肝素锂抗凝血浆用于常规生化检验的评估

目的 探讨肝素锂抗凝血浆能否替代血清用于常规生化检测.方法 每天随机抽取8位门诊病人静脉血,连续5天,分别注入红色真空采集管和肝素锂抗凝管中,在同一生化仪上对41项生化指标进行检测,并对结果进行统计学分析.结果 41项测定指标中除脂蛋白(a)等8项指标外,其余各项目的相关系数(r)均≥0.975.41项指标中血浆与血清有5项指标的平均偏倚＞1/2卫生部临床检验中心制定的质量目标.血浆中有7项指标检测结果与其血清检测结果相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),平均偏倚均较大;其余29项指标血浆测定值与血清测定值之间差异均＜1/2卫生部临床检验中心制定的质量目标.结论 29项生化检验项目可用肝索锂抗凝血浆代替血清.HBDH、LDH、CK、CK-MB、IgM等部分项目应用血清样本进行测定为宜.     

肝素锂抗凝血用于门急诊临床化学检验的可行性评价

目的 探讨肝素锂抗凝血用于门急诊临床生化检验的可行性。方法 采集40例门急诊患者静脉血液标本，每一患者标本分别置普通干燥真空管、肝素锂真空管和肝素钠真空管3种不同的标本收集管内，用Roche ModularPE全自动生化分析仪，测定26项常规生化项目。结果 26项项目中除钾（K^＋）、钠（Na^＋）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）血清、肝素锂、肝素钠抗凝血浆测定值差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05～0．001）外，其余指标差异均无统计学意义。结论 除K^＋、Na^＋、LDH外，肝素锂抗凝血浆可用于其他门急诊临床生化项目的检测。     

肝素锂、EDTA-K_2抗凝剂对生化检测影响的调查与分析

目的探讨肝素锂与EDTA-K2抗凝血浆对生化检测指标的影响,以期在临床上采用血浆代替血清进行生化检测。方法将同一血液样品放置于无抗凝剂的采血管、肝素锂抗凝管和EDTA-K2抗凝管,在同一时间内用全自动生化分析仪进行检测,并对检测结果进比较分析。结果 16项肝素锂、EDTA-K2抗凝血浆与血清样品比较差异无统计学意义（r2〉0.800、P〉0.05）;11项肝素锂抗凝血浆与血清比较差异无统计学意义（r2〉0.800、P〉0.05）;4项肝素锂抗凝血浆与血清比较差异有统计学意义（r2〉0.800、P〈0.05）,检测以上指标时可用肝素锂抗凝血浆代替血清。3项肝素锂与EDTA-K2抗凝血浆与血清相关性差（r2〈0.800）。结论大多数指标可以用肝素锂抗凝血浆代替血清,部分亦可用EDTA-K2抗凝血浆代替血清,但是需要建立相应的回归关系或者血浆参考体系,少数样品不宜用血浆代替血清或者只能采用血浆进行检测。临床检测用血浆代替血清,在提高检测效率以及避免患者多次多量采血等方面具有重要意义。     

干化学法检测肝素抗凝血浆与血清生化指标的比较研究

目的探讨干化学法检测肝素抗凝血浆用于急诊生化检验的可行性。方法采用Vitros5600全自动干化学生化分析仪分别检测200例急诊患者的肝素抗凝血浆与血清标本的23项急诊常规生化指标,并通过统计学分析及差异分析时检测结果进行比较。结果血清与血浆检测结果比较,23项指标中钾、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、γ-谷氨酰转移酶、总蛋白、清蛋白、肌酐、钙、磷、镁、乳酸脱氢酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、脂肪酶12项检测结果差异有统计学意义;但经临床可接受性分析发现,仅ALT、AST2项血清与血浆检测结果差异为临床不可接受,其余10个项目差异均小于1／2CLIA’88允许误差,其差异为临床可接受。结论肝素抗凝血浆可代替血清用于急诊干化学法检测多项指标,且具有快速分离血浆,无凝块等优点,更符合急诊临床需求,而ALT、AST2项应用肝素抗凝血浆进行干化学检测时需重新建立血浆参考范围。     

肝素锂抗凝血浆与蛇毒促凝血清在罗氏模块中的应用比较

目的探讨真空肝素锂抗凝血浆标本代替血清应用于临床化学常用指标测定的可行性。方法随机收集43例血浆和血清标本，在罗氏诊断模块及其配套系统中同时进行36项临床化学指标的分组配对测定及部分标本的前后比较测定，结果经t检验及线性回归分析。结果真空肝素锂管抗凝血浆标本与血清标本之间有部分临床化学指标测定结果差异有统计学意义，包括TP、Alb、ALP、LDH、HBDH、CK、T-Amy、P-Amy、Glu、P、Lp（a）、AST、K^＋（以上P〈0．01）、Urea、HCO3、CK—MB、Fe、GGT、ApoA、HDL（以上P〈0．05）等20项，但除CK—MB和Lp（a）外绝大多数项目具有较高的相关性（r〉0．800），并且差异的变异程度符合相关标准，没有临床实用价值；TBil、Glu、HCO3、K、Fe、AST、CK、TP、ApoA、HDL、UA等前后对比有显著差异，P〈0．05。结论肝素锂抗凝血浆可应用于除CK—MB的Lp（a）外的临床化学常规指标检测，且有利于减少放置过程中的成分改变；部分有显著差异的指标应在临床使用先给予校正，尤其是LDH、HBDH、T—Amy、P—Amy、P等。     

用肝素锂抗凝血浆替代血清做临床生化检验

目的 探讨临床生化检验用肝素锂抗凝血浆代替血清的可行性.方法 随机采集40例门诊就诊者的静脉血标本各4ml,并分注入普通试管及肝素锂抗凝管中各2ml,把分离后的血清和血浆用OLYMPUS AU2700自动生化分析仪器对常规生化项目进行检测,并对结果进行统计学分析.结果 ALT、AST、GGT、ALP、AMY、CHE、CK、CK-MB、ADA、LDH; TBil、DBil、TBA、CHO、TG、ApoA、ApoB、UR、CR、UA、TCa、Mg++、P+++、Na+、CL-、β2-MG、ALB、PA、CO2等29个项目肝素锂抗凝血浆与血清比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); GLU和TP的结果显示血浆略高于血清(P＜0.05),K+的结果血浆明显低于血清有显著性差异(P＜0.01);统计分析发现TP、K+结果可以在做校正后发出报告.结论 肝素锂抗凝血浆可以代替血清进行临床常规的生化检验.     

不同血液样本在生化项目检测中的结果比较

目的比较血清样本、不同抗凝血浆在常规生化项目检测中的结果差异。方法对50例体检者的5种不同血液样本(血清、肝素锂血浆、枸橼酸钠血浆、乙二胺四乙酸二钾(EDTA-K2)血浆、HMF血浆)在相同测量条件下测定15项生化指标。结果与血清组比较:肝素锂血浆组碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、清蛋白(ALB)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的检测结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)的检测结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);EDTA-K2血浆组除高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、肌酐(Cr),5-羟甲基糖酫(HMF)血浆组除LDH-C的检测结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余各抗凝血浆组生化项目的检测结果均与血清组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不同的血液标本对常规生化项目的检测几乎都具有显著性的差异,应根据WHO建议选用适宜的标本类型进行分别检测。     

肝素锂抗凝血用于门急诊临床化学检验的可行性评价

目的探讨肝素锂抗凝血用于门急诊临床生化检验的可行性。方法采集40例门急诊患者静脉血液标本,每一患者标本分别置普通干燥真空管、肝素锂真空管和肝素钠真空管3种不同的标本收集管内,用Roche Modu larPE全自动生化分析仪,测定26项常规生化项目。结果26项项目中除钾(K )、钠(Na )、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)血清、肝素锂、肝素钠抗凝血浆测定值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05~0.001)外,其余指标差异均无统计学意义。结论除K 、Na 、LDH外,肝素锂抗凝血浆可用于其他门急诊临床生化项目的检测。     

肝素抗凝血浆用于急诊生化检验的探讨

目的：探讨肝素抗凝血浆用于急诊生化检验的可行性，方法：采用M644电解质分析仪和VITROS DTSC60干式生化仪，测定40例病人的血清和肝素抗凝血浆9项急诊生化项目。结果：血清和血浆中氯，葡萄糖，尿素，肌酐，肌酸激酶，胆碱酯酶，淀粉酶结果基本一致，钠稍有差异（P＜0．05），而钾存在明显差异（P＜0．01），血清钾浓度（Y）与血浆钾浓度（X）的回归方程为Y＝1．008X＋0．22,r=0.998，结论：肝素抗凝血浆适合于检验上述9项生化急诊项目，可快速报告结果，但需注意钾离子在血浆和血清中存在恒定浓度差（约0．23mmol/L)，应于以纠正。     

血清与肝素锂抗凝血浆急诊生化项目的结果比较

目的探讨肝素锂抗凝血浆用于急诊生化检验的可行性,弄清血清与血浆结果之间的差异。方法在相同条件下采用美国雅培公司生产的Aeroset全自动生化分析仪对血清与肝素锂抗凝血浆14项常规急诊项目的检测结果进行对比分析。结果血清与肝素锂抗凝血浆中谷草转氨酶、尿素、淀粉酶、葡萄糖、二氧化碳总量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),胆碱酯酶、肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶、钾、钠、氯、钙、肌酐、尿酸差异有统计学意义(P<0.01~0.05),血清钾(Y)和血浆钾(X)的回归方程为Y=0.972X 0.16,r=0.924。结论肝素锂抗凝血浆适合于检验结果无显著差异的急诊项目,钾可通过回归方程校正后报告结果,对于差异显著的项目不能用血浆代替血清,报告时应注明并建立本实验室的参考值范围。     

不同抗凝剂对5种特定蛋白检测结果的影响

目的观察常见的4种血样采集管对C3、C4、IgA、IgG、IgM这5项生化项目检测结果的影响,探讨能否用抗凝血浆替代血清用于生化检测。方法对43名体检人员的静脉血管,连续用乙二胺四乙酸二钾(EDTA-K_2)抗凝管、肝素锂抗凝管、普通血清管、枸橼酸钠抗凝管各抽取一管血液,经混匀、离心分离后提取血清或血浆在仪器上同时用C3、C4、IgA、IgG、IgM试剂盒进行测定。结果在相同条件下,5个项目中肝素锂抗凝管与普通血清管比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),枸橼酸钠抗凝管与用普通血清管的结果比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),EDTA-K_2抗凝管与用普通血清管的结果比较,IgA、IgM、IgG差异无统计学意义(P0.05),C3、C4差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 IgA、IgM、IgG生化检验项目可用肝素锂抗凝血浆和EDTAK2血浆代替血清,C3和C4生化检验项目可用肝素锂抗凝血浆代替血清,但C4应建立血浆参考区间。     

生化检验分析中肝素钠抗凝血浆应用的可行性分析

目的对生化检验分析中肝素钠抗凝血浆应用的可行性进行研究分析。方法对肝素钠抗凝血浆以及血清的10项生化项目的测定结果作相关比较,并提出对应的处理方法,选择20例本院门诊的患者,按照常规的方法抽取静脉血液4mL,各取一半分别注入2支不同的试管。其中一支试管不做抗凝处理,放置于37℃并水浴30min,然后通过离心分离出血清;另一试管含肝素钠抗凝剂,在加血之后立刻进行离心分离出血浆。钾(K+)、钙(Ca2+)、钠(Na+)、氯(Cl-)、镁(Mg2+)、葡萄糖(Glu)、血尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),以上10个项目指标均使用日立7080型的全自动分析仪来进行测定,并对结果进行记录。结果血清和血浆中Cl-、Ca2+、Mg2+、BUN、Cr、ALT、AST的检验结果基本一致;钠和葡萄糖差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与钾差异也有统计学意义(P<0.01),血清钾浓度(Y)与血浆钾浓度(X)的回归方程为Y=0.715 X+0.499,r=0.749。结果清晰地表明了血清跟血浆中的K+、Glu、Na+测定值差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而其它的项目指标之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用肝素钠抗凝血浆进行生化检验分析,只要纠正了钾的差异或者可以考虑建立一个血浆钾参考值的范围即可迅速,准确地报告出结果,为协助临床医生的及时合理用药提供了技术保障。     

Osteocalcin concentrations in plasma prepared with different anticoagulants

We investigated the effects on plasma osteocalcin concentrations of different anticoagulants used to collect the blood samples. Plasma osteocalcin concentrations measured by enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay are influenced by the nature of the anticoagulants used. The most significant difference between concentrations found in plasma and serum was seen with oxalate/fluoride anticoagulant, which reduced osteocalcin concentrations to 37.3% of serum values. This is probably related to increased hemolysis with this anticoagulant compared with osteocalcin concentrations in plasma prepared with other anticoagulants. Samples prepared with sodium citrate (0.105 mol/L) or lithium heparin gave values 92.4% and 83.6% of those obtained with matched serum samples. Osteocalcin concentrations were relatively stable in plasma and serum at -20 degrees C for two freeze/thaw cycles. In blood from 100 patients there was a good correlation between osteocalcin concentrations in serum and plasma (lithium heparin) (r2 = 0.831); the slope and intercept (+/- SE) were 0.924 +/- 0.04 and 4.92 +/- 1.25 micrograms/L, respectively. However, in 10 patients, serum osteocalcin concentrations were two- to threefold higher than those in matched plasma samples.     

强生Vitros 950血清葡萄糖、尿素氮检测系统精密度评价

目的评价强生Vitros950全自动干生化分析仪血清葡萄糖、尿素氮检测系统的精密度。方法选择两个具有医学决定水平的人混合血清作为实验样品,每天分两批检测,每个样品重复测定两次,连续操作20d,认真记录实验数据,计算批内不精密度（Sur）、批间不精密度（Srr）、日间不精密度（Sdd）和总不精密度（ST）,并将Sur、Srr与1／4 CLIA’88进行比较,Sdd、ST与1／3CLIA’88进行比较。结果葡萄糖、尿素氮两个浓度的Sur、Srr〈1／4 CLIA’88,Sdd、ST〈1／3CLIA’88。结论强生Vitros950全自动干生化分析仪血清葡萄糖、尿素氮检测系统具有良好的精密度,能满足临床的要求。     

不同标本类型对临床生化项目结果的影响

目的 采用肝素抗凝血浆与血清不同类型的样本进行生化指标检测,研究结果的差异性.方法 采用Olympus 640全自动生化分析仪检测1 025例患者的肝素抗凝血浆与血清样本的生化指标的结果进行比较分析.结果 与不含促凝剂的血清比较,肝素抗凝血浆20项指标中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、抗链球菌溶血素O...     

Influence of sample matrix and storage on BNP measurement on the Bayer Advia Centaur

The assessment and management of congestive heart failure relies increasingly on the measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). However, the effective contribution of this biochemical test in the clinical decision making is influenced by reliability of the measure, which also depends on several preanalytical issues. Since there is controversy on the influence of the matrix and the storage conditions on BNP measurement, we compared results of BNP in serum, K2 ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) plasma and lithium heparin plasma fresh samples and in matching samples stored at -20 and -80 degrees C for 1 week. BNP measured on the Bayer Advia Centaur was systematically underestimated in heparin plasma (-47%) and serum (-62%) when compared to K2 EDTA plasma. According to the established 100 ng/L cutoff value, 25% and 37% of the fresh samples collected in heparin plasma or serum were misclassified from the reference K2 EDTA fresh specimen, respectively. When compared to the fresh specimens, the mean and interindividual bias observed for samples stored at either -20 degrees C or -80 degrees C was, overall, modest for K2 EDTA plasma (-2%) and heparin plasma (+6% and -4%, respectively), though it appeared clinically meaningful in serum (+47% and +28%, respectively). Although we can not rule out that other BNP assays using different antibodies may be not affected from degradation during storage to the same extent, results of our investigation demonstrate that K2 EDTA plasma is the most suitable specimens for BNP testing on fresh and frozen samples stored at either -20 degrees C or -80 degrees C for up to 1 week.     

The effect of heparin in vitro on human plasm post-heparin lipolytic activity.

Human plasma post-heparin lipolytic activity was reduced when collected in tubes containing lithium heparin as compared with samples collected in lithium sequestrene. The addition of heparin in vitro to samples abolished the inhibitory effect of protamine sulphate on plasma post-heparin lipolytic activity. It is suggested that heparin should not be used as an anticoagulant for the collection of samples for assay of post-heparin lipolytic activity.     

Insights into thymic purine metabolism and adenosine deaminase deficiency revealed by transgenic mice overexpressing ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73).

The adenosine producing enzyme ecto-5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT) is not normally expressed during thymocyte development until the medullary stage. To determine whether earlier expression would lead to adenosine accumulation and/or be deleterious for thymocyte maturation, thymic purine metabolism, and T cell differentiation were studied in lckNT transgenic mice overexpressing 5'-NT in cortical thymocytes under the control of the lck proximal promoter. In spite of a 100-fold elevation in thymic 5'-NT activity, transgenic adenosine levels were unchanged and T cell immunity was normal. Inosine, the product of adenosine deamination, was elevated more than twofold, however, indicating that adenosine deaminase (ADA) can prevent the accumulation of adenosine, even with a dramatic increase in 5'-NT activity, and demonstrating the availability of 5'-NT substrates in the thymus for the first time. Thymic adenosine concentrations of mice treated with the ADA inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin (dCF) were elevated over 30-fold, suggesting that high ADA activity, rather than an absence of 5'-NT, is mainly responsible for low thymic adenosine levels. The adenosine concentrations in dCF-treated mice are sufficient to cause adenosine receptor-mediated thymocyte apoptosis in vitro, suggesting that adenosine accumulation could play a role in ADA-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency.