一起出疹性传染病暴发调查分析

<正>2000年4月22日～5月14日,本市大竹乡小学发生原因不明的出疹性传染病暴发流行,我们对所有病例进行流行病学调查,结果报告如下。1 材料和方法 对在校的所有出疹病人按照统一设计的调查表进行回顾性调查,内容有一般情况、免疫情况、临床表现。按照1990年卫生部《规定管理的传染病诊断标准》诊断。采集44份病人血清(出疹后5天内),送省卫生防疫站用ELISA法测定麻疹IgM特异性抗体及风疹IgM特异性抗体。     

l起风疹暴发的调查分析

20 0 2年 4月 8日～ 5月 16日 ,中铁二局五处德阳子弟小学发生 1起风疹暴发 ,发病 5 5例。现分析报告如下。1　调查对象与方法1 1　调查对象　中铁二局五处德阳子弟学校全体学生。1 2　流行病学调查　对所有疑似风疹病例采用统一的调查表格 ,进行个案调查。1 3　实验室检查　采集患者血清送四川省卫生防疫站用ELISA法检测风疹IgM抗体、麻疹IgM抗体。1 4　风疹病例诊断标准　依据GB170 0 9- 1997《风疹诊断标准及处理原则》诊断。2　结果2 1　流行强度　本次风疹暴发首例患者为该校 1年级 1班学生马某 ,男 ,7岁 ,2 0 0 2年 4月 8日 ,因…     

获嘉县某小学风疹暴发调查分析

目的调查获嘉县大辛庄某小学发生出疹性疾病暴发情况,为进一步防治提供依据。方法对每例出疹性病例进行流行病学调查,采集静脉血检测风疹抗体。结果获嘉县某小学共有学生255人,发病23人,罹患率9.02%;采集静脉血14份进行风疹抗体检测,阳性11份,阳性率78.57%。结论风疹与麻疹病毒感染症状不易区分,必须依据实验室诊断。接种风疹疫苗是预防风疹的行之有效的办法。     

某军校一起风疹暴发的流行病学调查

2009年3月23日-5月11日,某军校暴发一批急性出疹性传染病患者。经过流行病学调查和实验室血清学检测,证实为一起风疹暴发流行。现将调查情况报告如下。     

一起风疹流行调查报告

20 0 3年 6月 8日～ 1 3日 ,孝南区西河镇道店小学发生多例发热出疹病例 ,经流行病学调查和实验室检测 ,证实为一起风疹流行 ,现将调查结果报告如下。1　内容与方法1 .1　流行病学调查　按照流行病学调查要求对患者逐一进行个案调查 ,调查内容包括发病时间、地点、性别、年龄、临床表现、免疫史等。1 .2　实验室检查　采集患者血液标本 ,采用 EL ISA法进行麻疹和风疹 Ig M抗体检查 ,根据标准判定结果。2　调查结果2 .1　发病时间和地点　本次发病患者共 1 2例 ,其中 4 0 2班1 0例 ,占 83.33% ;30 2班 1例 ,占 8.33% ;5 0 2班 1例 ,占8.33…     

一次学校风疹暴发的调查和控制效果分析

20 0 0年 4月 ,潮阳市大寮村小学发生发热、发疹性疾病暴发 ,两周时间有近 4 0名学生发病 (报告疫情时 )。为明确诊断 ,及时控制疫情 ,我们开展了现场流行病学调查 ,同时采血进行血清学检测。结果确定这是一次风疹流行 ,立即组织开展风疹疫苗应急免疫。现将本次调查结果及风疹疫苗应急免疫效果报告如下。1　流行病学调查资料大寮村为潮阳市某镇的一个独立村庄 ,全村136 2人 ,1所小学 ,分 7个年级 (包括学前班 ) ,每年级 1个班 ,在校学生 30 1人。 2 0 0 0年 3月 30日 ,学前班一女学生 (6岁 )出现发热、出疹 ,因症状轻 ,未被引起注意 ,4月 8…     

一起学校风疹暴发疫情流行病学分析

风疹是由风疹病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病,以发热、出疹和枕后淋巴结肿大为特征.2011年3月17日-4月28日,辽宁省辽阳市某高级中学暴发了一起发热出疹性疾病,辽阳市疾病预防控制中心工作人员根据临床表现、实验室检测及流行病学调查证实是一起风疹暴发流行,现将结果报告如下.     

将乐县水南小学一起出疹性疾病流行调查

福建省于 1998— 2 0 0 1年连续 4年对 1985— 1998年出生儿童进行麻疹疫苗强化免疫 ,控制麻疹流行取得显著效果 ,但在一些中小学仍有局部麻疹暴发流行 ,2 0 0 0年 4月 2日至 5月 17日将乐县水南小学发生一起出疹性疾病的流行 ,经过调查是一起风疹和麻疹的混合流行。1材料与方法1 1资料来源监测资料来自福建省麻疹监测系统 ,人口等资料来自当地实际掌握的统计数据 ,有关流行的资料来源于现场调查。1 2检测方法血清和尿液标本采用抗体捕捉酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)检测风疹和麻疹IgM。2结果2 1一般情况将乐县水南小学位于县城水南二管区 …     

铜梁县1起风疹暴发调查

铜梁县某小学的幼儿班出现发热、出疹性疾病，根据临床症状及流行病学调查证实是1起风疹暴发。     

连云港市1起风疹暴发的调查分析

2008年3月5-11日，连云港市海州区某小学发生1起发热、出疹性疾病，经流行病学调查和实验室检测，确定为1起风疹暴发，现报告如下。     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.