青少年女性性自我效能问卷的编制与信效度检验

目的:编制适用于我国青少年女性性自我效能的调查问卷,以供评价青少年女性性健康行为水平的工具。方法:通过访谈法、专家咨询法与文献法的基础上编制了青少年女性性自我效能的原始问卷,并运用调查法对511名青少年女性进行测试,并用SPSS分析软件进行信度、效度检验。结果:平均内容效度比(CVI)为0.902,探索分析性因子分析问卷得到15个条目,形成2个因子,即预防措施、拒绝自我效能,KMO值为0.824,χ~2=1383.05,P=0.000,各因子载荷范围为0.567~0.743;问卷总的内部一致性系数Cronbach’sα为0.884,2个维度的内部一致性系数Cronbach’sα系数范围为0.865~0.902;重测信度Cronbach’sα为0.842。结论:青少年女性性自我效能问卷具有较好的信、效度,可用于评价青少年女性性健康行为的现状。     

基于德尔菲法构建痤疮患者健康教育核心内容体系

目的构建痤疮患者健康教育核心内容体系。方法在文献回顾、专家小组讨论的基础上,采用德尔菲专家咨询法进行2轮专家函询,最终确立痤疮患者健康教育核心内容体系。结果 2轮专家咨询问卷专家积极系数分别为100.00和94.12,专家权威系数为0.928。最终确立6项一级指标,34项二级指标的痤疮患者健康教育核心内容体系。结论初步建立的痤疮患者健康教育核心内容体系具有较高的科学性和合理性,可为健康教育工作的系统化和科学化提供参考依据。     

面部痤疮患者两种生活质量量表的考评

目的了解Cardiff痤疮伤残指数(CADI)和面部痤疮特异性生活质量调查问卷(Qol-acne)两种痤疮量表在国内临床的适用性。方法在知情同意的前提下,应用两量表对66例面部痤疮患者进行生存质量的调查,并分析两量表的信度、效度,并对两量表的得分进行相关分析。结果两量表的信度、效度均较好。两量表得分呈负相关(γ=-0.854,P0.001),即CADI得分越高Qol-acne得分越低。结论两量表均具有较好的信度及效度,能作为我国面部痤疮患者生活质量的测评工具。临床医师可以根据实际情况选择合适的量表对面部痤疮患者进行生活质量的评估。     

患者健康问卷抑郁量表9在痤疮患者中的信度和效度检验

【摘要】 目的 检验患者健康问卷抑郁量表9（PHQ?9）在痤疮患者中的信度和效度。方法 2017年1月至2018年6月在西南医科大学附属医院门诊收集痤疮患者300例,应用PHQ?9及汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）对患者进行问卷调查并记录完成时间,采用美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册（第4版）》（DSM?Ⅳ）临床定式访谈（SCID）作为抑郁“金标准”进行评定。采用Cronbach′s α系数和1周后重测信度对PHQ?9进行信度分析;效度分析采用因子分析、Spearman相关分析和受试者工作特征曲线（ROC曲线）,并分析PHQ?9在不同分组人群中的筛查效度。结果 共258例痤疮患者完成全部问卷,47例符合抑郁障碍诊断标准。PHQ?9诊断抑郁最佳划界分为9分,此时灵敏度为95.7%,特异度为88.6%,ROC曲线下面积为0.973（95% CI：0.956 ~ 0.990）,在不同分组人群中,ROC曲线下面积最低0.886,最高0.955。效度分析显示,PHQ?9总分与HAMD总分的相关系数为0.766,Kappa值为0.530。因子分析共获得2个公因子,分别为认知-情感因子、躯体症状因子,累计方差贡献率为65.52%。信度分析显示,PHQ?9 Cronbach′s α系数为0.851,各条目与量表总分的相关系数为0.550 ~ 0.709,各条目间的相关系数为0.224 ~ 0.654,重测信度为0.824。完成每份PHQ?9的时间为（4.9 ± 1.2） min,完成HAMD的时间为（44.2 ± 5.9） min,差异有统计学意义（t = 108.787,P < 0.001）。结论 PHQ?9应用于痤疮患者具有良好的信度和效度,可用于对痤疮伴抑郁患者初筛,该量表较HAMD具有明显时间及人力优势,更便于在临床中实施。     

手足皮肤反应患者生活质量量表汉化及信效度分析

目的对手足皮肤反应患者生活质量量表(HF-QoL)进行汉化及信效度分析。方法严格遵循2005年发表的语言调试专家共识进行汉化,之后纳入30例患者进行信效度分析。结果Cronbach’α=0.943,与美国国立癌症研究所(NCI)分级、皮肤病生活质量指标调查表(DLQI)量表显著相关。因子分析共提取3个公因子,累及解释76.035%的总变异,有内在逻辑性。结论汉化后的量表信效度较好,适合临床及科研推广应用。     

青少年女性性健康促进量表的构建与信效度研究

目的:依计划行为理论为基础,构建性健康促进量表(SHPS),并检验量表的信度与效度。方法:通过性健康促进量表、青少年性与生殖健康文献分析、深度访谈、以及专家咨询,形成SHPS预实验量表,对183名青少女进行问卷调查,对预实验量表进行条目分析、探索性因子分析归纳维度,形成正式量表。正式问卷调查,采分层集束比例抽样,以388名青少女[平均年龄为(18.15±0.39)岁]为对象,分析及建构量表的信效度。结果:SHPS通过探索性因子分析,由22个条目组成,包括性健康知识、性生理需求、避孕态度、艾滋病认知等4个公因子,累积方差贡献率为67.982%;总体内容效度指数为0.926;总量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.904,重测信度为0.882;而验证性因子分析(χ2/df=2.562,P0.001,GFI=0.962,RMSEA=0.048,AGFI=0.950,NFI=0.958,CFI=0.934),具有较好的适配度。结论:青少女性健康促进量表具有较好的信度与效度,为评价国内青少女性与生殖健康现状提供科学依据。     

DLQI测量寻常型痤疮及白癜风患者生活质量的研究

目的比较寻常型痤疮患者与白癜风患者的生活质量。方法采用中文版皮肤病生活质量指标（delmatolo-gylifequalityindex,DLQI）对门诊寻常型痤疮患者与白癜风患者进行调查,并检测量表的信度和效度。结果寻常型痤疮患者DLQI得分为8．68,白癜风组得分为6．34．除条目1、条目3以及条目7,痤疮组得分高于白癜风组外,其余7个方面两组得分均无差别。DLQI量表测量痤疮与白癜风均具有较好的信度和效度,但条目1不能在白癜风患者间形成有效地区分度一结论寻常型痤疮患者的生活质量低于白癜风患者。DLQI量表用于测量白癜风患者的生活质量时应进行修订。     

敏感性皮肤问卷的编制及其与鲍曼敏感性皮肤问卷的信度和效度比较

目的编制一套适用于国人敏感性皮肤的问卷,为敏感性皮肤的诊断提供简便有效的方法。方法基于鲍曼敏感性皮肤问卷,采用专家法、统计学方法编制本院敏感性皮肤问卷(华西问卷),采用随机偶遇法对志愿者进行华西问卷、鲍曼问卷调查,比较两套问卷的信度和效度。结果共纳入699名志愿者,筛选修订问卷最终形成12个条目的华西问卷。华西问卷与鲍曼问卷的内部一致性Cronbach'sα值分别为0.802和0.823,重测信度分别为0.906和0.796。进行最大变异方差正交旋转,提取特征值大于1的因子,华西问卷的4个共同因子累计解释变异量为60.78%,鲍曼问卷的5个共同因子累计解释变异量为52.25%。结论华西问卷的信度和效度均优于鲍曼问卷,更适用于国人敏感性皮肤筛查。     

寻常痤疮对患者心理的影响

目的：了解痤疮患者心理受影响的程度和一些相关因素。方法：对北京、上海、广州、西安、武汉5个城市共2331例门诊痤疮患者采用APSEA量表进行问卷式调查。结果：痤疮影响了部分患者的心理健康，表现为焦虑、易怒和不自信。甚至干扰了他们的生活、影响择业。参与影响痤疮患者生活质量的可能因素是痤疮的严重程度、患者的文化程度。结论：痤疮对于患者的心理具有一定程度的影响，应该引起皮肤科医生的重视，尤其是重度痤疮和文化程度低的患者。     

中文版慢性荨麻疹生活质量问卷（CU-Q2oL）信效度验证

【摘要】 目的 检验中文版慢性荨麻疹生活质量问卷（CU-Q2oL）的信效度。方法 翻译英文原版CU-Q2oL以及回译和文化调试，确定中文版CU-Q2oL的条目。2019年1 - 12月对北京大学第一医院皮肤性病科就诊的195例慢性自发性荨麻疹伴或不伴慢性诱导性荨麻疹患者每2周进行1次随访，随访时填写CU-Q2oL、皮肤病生活质量指数问卷（DLQI）以及1周疾病活动度问卷评分（UAS7），共随访2次。每次随访后，医生依据患者病情为每例患者调整治疗方案。通过探索性因子分析，提取问卷因子数目，并通过分析CU-Q2oL与DLQI、UAS7的相关性判断聚合效度，通过计算Cronbach α系数检测CU-Q2oL的内在一致性信度；通过分析UAS7的变化量与CU-Q2oL评分变化量的相关系数判断CU-Q2oL的敏感度。结果 自中文版CU-Q2oL问卷中提取出4个因子，分别为“症状”、“日常功能活动”、“睡眠问题”及“限制”因子，共23个条目，累计方差贡献率为74.011%。CU-Q2oL所有条目的Cronbach α系数为0.961，4个因子Cronbach α系数为0.804 ~ 0.933，提示极好的内部一致性。CU-Q2oL问卷总分和DLQI评分、UAS7分别呈中度相关，相关系数分别为0.437、0.560（均P＜0.01）。71例患者参与第2次随访，CU-Q2oL问卷总分变化量与UAS7评分变化量呈中度相关，相关系数为0.392（P＜0.01）。结论 中文版CU-Q2oL具有极好的内部一致性信度和良好的信效度，可用于评估我国慢性自发性荨麻疹患者的生活质量。     

Knowledge levels and concerns about oral isotretinoin treatment in the parents of adolescent acne patients

Oral isotretinoin is frequently used in the treatment of young acne patients. However, knowledge levels and attitudes about this treatment have not been studied in the parents previously. We aimed to investigate the knowledge levels and concerns about oral isotretinoin in the parents of adolescent acne patients. We conducted a cross‐sectional study on 136 parents of adolescent patients with moderate to very severe acne vulgaris who answered the questionnaire about oral isotretinoin treatment. Demographic data and acne characteristics were recorded. The parents' knowledge levels and concerns about the treatment process were asked by the questionnaire. Since 32 parents have never heard oral isotretinoin before, they were excluded from the study. Of the remaining 104 parents, 80.8% were female and 19.2% were male. Of the parents, 62.5% had some concerns about oral isotretinoin treatment and 34.6% had no idea whether the drug is suitable for the use of <18 years. 52.9% stated that they think the drug will damage the liver. The most known and worrying side effects were dry lips and vision problems, respectively. The knowledge levels about oral isotretinoin treatment and its side effects were low in the parents of adolescent acne patients, leading to prejudice to the drug.     

Evaluation of reliability and validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 in patients with acne

To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) in patients with acne. Three hundred acne patients were enrolled from January 2019 to December 2019. PHQ‐9 and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD) survey was conducted to evaluate their depression status. Cronbach's α coefficient and test‐retest reliability after 1 week were used to analyze the reliability of PHQ‐9. Factor analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) were used for validity analysis of the PHQ‐9.The screening validity was analyzed in different subgroups. Two hundred fifty‐eight patients with acne completed the questionnaire. Forty‐seven were diagnosed with depressive disorder. The best cut‐off point for the PHQ‐9 score is 9 points, with a sensitivity of 95.7%,a specificity of 88.6% and the area under the ROC curve(AUC) of 0.973.In validity analysis, the correlation coefficient between the total score of PHQ‐9 and HAMD was 0.766,the kappa value was 0.530.Factor analysis revealed two common factors (cognitive‐affective factor and somatic symptom factor),which explained 65.52% of the total variances. In reliability analysis, the Cronbach's α coefficient of the PHQ‐9 was 0.851,the test‐retest reliability value was 0.824.The time to complete the PHQ‐9 was significantly less than the time to complete HAMD (P < .001).The PHQ‐9 shows good reliability and validity for the diagnosis of depression in patients with acne, and can be used for preliminary screening of depression.     

Sociological studies in acne vulgaris. 2. Effect of the disease on the evaluation of clinical picture and motivation for therapy]

A questionnaire was presented to 2009 18--19 year old recruitment candidates. The questionnaire enabled appraisal of antipathy towards patients with severe acne vulgaris and the occupational inpediment of severe acne. It was shown in comparison of patients with clinically relevant acne and healthy subjects or patients with a minor variant of acne that acne patients are more prepared to tolerate other acne patients than are healthy subjects. A questionnaire which enabled appraisal of attitudes to therapy was presented in addition to 351 patients with clinically relevant acne in this collective. The schools attended were also recorded in these patients. It was shown that the motivation to undergo treatment can be assumed in only half of the acne patients; this motivation is less the more radical the therapy. However, the motivation is greater the higher the educational level of the person questioned.     

An epidemiological study of acne in female adults: results of a survey conducted in France

BACKGROUND: Acne is usually perceived as a disease of teenagers, and most epidemiological studies have focused on adolescents. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to investigate the prevalence of acne in a representative sample of French females. Information about skin type, life-style factors influencing acne and quality of life were also recorded. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was sent to 4,000 adult women aged 25-40 years, after a validation test by three dermatologists. A definition of acne severity, according to questionnaire answers, was established before the questionnaire was sent out. RESULTS: A total of 3394 women completed the questionnaire of which 3,305 were useable. The data showed a prevalence of acne in 17% of the population, and physiological acne in 24%. Thus, the total acne prevalence was 41%. Forty-nine per cent of the acne patients had acne sequelae (scars and/or pigmented macules). Forty-one per cent of adult acne patients had not experienced acne during their adolescence. A premenstrual flare and stress was recorded as causing acne in 78% and 50%, respectively. Twenty-two per cent of acne subjects were currently receiving therapy. For most patients, acne did not severely impair their quality of life. CONCLUSION: This study shows a prevalence of acne in 41% of women in the general population. A high proportion of these acne cases are late onset acne.     

Infantile acne: a retrospective study of 16 cases

Abstract:  Infantile acne is a rare and poorly understood disorder. The objective of this study was to improve our knowledge about the epidemiology and clinical course of infantile acne, and evaluate approaches to treatment. This two-center retrospective study covered the period between 1985 and 2007. Inclusion criteria were: (i) age less than 24 months when lesions appeared; (ii) presence of both inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions; (iii) persistence of lesions for at least 2 months. The data were drawn from clinical and photographic records, followed by administration of a telephone questionnaire to parents. It was proposed that each case be reviewed on the basis of the child's appearance and score on an acne scar clinical grading scale. Sixteen children were included. Nine had a family history of severe adolescent acne. The average duration of disease was 22 months. Two patients had been effectively treated with oral isotretinoin. More than half of the patients exhibited scars. We re-examined five children (average acne scar clinical grading scale score = 12/540). On the basis of the frequency of scarring, and the severity and average duration of lesions, the use of oral retinoids in severe infantile acne warrants evaluation.     

Do patients with acne need cognitive behavioral therapy? An analysis of patient knowledge and behavior

Background Acne is a common skin condition that affects adolescents as well as young adults, and numerous treatment modalities have been introduced with various success. However, most of the therapeutic measures have failed to show a long‐lasting effect because acne is a multi‐factorial disease. Some of the factors can be effectively modified by patients themselves. We hereby present an analysis of patients’ cognition of the disease and behavioral patterns that can influence patient compliance and the efficacy of the adjacent therapy. Methods The survey was conducted on 136 Korean patients at a private cosmetic clinic, using a questionnaire form on their cognition and everyday habitual care. Results The results showed that the patients neither possess the proper knowledge nor behave appropriately when taking care of acne‐prone skin. Conclusions For a successful therapeutic alliance, it seems useful to provide knowledge and introduce a cognitive‐behavioral therapy to the field of acne treatment.     

Factors related to patient compliance in the treatment of acne vulgaris

BACKGROUND: Missed appointments are a major problem in healthcare delivery, and are one element of patient compliance with treatment. AIM: To determine whether there was a relationship between the beliefs, attitudes, expectations of treatment, and previous treatment experiences of acne patients and the keeping of follow-up appointments for treatment. METHODS: One hundred and forty-four consecutive patients presenting to a private dermatologist's office for the treatment of acne completed questionnaires concerning their beliefs and previous treatment, and a record was maintained of missed appointments over a series of five scheduled appointments. A control group of middle and high school students completed the same pretreatment questionnaire. Six months after starting treatment, a second questionnaire was completed regarding compliance with treatment, problems with medication, and frequency of appointments and appointment keeping. RESULTS: There were very few differences between patients and controls in beliefs about the cause and treatment of acne. Patient appointment keeping was as follows: 28% of acne patients attended all four follow-up appointments, 10% three follow-up appointments, 15% two follow-up appointments, 13% one follow-up appointment, and 19% no follow-up appointments. Fifteen per cent of patients dropped out of treatment for one or two appointments and then returned. CONCLUSIONS: Demographic factors, such as gender, race, method of payment for medical services, and type of therapy prescribed, were more important in determining appointment keeping behavior than were patient attitudes and beliefs, previous therapy, or severity of acne. Although there was no correlation between appointment keeping and knowledge of the condition, knowledge of the medication, severity of acne, age, or previous medical treatment, relationships were observed between demographic factors and appointment keeping.     

Cultural Adaptation of the Cardiff Acne Disability Index to a Hindi Speaking Population: A Pilot Study

Background:

Acne vulgaris is known to impair many aspects of the quality of life (QoL) of its patients.

Aim:

To translate the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) from English into Hindi and to assess its validity and reliability in Hindi speaking patients with acne from India.

Methods:

Hindi version of CADI, translated and linguistically validated as per published international guidelines, along with a previously translated Hindi version of dermatology life quality index (DLQI) and a demographic questionnaire were administered to acne patients. The internal consistency reliability of the Hindi version of CADI and its concurrent validity were assessed by Cronbach''s alpha co-efficient and Spearman''s correlation co-efficient respectively. Construct validity was examined by factor analysis. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) for Windows.

Results:

One hundred Hindi speaking patients with various grades of acne participated in the study. Hindi version of CADI showed high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach''s alpha co-efficient = 0.722). Mean item-to-total correlation co-efficient ranged from 0.502 to 0.760. Concurrent validity of the scale was supported by a significant correlation with the Hindi DLQI. Factor analysis revealed the presence of two dimensions underlying the factor structure of the scale.

Conclusion:

Hindi CADI is equivalent to the original English version and constitutes a reliable and valid tool for clinical assessment of the impact of acne on QoL.