精神分裂症男性患者婚姻状况及社会功能的调查研究

目的 探讨精神分裂症男性患者的婚姻质量及社会功能,为精神分裂症男性患者的家庭及社会支持提供若干指标.方法 选择已婚男性精神分裂症患者96例,应用Olson婚姻质量问卷(ENRICH)和社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)对患者及其配偶进行调查.结果 精神分裂症组婚姻质量均低于常模(均P＜0.05),精神分裂症男性患者以及配偶有8个因子的得分低于常模(均P＜ 0.05),配偶的婚姻满意度和性生活得分高于患者(均P＜0.05),影响患者婚姻质量的主要因素有家庭收入和社会功能.结论 精神分裂症男性患者婚姻质量下降,要进一步加强精神卫生宣教以及精神科护理.     

婚姻支持对精神分裂症患者社会功能的影响

目的 探讨婚姻支持对精神分裂症患者社会功能的影响.方法 采用Olson婚姻质量问卷、社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)和简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)对198例临床痊愈出院后2年的精神分裂症患者的婚姻质量、精神症状严重程度、社会功能进行评定.结果 198例患者的Olson平均分为(334.68±22.36)分,根据有无结婚以及Olson平均分为界限,分高婚姻质量组[Olson≥(334.68±22.36)分]68例,低婚姻质量组[Olson＜(334.68±22.36)分]78例,无4配偶组52例.无配偶组SDSS评分高于高婚姻质量组和低婚姻质量组(P＜0.01),低婚姻质量组高于高婚姻质量组(P＜0.01);无配偶组服药依从性低于高婚姻质量组和低婚姻质量组(P＜0.05),高婚姻质量组高于低婚姻质量组(P＜0.05);无配偶组BPRS总分及各因子分高于高婚姻质量组和低婚姻质量组(P＜0.01),低婚姻质量组高于高婚姻质量组(P＜0.01).Olson婚姻质量问卷中婚姻满意度、性格相容性、夫妻交流、解决冲突方式、性生活、角色平等因子分与SDSS总分呈显著负相关(P＜0.05).结论 婚姻支持对维持和改善精神分裂症患者的病情和社会功能有重要影响,医护人员应注意引导患者和配偶增强主动寻求和利用婚姻支持的意识,以提高患者的康复效果和社会功能.     

首发精神分裂症患者配偶的情绪状态、个性特征及应对方式的调查

目的探讨精神分裂症患者配偶的个性特征、应对方式对自身情绪状态及患者精神的影响。方法对215例首发精神分裂症患者配偶进行焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）及艾森克个性问卷量表的测定。结果 SDS和SAS得分均明显高于国家常模（均〈0.01）,女性配偶的SDS得分显著高于男性配偶的得分（〈0.01）,农村配偶的SDS得分明显高于城市配偶的得分（〈0.05）。消极应对方式得分中,女性配偶得分明显高于男性配偶（〈0.01）,农村配偶得分明显高于城市配偶（〈0.01）。消极应对方式分与抑郁和焦虑得分均呈正相关（=0.498、0.254,〈0.05）。结论精神分裂症患者配偶的人格特征及应对方式将影响患者的病程和预后,同时配偶的情绪状态将加重其消极应对方式,故有效地对患者配偶进行心理干预极其重要。     

精神分裂症患者污名现象与家庭环境关系的相关研究

目的探讨精神分裂症患者污名现象与家庭环境的相关性。方法采用家庭环境量表（FES-CV）和心理障碍污名量表对100例精神分裂症患者进行测评,并进行相关分析。结果精神分裂症患者的家庭亲密度、情感表达、成功性和组织性因子得分低于与中国常模（〈0.01）,矛盾性高于中国常模（〈0.01）。家庭亲密度、情感表达、矛盾性、独立性﹑成功性与污名现象之间呈正相关（均〈0.05）。结论精神分裂症患者的污名现象与家庭环境明显相关。     

癫痫患者配偶婚姻质量状况调查

目的探讨癫痫患者配偶的婚姻质量状况。方法采用自制的癫痫患者配偶一般状况调查表和中国人婚姻质量问卷对93例成年癫痫患者配偶（研究组）及用中国人婚姻质量问卷对91例正常人群配偶（对照组）进行调查。结果研究组婚姻质量总分及各因子分均低于对照组（P均〈0.05）,各年龄段研究组婚姻质量总分及各因子分均差于对照组（P均〈0.05）。研究组女性婚姻质量各因子分及总分均差于对照组（P均〈0.05）;研究组男性在性格相容、化解冲突、经济安排、业余活动、情感与性、子女与婚姻、亲友关系等评分及总分均低于对照组（P均〈0.05）;研究组女性在夫妻交流、化解冲突、家庭角色评分及总分低于男性（P均〈0.05）。小学研究组各因子分及总分低于对照组（P均〈0.05）;中学研究组在夫妻交流、业余活动、家庭角色低于对照组（P均〈0.05）;大专以上研究组在性格相容、夫妻交流、化解冲突、情感与性、家庭角色及总分与对照组比较有统计学差异（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论癫痫患者配偶婚姻质量差于正常人群,在不同年龄阶段、性别及学历上均差于正常人群。可以进一步采用相关分析比较,找出相关因素进行心理及家庭干预以提高癫痫患者配偶婚姻质量水平。     

住院精神分裂症患者生活质量及影响因素研究

目的 探讨住院精神分裂症患者生活质量情况及影响因素.方法 选取在湖南省湘雅二医院和湖南省脑科医院精神科住院治疗的恢复期精神分裂症患者144例作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、社会支持量表、精神分裂症病人生活质量量表对患者进行测评.结果 住院精神分裂症患者社会支持量表总分为(32±6)分,低于中国常模(P＜0.01);生活质量的心理社会维度,男性、人均收入低于1 500元、被动入院、合并用药的患者得分较高(P＜0.05);动力和精力维度方面,合并用药的患者得分较高(P＜0.05);症状和副反应维度方面,人均收入低于1 500元、合并用药的患者得分较高(P＜0.05);多元线性回归分析显示,住院精神分裂症生活质量的主要影响因素为家庭人均月收入、用药情况、入院方式、社会支持利用度.结论 住院精神分裂症患者社会支持和生活质量状况较差,并与多种因素密切相关.     

精神分裂症青少年患者及其父母的家庭功能研究*

目的 了解精神分裂症青少年患者与其家属及正常家庭青少年家庭功能差异,探索精神分裂症青少年患者家庭康复方法。方法 随机抽取新乡市与父母一同居住的精神分裂症青少年患者及家属为病例组（96例）,对照组（92例）来源于患者本村/社区,利用家庭功能评定量表（FAD）和家庭亲密度及适应性评定量表（FACES）对各研究对象进行问卷调查。结果 病例组和对照组青少年FAD 7个维度（角色扮演、问题解决、家庭沟通、情感介入、情感反应、行为控制和总功能）得分比较差异有统计学意义（P?<0.05）,病例组得分高于对照组。两组研究对象FACES的适用性和亲密度2个维度得分差异有统计学意义（P?< 0.05）,病例组得分低于对照组。母亲与患者之间的家庭功能状况一致性较好（P?>0.05）,父亲与患者和母亲的家庭功能差异有统计学意义（P?<0.05）。结论 青少年精神分裂症患者家庭功能较差,患者家庭成员间家庭功能有较大差异。     

肾病综合征患儿的生活质量与其家庭因素的相关性分析

目的 了解肾病综合征患儿的生活质量、家庭结构与功能的情况,为患儿的家庭管理及自我照顾提供依据。 方法 运用儿童少年生活质量量表、家庭功能评定量表和自编的一般资料问卷对102 例肾病综合征（ 肾病） 患儿及其家长进行调查,并与102 例同龄正常儿童生活质量及其家庭功能作比较,分析肾病患儿生活质量及其家庭功能的情况。 结果 病例组患儿的社会心理功能、生理心理健康、生活环境、生活质量满意度及总体生活质量均显著低于健康儿童（P ＜0.05）;病例组患儿家庭功能（ 由问题解决、沟通、角色、情感反应、情感介入、行为控制、总的功能共7 个方面组成） 总分显著低于健康儿童（P ＜ 0.05） ;患儿的总体生活质量与家庭功能的问题解决、沟通、角色、情感反应、情感介入、行为控制方面呈正相关;患儿病程、住院次数、病情状况、兄弟姐妹数量、家庭月收入、母亲文化程度、自我护理知识、药物知识等家庭因素影响患儿的总体生活质量。 结论 应将家庭作为一个整体纳入治疗护理中,制定科学、合理的疾病管理措施,从而有效地控制病情,提高生活质量。     

亲职压力对心理健康的影响：应对方式和家庭功能的中介和调节作用

目的：研究亲职压力、家庭功能与应对方式对中学生父母心理健康的影响。方法以亲职压力量表、简易应对方式问卷、家庭功能量表和SCL-90对200名12岁初中学生家长进行调查研究。结果女性SCL-90总分显著高于男性;SCL-90总分与亲职压力、消极应对呈显著正相关（P＜0．01）,与积极应对呈显著负相关（P＜0．01）。积极应对与解决问题和情感介入呈显著正相关（P＜0．01）;消极应对与功能角色、情感反应、情感介入和行为控制呈显著负相关（P＜0．05）。应对方式对心理健康有显著预测作用（P＜0．001;P＜0．005）。积极与消极应对在亲职压力和心理健康中起部分中介作用（P＜0．001;P＜0．005）。结论应对方式部分中介亲职压力对心理健康的影响。家庭功能中,解决问题和情感介入正向影响积极应对的作用,角色、情感反应、情感介入和行为控制负向影响消极应对的作用。     

瑜伽练习对长春市某医院精神分裂症住院患者社会功能的影响

目的：观察瑜伽练习对精神分裂症住院患者社会功能的影响.方法：将精神分裂症患者123例随机分为观察组62例及对照组61例,所有患者干预前后进行生活质量评定综合问卷（GQOLI-74）测评.结果：两组患者干预前后人际交往能力、社会支持、业余娱乐生活、工作与学习、婚姻与家庭及总分各项得分比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;观察组各项得分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.两组患者治疗前后比较,SDSS得分均有下降,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗后观察组与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.观察组患者的社会能力、社会兴趣、个人卫生水平显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;而激惹、疾病表现、迟滞、抑郁水平显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论：瑜伽练习可以更好地促进精神分裂症患者社会功能的恢复.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.