: Three hundred fifty-two college students (242 women, 110 men; age 18-30 years) were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. Body fat content was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Correlation between serum leptin levels and several markers of adiposity and body fat distribution were examined in both men and women. Multiple regression analysis was performed to create the predictive model. RESULTS: Women had higher serum leptin concentrations than men for the same levels of adiposity. After controlling for gender and body fat, only fat mass (FM) expressed in kg, was significantly correlated with serum leptin concentration in men (partial rho = 0.811, p <0.001), whereas body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), and FM expressed in kg, were significantly correlated with serum leptin concentration in women (partial rho = 0.214, p <0.001; partial rho = 0.201, p <0.01; and partial rho = 0.818, p <0.001, respectively). Percent body fat (PBF) was the only significant predictor of serum leptin concentration among men, explaining 42% of the variance in serum leptin concentration. In addition to PBF, waist circumference (WC) and HC were significant predictors of serum leptin concentration among women explaining 65% of the variance in serum leptin concentration. CONCLUSIONS: Serum leptin concentration is a function of adiposity as determined by PBF in both Mexican-American men and women. HC and WC are associated with serum leptin concentration in Mexican-American women but not in men. BMI alone should not be used in evaluating the association of serum leptin concentration with body fatness in Mexican-Americans.     

四川省多民族农村地区儿童膳食多样性与生长发育的相关性

目的了解四川省多民族农村地区儿童膳食多样性及生长发育现状,探究膳食多样性与生长发育指标的关系。方法 采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,选取四川省汉族、藏族和彝族农村地区18~36月龄儿童及其主要看护人为研究对象。采用自行设计的问卷收集儿童及其看护人的社会人口学特征和家庭基本情况。按照联合国粮食及农业组织《衡量家庭和个人膳食多样性的准则》计算儿童膳食多样性得分(DDS)。采用标准的人体学测量设备测量儿童的身高(长)和体重,依据世界卫生组织标准计算儿童的年龄别身高Z评分(HAZ)、年龄别体重Z评分(WAZ)、身高别体重Z评分(WHZ)。运用多元线性回归分析儿童膳食多样性与生长发育指标的关系。结果 共纳入1092名儿童,DDS为(4.8±1.7)分,低膳食多样性(DDS≤4)的儿童所占比例为45.3%。汉族儿童的DDS[(5.8±1.4)分]均高于藏族儿童[(4.9±1.6)分]和彝族儿童[(3.9±1.6)分](P均<0.001)。儿童生长迟缓(HAZ<-2)率、低体重(WAZ<-2)率以及消瘦(WHZ<-2)率分别为21.1%、4.9%、2.5%。多元线性回归结果显示,在调整了儿童性别、月龄、出生体重、是否早产、父母身高因素后,DDS与HAZ呈正相关(β=0.206,95%CI=0.158~0.254,P<0.001),进一步调整家庭固定资产、民族、看护人类型、看护人文化程度因素后,DDS与HAZ仍呈正相关(β=0.077,95%CI=0.026~0.128, P=0.003)。结论 四川省多民族农村地区儿童的膳食多样性情况较差,且存在明显的民族差异,其中彝族农村地区问题尤为突出。儿童DDS与HAZ呈正相关。建议针对四川省多民族农村地区的儿童膳食特征,开展营养健康教育指导,从而改善儿童的生长发育状况。     

Application of "the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score" in predicting outcome in ICU patients with SIRS

Background: Various scoring systems have been developed to prioritize patient admission and management in ICU. The objective of this prospective, observational cohort study was to evaluate application of one such system, the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score in predicting outcome in ICU patients with SIRS. Patients and Methods: Fifty patients admitted to a six bed multidisciplinary ICU with SIRS were consecutively enrolled in the study and SOFA scores were calculated at zero hour, after 48 hrs, and after 96 hrs and patients followed till discharge from hospital. Results: When compared to outcome, the non survivors had high initial, mean and highest SOFA scores as compared to survivors. (p value = 0.002, <0.001, <0.001 respectively). Delta SOFA was not significantly associated with outcome. (p value= 0.117). The initial SOFA score > 11 predicted a mortality of 90%. (OR 23.72, 95%CI2.68-209.78, p=0.004). Similarly, mean SOFA score of > 7 predicted a mortality of 73.9% (OR 22.7, 95%CI 5.0 - 103.5, p<0.001) and high SOFA score > 11 predicted a mortality of 87.5% (OR 32.66, 95%CI 5.82-183.179, p< 0.001). Area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for mean SOFA was 0.825, for high SOFA was 0.817 and for initial SOFA was 0.708. Thus mean, high and initial SOFA scores were helpful in predicting between the survivors and the non survivors. Conclusion: The SOFA scoring system is useful in predicting outcomes in ICU and thus help in proper utilization of ICU resources. Key words: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), Intensive Care Unit (ICU).     

Children with food refusal: An assessment of parental eating attitudes and their styles of coping with stress

BackgroundIn this study, we aimed to assess the eating attitudes and stress coping styles of parents whose children presented to the clinic complaining of food refusal.MethodsThe parents of 31 children aged ≥3 years, presented to the clinic with the complaint of food refusal. The control group consisted of 30 healthy children with no prior history of food refusal, and their parents. In both groups, birth features, body mass indexes (BMIs), eating attitudes and stress coping styles of the parents were assessed. The parents of both groups were studied, in part utilizing the eating attitudes test (EAT), and the coping styles of stress scale (CSSS).ResultsOur study found that body weights and BMI values of the fathers in the study group were significantly lower than fathers in the control group. There was no significant difference in EAT scores between the two groups; however, where the children’s body weight and height for age percentile was under 25%, the parents had significantly lower EAT scores. When CSSS scores were assessed, the optimistic approach score of the mother and the self-confident score of the father were found to be significantly high in both groups.ConclusionThe parental perception and definition of eating problemsdoes not necessarily indicate the presence of an eating disorder in a child. In fact, the eating attitudes of the fathers were related to the low percentile weight and height values of the children, and a child’s food refusal was not dependent on the stress coping style used by the parent.     

Cardiovascular risk factors and acculturation in Yaquis and Tepehuanos Indians from Mexico

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors are influenced by behavioral, cultural, and social factors, suggesting that acculturation plays a significant role in the emergency and growth of chronic disease. The objective of this study was to determine the relation between CV risk factors and the main components of acculturation, in Yaquis and Tepehuanos Indians from Mexico. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional population-based study in Yaquis and Tepehuanos communities from the Yaqui Valley in Sonora and the Sierra Madre Occidental Mountains in Durango, in northwest Mexico. Acculturation status is different in both ethnic groups, with Tepehuanos living in small and remote communities retaining their traditional lifestyle and Yaquis living in well-communicated communities that have assumed Westernized lifestyles. RESULTS: A total of 278 indigenous (120 Tepehuanos and 158 Yaquis) were randomly enrolled. Prevalence of obesity (48.1 and 6.7%, p <0.001), diabetes (18.3 and 0.83%, p <0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (43.0 and 15.0%, p <0.001), alcohol consumption (46.8 and 26.6%, p >0.001), and smoking (29.7 and 15.0%, p = 0.006) were significantly higher in Yaquis Indians. High blood pressure (6.3 and 3.3%, p = 0.40) and low HDL-cholesterol (42.4 and 34.2%, p = 0.22) were similar between Yaquis and Tepehuanos. Multivariate regression analysis adjusted by sex and age showed a significant association between calorie intake from saturated fat, but not other nutrients of customary diet, with hyperglycemia (OR 7.4, 95% CI 2.6-20.1), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.5-6.3), and obesity (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.6-10.1). CONCLUSIONS: Among the components of acculturation, intake of saturated fat is the most strongly associated with the development of CV risk factors.     

High STOP-BANG questionnaire scores predict intraoperative and early postoperative adverse events

INTRODUCTION

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is the most common sleep-related breathing disorder associated with multisystemic organ involvement. The STOP-BANG questionnaire is a concise, validated questionnaire that is used to screen for OSA. This study aimed to establish the use of the STOP-BANG questionnaire for perioperative patient risk stratification.

METHODS

In this retrospective cohort study, we extracted the demographic, medical and perioperative outcome data of all patients who underwent elective surgery, excluding ophthalmic surgeries, from January to December 2011. Multivariate regression analysis was used to predict independent risk factors for intraoperative and early postoperative adverse events.

RESULTS

Of the 5,432 patients analysed, 7.4% had unexpected intraoperative and early postoperative adverse events. We found that the risk of unexpected intraoperative and early postoperative adverse events was greater in patients with STOP-BANG scores ≥ 3 compared to those with a STOP-BANG score of 0 (score 3: odds ratio [OR] 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1–6.3, p < 0.001; score 4: OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.8–6.5, p < 0.001; score 5: OR 6.4, 95% CI 2.7–15.0, p < 0.001; score ≥ 6: OR 5.6, 95% CI 2.1–15.4, p < 0.001). Patients with STOP-BANG scores ≥ 5 had a fivefold increased risk of unexpected intraoperative and early postoperative adverse events, while patients with STOP-BANG scores ≥ 3 had a ‘one in four’ chance of having an adverse event. Other independent predictors included older age (p < 0.001), American Society of Anesthesiologists class ≥ 2 (p < 0.003) and uncontrolled hypertension (p = 0.028).

CONCLUSION

STOP-BANG score may be used as a preoperative risk stratification tool to predict the risk of intraoperative and early postoperative adverse events.     

Comparison of lipid levels, hyperlipidemia prevalence and its risk factors between Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations

BACKGROUND: Hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for atherosclerotic events. Differences in lipid levels may exist in different races. Han is the largest group and Zhuang is the largest minority among the 56 nationalities in China. Geographically and linguistically, Zhuang can be classified into 43 ethnic subgroups, among which Hei Yi (means black worship and black dress) Zhuang, living in Napo County bordering northeast Vietnam and with a population of about 50,000, is a special ethnic group, and the most conservative with a unique culture. Little is known about the lipid levels in this population. The aim of this study was to compare the lipid levels, prevalence of hyperlipidemia, and risk factors in Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations. METHODS: A total of 1068 people of Hei Yi Zhuang nationality were surveyed by a cluster sampling. Blood pressure, height, weight, serum lipid and apolipoprotein (Apo) levels were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The results were compared with those in 933 people of Han nationality who also live in that district. RESULTS: The levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and Apo B in Hei Yi Zhuang nationality were significantly lower than those in Han nationality (p <0.05-0.001), but the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the ratio of Apo A1 to Apo B in Hei Yi Zhuang nationality were significantly higher than those in Han nationality (p <0.001 and 0.05, respectively). The prevalence rates of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperlipidemia in Hei Yi Zhuang and Han nationalities were 25.00 vs. 28.72% (p >0.05), 12.45 vs. 14.36% (p >0.05), and 31.37 vs. 35.91% (p <0.05); respectively. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia in Hei Yi Zhuang or Han population was positively correlated with age, BMI, blood pressure, and alcohol consumption (p <0.05-0.001), respectively, but was not associated with gender or cigarette smoking in both nationalities (p >0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The current study reveals that there were significant differences in lipid levels and prevalence of hyperlipidemia between Hei Yi Zhuang and Han ethnic groups, but no significant differences in the detected risk factors for hyperlipidemia between the two ethnic groups, which might result from the comprehensive role of different dietary habits, life style, and level of physical activity, as well as genetic background.     

特发性脊柱侧凸女孩外周血中瘦素浓度与生长发育的相关性

目的探讨瘦素在青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（AIS）女患儿生长发育异常中的作用。方法测定120名MS女患儿和80名健康女孩外周静脉血的瘦素浓度。比较血浆瘦素浓度、人体形态测量学指标和生长发育状态在MS组和对照组女孩之间的差异,分析AIS女患儿的血浆瘦素浓度和躯体生长发育状态的相关性。结果与对照组相比,MS女患儿不仅有较低的体重、BMI和较高的校正身高（分别为44．3kg比53．6kg、17．5kg／m2比20．9kg／m2和162．7cm比160．2cm）,且有较低的血浆瘦素浓度（分别为8．6μg／L比14．9μg／L）。在MS和对照组中,瘦素浓度与初潮时年龄成反比（MS组,r=-0．428,P〈0．01;对照组,r=-0．280,P=0．013）;而MS女患儿的瘦素浓度与年龄、月经状态、校正身高、体重、体质量指数和Risser征等生长发育相关指标等均存在显著的正相关性（r=0．234～0．506,P〈0．01）。结论AIS女患儿的血浆瘦素浓度明显低于同龄对照组,且与生长发育相关指标显著相关,这种低瘦素水平可能在引起MS女患儿低体重和BMI方面起着重要作用。     

Circulating CXCL16 is related to the severity of coronary artery stenosis

BACKGROUND: The novel chemokine CXCL16 is involved in the development of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the role of CXCL16 in atherosclerosis remains uncertain. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between CXCL16 and the severity of coronary artery stenosis. METHODS: Using ELISA, we assayed the plasma CXCL16 concentration in 16 stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients, 53 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, and 19 control patients. All patients underwent coronary angiography after admission. They were divided into four groups according to the quartile of CXCL16 level. Characteristics and the relationship between CXCL16 and the elements were studied in each group. RESULTS: CXCL16 levels in the ACS group were higher than controls and SAP group (p <0.01 vs. controls; p <0.05 vs. SAP group). Gensini score in the highest quartile group of CXCL16 level (group IV, CXCL16 >2.21 ng/mL) was significantly higher than in the lowest quartile group of CXCL16 level (group I, CXCL16 < or = 1.43 ng/mL) (p <0.001). Gensini score in group II (1.43 ng/mL 相似文献   

Secondary School Students' Knowledge of Physical Therapy: The Trinidadian Scenario

Objective:

Research in regions outside of the Caribbean shows that high school and college students'' knowledge of physical therapy is lacking. There are no data reported to date for students in the Caribbean region. This study sought to evaluate Trinidadian secondary school students'' knowledge of physical therapy, identify sources of knowledge and examine the relationship between knowledge and selected factors.

Methods:

A non-experimental cross-sectional analysis of relationships was conducted with 1427 students attending schools that were randomly selected from rural and urban locations in Trinidad. A questionnaire which required the students to identify selected tasks performed by physical therapists, grade the skill level associated with each task and identify sources of information was utilized.

Results:

A total of 1353 questionnaires were returned, of which 1236 were eligible for analysis. The mean number of correct responses regarding knowledge of tasks conducted by a physical therapist was 6.47 ± 2.05 out of a total of 11. More than 50% of the respondents had incorrect responses for questions related to the skill level associated with each task. Seniors and students who were interested in health careers had significantly higher scores for knowledge of tasks performed by physical therapists (6.72 ± 1.94; 6.7 ± 1.81) than juniors and those who were interested in non-health careers (6.4 ± 2.07; 6.52 ± 1.99). The two most common sources of information from all categories of respondents were television (74.8%) followed by internet (54.6%).

Conclusion:

Students attending secondary schools in Trinidad are not well informed about physical therapy and strategies must be developed to address this.     

四种评分系统对脓毒症患者ICU死亡风险的预测价值比较

目的 评价序贯器官衰竭评分（SOFA）、简化急性生理评分（SAPS-Ⅱ）、牛津急性疾病严重程度评分（OASIS）、Logistic器官 功能障碍系统（LODS）评分系统预测ICU脓毒症患者死亡风险的价值。方法 通过MIMIC-Ⅲ数据库提取2001年至2012年共 计2470例脓毒症患者的临床资料,收集入ICU首日内SOFA评分、SAPS-Ⅱ评分、OASIS评分以及LODS评分。根据患者ICU 存活情况分为存活组和死亡组,分析比较两组间不同评分系统的差异性,计算4种评分系统ROC曲线下面积进行差异性分析, 对脓毒症患者ICU死亡情况进行二项Logistic回归分析,以综合比较4种评分系统对脓毒症患者ICU死亡的预测价值。结果 2470例脓毒症患者中ICU内存活1966例（79.6%）,死亡504例（20.4%）。其中死亡组年龄、机械通气使用率、初始乳酸、肌酐、尿 素氮、SOFA、SAPS-Ⅱ、OASIS和LODS评分明显高于存活组（P<0.05）,体质量及血小板明显低于存活组（P<0.05）。SOFA评 分、SAPS-Ⅱ评分、OASIS 评分以及 LODS 评分的 ROC 曲线下 AUC 值分别为 0.729（P<0.001）,0.768（P<0.001）,0.757（P< 0.001）, 0.739（P<0.001）。其中SAPS-Ⅱ评AUC值明显高于SOFA评分和LODS评分（Z=3.679,P<0.001;Z=3.698,P<0.001）, SAPS-Ⅱ与OASIS评分无明显差异（Z=1.102,P=0.271）;OASIS评分明显高于LODS评分（Z=2.172,P=0.030）,但与SOFA评分 无明显差异（Z=1.709,P=0.088）。按照是否合并脓毒性休克将患者分为两组,在单纯脓毒症组中,SAPS-Ⅱ评分预测患者死亡 的AUC值明显高于其他3种评分,为0.769（0.743-0.793）,在合并脓毒性休克组中,SAPS-Ⅱ与OASIS评分预测患者死亡的 AUC值明显高于其他两种评分,分别为0.768（0.745-0.791）、0.762（0.738-0.785）。二项Logistic回归多因素分析后发现SOFA、 SAPS-Ⅱ、OASIS评分系统均与脓毒症患者死亡相关（OR：1.08,95% CI：1.03-1.14,P=0.001;OR：1.04,95% CI：1.02-1.05,P<0.001; OR：1.04,95% CI：1.01-1.06,P=0.001）,但LODS评分与脓毒症患者发生ICU死亡无明显关系（OR：0.96,95%CI：0.89-1.04, P=0.350）。结论 SOFA、SAPS-Ⅱ和OASIS评分均能预测脓毒症患者ICU死亡风险,但SAPS-Ⅱ评分和OASIS评分预测价值 优于SOFA评分及LODS评分。     

压力诱发复杂性耳鸣的感知

目的：研究压力是否作为关键性危险因素诱发复杂性耳鸣的感知。方法：依据有无耳鸣相关不适症状,将183名参与者分为单纯性耳鸣组（n=45）、复杂性耳鸣组（n=88）和正常组（n=50）。使用社会再适应评定量表（SRRS）评估所有参与者过去一年中的压力性生活事件总和,耳鸣致残量表（THI）评价耳鸣严重性。结果：复杂性耳鸣组的SRRS得分显著高于单纯性耳鸣组及正常组（P＜0.001）,压力等级2（150～299）是复杂性耳鸣发生的独立的危险因素（OR值11.921,95%CI：3.613～39.333）,SRRS得分与THI得分呈正相关。结论：压力作为一个关键性的诱发因素,参与复杂性耳鸣的发生。     

伴与不伴躯体化症状青少年抑郁障碍病人白细胞介素水平研究

目的：检测青少年抑郁障碍病人血清白细胞介素(IL)水平,并分析其与躯体化症状的相关性。方法：选择2020年12月至2021年12月在合肥市第四人民医院治疗的13～18岁的青少年抑郁障碍病人93例,根据是否伴功能性躯体化症状(functional somatic symptoms, FSS),分为伴FSS组(40例)与不伴FSS组(53例)。同时选取32名正常青少年人群作为对照组。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、儿童躯体化量表(CSI)对疾病抑郁障碍现状进行评估。采用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测被试儿童血清IL-13及IL-12/23p40因子水平。结果：伴FSS青少年抑郁组IL-13因子水平显著高于不伴FSS组和对照组(P<0.05),不伴FSS组与对照组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);伴FSS组IL-12/23p40因子水平显著高于不伴FSS组(P<0.05),两者与对照组差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。IL-13水平与CSI总分及分因子分均呈正相关关系(r=0.360、0.286、0.366、0.310、0.336,P<0.01);IL-12/23...     

Subclinical eating disorder, polycystic ovary syndrome- is there any connection between these two conditions through leptin- a twin study

The genetic property of subclinical eating behaviour (SEB) and the link between SEB and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been studied before but the role of leptin within this connection has never been investigated. The objective of this study was 1). to study the genetic property of SEB. 2). To find a link between leptin, SEB and PCOS. One hundred and fifty four (77 pairs) female-female Iranian twins including 96 MZ individuals (48 pairs) and 58 DZ individuals (29 pairs) participated in the study. Clinical, biochemical and ultrasound tools were used to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome. BITE questionnaire was filled out for subjects. Eight percent of subjects were diagnosed for subclinical eating disorder. No significant difference was found between intraclass correlation of MZ and DZ (z = 0.57, P = 0.569). Serum leptin level correlated significantly with bulimia score (P < 0.007). The mean (+/-SD) value for bulimia score was found to be higher among PCOS(positive) subjects (3.27 +/- 5.51) in comparison with PCOS(negative) subjects (2.06 +/- 4.48) (P < 0.001). The genetic property of subclinical eating disorder was not confirmed as shared environment might have played a major role in likeliness of DZ twins as well as MZ. Leptin is linked with both subclinical eating disorder and PCOS.     

The predictive value of p53, Ki-67 and angiogenetic factors in primary hypopharyngeal carcinoma

To evaluate the predictive role of the oncogene p53, the proliferating marker Ki-67, angiogenic factors platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor/thymidine phosphorylase (PD-ECGF/dThdPase) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in primary hypopharyngeal carcinoma, we immunohistochemically studied a series of 84 primary hypopharyngeal carcinoma patients who were treated at the Department of Otolaryngology of Kurume University Hospital between 1990 and 1997. The correlation of each score according to the intensity and percentage of the labeled cells with the TNM stage, histological grade, metastasis and survival status was analyzed. The positive rate of p53 was 52.4%. The percentages of Ki-67 labeled cells in patients with or without metastasis showed a significant difference (p = 0.011). VEGF also showed a significant difference between the live and death groups (p < 0.05) and also among the differentiation group (p < 0.05). A statistically significant correlation was also seen between the score of Ki-67 and VEGF (r = 0.438, p < 0.001) or the score of Ki-67 and PD-ECGF (r = 0.259, p < 0.001), respectively. In conclusion, the present study suggests that a correlation exists between proliferating and angiogenesis, and VEGF and Ki-67 are thus considered to be possible prognostic discriminators in hypopharyngeal carcinoma.     

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae in a tertiary care hospital in Trinidad and Tobago

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) mediated resistance to third generation cephalosporins, amongst the family Enterobacteriaceae, is emerging worldwide. This is the Caribbean's first survey on ESBL production, and was conducted during two six-month periods in 1998 and 2001, in a tertiary health institution in Trinidad and Tobago. Consecutive ampicillin resistant isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae from in-patients were screened for resistance to third generation cephalosporins, and for ESBL production. The proportion of isolates found to be ESBL producers was similar in both samples (40 of 560 and 23 of 361). Overall, ESBL production was more frequent in enterobacter, citrobacter and proteus (and related organisms) than in Klebsiella and Escherichia (11.2% and 4.6%, respectively, p < 0.001). In the 1998 sample, this proportion (9.8% versus 5.8%) was significant (p < 0.05), but the difference was more marked in the 2001 sample (13.6% versus 2.9%, p < 0.001). Continued distribution of these resistant bacterial strains is of concern. In the Caribbean region, more laboratory surveillance and increased infection control vigilance are recommended, with focus on specific genera in the family.