化疗联合免疫治疗在提高肝癌合并门静脉癌栓术后疗效中的作用

目的研究手术切除联合门静脉免疫化疗对原发性肝癌（HCC）合并门静脉癌栓（PVTT）患者的临床疗效的影响。方法将2001年1月至2005年12月收治的76例原发性肝癌合并门静脉主干和（或）一级分支癌栓患者分为两组,A组（n=29）行肿瘤切除加癌栓取出术,术后经门静脉行免疫化疗（5-氟尿嘧啶、阿霉素、顺铂、干扰素-α）;B组（n=47）仅行手术切除加癌栓取出术。比较两组患者生存率并对预后影响因素进行分析。结果A、B两组6个月,1、2、3年生存率分别为82．3％和52．7％．46．5％和20．2％,14．3％和5．8％,14．3％和5．8％．中位生存时间分别为11．5和6．0个月（P=0．010）,其中无瘤生存分别为4．5和2．4个月（P=0．032）。多因素回归分析显示,影响总生存期的因素包括化疗、病理分级和肿瘤大小。影响无瘤生存期的因素包括化疗和病理分级。结论HCC合并PVTT患者采取手术切除联合门静脉免疫化疗是有效的。     

根治性切除肝细胞癌预后影响因素分析

目的 探讨肝细胞癌患者经根治性切除后的主要预后影响因素。方法 对５８例经根治性切除的患者进行回顾性统计,应用Ｃｏｘ比例风险模型对可能影响预后的１６项指标进行多因素分析,并建立生存预测方程。结果总生存率１,３,５年分别为８９．７３％,５４．０８％,２９．１２％,中位生存期７８．２４月。影响肝癌预后最明显的因素是门脉癌栓、Ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达及肿瘤包膜。生存预测方程总χ＾２＝５３．２８１,Ｐ〈０．００１。     

Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in China

Background and aims Surgery remains the most effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While resection and liver transplantation achieve the best outcomes in patients with small HCC, controversy surrounds treatment of large HCC, HCC with portal vein tumor thrombus, and HCC with hypersplenism.Patient/methods From January 1988 to December 2002, 2,102 patients with large HCC underwent hepatectomy in our hospital. The traditional resection method was used on 959 patients, after which the improved new method was used on 1,143 patients. Meanwhile, from January 1990 until December 2003, hepatic resection ± thrombectomie has been performed in 438 patients with HCC and portal vein tumor thrombus. Among them, 286 patients showed portal vein tumor thrombus located in the primary and secondary branch of the main portal vein (group A), and 152 patients showed portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) involved in the main portal vein (group B). Additionally, out of 204 HCC patients with cirrhotic hypersplenism, 94 patients had hepatectomy and splenectomy, and 100 patients had only hepatectomy without hospital death.Results The 3- and 5-year survival after resection of large HCCs (over 5 cm) with improved new method in China was between 50.7 and 58.8% and 27.9 and 38.7%, respectively. Tumor recurrence in the liver within 1 year after hepatic resection + thrombectomie was detected in 45% of group A and in 78.8% in group B. The cumulative 5-year overall survival rates were 18.1% for group A and 0% for group B. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival in HCC plus portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) was 58.7, 22.7, and 18.1%. The hepatectomy/splenectomy group had a 5-year tumor-free survival rate of 37.2% and the hepatectomy group alone had 27.2%.Conclusion The new resection methods, hepatic resection + thrombectomy and hepatectomy + splenectomy, are very effective treatments for large HCC, HCC with portal vein tumor thrombus, and HCC with hypersplenism, respectively. Local treatment modalities, e.g. percutaneous ethanol injection, cryosurgery, and radiofrequency ablation as well as microwave coagulation are used in patients with poor liver function in small and large HCCs.     

Adjuvant Intraportal Venous Chemotherapy for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Portal Vein Tumor Thrombi Following Hepatectomy Plus Portal Thrombectomy

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of adjuvant chemobiotherapy via portal vein for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombi (PVTT) following hepatectomy plus thrombectomy. Methods Eighty-six HCC patients with tumor thrombi in the portal trunk and/or the first-order branch were divided into groups A (n = 33) and B (n = 53). Patients in group A were treated with hepatectomy plus portal thrombectomy in combination with postoperative adjuvant chemobiotherapy administered via portal vein. The chemobiotherapy regimen consisted of 5-FU, adriamycin, cisplatin, and IFNα. Patients in Group B were subjected to hepatectomy plus thrombectomy alone. Survival rates of the two groups were compared and prognostic factors were identified using Cox proportional hazards model. Results Group A had a significantly longer median tumor-free survival time and median survival time compared with group B, i.e., 5.1 vs. 2.5 months (p = 0.017) and 11.5 vs. 6.2 months (p = 0.007), respectively. One-, two-, and three-year tumor-free survival rates were remarkably higher in group A than in group B, i.e., 18.4% vs. 8.4%, 13.8% vs. 4.2%, and 9.2% vs. 4.2%, respectively. One-, two-, and three-year survival rates were markedly greater in group A than in group B, i.e., 46.8% vs. 23.4%, 14.4% vs. 5.8%, and 9.6% vs. 5.8%, respectively. Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model revealed that adjuvant chemobiotherapy, pathologic grading, and tumor size were independent prognostic factors for survival time (p = 0.000, 0.001, and 0.013, respectively), and chemobiotherapy and pathologic grading were independent prognostic factors for tumor-free survival time (p = 0.002 and 0.003, respectively). Conclusions Surgical resection combined with adjuvant chemobiotherapy via portal vein is an effective and safe treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma with major portal vein thrombus.     

原发性肝细胞癌合并门静脉癌栓手术治疗的预后相关因素分析

目的探讨影响手术切除原发性肝细胞癌（HCC）合并门静脉癌栓（PVTT）患者预后的相关性因素。 方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年1月150例行手术切除治疗的HCC合并PVTT患者临床资料,采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行数据分析。用Kaplan-Meier法计算总生存率及绘制生存曲线,用Log-Rank检验对各个可能影响预后的因素进行分析。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果患者中位生存时间为14个月,其中术后1年、2年和3年生存率分别为62.3%、34.8%、21.7%。术前血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）浓度、肿瘤大小、肿瘤包膜、卫星灶、微血管侵犯、PVTT类型、术后病理分级均为影响患者预后的因素。 结论对于术前血清AFP≥400 μg/L,肿瘤直径≥5 cm,肿瘤无包膜、有卫星灶及有微血管侵犯的患者术后生存率相对较低。当门静脉癌栓累及到主干时,手术治疗效果并不令人满意。     

外科手术联合TACE治疗晚期肝癌合并门静脉癌栓的疗效分析

目的：探讨原发性肝癌（HCC）合并门静脉癌栓（PVTT）的外科治疗及疗效。方法：回顾性分析2010年1月—2013年1月收治的68例HCC合并PVTT患者临床资料,其中50例行手术（规则半肝+癌栓及受累门静脉切除术或不规则肝切除+门脉癌栓取出术）+经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗（联合治疗组）;18例患者单纯口服索拉非尼治疗（索拉非尼治疗组）。联合治疗组患者中,11例PVTT侵犯门静脉二级及以上分支,39例侵犯门静脉一级分支;索拉非尼治疗组患者PVTT侵犯部位均为门静脉一级分支。分析患者0.5、1、2、3年生存率、总生存时间（OS）、疾病进展时间（TTP）。结果：联合治疗组PVTT侵犯门静脉二级及以上分支患者与侵犯门静脉一级分支患者0.5、1、2、3年生存率分别为100%、90.9%、18.2%、9.1%与87.2%、51.3%、15.4%、5.1%;索拉非尼治疗组0.5、1、2、3年生存率分别为83.3%、33.3%、0%、0%。联合治疗组PVTT侵犯门静脉二级及以上分支患者与侵犯门静脉一级分支患者中位OS为16个月与12个月,中位TTP为7个月与5个月;索拉非尼治疗组中位OS为9个月,中位TTP为4个月。统计学分析显示,联合治疗组无论是PVTT侵犯门静脉二级及以上分支或侵犯门静脉一级分支患者中位OS及中位TTP均明显长于索拉非尼治疗组（均P<0.05）。结论：对于合并门静脉一级及以上分支癌栓的晚期HCC患者,可行外科手术联合术后TACE治疗,且疗效优于单纯索拉非尼治疗。

     

16 肝细胞癌合并脉管系统癌栓的外科治疗

目的:探讨肝细胞癌（HCC）合并脉管系统癌栓的外科治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析1993年1月—2002年1月采用肝切除和癌栓取出术治疗HCC合并脉管系统癌栓68例的临床资料，其中门静脉癌栓63例，肝左静脉癌栓1例，肝中静脉癌栓合并门静脉左支癌栓1例，肝右静脉、下腔静脉合并门静脉右支癌栓1例，下腔静脉癌栓2例。HCC合并门静脉癌栓患者中6例术后行门静脉化疗。结果:6例术后3个月内死于肝肾功能衰竭， HCC合并脉管系统癌栓患者术后1，3，5年生存率分别为41.7%，20.8%，4.1%。结论:肝切除并癌栓取出术是HCC合并脉管系统癌栓有效的治疗方法，术后辅助治疗能提高治疗的效果。     

Selection criteria for hepatic resection in patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma larger than 10 cm in diameter

BACKGROUND: The role of hepatic resection for large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) larger than 10 cm remains unclear. STUDY DESIGN: Perioperative and longterm outcomes of 120 patients with HCC larger than 10 cm who underwent resection (group A) were compared with 368 patients with smaller HCC (group B). The prognostic factors in group A were analyzed. RESULTS: A higher proportion of patients underwent major hepatic resection in group A than in group B (90% versus 57.6%, p = 0.001), but the hospital mortality was similar (5.0% versus 4.6%, p = 0.874). Group A had worse longterm overall survival (median 18.8 months versus 62.8 months, p < 0.001) and disease-free survival (median 5.5 months versus 25.4 months, p < 0.001) than group B. Macroscopic residual tumor, macroscopic venous invasion, and multiple tumors were identified as independent prognostic factors in group A. The median survival of patients with residual tumor and those with curative resection was 7.7 months and 20.8 months, respectively. The median survival of patients with curative resection of solitary HCC larger than 10cm without macroscopic venous invasion was 38.0 months; that of patients with both macroscopic venous invasion and multiple tumors was only 10.5 months. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic resection is a safe and effective treatment for HCC larger than 10cm when liver function reserve is satisfactory and when curative resection can be expected. Patients with solitary HCC larger than 10cm without macroscopic venous invasion can enjoy longterm survival after surgery, and we propose hepatic resection as a standard treatment for this group of patients.     

肝细胞癌合并门静脉癌栓的外科治疗

目的探讨肝细胞癌伴门静脉癌栓的外科治疗方法。方法回顾性分析我院2000年1月～2006年12月收治的肝细胞癌合并门静脉癌栓63例的临床资料。根据治疗方式的不同分为综合治疗组(21例)、门静脉取栓组(12例)和姑息治疗组(30例),比较各组的生存期。结果综合治疗组、门静脉取栓组和姑息治疗组的中位生存时间分别为12.7个月、7.4个月和4.3个月,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。综合治疗组、门静脉取栓组的疗效均明显优于姑息治疗组。结论对于能耐受手术的门静脉癌栓病人应积极行肝癌切除术并术中取栓治疗。     

术前介入对合并门脉侵犯肝癌术后生存影响的前瞻性研究

目的前瞻性对合并门脉侵犯可切除肝癌患者术前行肝动脉栓塞化疗（TACE）,研究探讨该方法的有效性及安全性。方法术前影像学及多学科诊断为可切除肝癌合并门脉侵犯患者219例,按初始治疗分为一期手术切除的手术组（132例）和TACE组（87例）,TACE组患者先行TACE治疗后再行手术切除。分层分析两组间的生存差异。结果手术组和TACE组1、3、5年生存率和中位生存时间分别为52.4%、19.1%、13.1%、13.87个月和57.1%、27.2%、21.1%、16.13个月（P=0.037）。亚组分析中,段叶级癌栓手术组和TACE组1、3、5年生存率分别为61.0%、32.1%、20.1%和92.9%、55.7%、47.8%（P=0.012）。主分支癌栓中两组生存率差异无统计学意义（P=0.272）。两组术后死亡率及并发症发生率差异无统计学意义。结论伴有门脉侵犯可切除肝癌术前行肝动脉栓塞化疗安全有效,尤其可以显著延长伴有段叶级侵犯肝癌患者的生存。     

The benefit of curative liver resection with a selective bile duct preserving approach for hepatocellular carcinoma with macroscopic bile duct tumor thrombus

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presenting with macroscopic bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT) is an uncommon event. The role of a curative hepatic resection and associated long-term outcomes remain controversial. In addition the necessity for bile duct resection is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes of hepatectomy with a selective bile duct preservation approach for HCC with BDTT in comparison to outcomes without BDTT.MethodsA total of 22 HCC with BDTT patients who had undergone curative hepatic resection with a selective bile duct preservation approach at our institute were retrospectively reviewed. These were compared to group of 145 HCC without BDTT patients. The impact of curative surgical resection and BDTT on clinical outcomes and survival after surgical resection were analyzed.ResultsAll HCC with BDTT cases underwent major hepatectomy vs. 32.4% in the comparative group. Bile duct preservation rate was 56.5%. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of HCC with BDTT patients in comparison to the HCC without BDTT group were 81.8%, 52.8% and 52.8% vs. 73.6%, 55.6% and 40.7% (P=0.804) respectively. Positive resection margin, tumor size ≥5 cm and AFP ≥200 IU/mL were significant risk factors regarding overall survival. However, it is unclear whether presence of a bile duct tumor thrombus has an adverse impact on either recurrence free survival or overall survival.ConclusionsBile duct obstruction from tumor thrombus did not necessarily indicate an advanced form of disease. Tumor size and AFP had greater impact on long-term outcomes than bile duct tumor thrombus. Major liver resection with a selective bile duct preserving approach in HCC with BDTT can achieve favorable outcomes comparable to those of HCC without BDTT in selected patients.     

肝癌合并门静脉或胆管癌栓的综合治疗

The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)is poor,and tumor thrombus in the portal vein or in the bile duct is an important influencing factor.Approximately 30%of HCC patients are found to have portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT)when diagnosed,and their median survival time is about 2.7-4.0 months if they do not receive any treatment.The incidence of HCC complicated with bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT)is less than 10%,while the prognosis is dismal.Once tumor thrombus extends to the major bile ducts,obstructive jaundice and subsequent hepatic dysfunction are inevitable.The survival time of patients with HCC complicated with BDTT is less than 4 months if they only receive palliative biliary stenting.The management of HCC complicated with PVTT or BDTT is challenging with controversy at present.Different treatment approaches and their benefits for patients with HCC complicated with PVTT or BDTT are introduced in this paper.     

Surgical intervention for patients with stage IV-A hepatocellular carcinoma without lymph node metastasis: proposal as a standard therapy.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of surgical treatments for patients with stage IV-A hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) without lymph node metastasis. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Nonsurgical therapy for highly advanced HCC patients has yielded poor long-term survival. Surgical intervention has been initiated in an effort to improve survival. METHODS: The outcome of 150 patients who underwent hepatic resection was studied. Survival analysis was made by stratifying stage IV-A HCC patients into two groups-those with and those without involvement of a major branch of the portal or hepatic veins. Those with involvement were further divided into subgroups according to major vascular invasions. RESULTS: Patients who had multiple tumors in more than one lobe without vascular invasion had a significantly better 5-year survival rate (20%) than those with vascular invasion (8%) (p < 0.01). The survival rate of patients with hepatic vein tumor thrombi (10%) was better than the rate for those with tumor thrombi in the inferior vena cava (0%), in whom no patients survived more than 2 years, although the survival rate for those with portal vein tumor thrombi in the first branch (11%) was no different from the rate for that in the portal trunk (4%). The operative mortality decreased from 14.3% in the first 6 years to 1.4% in the following 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical intervention for stage IV-A HCC patients brought longer survival rates for some patients. We recommend surgical intervention as an effective therapeutic modality for patients with advanced HCC.     

肝癌合并门静脉癌栓手术疗效及预后分析

目的探讨影响肝癌合并门静脉癌栓病人手术疗效和预后的因素。方法回顾性分析我院2000年~2003年收治的68例肝癌合并门静脉癌栓病人的临床资料。分别按术后是否加用化疗、有无合并肝硬变、肿瘤大小及Child-Pugh分级等进行分组研究,比较各组间术后不同的疗效。结果手术切除加化疗组中位生存时间为17.8月,术后6个月及1、2、3年生存率分别为80.4%及64.7%、47.1%、31.4%;单纯手术切除组分别为14.5月和70.6%、52.4%、29.4%、5.9%。手术切除加化疗组疗效均明显优于单纯手术切除组(P<0.05)。结论手术切除加术后化疗或栓塞治疗是治疗肝癌合并门静脉癌栓病人的有效治疗方案。肝硬变、肿瘤大小及Child-Pug分级与病人术后生存时间相关,可作为判断预后的重要指标。     

肝细胞性肝癌合并门静脉癌栓63例临床治疗分析

目的:比较不同治疗方法对肝细胞性肝癌(HCC)合并门静脉癌栓(PVTT)的疗效及其意义。方法:回顾性分析应用不同治疗方式治疗的63例原发性HCC合并门静脉主干或者第一分支癌栓患者的预后。按照治疗方式的不同分为4组:保守治疗组(A组,7例);TACE治疗组(B组,19例);手术切除原发HCC同时行门静脉切开取栓术或者癌栓部位门静脉切除术治疗组(C组,12例);手术切除原发HCC同时行门静脉切开取栓术或者癌栓部位门静脉切除术+术后TACE治疗组(D组,25例)。结果:A组中位生存期为2个月,半年、1年、2年、3年生存率分别为14%、0、0、0;B组中位生存期为6个月,半年、1年、2年、3年生存率分别为56%、12%、0、0;C组中位生存期为10个月,半年、1年、2年、3年生存率分别为、74%、37%、9%、0;D组中位生存期为16个月,半年、1年、2年、3年生存率分别为80%、52%、20、12%。各组生存率比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:原发性HCC合并PVTT采取手术切除原发肝癌同时行门静脉切开取栓术或者癌栓部位门静脉切除术可明显延长生存期,术后应用TACE治疗可进一步延长生存期,提高生存率。     

Adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization improves efficacy of hepatectomy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein tumor thrombus

Purpose

To study the value of postoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) to improve the efficacy of hepatectomy and tumor thrombus removal for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT).

Experimental design

From January 1996 to December 2004, 126 patients with HCC and PVTT were randomly assigned into 2 groups: a control group and a TACE group. The control group underwent liver resection combined with PVTT removal, and the TACE group underwent liver resection combined with adjuvant TACE after surgery. Survival time in the 2 groups was studied.

Results

The 2 groups were comparable with regard to all clinicopathologic data. The median survival time was 13 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.25 to 19.75 months) for the TACE group and 9 months (95% CI 6.90 to 11.10 months) for the control group. Estimated survival rates for 1, 3 and 5 years were better in the TACE group (50.9%, 33.8%, 21.5%; respectively) than the control group (33.3%, 17.0%, 8.5%, respectively; log rank P = .0094).

Conclusions

Postoperative TACE enhances the effect of liver resection combined with PVTT removal for HCC patients with PVTT.     

Role of a hepatectomy for the treatment of large hepatocellular carcinomas measuring 10 cm or larger in diameter

BACKGROUND: A curative hepatectomy is the mainstay of effective treatment for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the treatment of large HCC remains challenging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The possible prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed in 85 patients with large HCC (>/=10.0 cm) who all underwent a hepatectomy for HCC between 1988 and 2004. A survival analysis was made by classifying the tumors into four spreading patterns according to the number of tumors and the presence of macroscopic tumor thrombus. RESULTS: A positive hepatitis B antigen, the earlier period of hepatectomy, a non-curative hepatectomy, multiple tumors, and portal vein invasion were identified as independent predictors of a poor prognosis. The median survival term and 5-year survival rate of patients with a solitary large HCC without a macroscopic tumor thrombus was 9.8 years and 69.8%, respectively. The tumor spreading patterns according to the number of tumors and the presence of a macroscopic tumor thrombus were statistically associated with a non-curative hepatectomy (p < 0.001). There was a statistical difference among 33 patients with large HCC undergoing a non-curative hepatectomy based on the presence of a macroscopic portal vein invasion (p = 0.0089). CONCLUSION: A hepatectomy could yield an excellent long-term survival in patients with a solitary large HCC without a macroscopic tumor thrombus. Even if a curative hepatectomy could not be achieved, a hepatectomy might provide better survival in large HCC patients without a macroscopic tumor thrombus compared in those with macroscopic tumor thrombus.     

原发性肝癌门静脉癌栓患者合并肝门淋巴结转移手术疗效的比较研究

目的探讨原发性肝癌门静脉癌栓合并肝门淋巴结转移的手术疗效。方法 2001年1月～2003年12月28例肝癌伴门静脉癌栓术中发现肝门淋巴结肿大行肝门淋巴结清扫术,将有肝门淋巴结转移的15例设为淋巴结转移组,无肝门淋巴结转移的13例设为非淋巴结转移组,对2组患者的无瘤生存期和总生存期情况进行比较。结果淋巴结转移组生存2～13个月,中位生存期4个月,无瘤生存1～8个月,无瘤中位生存期3个月;非淋巴结转移组患者生存3～69个月,中位生存期11个月,无瘤生存2～32个月,无瘤中位生存期7个月。2组患者的无瘤生存期和总生存期有显著性差异（χ2=5.786,P=0.038;χ2=3.963,P=0.045）。结论伴有肝门淋巴结转移的原发性肝癌门静脉癌栓患者的手术疗效较差,即使行肝门淋巴结清扫也不能达到根治效果,并不能显著提高该病人的生存期。     

Multidisciplinary treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma with major portal vein tumor thrombus

In recent years, various treatment options have become available for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) according to the degree of background liver damage, tumor diameter and other factors associated with disease progression. Therapy has also shifted toward evidence-based treatment. Policies for the management of HCC with portal vein tumor thrombus, which has been considered an intractable condition, have not been established. Surgical resection was previously positioned as the treatment of choice, but the outcomes after resection alone were found to be disappointing. At present, multiple interdisciplinary treatments, combining resection with intra-arterial chemotherapy, radiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy, are used on a trial-and-error basis since no standard regimens have been developed. Clinical trials of surgery combined with transarterial chemoembolization, hepatic arterial infusion of chemotherapy and radiation have obtained improved 5-year survival rates of 21.5–56 %. The safety of surgical resection in HCC with major portal vein tumor thrombus has improved, but the optimal type(s) and timing of auxiliary therapy to use in combination with resection remain to be defined.     

可切除肝细胞肝癌并门静脉主支癌栓治疗策略的安全性和有效性分析

目的。探讨肝功能代偿期手术切除或TACE治疗肝细胞肝癌（HCC）合并门静脉主支癌栓的疗效,以及TACE后选择性肝切除术的安全性。方法选择肝功能Child．PughA可切除的原发性肝癌并门脉主支癌栓患者116例,并分为手术组（56例）和肝动脉化疗栓塞组（TACE组,60例）,其中TACE组治疗后肿瘤反应评价有效,接受进一步手术治疗的患者纳入TACE＋手术组。对比3组患者的治疗效果和生存情况。结果手术组1例术中死亡（1／56,1．78％）,并发症发生率高于TACE组（16／56US7／60,P=0．010）。手术组、TACE组和TACE＋手术组的中位生存时间为11．41、15．34、22．01个月,TACE＋手术组的生存时间明显长于手术组（P=0．040）。手术组1、2、5年生存率分别为47．27％、24．58％、5．67％;TACE组分别为53．91％、27．18％、6．34％：TACE＋手术组分别为79．17％、45．83％、16．67％。多因素分析提示肝硬化、肿瘤位置是患者独立预后相关因素。结论HCC合并门静脉主支癌栓肝功能代偿良好可切除者,首治TACE后选择性肝切除术是更安全和有效的治疗策略。