HPLC法同时测定消炎片中绿原酸、秦皮乙素和咖啡酸的含量

目的:建立HPLC法同时测定消炎片中绿原酸、秦皮乙素和咖啡酸的含量.方法:采用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 (250mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-乙腈-0.04％磷酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱;检测波长为328 nm;流速1.0ml·min -1;进样量20μl;柱温35℃.结果:绿原酸、秦皮乙素和咖啡酸的线性范围分别为1.616 ～40.400μg·ml-1(r=0.999 9,n=7)、5.164～129.100μg ·ml-1(r=1.000 0,n=7)和1.344～ 26.880 μg·ml-1(r=1.000 0,n=7);提取回收率分别为99.08％(RSD=0.6％,n=6)、98.81％(RSD =0.4％,n=6)和98.92％(RSD=0.9％,n=6).结论:本法操作简便、快速、结果准确.     

HPLC法测定秦皮4种有效成分的含量

目的采用高效液相色谱法建立秦皮药材中秦皮甲素、秦皮苷、秦皮乙素、秦皮素的含量测定方法,为建立秦皮饮片质量评价体系提供含量测定方法学依据。方法制备秦皮供试品溶液,采用Inertsil C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以0.1%甲酸水为流动相A,甲醇为流动相B,进行梯度洗脱。检测波长:254 nm测定秦皮甲素、秦皮苷和秦皮乙素,340 nm测定秦皮素。进样量:10μL,柱温:30℃,流速:0.8 mL·min~(-1),依次进样分析。结果秦皮甲素、秦皮苷、秦皮乙素和秦皮素质量浓度分别在78.60～1572、23.90～487.0、6.900～138.5、1.240～24.80 mg·L~(-1)内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数分别为0.999 6、0.999 6、0.999 5、0.999 6;秦皮供试品中,四者的平均回收率分别为98.1%、98.9%、98.1%和98.5%;RSD分别为1.5%、1.6%、1.2%和0.90%(n=6)。结论建立的方法适用于研究秦皮药材中秦皮甲素、秦皮苷、秦皮乙素和秦皮素的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定复方鱼腥草合剂中绿原酸、黄芩苷的含量

目的:建立同时测定复方鱼腥草合剂中绿原酸、黄芩苷的高效液相色谱法.方法:采用Sinochrom ODS-BP(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)色谱柱;流动相为甲醇:0.2%磷酸溶液,进行梯度洗脱;柱温:30℃流速为0.9 ml·min-1,检测波长为315 nm.结果:绿原酸在0.1～1.0 μg·ml-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 5),平均回收率为100.26%,RSD=0.53%(n=9);黄芩苷在1.8～18.0 μg·ml-1范围内线性关系良好(r=0.996 6),平均回收率为100.04%,RSD=0.87%(n=9).结论:本方法简便易行,能够准确、快速测定复方鱼腥草合剂中的绿原酸和黄芩苷的含量.     

RP-HPLC波长切换法同时测定阑尾灵颗粒中5种有效成分的含量

目的建立RP HPLC波长切换法同时测定阑尾灵颗粒中绿原酸、咖啡酸、木犀草素、丹皮酚和芦荟大黄素的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱法,以Diamonsil C18柱(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为分析柱,乙腈体积分数为0.05%的磷酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,柱温:30℃,流速:1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长:(0～40 min)350 nm,(40～60 min)274 nm,进样量:20μL。结果 5种成分质量浓度分别在58.88～588.8(r=0.999 3,n=6)、6.53～65.3(r=0.999 3,n=6)、1.15～11.5(r=0.999 4,n=6)、0.74～7.4(r=0.999 1,n=6)、2.92～29.2 mg.L-1(r=0.999 7,n=6)内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,方法的平均回收率分别为100.6%(RSD=1.1%)、99.7%(RSD=1.1%)、99.6%(RSD=1.3%)、99.7%(RSD=0.9%)、100.3%(RSD=1.5%)。结论所建立的高效液相色谱测定法可用于阑尾灵颗粒的质量控制。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定葛根提取物中5种异黄酮的含量

目的:建立葛根提取物中5种异黄酮含量测定的HPLC方法。方法:采用Hypersil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.02 mol·L-1醋酸铵(醋酸调pH=4.6)为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,流速为1.0mL·min-1,检测波长为260 nm,柱温为35℃。结果:葛根素、大豆苷、染料木苷、大豆素、染料木素分别在0.204～510.4μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9),0.201～503.0μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9),0.233～581.8μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9),0.201～502.4μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9),0.195～487.6μg·mL-1(r=0.999 9)范围内线性关系良好。平均回收率(n=6)分别为101.52%(RSD=0.69%),102.66%(RSD=0.30%),98.90%(RSD=0.26%),98.64%(RSD=0.29%),100.16%(RSD=0.20%)。结论:本方法快速、简便、精密度和重现性好、灵敏度高,可作为葛根提取物的含量控制方法。     

紫花地丁中秦皮乙素含量测定研究

目的 建立高效液相色谱法测定紫花地丁中秦皮乙素的含量的方法.方法 采用YMC C18柱(日本YMC公司),5μm,4.6×150mm;甲醇-水-冰醋酸(25∶74∶1)为流动相;流速为1.0mL·min-1;柱温为30℃;检测波长为353nm;对照品及样品进样量各为10μL.结果 秦皮乙素在0.168～2.94μg范围内,线性关系良好(r=0.9997,n=5).平均回收率为96.8%,RSD=0.968%(n=6).结论 方法 简便、准确、重现性好.可用于紫花地丁中秦皮乙素含量测定.     

HPLC法测定归芍通络合剂中补骨脂素、异补骨脂素的含量

目的:建立归芍通络合剂中补骨脂素、异补骨脂素的HPLC含量测定方法.方法:色谱柱Inertsil ODC-SP C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm);流动相:甲醇-水(50:50);流速:0.8 ml·min-1;柱温为40℃;检测波长为246 nm.结果::补骨脂素和异补骨脂素分别在0.041 6～0.249 6 μg(r=0.999 8)和0.040 8～0.244 8 μg(r=0.999 8)范围内具良好的线性关系,回收率分别为98.2%(RSD=1.25%)和99.4%(RSD=1.80%)(n=5).结论:本方法简便,准确,重复性好,可作为归芍通络合剂中补骨脂素、异补骨脂素含量的测定.     

高效液相色谱法测定抗病毒合剂中绿原酸和黄芩苷的含量

目的:应用HPLC法同时测定抗病毒合剂中绿原酸和黄芩苷的含量.方法:采用Hypersil ODS2 (4.6mm×200mm,5μm) 色谱柱,流动相:乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液(梯度洗脱),流速1.0ml·min-1,检测波长318nm.结果:绿原酸在进样量为36.0～360.0ng范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 6,n=6),黄芩苷在进样量36.8～368.0ng范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9,n=6),平均加样回收率分别为101.2%、100.6%,RSD分别为0.6%、1.2%(n=5).结论:本方法测定简便,结果准确,重现性好,可作为制剂的质量控制.     

HPLC法同时测定地氯滴眼液中地塞米松磷酸钠及氯霉素含量

目的建立地氯滴眼液中主要成分地塞米松磷酸钠、氯霉素的高效液相色谱含量测定方法.方法色谱柱为Hypersil ODS C18(250 mm×4.6 m,5 μm),流动相为甲醇-0.34%的磷酸二氢钾水溶液(52:48,v/v),柱温25℃,检测波长240nm,内标:0.14 mg·mL-1氢化可的松.结果在0.1004～0.401 6 mg·mL-1范围内,地塞米松磷酸钠线性良好(r=0.999 98),回收率为102.5%,RSD=2.2%(n=9);在1.014 4～4.057 6 mg·mL-1范围内,氯霉素线性良好(r=0.999 98),回收率为101.8%,RSD=1.5%(n=9).结论该实验建立的分析方法灵敏、快速、准确.     

RP-HPLC法测定刺五加中紫丁香苷和异秦皮啶的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定刺五加中紫丁香苷和异秦皮啶的含量。方法采用KromasilC18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈(A)-体积分数为1%乙酸水溶液(B),梯度洗脱;流速为1.0 mL.min-1;检测波长为265 nm(0 min),341nm(11 min)。结果紫丁香苷和异秦皮啶质量浓度分别在26.0～435 mg.L-1(r=0.999 7)和0.270～4.50 mg.L-1(r=0.999 6)内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率分别为98.01%(RSD=1.2%,n=6)和97.53%(RSD=1.1%,n=6)。结论该方法可同时测定刺五加药材中紫丁香苷和异秦皮啶的含量。     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Efficacy of gut lavage,hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication

Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.

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Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.

     

In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism

This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Steroidal sapogenin contents in some domestic plants

In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.