旅游应准备哪些药品

由于旅游过程中生活不规律,气候、环境的改变,加之长途跋涉、车船劳顿,难免会发生晕车、失眠、便秘、腹泻、感冒、中署等小毛病,或不小心发生扭伤或跌伤。有人将这些统称为"旅游病"。为了使旅游顺利进行,增添更多乐趣,动身前最好准备些药品,以备应急之用。晕车药有些人坐车、乘船或乘飞机时,会感到头晕目眩、恶心呕吐、面色苍白,可在动身前半小     

月亮圆缺与人体健康

"晓月过残垒,繁星宿故关";"明月如霜,清景无限"等古诗句,道出了人类与月亮的不解之缘。16世纪时,德国医生帕拉策尔苏斯就认识到:满月时,精神错乱的人数就会增加。因为在满月和新月时,太阳和月亮位于一条直线上,用联合的力量拉地球,大潮就是这时发生的。现代科学研究表明,满月时产生的"生物潮汐",使暴躁的人变得更加神经过敏,忧郁的人变得更加消沉,爱寻欢作乐的人更加喜欢采取异常行动。20世纪70年代,北尼     

吃得越饱寿命越短

美国科学家做了这样一个实验:将200只猴子分为两组,每组100只;甲组吃饱为止,乙组只吃七八分饱。经过10年喂养,甲组猴子患高血脂、脂肪肝、高血压、冠心病的多,100只猴子中死亡了50只(50.0%);乙组猴子苗条健康,精力充沛,100只中死亡了12只(12.0%)。结论是低热量的饮食是健康的法宝。洪昭光     

烦人的尿道综合症

黄小姐5年前由于一次不当性生活而导致尿频、尿急、尿痛的症状,经输液打针、服用中西药等治疗,效果都不佳.时时袭来的尿频、尿急令她不敢贸然外出,一旦外出,把找厕所当成头等大事.刚开始1～2个小时排尿一次,以后间隔时间越来越短,甚至在咳嗽、走路时尿液不自主地流出.反复尿液检查却没有白细胞,细菌培养也不见细菌、真菌、衣原体、支原体等微生物.更可怕的是夜间反复排尿,严重影响睡眠,影响她的生活质量,给她带来巨大痛苦及心理压力.     

专家点评

血余炭为人发煅成的炭,性平味苦,归肝、胃经。功能止血散瘀、补阴利尿,善治各种出血及小便不通。为化疲止血良药,有止血而不留瘀、利尿而不伤阴之特点。外用于疮疡,有解毒、生肌敛疮之效。江某读者用血余炭治疗鼻出血,是一个很好的方法,而且此法确实如读者所述,见     

呵护前列腺六要素

前列腺是男性独有的附属性腺,如核桃大小,重约20克,位于膀胱下方。前列腺包绕着紧挨膀胱的尿道,它的主要功能是分泌稀薄的前列腺液,构成精液的一部分,同时也是排尿的必经之地。青壮年时期前列腺常受到各种病菌侵袭容易发生炎症。50岁以后,随着睾丸酮及分泌物的减少,同时出现前列腺增生。据统计,60岁以上男     

注意:有些眼药用前需配制

小赵因双眼发红,分泌物多,到药店买了一瓶利福平眼药自行滴眼治疗。然而用药后不仅没有效果,症状反而加重。原来她用药前没有按说明书要求将眼药配好,还犯了一个啼笑皆非的错误——把本应放入药瓶中溶解的药丸,当作口服药服到肚子里了……     

体育锻炼矫正心理缺陷

体育锻炼纠正心理缺陷,不是一般的运动训练和娱乐游戏活动。要想达到心理转移的目的,必须有一定的强度、质量和时间的要求。每天锻炼时间在30分钟左右,运动量从小到大,循序渐进。     

钟离权"三成丹法"

钟离权,号云房,唐末五代京兆咸阳(今属陕西)人,著名丹道养生家,传说为八仙之一,人称"汉钟离",是据杜子美"近闻韦氏妹,远在汉钟离"的诗句.汉,乃五代时的"后汉"而言.因避战乱而入终南山修道,后入蜀,金堂道姑李真多授以<太乙刀圭火符诀>,于是钟离权对内丹造诣极深,著有<破迷正道歌>、<灵宝篇>、<指玄篇>、<肘后三成篇>等丹道炼养专著.吕洞宾拜他为师,五代内丹家陈朴亦在蜀中青城山受道于钟离权.     

色氨酸有益健康

色氨酸是人体所需的一种重要的氨基酸,对预防糙皮病、抑郁症,改善睡眠和增强自信心有着很重要的作用。预防糙皮病糙皮病是由于组织内缺少烟酸所致,最典型的症状是皮炎,常在肢体暴露部     

长春新碱过量引起严重毒副反应1例的护理体会

报道1例霍奇金淋巴瘤患者因误用长春新碱（VCR）10mg一次性静脉推注后治疗护理情况。其出现间断性神志恍惚、眼睑闭合不全、言语不清、口腔黏膜糜烂、全身疼痛、麻痹性肠梗阻、尿潴留、手足麻木等症状,经积极解救,禁食,持续胃肠减压、胃管内注入麻油、开塞露、生理盐水灌肠,合理应用肠外营养,注重疼痛、心理护理,做好口腔、肛周护理,预防感染加重,患者病情得到控制好转出院。     

Correlates of stages of change of smoking among inhabitants of deprived neighbourhoods

BACKGROUND: This study examines the prevalence and correlates of stages of change of smoking, in terms of psychosocial, structural and sociodemographic factors, among inhabitants of deprived neighbourhoods. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were obtained from a survey on health related behaviour. Subjects were 2009 current and former smokers, aged 20-46, living in deprived neighbourhoods in Rotterdam, the second largest city in the Netherlands. Three groups of smokers were formed according to the stages of change-definitions of the Transtheoretical Model: smokers not planning to quit (precontemplators), smokers planning to quit (contemplators/preparators) and former smokers (actors/maintainers). Smokers planning to quit and smokers not planning to quit were compared regarding psychosocial factors (attitude, social norm, self-efficacy), structural factors (neighbourhood problems, material deprivation, financial problems, employment status) and sociodemographic factors (age, gender, marital status, cultural background, educational level). Former smokers were compared with smokers planning to quit regarding structural and sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression was used to assess correlates of stages of change. RESULTS: Smokers planning to quit (prevalence = 19%) reported a more positive attitude, stronger social norms and higher self-efficacy expectations in quitting smoking than smokers not planning to quit (prevalence = 57%). Smokers planning to quit less often were Dutch-born, more often had attended higher vocational schooling or university and more often reported experiencing two or more neighbourhood problems compared to smokers not planning to quit. Former smokers (prevalence = 24%) were older, more often Dutch-born, married, employed and higher educated, compared to smokers planning to quit. Furthermore, former smokers less often reported material deprivation and financial problems than smokers planning to quit. CONCLUSION: Among people living in deprived neighbourhoods, different factors correlate with different stages of change of smoking. Implications for health promotion are discussed.     

Choice of measures of vaccination and estimates of risk of pediatric pertussis

BackgroundVaccination uptake at the individual level can be assessed in a variety of ways, including traditional measures of being up-to-date (UTD), measures of UTD that consider dose timing, like age-appropriate vaccination, and risk reduction from individual doses. This analysis compared methods of operationalizing vaccination uptake and corresponding risk of pertussis infection.MethodsCity-wide case-control study of children in Philadelphia aged 3 months through 6 years, between 2001 and 2013. Multiple logistic regression was used to isolate the independent effects of each measure of vaccination uptake and the corresponding relative odds of pertussis.ResultsBeing UTD on vaccinations was associated with a 52% reduction in risk of pertussis (OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.69). Evaluation of delayed receipt of vaccine versus on-time UTD yielded similar results. There was a decrease in risk of pertussis for each additional dose received with the greatest reduction in pertussis infection observed from the first (OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.83) and second dose (OR 0.17, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.34). Additional doses conferred minimal additional protection in this age group.ConclusionExamining vaccination status by individual doses may offer improved predictive capacity for identifying children at risk for pertussis infection compared to the traditional UTD measure.     

两种不同肌瘤剔除术治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效比较

目的:比较腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术与腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术的临床疗效。方法:回顾分析63例腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术与61例腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术的临床资料,比较2种手术方式的手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间、使用抗生素时间、术后感染率、体温恢复正常时间、住院时间等情况。结果:两组患者接受子宫肌瘤剔除术顺利完成,腹腔镜组手术时间长于开腹组(P0.05),腹腔镜组术中出血量及剔除肌瘤个数均少于开腹组(P0.05),术后腹腔镜组体温恢复正常时间、肛门排气时间、抗生素使用及住院时间均短于开腹组,两组患者最多随访6个月,腹腔镜组平均康复时间较开腹组短(P0.05),两组随访B超均未发现明显肌瘤结节。结论:腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术损伤小,恢复快,住院时间短,是值得推广的微创手术。     

上海市某医院骨科平均住院日影响因素分析

对上海市某医院2003年-2007年骨科出院病人的住院日描述性分析．2003年-2007年骨科的床位利用指数与平均住院日相关性分析．2003年-2007年骨科床位与医护比例分析．2007年骨科前10大病种平均住院目影响因素分别进行单因素相关性分析和多因素逐步回归分析（STATA软件）。通过对骨科10大病种住院日影响因素分析,术前等待天数、手术类型、是否输血分别对10个、9个和8个病种的住院目有影响。输血因素和手术类型是医院不可控、由病人的病情决定的,术前等待天数是管理因素,是最值得医院重视的影响因素。     

性发育异常发病机制的研究进展

正常的性腺分化可分为3个过程：原始性腺形成、性别决定和卵巢/睾丸发育。在任一环节中,基因表达或调控发生异常均有可能导致性发育异常疾病的发生。性发育异常是指染色体、性腺和解剖性别不典型。随着分子生物学技术的发展,不断地发现新的基因或信号通路参与性腺分化和发育,如SRY、SF1、WT1、Sox9等基因与睾丸发育密切相关,Wnt/Rspo1/B连环蛋白通路、Dax1、Foxl2等基因在卵巢分化中发挥着重要作用,一些非编码RNA和转化生长因子也有重要的调节功能,且睾丸和卵巢发育均为主动过程,即使在出生后因某些基因的改变两者间也可出现横向分化。这些为揭示性分化异常的发病机制提供了可能。     

尘肺病患者145例死因调查

目的分析汉中市尘肺病的发生、发展和死亡原因，以提高尘肺病患者的生存质量。方法对145例尘肺病患者的死因进行回顾性分析，计算其平均发病年龄、死亡年龄及患尘肺病后的存活年限。结果矽肺的平均发病年龄和死亡年龄均早于煤工尘肺和石棉肺，尘肺病的主要死因为患肺部疾患，患尘肺病后的平均存活年限为12a。结论加强职业健康体检工作，对尘肺病人做到早发现早治疗和预防并发症的发生。     

One-year stability of the Measure of Processes of Care

BACKGROUND: The Measure of Processes of Care (MPOC) is a 56-item self-administered measure designed to examine what parents of a child with a chronic health problem think of the services they and their child receive, and to measure the extent to which these services are family-centred. Reliability and validity of the MPOC were established in prior studies. The aim of the present study was to assess the 1-year stability of the MPOC to justify its use as an evaluative tool. METHODS: Nine paediatric rehabilitation centres in the Netherlands participated in this short longitudinal survey study. Subjects were 205 parents (response rate 74.8%) of children aged 1-18 years who received care in one of the participating paediatric rehabilitation centres. All subjects filled out two MPOCs with a 1-year interval. RESULTS: All correlations between the scale scores of the MPOC at the first and second administration were relatively high and significant (range: 0.443-0.609, all P < 0.001), demonstrating high inter-individual stability. However, all mean scale scores, except for Providing General Information, significantly reduced after 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: The MPOC has a moderate 1-year stability. However, because of its tendency to score lower when repeated after 1 year, its use as an evaluative follow-up instrument to assess the effectiveness of a programme intervention is restricted.     

儿童皮质发育畸形的MRI诊断

目的探讨儿童皮质发育畸形(MCD)的MRI表现特点,为MCD的早期诊断提供依据。 方法选择2010年1月至2012年12月在四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院放射科经MRI检查确诊为MCD的44例患儿为研究对象。回顾性分析及总结其MRI影像学特征。本研究遵循的程序符合四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,征得受试对象及其监护人知情同意,并与监护人签署临床研究知情同意书。 结果本组44例经MRI确诊为MCD患儿中,巨脑回-无脑回为17例,多小脑回为14例,灰质异位为9例,脑裂畸形为4例。MCD的MRI特点中,巨脑回表现为脑回增宽、皮质增厚及白质变薄;无脑回表现为正常脑沟、脑回消失,皮质增厚及白质变薄;多小脑回表现为脑回增多、细小;灰质异位表现为皮质下及侧脑室周围深部白质区结节状、团块状或带状病灶,信号与灰质信号相同;脑裂畸形表现为从侧脑室到脑表面贯穿大脑半球的裂隙,表面覆盖灰质。 结论MRI是诊断儿童MCD的可靠影像学方法。     

244株真菌鉴定结果分析

目的 了解某院2000～2001年各类真菌的检出率。方法 用酵母样真菌同化试验编码鉴定板TH-15进行编码鉴定。结果 真菌分离率为8．85％；244株真菌分为10种，其中以白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌较高，分别占真菌总数的75．41％和11．47％；检出真菌的主要标本是痰和阴道分泌物。结论 及时进行真菌培养，有利于合理使用抗菌药物和控制真菌感染。