氧化电位水制备工艺条件的考察

目的:考察酸性氧化电位水的制备条件。方法:分别考察了氯化钠浓度、电流密度和工作时间等工艺条件对氧化电位水(EOW)理化性能的影响。结果:在氯化钠浓度为0.20～0.65g.L-1,电流密度在200～400A.m-2范围内,氯化钠浓度越高、电流密度越大,EOW的pH越低,氧化还原电位(ORP)越高,有效氯含量越大。结论:其最优条件为,氯化钠的浓度为0.40～0.60g.L-1,电流密度为300～350A.m-2。另外,工作时间对EOW的pH、ORP值影响不大,但对有效氯含量影响较大,其随着工作时间的增长而下降。这是因为电解过程中,气体吸附在电极表面,造成氯在电极上电解效率下降。     

酸性氧化电位水结合泡沫敷料在难愈合性创面中的应用

<正>酸性氧化电位水即酸化水,是一种有效氯浓度为50~70mg/L,p H值在2.0~3.0,氧化还原电位≥1 100 m V,具有氧化还原能力的水。其杀菌机制是使微生物细胞膜的通透性增加和细胞代谢酶受到破坏,进而杀灭微生物,其杀菌能力与氧化点位及p H值密切相关[1]。酸性氧化电位水在医院通常应用于内窥镜的消毒(如胃镜、口腔器械等),创口、创面的消毒等。本院外科大楼安装有中心酸性氧化电位水发生装置(由     

正交设计优选酸性氧化电位水工艺条件

目的:优选出酸性氧化电位水的生产工艺.方法:采用正交试验设计系统考察氯化钠浓度、饮用水进水量及出水比例(酸:碱)3个因素对酸性氧化电位水pH值、ORP值与有效氯含量的影响.结果:酸性氧化电位水的最优工艺是:氯化钠浓度0.95%、进水量4.5 L·min-1、出水比例(酸:碱)1:1.制备的酸性氧化电位水pH＜2.55;ORP＞1 170;有效氯含量在50～70 mg·L-1.结论:该工艺可作为酸性氧化电位水生产工艺的参考.     

酸性氧化电位水用于内镜消毒的临床效果观察

目的：探讨酸性氧化电位水和2%戊二醛溶液对内镜进行消毒,并评价其临床效果。方法：回顾性分析本院临床污染的48条内镜,分别采用酸性氧化电位水（24条）和2%戊二醛溶液浸泡（24条）的方法消毒,观察对胃镜表面和内腔的消毒效果。结果：酸性氧化电位水对内镜的消毒效果良好,灭菌率为100%。结论：强效戊二醛溶液属于高效消毒剂,具有杀菌谱广,对金属腐蚀性小等特点,目前有些人正在积极寻找其替代品用于内镜和其他医疗器械的消毒。酸性氧化电位水对内镜的消毒效果肯定、消毒时间短、对人体无损害,值得推广应用。     

（酸性）氧化还原电位水对游泳池水消毒效果评价

目的利用（酸性）氧化还原电位水对游泳池水消毒进行评价。方法采用细菌总数测定法对游泳池末端水的消毒进行评价。结果 （酸性）氧化还原电位水对泳池消毒前的末端水进行杀菌实验,最佳杀菌时间条件为45min,最佳比例为1：0.3。结论 （酸性）氧化还原电位水在泳池绿色消毒实验初步说明,采用新兴绿色环保的消毒新技术,可以极大地提高泳池卫生水平,减少传播性疾病与化学消毒给人们带来的多重伤害。     

过氧化氢胶质银离子消毒剂临床使用液的稳定性考察及消毒效果试验

目的考察过氧化氢胶质银离子消毒剂临床使用液的稳定性,制定临床使用液的有效期。方法通过加速实验法和室温留样观察法考察过氧化氢胶质银离子消毒剂临床使用液的化学稳定性情况,并对其消毒效果进行了试验。结果表明过氧化氢胶质银离子消毒剂临床使用液(以纯化水按1∶10稀释)在考察周期内无颜色变化,无沉淀或悬浮物产生,其有效成份过氧化氢的含量下降率10%。在有效期内,对手皮肤和物体表面消毒效果试验显示有显著的消毒效果。结论可将过氧化氢胶质银离子消毒剂临床使用液的效期定为1年。     

pH值对聚四氨基酞菁铜膜电化学性质的影响

目的：研究了pH值对聚四氨基酞菁铜(p—CuTAPc)膜电化学性质的影响。方法：用循环伏安法在玻碳电极上制备了p—CuTAPc膜，并用循环伏安法对其在不同酸度下的氧化还原性质进行研究。结果：发现其氧化还原电位与pH值存在线性关系，斜率为-28mV／pH。结论：质子和氢氧根离子参与了氧化还原反应。     

酸性氧化电位水与戊二醛对胃镜消毒效果比较

目的通过检测酸性氧化电位水与2％戊二醛对胃镜消毒效果进行比较，寻找一种有效、快速、简便的消毒方法。方法临床污染的96条胃镜分为两组，分别采用2％戊二醛浸泡20min（对照组）、酸性氧化电位水浸泡5min（实验组）的方法消毒，比较2种消毒液对胃镜表面和内腔的消毒效果。结果2种消毒液对胃镜的消毒效果相同，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论酸性氧化电位水对胃镜的消毒效果肯定、消毒时间短、对人体无损害，值得推广应用。     

对市售84消毒液中有效氯含量的分析

目的:对市售的5个厂家的84消毒液中有效氯含量进行检测.方法:参照<消毒技术规范>对84消毒液中有效氯含量用氧化还原滴定法进行测定.结果:所检测不同厂家及批号的84消毒液中有效氯含量均达到或超过标示量.结论:目前市售的几种84消毒液有效氯含量均达标,质量合格.     

酸性氧化电位水联合烧伤湿润膏治疗浅Ⅱ度烧伤的疗效观察

2006-11/2008-12我科对10例烧伤患者采取酸性氧化电位水联合烧伤湿润膏治疗,效果满意,报告如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料将10例浅Ⅱ度烧伤患者分成2组,对照组4例,观察组6例。两组患者性别、年龄、病情、烧伤面积深度无明显差异。1.2治疗方法观察组:前3d,渗出期以酸性氧化电位水彻底清创待干后,局部涂烧伤湿润膏2次/d。第4天开始,用酸性氧化电位水彻底清创待干后,用酸性氧化电位水喷敷局部每日4～5次。对照组:采用常规方法,每日用生理盐水彻底清创待干后,局部涂烧伤湿润膏1次/d。观察两组治疗过程中疼痛程度及治愈时间。2结果见表1。表1两组治疗疼痛效果观察及治愈时间比较组别治疗第2天第3天第4天第5天第6天治愈时间(d)对照组疼痛剧烈较剧烈明显疼痛明显疼痛轻微疼痛18±2观察组稍有疼痛轻微疼痛轻微疼痛疼痛消失疼痛消失8±23讨论我院应用洲际资源公司生产的洲际资源酸性氧化电位水生成器,自产酸性氧化电位水,在用于烧伤外科疾病的治疗中,取得满意临床疗效。酸性氧化电位水是利用离子隔膜技术电解氯化钠在阳极得到的带高电位酸性水。具有高氧化还原电位(≥1150mW),低pH(2.3～2.6)的特性,此环境远离细菌生...     

Effects of process conditions on chlorine generation and storage stability of electrolyzed deep ocean water

Electrolyzed water is a sustainable disinfectant, which can comply with food safety regulations and is environmentally friendly. We investigated the effects of platinum plating of electrode, electrode size, cell potential, and additional stirring on electrolysis properties of deep ocean water (DOW) and DOW concentration products. We also studied the relationships between quality properties of electrolyzed DOW and their storage stability. Results indicated that concentrating DOW to 1.7 times increased chlorine level in the electrolyzed DOW without affecting electric and current efficiencies of the electrolysis process. Increasing magnesium and potassium levels in DOW decreased chlorine level in the electrolyzed DOW as well as electric and current efficiencies of the electrolysis process. Additional stirring could not increase electrolysis efficiency of small electrolyzer. Large electrode, high electric potential and/or small electrolyzing cell increased chlorine production rate but decreased electric and current efficiencies. High electrolysis intensity decreased storage stability of the electrolyzed seawater and the effects of electrolysis on DOW gradually subsided in storage. DOW has similar electrolysis properties to surface seawater, but its purity and stability are better. Therefore, electrolyzed DOW should have better potential for applications on postharvest cleaning and disinfection of ready-to-eat fresh produce.     

不同纯化技术对麦冬皂苷水提液物理化学性质的影响

摘 要 目的： 探讨不同纯化技术对麦冬总皂苷水提液物理化学性质的影响。方法: 采用正交试验优选麦冬总皂苷的水提工艺;采用大孔树脂吸附及膜分离等不同技术对麦冬皂苷水提液进行纯化,并测定其电导率、pH、黏度、浊度等理化参数及蛋白质、鞣质、多糖、总皂苷等物质的含量。结果: 麦冬总皂苷的最佳水提工艺条件为：每次加6倍量水,煎煮3次,每次90 min;麦冬总皂苷不同纯化液的电导率、pH、黏度无显著影响,但总皂苷及3种大分子物质含量有显著差异。结论:大分子物质的含量可作为考察麦冬总皂苷水提液纯化工艺的参考指标;膜分离技术比大孔树脂吸附更适用于麦冬总皂苷水提液的分离纯化。     

蛋黄卵磷脂和蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱的组成与结构分析

摘 要 目的： 在《中国药典》2015年版辅料质量标准工作中,对不同PC含量的蛋黄卵磷脂和蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱的组成与结构进行分析。方法: 对不同PC含量的蛋黄卵磷脂与蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱进行了多种指标的比较,主要包括皂化值、碘值、酸值、游离脂肪酸、残留溶剂、有关物质、水分、氮含量、磷含量、PC与PE含量、脂肪酸组成等的分析。结果:不同PC含量的蛋黄卵磷脂,其组成和含量具有差异,但是高PC含量的蛋黄卵磷脂（大于90％）与蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱的组成一致,含量相近。结论: 高PC含量的蛋黄卵磷脂（大于90％）应称为蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱更为合适。     

Stability of Dabigatran Etexilate in Manufacturer’s Blister Pack,Unit-Dose Packaging,and Community Pharmacy Blister Pack

Background:Dabigatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor, is indicated for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism and for stroke prophylaxis in atrial fibrillation. The manufacturer recommends that dabigatran etexilate be retained in the original packaging until administration. Currently, no information exists about the stability of dabigatran etexilate outside its original packaging.Objective:To evaluate the stability of dabigatran etexilate capsules over 120 days, with storage in the manufacturer’s original packaging, in unit-dose packaging, and in community pharmacy blister packaging.Methods:Commercially available dabigatran etexilate capsules (110 mg) were stored at room temperature (25°C) in the manufacturer’s original blister pack, in unit-dose packaging, or in community pharmacy blister packs. Samples were collected from each container daily for the first 3 days, weekly up to 28 days, every other week until day 98, and at day 120. Suspensions were prepared, pH was evaluated, and samples were stored at −85°C until analysis. Each sample was analyzed in duplicate by a validated, stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography – ultraviolet detection method. The capsules were considered stable if they maintained at least 90% of the initial concentration.Results:Dabigatran etexilate capsules maintained 100.4% of the original concentration with 120 days of storage in the manufacturer’s original blister pack, 98.7% with storage in unit-dose packaging, and 98.0% with storage in community pharmacy blister packs. There were no notable changes in appearance, ease of suspension of the capsule content, or pH over the 120-day period.Conclusion:Dabigatran etexilate 110-mg capsules were stable for 120 days with storage at room temperature in 3 types of packaging widely used in hospital and community settings.     

Detoxification of Aflatoxin-Contaminated Maize by Neutral Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water

Aflatoxins, a group of extremely toxic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus and A. nomius, can occur as natural contaminants of certain agricultural commodities, particularly maize. These toxins have been shown to be hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and cause severe human and animal diseases. The effectiveness of neutral electrolyzed oxidizing water (NEW) on aflatoxin detoxification was investigated in HepG2 cells using several validation methodologies such as the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, the induction of lipid peroxidation, the oxidative damage by means of glutathione modulation, the Ames test and the alkaline Comet assay. Our results showed that, after the aflatoxin-contaminated maize containing 360 ng/g was soaked in NEW (60 mg/L available chlorine, pH 7.01) during 15 min at room temperature, the aflatoxin content did not decrease as confirmed by the immunoaffinity column and ultra performance liquid chromatography methods. Aflatoxin fluorescence strength of detoxified samples was similar to untreated samples. However, aflatoxin-associated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effects were markedly reduced upon treatment. According to these results, NEW can be effectively used to detoxify aflatoxin-contaminated maize.     

酸性氧化电位水消毒法对麻醉喉镜镜片消毒效果的探讨

目的:比较酸性氧化电位水与常规消毒剂戊二醛、含氯制剂、过氧乙酸对麻醉喉镜镜片的消毒效果差异,了解酸性氧化电位水对麻醉喉镜镜片的消毒作用。方法:选择240例全麻手术患者使用后的麻醉喉镜镜片,分为2%戊二醛、1%过氧乙酸、1000mg/L含氯制剂、酸性氧化电位水(EOW)组4组,每组60例,按消毒时间的不同(3min,5min,7min)再分3组,每组20例,消毒后进行涂抹采样,细菌学检测;取结核杆菌、HBsAg阳性患者用后的麻醉喉镜镜片各20例,EOW3min消毒后涂抹采样,检测致病菌。按《内镜清洗消毒技术操作规范》要求对麻醉喉镜镜片清洗,采样,细菌菌落检测,致病菌检测,合格标准为细菌总数≤20cfu/件和没有检出致病菌。结果用SPSS软件分析,数据行χ2检验。结果:3minEOW组与其他三组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);5minEOW组与含氯制剂组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与2%戊二醛和1%过氧乙酸组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);7min EOW组与其他三组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。乙肝和结核患者组EOW消毒3min没有检出致病菌。结论:EOW用于麻醉喉镜镜片的消毒效果确切,具有高效性、速效性、环保性和广谱性,在临床值得推广。     

Effects of Moisture Content on the Storage Stability of Dried Lipoplex Formulations

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of moisture content on the storage stability of freeze-dried lipoplex formulations. DC-Cholesterol: DOPE (dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine)/plasmid DNA lipoplexes were prepared at a 3-to-2 DC-Cholesterol⁺ to DNA^? molar ratio and lyophilized prior to storing at room temperature, 40, and 60°C for 3 months. Different residual moistures (1.93%, 1.10%, 1.06%, and 0.36%) were obtained by altering the secondary drying temperatures. In addition to moisture content, lipoplex formulations were evaluated after freeze-drying and/ or storage for particle size, transfection efficiency, accumulation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glass transition temperature, DNA supercoil content, and surface area. Lipoplex formulations stored at room temperature for 3 months maintain TBARS concentrations and supercoil contents. At higher storage temperatures, formulations possessing the highest moisture content (1.93%) maintained significantly lower TBARS concentrations and higher supercoil content than those with the lowest (0.36%) moisture content. Curiously, the intermediate moisture contents exhibited marked differences in stability despite virtually identical moisture contents. Subsequent measurements of surface area indicated that the lower stability corresponded to higher surface area in the dried cake, suggesting that there may be an interplay between water content and surface area that contributes to storage stability.     

Effect of Spray Drying and Subsequent Processing Conditions on Residual Moisture Content and Physical/Biochemical Stability of Protein Inhalation Powders

Purpose. To understand the effect of spray drying and powder processing environments on the residual moisture content and aerosol performance of inhalation protein powders. Also, the long-term effect of storage conditions on the powder's physical and biochemical stability was presented. Methods. Excipient-free as well as mannitol-formulated powders of a humanized monoclonal antibody (anti-IgE) and recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase) were prepared using a Buchi 190 model spray dryer. Residual moisture content and moisture uptake behavior of the powder were measured using thermal gravimetric analysis and gravimetric moisture sorption isotherm, respectively. Protein aggregation, the primary degradation product observed upon storage, was determined by size-exclusion HPLC. Aerosol performance of the dry powders was evaluated after blending with lactose carriers using a multi-stage liquid impinger (MSLI). Results. Spray-dried powders with a moisture level (~ 3%) equivalent to the freeze-dried materials could only be achieved using high-temperature spray-drying conditions, which were not favorable to large-male manufacturing, or subsequent vacuum drying. These dry powders would equilibrate with the subsequent processing and storage environments regardless of the manufacturing condition. As long as the relative humidity of air during processing and storage was lower than 50%, powders maintained their aerosol performance (fine particle fraction). However, powders stored under drier conditions exhibited better long-term protein biochemical stability. Conclusions. Manufacturing, powder processing, and storage environments affected powder's residual moisture level in a reversible fashion. Therefore, the storage condition determined powder's overall stability, but residual moisture had a greater impact on protein chemical stability than on powder physical stability.     

环境湿度对硫酸氢氯吡格雷片溶出度的影响

目的 考察2种处方的硫酸氢氯吡格雷片在(75±5)%相对湿度(relative humidity,RH)条件下放置时长对溶出速率的影响,为药物溶出曲线检测异常数据的调查提供参考。方法 将硫酸氢氯吡格雷片处方1和处方2的样品装入密闭的样品盒中,置于饱和氯化钠溶液模拟的75%RH的环境中放置1,2,3 h后检测溶出曲线和水分,并与未经吸湿样品的溶出曲线进行非模型依赖相似因子比较。结果 处方1的样品在(75±5)%RH下放置2 h后即与0 h不相似,而处方2的样品放置4 h后仍然相似。处方1制剂在3 h内水分增长比处方2制剂快,并且在5 h内持续增长,而处方2制剂在2 h后水分增长即变缓。结论 处方1中的崩解剂比处方2多了交联聚维酮,含有交联聚维酮的处方对环境的湿度变化比较敏感,因此对于此类制剂不管是在保存还是检测都应该考虑环境湿度的影响。     

微包衣一元二氧化氯粉剂的实验研究

目的 研制适用于野战情况下的二氧化氯一元化固体剂型。方法 采用水溶性钝化剂对亚氯酸钠和酸性活化剂分别实施微包衣措施，生成一元化粉剂，该复合制剂溶于水时释放出有效二氧化氯，依据《消毒技术规范》观察该试剂的性能，并测试该剂型在饮水，餐具，环境以及杀灭生物战剂方面的作用。结果 微包衣一元二氧化氯粉剂的溶液对大肠杆菌，金黄色葡萄球菌，枯草杆菌黑色变种芽胞，炭疽杆菌芽胞以及HBsAg均有较高杀灭作用。用于饮水，餐具，环境消毒的二氧化氯溶液浓度分别是1mg/L,50mg/L和200mg/L，该剂型同时具有高稳定性，低腐蚀性以及无毒和低刺激性的特点，结论 微包衣一元二氧化氯粉剂保留了二氧化氯的优点，且携带，储存和应用方便，可以杀灭生物战剂，因此在野战条件下具有很大应用潜力。