老年糖尿病51例听力分析

目的观察糖尿病对听力的影响,探讨老年性糖尿病与老年性耳聋的关系.方法对51例老年糖尿病患者和46例健康老人进行纯音听力测试,空腹血糖、血脂、尿糖、血压、眼底及耳部检查.结果糖尿病组与对照组听阈均显示随增龄而升高,但糖尿病组比对照组升高更明显(P＜0.01),各年龄组糖尿病患者听力减退发生率明显高于对照组.糖尿病控制状况与听力明显相关.糖尿病并发症平均听阈明显高于无并发症者,两组之间高频听力差异有非常显著性(P＜0.01).结论糖尿病是加重老年耳聋的因素,糖尿病聋耳是一种类似老年性耳聋的感音神经性耳聋.控制糖尿病病情,控制血糖水平,可预防或延缓糖尿病耳聋的发生.     

重视防治糖尿病神经病变

糖尿病神经病变以周围神经病变和植物神经病变最常见。糖尿病神经病变早期可无明显的症状,但肌电图可显示周围神经传导速度的减慢,B超可发现膀胱残余尿量增多。     

儿童糖尿病五问答

以前提起糖尿病，大家马上就会想到中老年人，很少听说孩子得糖尿病。然而目前，患糖尿病的儿童明显增多，可家长对儿童糖尿病的情况还真不太清楚。     

Exenatide类似物对胰岛素抵抗小鼠的治疗作用

[目的]研究Exenatide类似物对小鼠胰岛素抵抗(Insulin resistance,IR)的干预作用。[方法]以地塞米松诱导小鼠胰岛素抵抗及四氧嘧啶诱导糖尿病小鼠模型,观察Exenatide类似物对胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病小鼠血糖、血清胰岛素、血清FFA、TG、TC含量的影响。[结果]Exenatide类似物可明显降低四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠的血糖和血清胰岛素水平,对地塞米松诱导的小鼠胰岛素抵抗也有明显的改善作用,同时还可明显降低小鼠血清FFA、TG、TC含量。[结论]Exenatide类似物可明显改善糖尿病小鼠的胰岛素抵抗症状。     

糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白检测的临床意义

目的探讨糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白检测的临床意义。方法测定糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白，并与正常组比较。结果糖尿病组糖化血红蛋白检测值比对照组明显增高。结论糖化血红蛋白可作为早期诊断糖尿病的重要依据。     

糖尿病慢性并发症知多少（下）

糖尿病性肾脏病变 糖尿病肾病指糖尿病性肾小球硬化症,是一种以血管损害为主的肾小球病变。早期多无明显症状,血压可正常或偏高。如能积极控制高血压及高血糖,病变有望好转。如控制不良,随病变的进展可发展为临床糖尿病肾病,此时可有如下临床表现：蛋白尿、浮肿、高血压、肾功能不全、贫血和其他症状。     

老年糖尿病患者的社区健康干预效果与评价

糖尿病（DM）是一种慢性终身代谢性疾病,严重危害着人类健康。随着人们生活水平的提高,糖尿病的发病率日渐增高,特别是老年糖尿病患者明显增多。但糖尿病及其并发症是可防可治的。其中社区健康干预在糖尿病的防治中起着非常重要的作用。加强老年糖尿病患者健康教育，让糖尿病患者掌握糖尿病的有关知识，     

硒、大蒜素对糖尿病小鼠降糖作用的研究

观察了硒、大蒜素单用及合用对四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的影响。研究表明，单用硒、大蒜素可使糖尿病小鼠体重增加，饮水量、食量及尿量减少，空腹血糖明显下降，硒可改善糖尿病小鼠的糖耐量。糖尿病小鼠血红蛋白含量、白细胞数，甘油三酯含量明显下降，血小板数及胆固醇含量明显升高，脾、胸腺脏器指数及细胞吞噬率减少，单用硒、大蒜素能改善上述症状，合用则无协同作用。     

糖尿病合并高血压患者血清甲状腺激素水平的研究

目的：探讨糖尿病合并高血压病患者血清甲状腺激素水平.方法：将研究对象分为糖尿病合并高血压组、糖尿病组、高血压组及健康对照组. 用放射免疫分析法（RIA）检测各组甲状腺激素水平.结果：糖尿病合并高血压组、糖尿病组和高血压组患者FT3低于于健康对照组（P〈0.01）,具有统计学意义;糖尿病合并高血压组与糖尿病组和高血压病组比较FT3明显下降,具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;FT4、TSH 无明显变化（P〉0.05）,糖尿病与高血压两组间甲状腺激素水平变化不明显,无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论：糖尿病合并高血压病患者血清FT3可做为病情判断和预后的指标之一.     

糖尿病人慎选降压药

高血压是糖尿病的主要并发症之一,糖尿病人在治疗高血压时,要慎重选择药物。如果用药不当不仅对降压无益,还可加重糖尿病病情。那如何来确定药物种类呢?现介绍如下: 一、利尿降压药:糖尿病并发高血压患者,多数有体液潴留,因此给予少量利尿降压药可明显改善高血压。但利尿降压药可引起非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病患者出现低血糖,并使胰岛素分泌减少,敏感性下降,从而使葡萄糖耐     

某社区中老年人糖尿病健康教育效果评估

目的探索社区中老年人糖尿病健康教育的有效方法。方法在奉贤区南桥镇社区选择2个居委会,每居委随机选择百余名50岁以上的中老年人;一个作为干预组,另一个作为对照组。结果参加研究的228人都有不同程度的行为危险因素。干预后,干预组在遵医服药、控制饮食、适当锻炼和放松心情等四项行为危险因素的水平明显低于对照组;干预组中的病人血糖控制率也明显低于对照组。结论组织动员社区中老年居民,并对他们进行有针对性的健康教育干预,是社区预防控制糖尿病等慢性病的良好方法。     

Imagery,Colour and Illness: A Review

This paper reviews research on the role of colour and imagery in relation to illness and examines how this might improve communication between the sufferer and those treating or caring for them. It describes a method by which colour can be related to situations such as an individual's mood and how this might be used to predict response to treatment. Furthermore, it provides evidence that documenting the imagery of an illness might give insight into the patients’ fears and concerns about their condition as well as helping non-sufferers to understand what they are going through.     

Imagery, colour and illness: a review

This paper reviews research on the role of colour and imagery in relation to illness and examines how this might improve communication between the sufferer and those treating or caring for them. It describes a method by which colour can be related to situations such as an individual's mood and how this might be used to predict response to treatment. Furthermore, it provides evidence that documenting the imagery of an illness might give insight into the patients' fears and concerns about their condition as well as helping non-sufferers to understand what they are going through.     

Older Adults With Diabetes and Osteoarthritis and Their Spouses: Effects of Activity Limitations,Marital Happiness,and Social Contacts on Partners' Daily Mood

Using daily diary data from 28 later life couples where one spouse had diabetes and osteoarthritis, we examined crossover effects of target spouses' daily activity limitations and their partners' daily mood. On days when target spouses' daily activity limitations were higher than average, partners' positive mood decreased and negative mood increased; when target wives' limitations were higher than average, husbands' positive mood was higher. Marital happiness and frequency of telephone conversations of target spouses buffered some relations. Results advance our understanding of daily health processes within later life marriages by identifying crossover effects of activity limitations of an ill spouse with the mood of their partner and underscore the role of marital happiness and social contacts in buffering these associations.     

Moderate whisky consumption in combination with an evening meal reduces tryptophan availability to the brain but does not influence performance in healthy volunteers

Brain serotonin (5-HT) synthesis is controlled by nutrients that influence the availability of plasma tryptophan (Trp) as compared with the sum of the other large neutral amino acids (LNAA; Trp:LNAA). Alcohol consumption is found to change mood and performance and this might well be due to alterations in the plasma Trp:LNAA ratio and brain 5-HT. In the present study, we tested whether whisky consumption as part of a meal may alter the plasma Trp:LNAA ratio and influence mood and performance in healthy volunteers. Twenty-four healthy male subjects participated in a within-subjects cross-over study. Subjects consumed whisky (125 ml; 40 g alcohol) or water (125 ml) as part of a standard evening meal. Effects of whisky consumption were tested on mood and choice reaction time and blood samples were taken to measure changes in plasma amino acids, glucose and insulin. The plasma Trp:LNAA ratio showed a significant decline 2 h after whisky consumption of alcohol (P<0.001). No effects were found on choice reaction time or mood as compared with the control condition. The present findings reveal that whisky consumption alters available plasma Trp for uptake into the brain, whereas there were no effects on mood and performance.     

肺结核合并糖尿病患者87例临床分析

目的探讨肺结核合并糖尿病的临床特点,为诊断和治疗该病提供依据。方法选取肺结核合并糖尿病患者87例,对其诊断标准、治疗方法、痰菌转阴率及复发率进行分析。选取87例单纯肺结核患者为对照组。结果观察组痰菌转阴率均低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;观察组复发率明显高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论对肺结核合并糖尿病应采取综合治疗,积极拧制血糖。     

Looking at food in sad mood: Do attention biases lead emotional eaters into overeating after a negative mood induction?

BackgroundEmotional eating is associated with overeating and the development of obesity. Yet, empirical evidence for individual (trait) differences in emotional eating and cognitive mechanisms that contribute to eating during sad mood remain equivocal.AimThe aim of this study was to test if attention bias for food moderates the effect of self-reported emotional eating during sad mood (vs neutral mood) on actual food intake. It was expected that emotional eating is predictive of elevated attention for food and higher food intake after an experimentally induced sad mood and that attentional maintenance on food predicts food intake during a sad versus a neutral mood.MethodParticipants (N = 85) were randomly assigned to one of the two experimental mood induction conditions (sad/neutral). Attentional biases for high caloric foods were measured by eye tracking during a visual probe task with pictorial food and neutral stimuli. Self-reported emotional eating was assessed with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) and ad libitum food intake was tested by a disguised food offer.ResultsHierarchical multivariate regression modeling showed that self-reported emotional eating did not account for changes in attention allocation for food or food intake in either condition. Yet, attention maintenance on food cues was significantly related to increased intake specifically in the neutral condition, but not in the sad mood condition.DiscussionThe current findings show that self-reported emotional eating (based on the DEBQ) might not validly predict who overeats when sad, at least not in a laboratory setting with healthy women. Results further suggest that attention maintenance on food relates to eating motivation when in a neutral affective state, and might therefore be a cognitive mechanism contributing to increased food intake in general, but maybe not during sad mood.     

金华市社区糖尿病综合防治管理模式探讨

目的：评价糖尿病社区综合防治管理效果。方法：通过设立试点社区和对照社区开展综合防治管理一年半以后，对病人的发现率，对病人和病人家属知信行情况改变以及病人家属对病人的督导率的改变和社区糖尿病管理率的变化进行考评。结果：社区糖尿病的发现病人数（率），社区卫生服务站的糖尿病建档人数和病人管理率，病人和家属的糖尿病防治知识的知晓率，家庭成员对病人督导率均提高，病人生活方式有所变化，病人的规范服药率明显提高。在试点社区和对照社区之间的差异显著。结论：“以卫生行政部门为领导，疾病预防控制机构为中心，医疗机构为诊疗支撑，社区卫生为服务平台，患者家庭为辅助”的社区糖尿病综合防治管理模式有一定效果。     

铜山县高中男生睡眠状况与负性情绪的关系

目的 分析青少年睡眠状况与负性情绪状态之间的关系。方法 采用无记名问卷调查的方法对江苏省铜山县4所中学的高中男生进行调查。睡眠状况由睡眠潜伏期和每晚睡眠的时间来表示，情绪状态用POMS量表评定，资料采用方差分析。结果 多因素分析方法显示，POMS中的5个负性分量表得分均与睡眠潜伏期呈统计学关联，每晚睡眠时间与负性情绪得分无统计学关联。结论 负性情绪对睡眠的潜伏期有重要影响，应该加强对青少年的心理咨询，以改善他们的睡眠。     

Diabetes-related symptoms and negative mood in participants of a targeted population-screening program for type 2 diabetes: The Hoorn Screening study

Objective: To determine the level of diabetes-related symptom distress and its association with negative mood in subjects participating in a targeted population-screening program, comparing those identified as having type 2 diabetes vs. those who did not. Research design and methods: This study was conducted within the framework of a targeted screening project for type 2 diabetes in a general Dutch population (age 50–75 years). The study sample consisted of 246 subjects, pre-selected on the basis of a high-risk profile; 116 of whom were subsequently identified as having type 2 diabetes, and 130 who were non-diabetic subjects. Diabetes-related symptom distress and negative mood was assessed ∼2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months after the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, with the Type 2 Diabetes Symptom Checklist and the Negative well-being sub scale of the Well-being Questionnaire (W-BQ12), respectively. Results: Screening-detected diabetic patients reported significantly greater burden of hyperglycemic (F=6.0, df=1, p=0.015) and of fatigue (F=5.3, df=1, p=0.023) symptoms in the first year following diagnosis type 2 diabetes compared to non-diabetic subjects. These outcomes did not change over time. The total symptom distress (range 0–4) was relatively low for both screening-detected diabetic patients (median at ∼2 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months; 0.24, 0.24, 0.29) and non-diabetic subjects (0.15, 0.15, 0.18), and not significantly different. No average difference and change over time in negative well-being was found between screening-detected diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects. Negative well-being was significantly positive related with the total symptom distress score (regression coefficient β=2.86, 95% CI 2.15–3.58). Conclusions: The screening-detected diabetic patients were bothered more by symptoms of hyperglycemia and fatigue in the first year following diagnosis type 2 diabetes than non-diabetic subjects. More symptom distress is associated with increased negative mood in both screening-detected diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects.