异丙酚对兔脊髓缺血再灌注时脊髓前角神经细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨异丙酚对兔脊髓缺血再灌注时脊髓前角神经细胞凋亡的影响.方法 新西兰大耳白兔60只,月龄4～6月,体重2.0～2.5 kg,随机分为6组(n=10):对照组(C组)、10%脂肪乳组(F组)、异丙酚30 mg/kg(P1)组、异丙酚40 mg/kg(P2)组、异丙酚50 mg/kg(P3)组和异丙酚60 mg/kg(P4)组.P1组、P2组、P3组和P4组异丙酚用10%脂肪乳稀释至6 ml/kg,C组和F组给予等容量生理盐水或脂肪乳.全麻下开腹阻断左肾动脉远端的腹主动脉及双侧髂总动脉30 min进行脊髓缺血,自缺血即刻开始,各组以12 ml·kg-1·h-1的速率经股动脉输注生理盐水(C组)、10%脂肪乳(F组)和不同剂量异丙酚(P1～4组),30 min后停止输注,开放腹主动脉行再灌注.再灌注48 h时,取L4～6脊髓组织,光镜下计数脊髓前角正常运动神经细胞;采用TUNEL法计数脊髓前角总细胞和凋亡细胞,计算细胞凋亡指数;采用免疫组化法测定脊髓前角cagpase-3表达.结果 与C组和F组比较,P1～4组脊髓前角正常运动神经元计数升高,凋亡指数降低,caspase-3表达下调(P<0.05);与P1组比较,P2～4组脊髓前角正常运动神经元计数升高,凋亡指数降低,P3组和P4组cagpase-3表达下调(P<0.05);与P2组比较,P3组脊髓前角正常运动神经元计数升高,P4组降低,P3组和P4组凋亡指数降低,caspase-3表达下调(P<0.05);与P3组比较,P4组脊髓前角正常运动神经元计数降低,凋亡指数升高,cagpage-3表达上调(P<0.05).结论 腹主动脉阻断期间,经腹主动脉输注30～60 mg/kg异丙酚可抑制脊髓前角神经细胞凋亡,从而减轻兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤,且与剂量有关,其机制与下调脊髓cagpage-3表达有关.     

腹主动脉灌注不同剂量异丙酚对兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤的作用

目的研究腹主动脉灌注不同剂量异丙酚对兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤的作用。方法健康新西兰大耳白兔60只,随机分为6组（n=10）：生理盐水组（NS组）、10％脂肪乳组（P0组）、异丙酚30mg/kg组（P30组）、异丙酚40mg/kg组（P40组）、异丙酚50mg/kg组（P50组）、异丙酚60mg/kg组（P（60）组）。P30组、P40组、P50组以10％脂肪乳稀释异丙酚至6ml/kg,NS组和P0组分别给予等容量生理盐水或脂肪乳。采用左肾动脉远端阻断腹主动脉同时阻断左、右髂总动脉的方法建立脊髓缺血再灌注损伤模型。经股动脉置入导管,自缺血即刻开始向阻断部位远端以12 ml·kg^-1·h^-1的速率分别灌注上述溶液,观察血液动力学变化,30 min后开放血管行再灌注,并于动物清醒即刻、再灌注6、24、48 h按Tarlov标准进行神经行为学评分。再灌注48 h,全麻下取L（4～6）脊髓组织,光镜下观察脊髓前角病理学改变,并进行正常运动神经元计数。结果与NS组或P0组比较,P30组、P40组、P50组和P（60）组神经行为学评分及脊髓前角正常运动神经元计数升高,其中P50组最高（P＜0．05）;截瘫率降低,其中P50组最低（P＜0．05）;再灌注期间P30组、P40组、P50组和P（60）组MAP降低,其中P（60）组最低（P＜0．05）。结论缺血期间腹主动脉灌注异丙酚30～60 mg/kg可减轻兔脊髓缺血再灌注损伤,且与剂量有关,剂量为60 mg/kg时,可引起再灌注期间低血压。     

异丙酚对脊髓兴奋性氨基酸含量的影响

目的 观察异丙酚对兔缺血再灌注损伤脊髓的保护作用以及对兴奋性氨基酸(excitatory amino acid,EAA)的影响.方法 健康新西兰大白兔60只,雌雄各半,体重2.0～2.5 kg.采用左肾下腹主动脉阻断法建立脊髓缺血再灌注损伤模型,阻断开始即泵入灌注液6 mL/kg(不足部分均以10%脂肪乳补充),灌注速度12 mL/(kg·h),30 min后停止灌注,开放腹主动脉.根据灌注液的不同,随机分为生理盐水组(A组)、10%脂肪乳组(B组)、30 mg/kg异丙酚组(C组)、40 mg/kg异丙酚组(D组)、50 mg/Kg异丙酚组(E组)及60 mg/kg异丙酚组(F组),每组10只.分别记录麻醉清醒即刻、再灌注后6、24和48 h兔神经行为学评分;于再灌注后48 h取L4～6节段脊髓组织计数脊髓前角正常神经元;采用高效液相色谱法测定脊髓组织中EAA含量.结果 C、D、E、F组各时间点神经行为学评分明显优于A、B组(P＜0.05),E组评分最高(P＜0.05),A、B组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).C、D、E、F组脊髓前角正常神经元明显多于A、B组(P＜0.05),且E组多于C、D、F组(P＜0.05).A、B、C、D、E、F组脊髓组织EAA含量均明显高于正常值,其中A、B组最高(P＜0.05),但A、B组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);E组最低(P＜0.05).谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸含量均与脊髓前角正常神经元计数及再灌注后48 h神经行为学评分成负相关,相关系数分别为-0.613、-0.536、-0.874及0.813(P＜0.01).结论 异丙酚能降低缺血再灌注脊髓组织中EAA含量,减轻脊髓缺血再灌注损伤.     

丙泊酚对急性肾缺血再灌注过程脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用

目的　研究丙泊酚对家兔肾上腹主动脉阻断后肾脏脂质过氧化损伤的防治作用。方法　家兔 2 4只 ,随机等分为假手术组 (A组 )、缺血再灌注组 (B组 )和丙泊酚组 (C组 )。肾上腹主动脉阻断 30分钟再灌注 180分钟制成双侧急性肾缺血再灌注损伤 (ARIRI)动物模型。C组于阻断腹主动脉前静脉注射丙泊酚 5mg/kg ,继以微量泵持续输注 2 0mg·kg-1·h-1丙泊酚 15分钟 ,A、B组则以同样方法静注等容积生理盐水作对照。动态检测血中超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、丙二醛 (MDA)以及肾皮质中SOD、MDA的变化 ,并在电镜下观察肾组织形态学改变。结果　C组在再灌注期血和肾皮质中MDA浓度明显低于B组 (P <0 0 1) ,SOD活性显著高于B组 (P <0 0 1)。B组电镜见明显急性肾小管损伤及坏死 ,而C组肾小管损伤轻微。结论　丙泊酚对家兔ARIRI有良好保护作用     

丙泊酚对大鼠全肝缺血-再灌注后肺损伤的影响

目的 探讨丙泊酚对大鼠全肝缺血-再灌注(I-R)后肺损伤的影响及可能机制.方法 32只SD大鼠随机均分为四组,Ⅰ组:全肝缺血前10 min腹腔注射丙泊酚50 mg/kg,再灌注前10min腹腔注射生理盐水50 ml/kg; Ⅱ组:缺血前10 min注射生理盐水50 ml/kg,再灌注前10 min注射丙泊酚50 mg/kg;Ⅲ组:I-R前10 min均注射生理盐水50 ml/kg;Ⅳ组:假手术后在对应时点注射生理盐水50 ml/kg.I-R 1 h后取肺组织,测定肺组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及W/D比值;在光镜下观察肺组织形态学及细胞凋亡情况.结果 与Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ组比较,Ⅲ组大鼠肺W/D比值、MDA含量、MPO活性与细胞凋亡指数均增高(P<0.05或P<0.01),SOD活性降低(P<0.01);光镜检查示Ⅲ组大鼠肺组织损伤严重,大量炎性细胞浸润.结论 丙泊酚对大鼠肝I-R后肺损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与抗氧化、抗炎及抗细胞凋亡有关.     

丙泊酚对大鼠肠缺血再灌注所致肺损伤的保护作用及其机制

目的观察丙泊酚对肠缺血再灌注(I/R)后肺损伤的保护作用,并从一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素及氧自由基来探讨其作用机制。方法32只大鼠随机分为假手术组(仅作假手术处理)、单纯手术组(阻断肠系膜上动脉1h后再灌注3h)、丙泊酚低剂量组(50mg/kg)及高剂量组(100mg/kg)。检测血清及支气管肺泡灌洗液蛋白含量并计算肺通透性指数,检测肺组织NO、内皮素-1(ET-1)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性。结果(1)单纯手术组光镜下肺损伤明显,肺含水率及通透性指数亦显著高于假手术组(P<0.01);丙泊酚组肺含水率及通透性指数均明显低于单纯手术组(P<0.05或0.01),但低剂量组肺通透性指数高于高剂量组(P<0.05)。(2)MDA含量单纯手术组显著高于假手术组(P<0.01),而SOD活性则显著低于单纯手术组(P<0.01);丙泊酚组MDA含量均降低,SOD活性均升高,与单纯手术组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),但其SOD活性仍低于单纯手术组(P<0.01或0.05);两个剂量组间差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。(3)单纯手术组NO含量显著高于假手术组(P<0.01),但ET-1的增加不显著(P>0.05),其NO/ET-1的比例明显升高(P<0.01)。与单纯手术组比较,丙泊酚组NO含量显著减少(P<0.05),ET-1无明显变化,但NO/ET-1的比例显著下降(P<0.05),接近于单纯手术组。结论丙泊酚     

脊髓损伤大鼠动脉电生理的变化及丙泊酚的干预作用

目的探讨大鼠高位脊髓损伤(SCI)慢性期腹主动脉对Ca2 、K 收缩力改变及丙泊酚的干预作用。方法16只大鼠随机均分为两组:脊髓T4损伤组(SCI组,咬除T4椎板,横切T4脊髓),假手术组(只暴露脊髓,不进行横切)。取大鼠腹主动脉,测定血管环对Ca2 、K 敏感性以及丙泊酚的反应性。结果与假手术组相比,SCI组大鼠腹主动脉血管环对Ca2 反应性升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),量效曲线左移,Emax增大(P<0.01);30、60mmol/LKCl刺激下,SCI组血管环收缩力较大(P<0.01);与假手术组相比,SCI组大鼠血管环对丙泊酚的舒张作用更敏感(P<0.05,P<0.01),量效曲线左移,Emin减小(P<0.01)。结论血管对Ca2 、K 等反应性升高可能是高位SCI大鼠腹主动脉高反应性的原因;SCI大鼠血管对丙泊酚的舒张作用更为敏感。     

臭氧氧化预处理减轻大鼠脊髓缺血再灌注损伤

目的探讨臭氧氧化预处理对大鼠脊髓缺血再灌注损伤的作用及可能机制。方法将36只健康成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组和臭氧预处理组,每组12只。模型组和臭氧预处理组采用夹闭右肾动脉上腹主动脉的方法构建大鼠脊髓缺血再灌注损伤模型,臭氧预处理大鼠于建模前7 d开始以1 mg/(kg·d)腹腔注射臭氧(50 mg/L)-氧气混合气体至建模。分别于恢复灌流后6、12、24和48 h时,对各组大鼠后肢神经运动功能进行评分。末次评分后取脊髓标本,行HE染色观察组织病理学变化,行2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色检测缺血面积,用试剂盒检测丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平。结果与假手术组相比,模型组和臭氧预处理组大鼠恢复灌流后6、12、24、48 h神经运动功能评分均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05);与模型组相比,臭氧预处理组大鼠恢复灌流后6、12、24、48 h神经运动功能评分升高,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。与假手术组相比,模型组和臭氧预处理组大鼠脊髓组织缺血面积增大,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05);与模型组相比,臭氧预处理组大鼠脊髓缺血面积减小,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。与假手术组相比,模型组和臭氧预处理组大鼠脊髓组织中MDA水平升高,而SOD和GSH-Px水平降低,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05);与模型组相比,臭氧预处理组大鼠脊髓组织中MDA水平降低,而SOD和GSH-Px水平升高,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论臭氧预处理可有效减轻大鼠脊髓缺血再灌注损伤,其机制可能与抑制脊髓组织氧化应激反应有关。     

腹主动脉局部灌注丙泊酚减轻脊髓缺血-再灌注损伤的研究

目的 建立兔脊髓缺血-再灌注损伤模型，研究经腹主动脉局部灌注丙泊酚对脊髓缺血-再灌注损伤的作用。方法 新西兰大耳白兔30只，随机均分为A、B、C三组，诱导后气管插管，持续监测平均动脉压、心率、脉搏血氧饱和度及肛温。左股动脉切开置管至腹主动脉分出左肾动脉远端1．0cm处，于左肾动脉开口远端0．5cm处阻断腹主动脉，同时阻断双侧髂总动脉，自阻断即刻开始经置入导管分别向阻断的腹主动脉远端灌注5ml／kg丙泊酚溶液（A组）、10％脂肪乳（B组）和生理盐水（C组），30min后开放。于动物完全清醒即刻、再灌注后6、24和48h对双后肢神经功能进行评分，光镜观察脊髓前角正常运动神经元并计数。结果 清醒即刻、再灌注后6、24和48hA组神经行为学评分明显高于B和C组（P〈0．05），B、C两组比较差异无统计学意义。三组脊髓前角正常运动神经元中位数分别为11、1和0，A组明显高于B、C两组（P〈0．05）。结论 腹主动脉阻断期间经阻断的腹主动脉局部灌注丙泊酚可减轻脊髓缺血一再灌注损伤。     

一氧化氮在人参皂甙Rb1预处理减轻糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤中的作用

目的 评价一氧化氮(NO)在人参皂甙Rb1预处理减轻糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤中的作用.方法 成年雄性SD大鼠,体重220～280g,腹腔注射1%链脲佐菌素-柠檬酸盐缓冲液65 mg/kg制备糖尿病模型.取糖尿病模型制备成功的大鼠40只,随机分为4组(n=10):假手术组(S组)、缺血再灌注组(IR组)、人参皂甙Rb1预处理组(R组)和L-NAME+人参皂甙Rb1预处理组(LR组).IR组、R组和LR组采用结扎左冠状动脉前降支30 min,再灌注120 min的方法制备大鼠心肌缺血再灌注模型;S组只穿线.LR组于缺血前25 min时静脉注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂N-硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯10 mg/kg;R组和LR组于缺血前10 min时静脉注射人参皂甙Rb1 40mg/kg;S组和IR组给予等容量生理盐水.再灌注120 min时,颈动脉采集血样,测定血清肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性.然后处死大鼠,取心肌组织,计算心肌梗死范围,测定内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)表达、MDA和NO的含量以及SOD活性,光镜下观察病理结果.结果 与S组比较,IR组、R组和LR组血清CK和LDH的活性升高,心肌梗死范围增大,IR组和LR组心肌eNOS表达下调,MDA含量升高,SOD活性和NO含量降低(P＜0.05);与IR组和LR组比较,R组血清CK和LDH的活性降低,心肌梗死范围减小,心肌eNOS表达上调,MDA含量降低,SOD活性和NO含量升高(P＜0.05);IR组和LR组各指标比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论人参皂甙Rb1预处理可通过激活eNOS,促进NO生成,抑制心肌细胞脂质过氧化反应,从而减轻糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤.     

脊髓α2-肾上腺素能受体在异丙酚抗大鼠内脏性伤害刺激中的作用

目的 探讨脊髓α2-肾上腺素能受体在异丙酚抗大鼠内脏性伤害刺激中的作用.方法 雄性成年大鼠,进行蛛网膜下腔置管,3～5 d后鞘内置管成功的28只大鼠于结直肠放置气囊,随机分为4组(n=7),Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组鞘内注射生理盐水(NS)10μl后10 min,分别腹腔注射NS 0.5ml或异丙酚10 mgkg;Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组鞘内注射育亨宾15μg后10 min,分别腹腔注射NS 0.5 ml或异丙酚10 mg/kg.分别于鞘内给药前及注射异丙酚后5、10、15、20、25、30、40和60 min时进行气囊充气,测定内脏痛阈,计算最大镇痛效应百分率(MPE).结果 与Ⅰ组比较,Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组MPE升高(P<0.05或0.01);与Ⅱ组比较,Ⅳ组MPE降低(P<0.01).结论 脊髓α2-肾上腺素能受体激活参与了异丙酚抗大鼠内脏性伤害刺激反应.     

三甲氧苄嗪对大鼠脊髓缺血-再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的评价三甲氧苄嗪(trimetazidine)对大鼠脊髓缺血-再灌注损伤的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制. 方法 45只SD大鼠采用随机数字表法分为3组,每组15只.建立大鼠脊髓缺血损伤模型,假手术组:行开腹手术,不阻断主动脉;对照组:剖腹后阻断主动脉20分钟;三甲氧苄嗪组:于主动脉阻断前10分钟静脉内注射三甲氧苄嗪(3mg/kg),其余处理与对照组相同.测定血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量,术后48小时按Tarlov评分标准评价动物后肢神经功能,取脊髓进行含水量、MDA含量测定及组织病理学检查.结果三甲氧苄嗪组血浆MDA含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05),动物后肢神经功能评分明显优于对照组(P<0.01),脊髓含水量、MDA含量明显低于对照组(P<0.01);三甲氧苄嗪组在光学显微镜下脊髓病理改变轻微,而对照组脊髓损伤较重,两组病理评分差别有显著性意义(P<0.01).结论三甲氧苄嗪对大鼠脊髓缺血-再灌注损伤具有明显的保护作用.     

Propofol's effects on nociceptive behavior and spinal c-fos expression after intraplantar formalin injection in mice with a mutation in the gamma-aminobutyric acid-type(A) receptor beta3 subunit

We investigated whether propofol affected nociceptive behavior and fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in the lumbo-sacral spinal cord after intraplantar formalin injection in wild-type (WT) mice and in mutant mice harboring a point mutation of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type(A) receptor, which renders them resistant to propofol. Bolus injection of propofol (30 mg/kg IV) in WT mice reduced phase 1 formalin-evoked behavior over the initial 2-3 min but did not alter phase 2 behavior or spinal FLI (64 +/- 19 cells/section) compared with WT mice receiving intralipid vehicle plus intraplantar formalin (57 +/- 19 cells/section). Most FLI was restricted to superficial dorsal horn laminae ipsilateral to the formalin injection. WT mice receiving a 60-min propofol infusion were anesthetized throughout and did not display nociceptive behavior but had FLI (58 +/- 11 cells/section) that did not differ significantly from the other WT groups. Mutant mice receiving bolus injection of propofol (30 mg/kg) and intraplantar formalin were not anesthetized and exhibited nociceptive behavior. The total FLI in the spinal cord was 47 +/- 29 cells/section. These data indicate that although propofol produces anesthesia, it does not prevent the FLI that is associated with nociception, a finding consistent with propofol lacking analgesic properties.     

Antioxidant actions and early ultrastructural findings of thiopental and propofol in experimental spinal cord injury

Thiopental and propofol are effective antioxidant agents. The current study was undertaken to examine the neuroprotective effects of a single intraperitoneal dose of thiopental and propofol. Effects of the drugs were evaluated by lipid peroxidation and ultrastructural findings. Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. Group 1 was the control group. Rats underwent laminectomy only, and nontraumatized spinal cord samples were obtained 1 hour after surgical intervention. All other rats sustained a 50-g/cm contusion injury by the weight drop technique. Group 2 rats underwent spinal cord injury alone, group 3 rats received 1 mL intralipid solution intraperitoneally immediately after trauma as the vehicle group, group 4 rats received a 15-mg/kg single dose of thiopental, and group 5 rats received a 40-mg/kg single dose of propofol intraperitoneally following the trauma. Samples from groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were obtained 1 hour after injury. Lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring the concentration of malondialdehyde in the spinal cord tissue. The ultrastructure of the spinal cord was determined by electron microscopy. The contusion injury was associated with a rise in lipid peroxidation. Compared with the trauma group there was significant attenuation in lipid peroxidation of groups 4 and 5. Ultrastructural findings showed that the rats of group 4 sustained minor damage after spinal cord injury, but there was more evident damage in group 5 rats. These results indicate that thiopental decreases lipid peroxidation and improves ultrastructure, whereas propofol decreases lipid peroxidation without improving ultrastructure 1 hour after spinal cord injury in rats.     

Assessment of the neuroprotective effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Objective: Paraplegia or paraparesis due to spinal cord ischemia is one of the complications following thoracoabdominal aortic surgery. Recent studies revealed the neuroprotective effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on a variety of neurological disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the neuroprotective effects of EGCG following spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI).Design: The present study was conducted on four groups of rats each as follows: Sham-operated group (laparotomy alone); Control group (with IRI); EGCGI group (50-mg/kg, i.p., before IRI), and EGCGII group (50-mg/kg, i.p., after IRI). Neurological function evaluated with motor deficit index (MDI) test. Spinal cord samples were taken 48 h after IRI and studied for determination of malodialdehyde (MDA) level, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry of caspase-3, TNF-α, and iNOS.Setting: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.Results: The level of MDA was significantly decreased in EGCG-treated rats. Attenuated caspase-3, TNF-α, and iNOS expression could be significantly detected in the EGCG-treated rats. Also, EGCG reduced the extent of degeneration of the spinal cord neurons, in addition to a significant reduction of MDI.Conclusion: The results suggest that pre- and post-treatment with EGCG may be effective in protecting spinal cord from IRI.     

纳洛酮对亚睡眠剂量异丙酚大鼠结直肠扩张抗伤害作用的影响

目的 探讨异丙酚的内脏抗伤害作用及其与阿片受体的关系。方法35只雄性SD大鼠,体重180~240 g,随机均分为5组:生理盐水(NS组);异丙酚(P5 组);异丙酚(P10组);纳洛酮(Nal组);预注纳洛酮 异丙酚(Nal P10组),药物均由腹腔注射。采用结直肠扩张模型,以大鼠腹壁明显收缩变平的最小扩张压力值为痛阈,观察给药前后大鼠痛阈的变化。结果腹腔注射异丙酚5 mg／kg体重或10 mg／kg体重,5 min后结直肠扩张痛阈均有提高(P<0.05),10~15 min达高峰(P<0.01),持续15~25 min;NS组、P5组与P10组之间痛阈比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05或P<0.01);Nal P10组注射异丙酚后5~20 min内结直肠扩张痛阈增高值明显低于P10组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论亚睡眠剂量异丙酚具有剂量依赖性的内脏抗伤害作用;腹腔预注纳洛酮可部分拮抗异丙酚的作用,因而异丙酚的内脏抗伤害作用与阿片受体有关。     

Effects of Intravenous Anesthetics on Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Background. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced tubular epithelial cell injury, called ischemic acute renal failure, is associated with high mortality in humans. Protecting the kidney against I/R injury is very important during complicated renal operations, transplantation surgery, and anesthesia. Aim. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the efficiency of ketamine, thiopental, propofol, etomidate, and intralipid in reducing the injury induced by free radicals in a rat model of renal I/R. Method. Forty-two Wistar rats were divided into seven groups in our study. Rats in the sham group underwent laparotomy and waited for 120 minutes (min) without ischemia. Rats in the control group were given nothing with ischemia-reperfusion. Rats in the I/R groups were given ketamine (20 mg/kg), thiopental (20 mg/kg) propofol (25 mg/kg), etomidate (10 mg/kg) and 10% intralipid (250 mg/kg) intraperitoneally 15 min prior to the ischemia for 60 min, followed by reperfusion for 60 min. The blood samples and kidney tissues of the rats were obtained under anesthesia at the end of the reperfusion period. Biochemical malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatine (Cr), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined, and histopathological analysis was performed with these samples. Results. MDA level was increased significantly in the control group (p < 0.05). Histopathological findings of the control group confirmed that there was renal impairment by tubular cell swelling, interstitial edema, medullary congestion, and tubular dilatation. MDA levels were lower in the ketamine, thiopental, and propofol groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In the thiopental and propofol groups, the levels of histopathological scores were significantly lower than control and etomidate groups in ischemia-reperfusion. Conclusion. Our results demonstrated that I/R injury was significantly reduced in the presence of propofol and thiopental. The protective effects of these drugs may belong to their antioxidant properties. These results may indicate that propofol and thiopental anesthesia protects against functional, biochemical, and morphological damage better than control in renal I/R injury.