骨髓间充质干细胞与壳聚糖复合修复关节软骨损伤

背景：创伤等导致的关节软骨缺损是国内外骨科界面临的难题,组织工程学技术为软骨缺损的修复提供了新方法。 目的：探讨壳聚糖-骨髓间充质干细胞复合材料修复兔膝关节软骨缺损的可行性。 方法：将培养的兔骨髓间充质干细胞种植到壳聚糖支架上体外构建壳聚糖-骨髓间充质干细胞复合材料,移植到兔关节软骨缺损处为实验组,不予以特殊处理为对照组。术后6,12周,大体观察以及甲苯胺蓝染色评定两组软骨组织修复情况。 结果与结论：术后6周,对照组仅有纤维组织增生,实验组关节软骨缺损处有软骨样组织生成。术后12周,对照组软骨缺损边缘可观察到少量类透明软骨组织,实验组缺损区完全覆盖有光滑、透明软骨组织。术后12 周,对照组甲苯胺蓝染色较淡,有少量软骨组织生成,实验组甲苯胺蓝染色较明显,缺损完全被透明软骨组织所覆盖,软骨细胞较多。结果表明兔骨髓间充质干细胞-壳聚糖支架复合材料能更好的引导软骨组织的生成,促进软骨缺损修复。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

脱钙骨基质与骨髓间充质干细胞共培养关节腔内的成软骨活性

背景：将骨髓间充质干细胞附着到支架材料上再植入关节软骨缺损处,细胞不但不消失,而且可形成新的软骨。 目的：观察同种异体脱钙骨基质与骨髓间充质干细胞共培养在关节内的成软骨活性。 方法：在54只青紫蓝兔单侧膝关节制作关节软骨全层缺损模型,随机分组：实验组在缺损处植入自体骨髓间充质干细胞与同种异体脱钙骨基质复合物,对照组缺损处仅植入同种异体脱钙骨基质,空白对照组未植入任何物质。 结果与结论：植入后12周,实验组缺损处修复组织呈软骨样,表面光滑平坦,与周围软骨整合的软骨细胞更为成熟,修复组织与软骨下骨结合牢固;修复组织的细胞为透明软骨样细胞,柱状排列,Ⅱ型胶原染色阳性,与周围软骨及软骨下骨整合良好,且实验组组织学评分优于对照组和空白对照组 (P < 0.01)。对照组缺损处修复组织呈纤维样,与周围软骨未结合,空白对照组缺损区无修复组织,两组均无Ⅱ型胶原染色阳性表达。表明同种异体脱钙骨基质与骨髓间充质干细胞共培养后植入膝关节可形成软骨样组织,有效修复关节软骨缺损。     

腺病毒携带骨形态发生蛋白14基因转染脂肪干细胞修复损伤关节软骨

背景：关节软骨损伤后自我修复能力较弱,主要是由于其缺乏滋养血管并且细胞代谢缓慢等组织特性,目前的治疗方法都不能恢复软骨组织的原有功能,近年来软骨组织工程已引起了越来越多的关注。 目的：观察Ⅰ型胶原海绵支架搭载骨形态发生蛋白14基因转染脂肪干细胞修复兔膝关节软骨损伤的效果。 方法：取兔皮下脂肪组织分离培养脂肪干细胞,用腺病毒真核表达载体Ad-CMV-BMP-14-IRES-hrGFP-1转染脂肪干细胞。Ⅰ型胶原海绵支架搭载转染后的脂肪干细胞,待细胞吸附后对兔膝关节全层软骨缺损进行修复。术后12周取手术关节,从大体方面、组织学方面综合评估缺损修复状况。 结果与结论：骨形态发生蛋白14转染后的脂肪干细胞骨形态发生蛋白14和Ⅱ型胶原蛋白表达及Sox-9基因表达明显高于普通脂肪干细胞。术后12周,支架搭载经骨形态发生蛋白14转染的脂肪干细胞组软骨组织修复良好,平整光滑,光洁度、质地及颜色良好,交界区整合良好。支架搭载脂肪干细胞组软骨组织部分修复,有正常软骨光泽,质地与颜色接近正常,修复组织与正常软骨组织界限明显。单纯支架组几乎崩解塌陷,未见透明样软骨结构形成。结果可见腺病毒携带骨形态发生蛋白14基因转染后脂肪干细胞修复软骨缺损的能力有大幅提升。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

多孔丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合脂肪间充质干细胞修复兔关节软骨及软骨下骨缺损

背景：丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石是细胞立体培养的良好支架,是临床常用的骨缺损修复材料,具有良好的生物相容性。脂肪干细胞具有向骨及软骨细胞分化的潜能,适合骨软骨缺损修复。 目的：观察转化生长因子β1和胰岛素样生长因子1联合成软骨诱导脂肪干细胞与丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合后修复兔关节软骨及软骨下骨缺损的效果。 方法：取新西兰大白兔56只,2只用于传代培养脂肪间充质干细胞,以3×109 L-1浓度接种到丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石。其余54只新西兰大白兔,在股骨髁间制备软骨缺损模型,随机分为细胞复合材料组、单纯材料组和空白对照组,细胞复合材料组植入复合脂肪间充质干细胞的丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石;单纯材料组植入丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石;空白对照组不作任何植入。从大体、影像学、组织学观察比较缺损的修复情况。 结果与结论：12周时大体观察、CT、磁共振和组织学检查细胞材料复合组软骨及软骨下骨缺损区完全被软骨组织修复,修复组织与周围软骨色泽相近,支架材料基本吸收,未见明显退变和白细胞浸润,所有标本均未见丝素蛋白残留。单纯材料组缺损区缩小、部分修复,且呈纤维软骨样修复。空白对照组缺损无明显修复。提示复合脂肪间充质干细胞的丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石修复兔关节软骨及软骨下骨缺损能力优于单纯丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石材料。丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合脂肪间充质干细胞可形成透明软骨修复动物膝关节全层软骨缺损,重建关节的解剖结构和功能,可作为新型骨软骨组织工程支架。     

基质金属蛋白酶和胶原在创伤关节软骨组织中的表达

背景：研究发现,基质金属蛋白酶和胶原参与关节软骨组织机体生理重建及病理破坏。 目的：观察膝关节骨软骨缺损及表面软骨缺损动物模型关节软骨组织中胶原及基质金属蛋白酶的表达变化。 方法：雌性SD大鼠48只随机分为3组：骨软骨缺损组在双膝关节制作骨软骨缺损模型,表面缺损组在双膝关节制作表面软骨缺损,对照组双膝关节制作关节囊切开。分别于术后4、8、12周取股骨髁标本,行苏木精-伊红染色,免疫组化检测Ⅰ型胶原、Ⅱ型胶原、基质金属蛋白酶3的表达。 结果与结论：骨软骨缺损组术后4周缺损中有少量新生组织生成,8及12周可见到纤维组织填充,修复组织细胞外基质Ⅰ型胶原免疫组化染色阳性,Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色阴性,关节软骨组织中基质金属蛋白酶3表达增高。表面缺损组表面软骨缺损4及8周未见修复迹象,12周可见微量纤维组织填充,细胞外基质Ⅰ型胶原免疫组化染色阳性,Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色阴性,术后表面缺损组关节软骨组织基质金属蛋白酶3表达增高。对照组关节软骨组织Ⅰ型胶原免疫组化染色阴性,Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色阳性,基质金属蛋白酶3低表达,无形态学异常改变。说明机械性损伤可以导致关节软骨细胞外基质成分发生改变,丧失其原有的生物学特性而退变,基质金属蛋白酶3在损伤后的软骨组织中表达增高,使细胞外基质的降解增加,是导致关节软骨退变的重要因素。     

自体脂肪间充质干细胞复合人脐带Wharton胶支架修复兔膝关节软骨缺损****◇

背景：脐带Wharton胶富含透明质酸,糖胺多糖及胶原等,成分与天然软骨细胞外基质类似,因此由人脐带提取的Wharton胶很可能是一种较为理想的软骨组织工程支架材料。 目的：评价自体脂肪间充质干细胞复合人脐带Wharton胶支架修复兔膝关节软骨缺损的效果。 方法：将终浓度为1010 L -1、成软骨方向诱导后的兔自体脂肪间充质干细胞与人脐带Wharton胶支架复合,继续培养1周构建组织工程软骨,对兔膝关节全层软骨缺损进行修复(实验组),并与单纯支架修复的对照组及空白组进行比较。术后3个月对修复组织行大体观察、组织学检测、糖胺多糖、总胶原定量检测及生物力学测定。 结果与结论：实验组的缺损多为透明软骨修复,对照组以纤维组织修复为主,空白组无明显组织修复。提示脂肪间充质干细胞作为软骨组织工程种子细胞具有可行性;实验构建的组织工程软骨能有效的修复关节软骨缺损,人脐带Wharton胶可作为软骨组织工程良好的支架材料。     

聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶修复膝关节软骨缺损的组织相容性

背景：将羟基磷灰石与聚乙烯醇水凝胶复合之后应用于软骨缺损修复中,可在软骨连接部位产生良好的生物活性,有效促进骨细胞的生长,提高植入材料的稳定性和生物活性。 目的：观察聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶修复兔膝关节软骨缺损的组织相容性。 方法：取20只新西兰大白兔,随机分为空白对照组(n=6)与实验组(n=14),构建单侧膝关节软骨缺损模型,空白对照组不予以修复,实验组予以聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶修复。术后4,8,12周获取膝关节标本进行大体观察及组织学观察。 结果与结论：空白对照组关节软骨面在术后12周内始终未得到修复,软骨下缺损存在肉芽组织充填现象,组织学也未见明显修复。实验组术后4周可见聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶填充于缺损处,与周围软骨组织之间连接紧密,且存在清晰的界限,未出现细胞长入情况;至12周时,聚乙烯醇/羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶呈白色、半透明状,表面平坦,与周围软骨组织之间存在清晰界限,两者交界面存在软骨细胞大量增殖现象,与周围组织发生紧密结合,二者之间无间隙,底部与软骨下骨紧密连接,并存在骨样组织长入。表明聚乙烯醇羟基磷灰石复合水凝胶修复兔膝关节软骨缺损具有良好的组织相容性。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程     

骨髓间充质干细胞复合多肽凝胶及成软骨生成因子修复兔关节软骨缺损

背景：多肽水凝胶因为其具有良好的可塑型性,能够与损伤部位很好的无缝隙结合,所以采用该材料作为支架是骨、软骨组织工程中一种可行的探索。 目的：骨髓间充质干细胞联合新型可注射多肽凝胶及成软骨生成因子修复兔关节软骨缺损,观察其修复效果。 方法：首先分离培养兔骨髓间充质干细胞,兔左侧膝关节处制备直径5 mm,深3 mm的全层骨-软骨缺损模型;右侧造模后空置作为对照。实验分为3组,单纯自组装多肽凝胶移植组,自组装多肽凝胶+成软骨因子组和自组装多肽凝胶+成软骨因子+骨髓间充质干细胞组。采用的成软骨因子包括转化生长因子β1,地塞米松和胰岛素样生长因子1,三者混合后加入到自组装多肽凝胶或骨髓间充质干细胞中。于处理后12周时处死动物行大体及组织学观察、X射线摄片、免疫组织化学法进行组织学评分评估修复情况。 结果与结论：单纯自组装多肽凝胶移植在12周后显示出非常好的修复效果,可见番红O染色,Ⅱ型胶原蛋白免疫组织化学染色强度以及组织学评分明显高于其他组(P < 0.05)。自组装多肽凝胶+成软骨因子组修复效果较好,与自组装多肽凝胶组相似,但其修复区域蛋白聚糖表达比对照组明显升高(P < 0.01)。自组装多肽凝胶+成软骨因子+骨髓间充质干细胞组修复效果不佳,12周未能完全修复缺损区域,与单纯自组装多肽凝胶组比较骨赘的形成有所增加。结果表明,单纯自组装多肽凝胶能够在原位修复骨软骨缺损并促进软骨修复,提示以自组装多肽凝胶支架移植有望提高目前修复软骨缺损的效果。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程全文链接：     

丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石材料复合骨髓间充质干细胞构建组织工程化软骨

背景：随着组织工程的兴起,软骨损伤的修复可能性显著地提高,但单一的支架材料均不能符合理想支架,有一定的局限性。 目的：观察骨髓间充质干细胞复合丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石构建组织工程化软骨的可行性。 方法：体外分离培养骨髓间充质干细胞,并定向诱导成软骨细胞,与丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合培养,构建膝关节胫骨平台全层关节软骨缺损。54只大白兔单侧膝关节全层软骨缺损模型后随机抽签法分为3组,复合组植入细胞-丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合物;材料组植入单纯丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石,对照组不行任何植入。植入后8,12周CT检查及组织学检查观察软骨缺损修复情况。 结果与结论：植入后8周,复合组关节面不平整,关节间隙增大,形成新生类软骨细胞,基质丰富。材料组关节面塌陷,软骨细胞少量增殖。植入后12周,复合组关节面平整,关节间隙如常。大量软骨细胞出现,与周边软骨色泽一样,支架材料完全降解。材料组关节面不平整,软骨细胞不完全充填,支架材料部分降解。对照组未见修复。提示用骨髓间充质干细胞复合丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石可形成透明软骨修复动物膝关节全层软骨缺损,显示了丝素蛋白/羟基磷灰石材料作为关节软骨组织工程支架材料的良好生物相容性。     

壳聚糖-胶原凝胶复合骨髓间充质干细胞修复兔关节软骨缺损的组织学变化

背景:大块软骨损伤目前临床上尚无方法治疗,干细胞技术出现后为解决这一难题提供了理论支持。采用新型的支架材料"壳聚糖-胶原蛋白"结合干细胞诱导分化移植给动物模型是一种较新的尝试。目的:观察壳聚糖-胶原凝胶复合骨髓间充质干细胞修复兔关节软骨缺损的组织学变化。方法:体外培养扩增兔骨髓间充质干细胞。采用软骨诱导分化培养基对P2代细胞进行成软骨诱导。同时制备"壳聚糖-胶原蛋白"支架和兔关节软骨缺损模型。缺损用含有骨髓间充质干细胞的壳聚糖-胶原凝胶填充,另一条关节用没有细胞的支架或不做处理。其中12个关节作为实验组(接受骨髓间充质干细胞+支架),8个关节作为空白对照组(不做处理),8个关节作为单纯支架组(未植入细胞)。造模后于2,4,8,16周进行组织学评分并处死动物行组织学染色。结果与结论:造模后16周移植的细胞一致分化为软骨细胞,大部分软骨缺损区被新生软骨修复,组织学评分实验组关节修复良好。提示应用骨髓间充质干细胞结合"壳聚糖-胶原蛋白"复合物可以修复关节软骨缺损。     

Effects of basic fibroblast growth factor on the repair of large osteochondral defects of articular cartilage in rabbits: dose-response effects and long-term outcomes

Articular cartilage possesses a limited capacity for self-renewal. The regenerated tissue often resembles fibrocartilage-like tissue rather than hyaline cartilage, and degeneration of the articular surface eventually occurs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the healing of full-thickness articular cartilage defects. bFGF (0, 10, 50, 100, 250, 500, or 1000 ng) was mixed with collagen gel and implanted into full-thickness articular cartilage defects drilled into rabbit knees. The repaired tissue was examined grossly and histologically, and was evaluated with the use of a grading scale at 4, 12, 24, and 50 weeks. At 4 weeks, treatment with 100 ng of bFGF had greatly stimulated cartilage repair both grossly and histologically in comparison with untreated defects (those filled with plain collagen gel). The average total scores on the histological grading scale were significantly better for the defects treated with bFGF than for the untreated defects. These improvements were evident as long as 50 weeks postoperatively, although slight deterioration was noted in the repaired cartilage. Immunohistochemical staining for type II collagen showed that this cartilage-specific collagen was diffusely distributed in the repaired tissue at 50 weeks. These findings suggest that bFGF may be a practical and important candidate for use in cartilage repair.     

Repair of articular cartilage defect by cell transplantation

Full-thickness articular cartilage defects are a major clinical problem; however, at present there is no treatment that is widely accepted to regeneratively repair these lesions. The current therapeutic approach is to drill or abrade the base of the defect to expose the bone marrow with its cells and growth factors. This usually results in a repaired tissue of fibrocartilage that functions poorly in the loaded joint environment. Recently, autologous cultured chondrocyte transplantation and mosaic plasty were explored. We can repair small articular cartilage defects using these methods, although their effectiveness is still controversial. We have reported that transplantation of allogeneic chondrocytes embedded in collagen gels or allogeneic chondrocytes cultured in collagen gels could repair articular cartilage defect in a rabbit model. We also reported that autologous culture-expanded bone marrow mesenchymal cell transplantation could repair articular cartilage defect in a rabbit model. This procedure offers expedient clinical use, given that autologous bone marrow cells are easily obtained and can be culture-expanded. We transplanted autologous culture-expanded bone marrow cells into the cartilage defect of the osteoarthritic knee joint on 11 patients at the time of high tibial osteotomy. As early as 6.8 weeks after transplantation, the defect was covered with white soft tissue, in which slight metachromasia was histologically observed. Thirty-three weeks after transplantation, the repaired tissue had hardened. Histologically, repaired tissues showed stronger metachromasia and a partial hyaline cartilage-like appearance. This procedure may prove a promising method by which to repair articular cartilage defects.     

Evaluation of three-dimensional scaffolds prepared from poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) for growth of allogeneic chondrocytes for cartilage repair in rabbits

Articular cartilage repair using tissue engineering approach generally requires the use of an appropriate scaffold architecture that can support the formation of cartilage tissue. In this investigation, the potential of three-dimensional scaffolds made of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) was evaluated in rabbit articular cartilage defect model. Engineered PHBHHx cartilage constructs inoculated in vitro with rabbit chondrocytes for 30 days were examined. Subsequently the constructs inoculated with chondrocytes for 10 days were selected for transplantation into rabbits. After 16 weeks of in vivo implantation, both the engineered cartilage constructs and the bare scaffolds were found to be filled the defects with white cartilaginous tissue, with the engineered constructs showing histologically good subchondral bone connection and better surrounding cartilage infusion. Owing to pre-seeded chondrocytes in the PHBHHx scaffolds, better surface integrality and more accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) including type II collagen and sGAG were achieved in the engineered cartilage constructs. The repaired tissues possessed an average compressive modulus of 1.58MPa. For comparison, the defects without repair treatments still showed defects with fibrous tissues. These results demonstrated that PHBHHx is a useful material for cartilage tissue engineering.     

The promotion of cartilage defect repair using adenovirus mediated Sox9 gene transfer of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Although Sox9 is essential for chondrogenic differentiation and matrix production, its application in cartilage tissue engineering has been rarely reported. In this study, the chondrogenic effect of Sox9 on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro and its application in articular cartilage repair in vivo were evaluated. Rabbit BMSCs were transduced with adenoviral vector containing Sox9. Toluidine blue, safranin O staining and real-time PCR were performed to check chondrogenic differentiation. The results showed that Sox9 could induce chondrogenesis of BMSCs both in monolayer and on PGA scaffold effectively. The rabbit model with full-thickness cartilage defects was established and then repaired by PGA scaffold and rabbit BMSCs with or without Sox9 transduction. HE, safranin O staining and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the repair of defects by the complex. Better repair, including more newly-formed cartilage tissue and hyaline cartilage-specific extracellular matrix and greater expression of several chondrogenesis marker genes were observed in PGA scaffold and BMSCs with Sox9 transduction, compared to that without transduction. Our findings defined the important role of Sox9 in the repair of cartilage defects in vivo and provided evidence that Sox9 had the potential and advantage in the application of tissue engineering.     

Ⅱ型胶原水凝胶-细胞复合物在软骨损伤中的应用

BACKGROUND: As the main component of articular cartilage, type II collagen can induce bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into the cartilage. However, there is no uniform standard for the preparation of type II collagen hydrogel and its usage in the repair of sports-induced cartilage injury. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of type II collagen hydrogel-cell complexes in the repair of cartilage injury. METHODS: After modeling, 30 New Zealand rabbits with cartilage injury were randomized into two groups (n=15 per group): type II collagen hydrogel-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell complexes were implanted into the injured site of rabbits in experimental group, while only type II collagen hydrogel implanted in control group. Histomorphology observation was performed by hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue staining after 4 and 8 weeks after implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the experimental group, there were inflammatory cells infiltrated at the injured site, most of which were macrophages and only a small amount of which were neutrophils under hematoxylin-eosin staining, at 4 weeks after implantation, while toluidine blue staining showed no positive. At 8 weeks after implantation, a large amount of chondrocytes proliferated at the injured site that was repaired by chondroblasts and myotubes as well as new vessels under hematoxylin-eosin staining, and toluidine blue staining showed the injured tissues were similar to normal tissues. In the control group, at 4 weeks after implantation, obvious interstitial edema existed, whereas skeletal muscle cells disappeared around the injured site, and a lot of inflammatory cells infiltrated. Several chondroblasts formed at 8 weeks, accompanied by increased fibrous tissues. Moreover, toluidine blue staining always showed no positive in the control group. To conclude, the type II collagen hydrogel-cell complex has better chondrogenic ability that can be used for cartilage repair.     

Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原膜联合自体骨髓间充质干细胞修复兔膝关节软骨缺损

背景：研究表明Ⅰ型胶原和Ⅲ型胶原都有利于骨髓间充质干细胞的黏附、增殖和分化。 目的：观察Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原膜联合自体骨髓间充质干细胞修复兔膝关节软骨缺损的可行性。 方法：取24只新西兰大白兔制作双膝股骨滑车直径3.8 mm、深2 mm关节软骨缺损模型,分为2组：实验组缺损区植入Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原膜-自体骨髓间充质干细胞复合物,对照组缺损区植入单纯Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原膜。 结果与结论：膝关节股骨标本组织学染色显示,实验组植入8周时为类透明软骨修复,12周时接近于正常软骨;对照组植入8周时以纤维样组织修复为主,12周时为纤维软骨修复。实验组植入后8,12周组织学评分均明显高于对照组(P < 0.001)。表明运用Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原膜-自体骨髓间充质干细胞复合物可修复关节软骨缺损。     

两种可注射Pluronic F-127水凝胶复合物修复兔软骨缺损的效果差异

文题释义：Pluronic F-127：是一种聚氧化乙烯-聚氧化丙烯-聚氧化乙烯三嵌段共聚物,具有在低温下为液态、常温下为固态的特性,为温固化水凝胶,具有良好的生物相容性与生物可降解性。作为组织工程中的细胞支架,Pluronic F-127已被广泛应用于软骨与皮肤等的构建。 SOX9基因：在性别决定与分化过程中具有重要的作用,在胚胎发育过程中参与骨的形成,同时其也参与神经系统与胰腺的发育及肿瘤的发生。在骨骼形成过程中,SOX9通过与 DNA 特定区域结合促进间充质细胞的聚集：首先是在软骨前体细胞中,随后是在分化中的或成熟的前体细胞中表达,维持软骨细胞增殖,抑制其向肥大软骨细胞分化,因此SOX9在软骨形成过程中起着十分重要的作用。 背景：预实验显示,SOX9基因转染的骨髓间充质干细胞可在Pluronic F-127水凝胶内良好的生长与增殖,促进细胞外基质的分泌,增加软骨基质的表达。 目的：利用慢病毒基因诱导方式将SOX9基因转导至骨髓间充质干细胞中,将其与可注射Pluronic F-127水凝胶复合,观察Pluronic F-127水凝胶复合物修复软骨缺损的效果。 方法：利用慢病毒基因诱导方式将SOX9基因转导至骨髓间充质干细胞中,转染48 h后与Pluronic F-127水凝胶复合。取60只新西兰大白兔(武汉科技大学实验动物中心提供),建立右侧膝关节股骨髁软骨缺损模型,随机分3组处理：模型组缺损部位未植入任何材料,对照组植入未转染的骨髓间充质干细胞与Pluronic F-127水凝胶复合物,实验组植入SOX9基因转染的骨髓间充质干细胞与Pluronic F-127水凝胶复合物。术后4,12周取缺损部位组织,分别进行Micro-CT三维重建、苏木精-伊红染色、番红O染色、Ⅱ型胶原免疫组织化学染色与Wakitani软组织损伤修复组织学评分。实验获得武汉科技大学伦理委员会批准。 结果与结论：①术后12周Micro-CT三维重建显示,模型组缺损区域未见明显的修复,中央仍有较大的凹陷;对照组可见明显的修复,中央凹陷区域明显减小,可见较多的再生骨小梁结构;实验组缺损部位基本完成修复;②术后12周苏木精-伊红染色显示,模型组缺损区仍未见骨小梁结构,细胞分布紊乱,未见软骨陷窝;对照组可见较多的骨组织重建,缺损区域主要由软骨样组织与纤维组织填充;实验组骨组织重建较充分,缺损区域主要由软骨样细胞与软骨样细胞外基质填充,细胞呈柱状排列,与周围软骨相似;③术后12周番红O染色与Ⅱ型胶原免疫组织化学染色显示,模型组可见少量糖胺多糖表达,未见Ⅱ型胶原表达;对照组可见较多的糖胺多糖与Ⅱ型胶原表达,实验组糖胺多糖与Ⅱ型胶原表达最多;④实验组Wakitani软组织损伤修复组织学评分高于对照组与模型组(P < 0.05);⑤结果表明,负载SOX9基因转染骨髓间充质干细胞的Pluronic F-127水凝胶复合物可促进软骨缺损的修复。 ORCID: 0000-0002-9648-5297(樊薰勤) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程