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1.
目的:了解南宁市献血人群中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染情况及 HIV 感染合并乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)以及梅毒螺旋体(TP)感染的情况。方法用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法对南宁市2011年1月至2012年12月230636例献血者血液标本进行乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、抗-HCV、抗-HIV 及 TP 检测,并将抗-HIV 反应标本送南宁市疾病预防控制中心(CDC)做确证实验;统计分析抗-HIV 确证阳性献血者合并感染 HBV、HCV 和 TP 的情况。结果230636例无偿献血者标本中抗-HIV 确证阳性标本95例,HIV 感染率为0.041%;95例抗-HIV 确证阳性标本中合并 HBV 感染1例(1.05%),合并 HCV 感染6例(6.32%),合并 TP 感染20例(21.05%)。结论南宁市无偿献血人群中的 HIV 感染率远高于国内其他一些地区;抗-HIV 阳性献血者的 HCV、TP 感染率明显高于抗-HIV 阴性献血者,合并 HBV 的感染率则无显著性差异。  相似文献   

2.
目的:了解济南市无偿献血者抗-HCV流行情况.确定低危献血群体,为安全输血提供保障。方法:选择2002~2004年济南市无偿献血者163854人,应用ELISA法检测其抗-HCV。统计学方法采用χ^2检验。结果:济南市无偿献血者抗-HCV阳性率0.52%(847/163854),2002~2004年阳性率分别为0.75%、0.43%、0.36%.(χ^2=94.08,P〈0.001);男性阳性率为0.37%、女性阳性率为0.35%,差异无显著性(χ^2=0.17,P〉0.05);初次献血者阳性率为0.53%,多次献血者阳性率为0.27%,差异有显著性(χ^2=23.45,P〈0.001);18~30岁、31~40岁、41~55岁不同年龄段阳性率分别为0.37%、0.39%、0.23%,差异无显著性(χ^2=2.93,P〉0.05);不同职业间(学生、现役军人和其他职业)阳性率分别为0.33%、0.41%,差异有显著性(χ^2=3.85,P〈0.05)。结论:多次献血者或学生、现役军人是安全输血的低危人群.应作为主要选择对象。  相似文献   

3.
血源转换前后招募的有偿和无偿献血人群风险评估   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 探讨不同时期招募的献血人群传播输血性感染(transfusion-transmitted infections,TTIs)的风险。方法 以血液筛查合格率和血清感染标志物(infectious disease markers.IDMs)HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV和梅毒的检出率作为评价依据。结果 招募的献血人群血液筛查合格率依次为早期有偿人群82.6%、早期无偿人群89.4%、定期有偿人群93.5%和近期无偿人群94.8%,人均年献血小板2.80:者抗-HCV血清阳性率为0.110%、HBsAg为0.057%、梅毒为0.038%,未有HIV感染者的定期无偿机采人群。结论 招募的定期无偿机采人群显示出低IDMs水平的特征,属于低风险人群。  相似文献   

4.
目的:了解柳州市无偿献血者 HIV 感染流行病学特征,为采供血机构献血招募提供依据,降低输血传播 HIV 的风险。方法对2008~2012年无偿献血者 HIV 感染进行流行病学调查,分析其感染特征。结果柳州市无偿献血者 HIV 感染不同年份间差异无统计学意义(P >0.05);5年间男女性别、不同年龄段、已婚与未婚间差异有统计学意义(P <0.01);其中初中以下学历占52.94%;56.21%的感染者为性传播。结论柳州市无偿献血者 HIV 感染以青壮年男性、初中以下文化人员为主,并以异性性传播为主。在献血者招募工作中要有针对性排除有高危行为的人群献血,尽量在低危人群中采集血液。  相似文献   

5.
目的了解再次或多次献血者HBsAg、梅毒感染状况。方法HBsAg、梅毒抗体初筛采用金标法HBsAg复检采用ELISA法,梅毒复检分别采用TRUST和ELISA法。结果2971名再次或多次献血者HBsAg、梅毒抗体初筛阳性率分别为0.10%和0.17%;与首次献血者比较,HBsAg阳性率的差异有统计学意义(P〈0.001),梅毒抗体阳性率的差别亦有统计学意义(P〈0.01);初筛合格再次或多次献血者中.HBsAg、梅毒抗体复检阳性率分别为0.03%和0。结论对献血间隔时间在2年之内的再次或多次献血者,进行HBsAg、梅毒抗体初筛意义不大。  相似文献   

6.
目的 探讨既往有偿献血员中艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和非感染者的丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)及梅毒螺旋体感染的特点。方法 92份HIV阳性献血者及63例HIV阴性献血者的血清,经酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测HCV抗体、HBV血清学标志物及快速血浆反应素试验测梅毒螺旋体抗体,比较两组人群的HCV、HBV及梅毒螺旋体的感染情况。结果 155名有偿献血者的梅毒螺旋体抗体均阴性;92例HIV阳性献血者的HCV阳性率为96.74%,乙肝表面抗原、乙肝表面抗体、乙肝e抗原、乙肝e抗体、乙肝核心抗体和HBV的阳性率分别为2.17%、51.09%、2.17%、3.26%、16.30%和16.30%;63例HIV阴性献血者的HCV阳性率为66.67%,乙肝表面抗原、乙肝表面抗体、乙肝e抗原、乙肝e抗体、乙肝核心抗体和HBV的阳性率分别为4.76%、33.33%、3.23%、7.94%、12.70%和17.46%;经统计学分析,两组人群的HCV感染率的差异有极显著的统计学意义,HBV血清学标志物除乙肝表面抗体的阳性率有较显著的差异外其余均无显著性差异。结论 有偿献血者中HCV感染率较高,HIV/HCV混合感染率更高,存在地区差异。  相似文献   

7.
新疆地区献血者HGV和TTV感染的流行病学分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:研究分析庚型肝炎病毒(HV)和输血传播病毒(TTV)在新疆地区献血中的感染状况,方法:采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测抗-HGV IgG、逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术检测HGV RNA,聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术检测TTV RNA,对1997年维吾尔族献血和321名汉族献血的血清标本进行了检测分析。结果:518名研究对象中抗-HBV IgG的阳性检险率为6.5%(34/518)。维吾尔族和汉族血抗-HBV IgG阳性率分别为11.2%(22/197)和3.7%(12/321),X^2=10.9,P<0.005,维吾尔族有偿献血,无偿献血抗-HBV IgG阳性率分别为13.5%(21/156)、2.4%(1/41),X^2=4.0,P<0.05;汉族有偿献血、无偿献血抗-HGV IgG阳性率分别为7.5%(8/106)和1.9%(4/215),X^2=6.4,P<0.05,维吾尔族和汉族抗-HGV阳性献血HGV RNA阳性率分别为77.3%(17/22)和66.7%(8/12),X^2=0.5,P>0.05。维吾尔族和汉族献血TTV DNA阳性率分别为25.7%(9/35)和13.0%(6/46),X^2=2.1,P>0.05,抗-HGV阳性和阴性献血中TTV DNA阳性率分别为35.3%(12/34)和14.0%(7/50),X^2=5.2,P<0.05。结论:新疆地区存在HGV和TTV感染,有偿献血为HGV感染的高危人群,抗-HGV阳性献血有更高的TTV DNA检出率,这种重叠感染的机制有待进一步研究分析。  相似文献   

8.
目的:了解湖北省襄樊市中医医院2006-01/2008-12输血患者输血前的血液感染标志物乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、梅毒的情况。方法:检测2805例输血前患者的4项血液标志物参数(乙肝三系、抗HCV、抗HIV、梅毒抗体),并进行统计分析。结果:血源性疾病标志物总阳性率67.66%,而除去乙型肝炎表面抗体(抗HBs)单项阳性33.05%后,尚有34.61%的感染者;乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性合并其他标志物阳性397例(14.15%);抗HCV阳性63例(2.25%);梅毒阳性45例(1.60%);抗HIV阳性并经市疾病预防控制中心确认4例(0.14%)。结论:强化检测有利于减少医疗纠纷,并加强医务人员防护意识。  相似文献   

9.
目的:对街头献血者献血前进行丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)初筛的效果进行评价。方法对盐城市中心血站2012年7~12月经干式生化分析仪ALT初筛合格的献血者34526人的血液复检结果进行统计,并与未实施ALT初筛的2011年和2010年同期血液复检结果进行梅毒(TP)、乙型肝炎(HBV)、丙型肝炎(HCV)、艾滋病(HIV)等疾病检出率对比分析。结果献血者献血前经ALT干式生化法初筛后,其ALT不合格率从2010年的2.28%、2011年的2.29%下降到2012年的1.26%,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);HBV检测不合格率从2010年的0.21%、2011年的0.24%下降到2012年的0.17%,其中2010年与2012年差异无统计学意义(P<0.05),2011年与2012年差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HCV检测不合格率从2010年的0.15%、2011年的0.12%下降到2012年的0.07%,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论献血者在献血前经过ALT干化学法初筛会大大降低因单纯ALT升高导致的血液报废,同时通过ALT的初筛也会不同程度地降低HBV、HCV检测不合格血液报废率。ALT干式生化法对献血者献血前进行初筛是可行的,适合于献血前的初筛应用和推广,这对节约宝贵血液资源,减少检测成本支出,进一步保障临床血液供应都具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   

10.
目的了解儿童患者输血前相关传染性指标的状况,预防因临床输血引起的医疗纠纷和提高医务工作者的自身保护意识。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验技术(ELISA)对5293例儿童患者进行输血前乙肝病毒(HBV)标志物、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体以及丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体检测;采用甲苯胺红不加热血清反应素实验对梅毒抗体进行检测。结果5293例儿童患者输血前HBsAg阳性率为o.78%;抗-HBs阳性率为54.68%;HBeAg阳性率为0.45%;抗-HBe阳性率为0.23%;抗-HBc阳性率为0.57%;HIV抗体阳性率为0.04%;梅毒抗体阳性率为0.68%。临床调查发现,梅毒抗体和HIV抗体阳性均由垂直传播引起。结论儿童患者相关输血传染性指标阳性率均低于一般人群,对其进行输血前相关传染性指标的检测,有利于患儿传染病的早期诊治,避免和预防医院感染以及减少医疗纠纷。  相似文献   

11.
Transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) have been a public health challenge for the accessibility, quality and safety of blood transfusion. The present study aimed to consider the prevalence and the trends of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis across the ten years among retrospective blood donors. A retrospective investigation of blood donors’ data covering the period from 22 May 2009 to 22 May 2019 was done. Data was accumulated and analyzed from Blood Transfusion Center records, pertaining to all donors who were screened for various TTIs using respective immunological techniques. Out of the 682,171 screened donors in the 2009–2019 study period, 2470 (0.36 %) were infected with at least one infectious agent. The overall prevalence of HBV, HCV, HTLV-1, HIV and syphilis were 1700 (0.25 %), 184 (0.027 %), 335 (0.05 %), 4 (0.0.05 %) and 247 (0.036 %), respectively. The study showed male dominated donor pool (96.79 %) with higher prevalence (0.34 %) of TTIs compared to female donors (0.02 %) with 3.21 % population. Despite the low prevalence of TTIs in our study, HBV, HCV, syphilis and HIV have remained a big threat to safe blood transfusion in Iran. Strict adherence to selection criteria, algorithm of donor screening, use of highly sensitive and specific methods for detection of TTIs, regular consultation and health education programs, prevention and sanitization strategies to reduce the risk of TTIs are recommended to reduce the risk of TTIs and ensure the safety of blood transfusion for recipient.  相似文献   

12.
目的了解河南省驻马店市艾滋病病毒(HIV)单阳家庭阴性配偶HIV、病毒性乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)、病毒性丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)及梅毒感染现状及合并感染现状。 方法采用普查方法,对河南省驻马店市HIV单阳家庭阴性配偶进行血清流行病学调查,采集阴性配偶的血标本,检测其HIV、HBV、HCV及梅毒感染状况。结果本次调查共采集HIV单阳家庭中HIV抗体阴性配偶血样3619份,经检测HIV抗体阳性49例,HIV感染率为1.35%,抗-HCV感染率为31.20%,且随着年龄的增加而逐步升高(趋势2=-3.78,P0.01)、梅毒感染率为0.17%,但女性感染率高于男性(2=0.0061,P0.01)、乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)感染率为5.40%、乙肝大三阳[HBsAg、乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)]阳性率为0.77%,乙肝小三阳(HBsAg、抗-Hbe、抗-HBc)阳性率为2.93%。HBsAg/HCV合并感染率最高为1.22%。HIV阳性者中,合并感染人数占的63.27%。结论驻马店市HIV单阳家庭阴性配偶的HIV感染率较高,已成为HIV感染的高危人群之一,4种传染病存在混合感染现象,建议加强对该人群的随访,定期检测HIV、HBV、HCV及梅毒,以控制4种传染病家庭内经性传播。  相似文献   

13.
Blood safety remains an issue of major concern in transfusion medicine in developing countries where national blood transfusion services and policies, appropriate infrastructure, trained personnel and financial resources are lacking. This is aggravated by the predominance of family and replacement, rather than regular benevolent, nonremunerated donors. Thus, in order to identify and encourage healthy, regular and benevolent nonremunerated donors, consenting first-time blood donors in the Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital were screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human T-cell lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I) and syphilis using standard methods. Of 252 first-time donors recruited, 66 (26.2%) were positive for at least one of the infections screened. There were 7.9% positive for HIV, 10.7% for HBSAg, 4.8% for HCV and 9.1 and 1.6%, respectively, for syphilis and HTLV-I. About 30% of the 66 infected persons had co-infections. HIV-positive donors had a significantly increased risk of being positive for antibodies to syphilis (OR = 7.27; 95% CI = 2.23-23.51; P = 0.0007), not observed for HBV, HCV and HTLV-I. These results suggest that blood transfusion is still very unsafe in this community and that it is imperative that emphasis be laid on donor education. Furthermore, donors with a history of sexually transmitted infections should be totally excluded from all donations.  相似文献   

14.
目的:了解高龄初产妇前置胎盘的发生率、高危因素及妊娠结局。方法以医院为基础收集资料,共纳入1065人为研究对象。用χ2检验分析比较高龄初产妇在人口学资料、妊娠分娩因素及妊娠并发症等条件下前置胎盘的发生率,用多因素Logistic回归模型分析前置胎盘的高危因素及不良结局。结果所有1065名高龄初产妇中,905人(85.0%)未发生产后出血,160人(15.0%)发生产后出血。160名产后出血的高龄初产妇中,13人(8.13%)发生前置胎盘;950名未产后出血的高龄初产妇中,12人(1.33%)发生前置胎盘。所有高龄初产妇中,前置胎盘发生率在是否产后出血、是否宫缩乏力者间的比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为24.53,12.10;P<0.05),在其他妊娠并发症中前置胎盘的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。在所有高龄初产妇中,未发现人口学及妊娠产前相关因素,前置胎盘的不良结局为早产(AOR:3.26,95%CI:1.43∽7.44)、产后出血(AOR:5.38,95%CI:2.37∽12.23);在产后出血的高龄初产妇中,前置胎盘的不良结局为早产(AOR:6.28,95%CI:1.65∽23.82)。结论高龄初产妇是前置胎盘的高危人群,应尽快确认不良结局,以便及早采取应对措施。  相似文献   

15.
BACKGROUND: Estimating the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) is essential for monitoring blood safety. The residual risk of TTI was estimated for nearly 90 percent of the blood supply in Italy. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were analyzed from 1,079,281 repeat donors, corresponding to 5,361,000 donations made in blood transfusion centers throughout Italy in the period 1999 through 2001. The residual risk of transfusion-transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections was estimated with the incidence rate-window period model. The denominator for the incidence rate (i.e., the number of person-years at risk) was estimated on a sample of 5850 donors. RESULTS: The risk of an infectious donation entering the blood supply, per 1 million donations, was 1.91 (probable range, 0.52-3.32) for HIV, 16.74 (9.57-24.01) for HCV, and 69.16 (43.12-102.70) for total HBV (adjusted for vaccination and hepatitis B surface antigen transience). CONCLUSION: In Italy, the estimated residual risk of TTI is apparently low, particularly for HIV infection. Although the estimated risks are higher for HCV and HBV, the introduction of mandatory viral detection tests for HCV in 2002 should account for an 80 percent reduction in the HCV risk. Moreover, the ongoing HBV vaccination program will contribute to reducing the risk of transfusion-transmitted HBV.  相似文献   

16.
目的通过Meta分析探讨中国人群糖尿病足相关危险因素。方法计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、Pubmed、EMbase、中国生物医学文献检索数据库(CBM)和万方科技期刊全文数据库等数据库,并手工检索相关文献,检索关于中国人群糖尿病足相关危险因素的病例-对照研究,检索时限均从建库至2013年12月。由两名评价者根据纳入、排除标准独立选择文献、提取资料、评价质量后采用RevMan5.0软件进行Meta分析,用固定效应模型或随机效应模型合并比值比(OR)值及95%可信区间(CI)分析各个相关危险因素,采用敏感性分析评估结果的稳定性,用漏斗图评估文献的发表偏倚。结果共纳入15篇文献,Meta分析结果显示影响糖尿病足发生的重要危险因素有年龄(OR=7.51,95%CI:6.74~8.28)、病程(OR=3.34,95%CI:2.96~3.72)、体重指数(BMI)(OR=-0.53,95%CI:-0.80~-0.26)、收缩压(OR=9.84,95%CI:8.08~11.60)、舒张压(OR=1.03,95%CI:0.03~2.03)、空腹血糖(FPG)(OR=1.48,95%CI:1.19~1.77)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)(OR=2.15,95%CI:1.71~2.59)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.03~1.88)、血清总胆固醇(TC)(OR=-0.31,95%CI:-0.42~-0.19)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)(OR=-0.07,95%CI:-0.10~-0.03),差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);而甘油三酯(TG)(OR=-0.06,95%CI:-0.16~0.04)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)(OR=-0.05,95%CI:-0.21~0.11)对糖尿病足的发病与否无明显影响(P0.05)。结论初步确定年龄、病程、BMI、收缩压、舒张压、FPG、2 hPG、HbA1c、TC、HDL-C是影响糖尿病足发生的重要危险因素,为临床上糖尿病足发生的早期防预提供依据。  相似文献   

17.
目的 探讨癌症患者的手术备血策略和影响手术用血的危险因素.方法 选择2012年1月至2014年1月,于东营鸿港医院择期手术的1 520例癌症患者的备血申请资料和550例癌症手术患者的用血资料为研究对象.回顾性分析癌症患者不同手术部位红细胞(RBC)和血浆的备血及用血情况,制定本院癌症手术患者的备血策略,并采用单因素分析及多因素非条件logistic回归分析,考察影响手术用血的危险因素.结果 本组癌症患者的手术输血率为36.2%(550/1 520).多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,癌症患者手术前的红细胞比容(Hct)(OR=2.301,95%CI:1.093~4.844,P=0.028),血红蛋白(Hb)水平(OR=3.012,95%CI:1.203~7.541,P=0.019),血小板(PLT)计数(OR=1.782,95%CI:1.194~2.660,P=0.005),凝血酶原时间(PT) (OR=1.993,95%CI:1.002~3.887,P=0-042)及白蛋白(ALB)水平(OR=2.942,95%CI:1.101~7.861,P=0.031)是影响患者手术中输注RBC的危险因素;癌症患者手术前的Hct(OR=1.612,95%CI:1.189~2.185,P=0.002),Hb浓度(OR=1.321,95%CI:1.634~1.068,P=0.010),部分活化凝血酶原时间(APTT) (OR=2.911,95%CI:1.191~7.115,P=0.019),ALB水平(OR=2.212,95%CI:1.231~3.975,P=0.008),PT(OR=1.593,95%CI:1.229~2.065,P=0.004)及总蛋白(TP)水平(OR=1.193,95%CI:1.329~1.071,P=0.001)是影响患者手术中输注血浆的危险因素.结论 癌症患者手术备血,应充分考虑患者的个体情况,合理进行备血申请,输血应严格把握输血适应证,保证用血的科学性和安全性.  相似文献   

18.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effectiveness of blood donor selection, this study reports risk profiles of donors with transfusion-transmissible infections as obtained by ongoing surveillance, 1995 through 2003, in the Netherlands. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A surveillance program was installed to monitor risk profiles among new and repeat donors infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), or human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), or positive for the presence of syphilis antibodies. At posttest counseling, a physician interviewed donors to clarify possible sources of infection. RESULTS: A total of 167 repeat donors and 404 new donors were interviewed: 33 with HIV, 123 with HCV, 279 with HBV, 21 with HTLV, and 112 with syphilis antibodies. Most HBV, HCV, and HTLV infections were among new donors (80, 85, and 67%), whereas most HIV infections were among repeat donors (79%). Nearly 25 percent of the donors did not report factors at screening that would have deferred them from donating blood. At posttest interviews, new donors with HCV often reported injecting drug use (19%). Repeat donors with HIV often reported male-to-male sex (8/26, 31%). CONCLUSION: A significant level of deferrable behavioral risks was found among donors with confirmed transfusion-transmissible infections that persist despite current donor selection. Reporting such behavior at initial donor selection would have eliminated a substantial part of the infections found. This study argues against relaxing the existing donor deferral of persons practicing male-to-male sex, given their significant proportion of HIV infections among repeat donors. Systematic surveillance of risk factors among infected blood donors provides ongoing information about the effectivity of donor selection and is recommended to evaluate and optimize blood policies.  相似文献   

19.
BACKGROUND: Serologic screening for syphilis has been justified in part as a surrogate marker for infections caused by other pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study assessed the current surrogate value of the test.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Testing results for blood donors with the American Red Cross Blood Services between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2007, were analyzed. All donations were tested according to standard procedures for markers of HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), syphilis, and other infections. The frequency of window-period (w-p) infections interdicted by syphilis testing was estimated.
RESULTS: There were significantly higher frequencies of HIV, HCV, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and HTLV confirmed-positive donations among those with positive syphilis test results, although the sensitivity of syphilis test positivity in these groups was low. Among more than 3 million repeat donors with complete testing through reactive donation confirmation for both syphilis and HIV (anti-HIV and HIV RNA), 225 seroconverted for syphilis but not for anti-HIV or HIV RNA and 83 converted for HIV (anti-HIV or HIV RNA) but not for syphilis, with only 1 who converted for both syphilis and HIV, resulting in an incidence ratio of 150 (95% confidence interval, 21-1080) and a sensitivity of 1.2 percent. No syphilis seroconverters converted for HCV, HBsAg, or anti-HTLV.
CONCLUSION: Syphilis testing presents no surrogate value for incident HCV, HBV, and HTLV infections and could only remove approximately 1 HIV w-p unit of every 148 million donations.  相似文献   

20.
胥加耕  梅志锋 《国际检验医学杂志》2013,34(23):3182-3183,3185
目的调查了解盐城市盐都区外来务工人员中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、梅毒螺旋体(TP)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)和乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染状况,为在这类人群中开展相关传染病预防控制提供依据。方法采用ELISA法分别检测外来务工人员血清中HIV(1+2)抗体、TP抗体、HCV抗体和HBsAg;HIV抗体阳性者按技术规范进行复检和确证;TP抗体阳性者用梅毒螺旋体抗体明胶颗粒凝集试验(TPPA)进行复检,确认阳性者再作梅毒快速血浆反应素试验(RPR);HCV抗体阳性者使用另一厂家试剂复检;HBsAg阳性者作乙肝五项血清标志物检测。结果共检测外来务工人员标本442例,发现HIV感染3例(0.68%)、TP感染10例(2.26%)、HCV感染1例(0.23%)、HBsAg阳性39例(8.82%),其中HIV和HCV合并感染、TP和HBV合并感染各1例。TP感染者中RPR阳性6例(60.00%),滴度1∶1-1∶4;HBsAg阳性者中出现6种乙肝"两对半"模式,其中以HBsAg、抗HBe、抗HBc阳性为主[66.67%(26/39)]。结论盐都区外来务工人员中HIV、HBV、TP感染率均较高,应加大这类人群的监测和干预力度,有效控制相关传染病在人群中的流行。  相似文献   

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