八种医院药品制剂有效期预测

目的:预测医院药品制剂有效期,以确保质量,保证患者用药安全有效.方法:本实验采用初均速法对八种医院药品制剂进行了有效期考察.结果:测得盐酸麻黄碱滴鼻剂(法定制剂)有效期2.97 a、枸橼酸钾溶液(法定制剂)有效期为1.89 a、硝酸毛果芸香碱眼药水(法定制剂)有效期为1.94 a、金星消毒液(非法定制剂)有效期为2.52 a,棕胺合剂(法定制剂)有效期2.1 a、丁卡因滴眼剂(法定制剂)有效期0.73 a、溴咖合剂(法定制剂)4.35 a、丁卡因注射液(法定制剂)有效期1.47 a.结论:在室温25℃下,可将盐酸麻黄碱滴鼻剂有效期定为2 a、枸橼酸钾溶液有效期定为1.5 a、硝酸毛果芸香碱眼药水有效期定为1.5 a、金星消毒液有效期定为2 a、棕胺合剂有效期定为1.5 a、丁卡因滴眼剂有效期定为0.5 a、溴咖合剂有效期定为2 a、丁卡因注射液有效期定为1 a.     

HPLC同时测定桑葚口服液中槲皮素和山奈酚的含量

目的:建立桑葚口服液中槲皮素、山奈酚成分的HPLC测定.方法:采用HPLC法SymmetryC 18柱(150mm×4.6mm5μm);流动相:甲醇-0.4％磷酸(60∶40);检测波长:370nm;流速为0.5mL·min-1.对样品水解过程的各个影响因素进行了考察.结果:优化的水解条件为采用2.0mol·L-1盐酸甲醇溶液,90℃水浴水解2.0h.槲皮素和山奈酚分别在峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,范围分别为0.18-35.28mg·L-1,0.19-38.22mg·L-1,线性关系良好(r=0.999 8).槲皮素加样回收率为99.43％,RSD为1.16％(n=6);山柰酚加样回收率为99.19％,RSD为2.04％(n=6).结论:该法操作简便、结果可靠,重现性好,可用于控制桑葚口服液的质量.     

盐酸丁卡因注射液含量测定

目的:采用分光光度法测定盐酸丁卡因注射液中盐酸丁卡因含量方法:采用分光光度法,在310nm波长处测定盐酸丁卡因的含量.结果:回归方程为C=12.78A-0.014,r=0.9998.平均回收率为100.17%,RSD为0.19%(n=5).结论:该法简便、快速、准确,适用于该制剂的质量控制.     

柱前衍生HPLC法测定大鼠肾组织中羟脯氨酸的含量

目的:建立一种测定大鼠肾组织中羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量的柱前衍生HPLC法.方法:将大鼠肾组织以6 mol · L-1盐酸于110℃水解24 h,加入9-芴甲氧基羰酰氯(FMOC)衍生后,进行HPLC分析.HPLC分析条件为:Phenomenex C18色谱柱(4.60 mm× 150 mm,5(m);流动相:醋酸钠缓冲液( pH3.78)-甲醇-乙腈(梯度洗脱);流速:1.0 ml·min-l;柱温:40C;检测波长:265 nm.结果:羟脯氨酸在浓度范围为15.30～612.00 mg·L-1内线性良好(r =0.9999);回收率为97.4％～103.9％.结论:该方法简单、准确、灵敏,可用于测定大鼠肾组织中羟脯氨酸的含量.     

HPLC法测定肺炎合剂中盐酸麻黄碱的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定肺炎合荆中盐酸麻黄碱的含量。方法采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为SinoChrom ODS—BP（4．6mm×250mm）5μm分析柱。流动相：以乙腈－0．09％磷酸溶液（含0．1％三乙胺）（4：96）,流速1．0mL·min－1,检测波长：207nm。结果精密度和稳定性均良好;盐酸麻黄碱进样量在0．0928μg－0．928μg范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,r＝0．9999,平均回收率为99．315％。结论本方法简便、专属、重现性好,可用于肺炎合剂中盐酸麻黄碱的含量测定。     

碳酸利多卡因在硬膜外麻醉剖宫产术中的应用

目的 :探讨碳酸利多卡因在硬膜外麻醉剖宫产术中的应用。方法 :选择剖宫产产妇 14 0例 ,随机分成两组 ,每组 70例 ,硬膜外穿刺置管后分别注入 1.73%碳酸利多卡因 (碳酸组 )和 1%盐酸利多卡因加 0 .2 5 %盐酸丁卡因合剂 (合剂组 ) ,对比观察两组阻滞完善时间和术中循环变化。结果 :碳酸组阻滞完善时间比合剂组缩短 (P <0 .0 1) ,牵拉反应发生率较合剂组低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;收缩压、舒张压变化组间差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :硬膜外麻醉剖宫产术中碳酸利多卡因是一种很好的局麻药。     

HPLC同时测定痔清舒洗剂中绿原酸、咖啡酸和盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的 采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定痔清舒洗液中绿原酸、咖啡酸和盐酸小檗碱的含量.方法 采用KromasiL 100-5-C18(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm)色谱柱,以乙腈和1％磷酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为324 nm.结果 绿原酸在7.105μg·mL-1～142.1μg·mL-1、咖啡酸在...     

紫外分光光度法测定盐酸丁卡因甘油溶液中盐酸丁卡因含量

目的 探讨紫外分光光度法测定盐酸丁卡因甘油溶液中盐酸丁卡因的含量方法。方法 以紫外分光光度法测定盐酸丁卡因甘油溶液中盐酸丁卡因的含量，并与永停滴定法测定的结果进行比较。结果 在波长310nm处有最大吸收，回归方程为A＝0．07510C 0．00369，r＝0．9999；平均回收率为99．81％，平均标示含量为98．46％，RSD＝1．15％。结论 该法操作较永停法简便，结果无显著性差异。     

HPLC法测定皮肤丸中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的建立皮肤丸中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定方法。方法采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Welch MalerialsXB-C18柱,乙腈-0.02 mol.L-1磷酸溶液（体积比25∶75）为流动相,流速为1.0 mL·min^-1,检测波长为424 nm,柱温为35℃。结果盐酸小檗碱的质量浓度在3.814-38.14μg·mL^-1范围内与峰面积线性关系良好;平均回收率为99.1%,RSD为0.8%（n=9）;最低检测限为0.942 7 ng。结论本方法操作简便、结果准确,能有效地控制该制剂的质量。     

HPLC法测定注射用盐酸川芎嗪的含量

目的采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定注射用盐酸川芎嗪中盐酸川芎嗪的含量。方法采用HY—PERSILODSC18柱（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）,流动相为甲醇：三乙胺水溶液（0．2％,冰醋酸调pH至5．00）（60：40）,流速1．0ml·min^-1,柱温为室温,检测波长295nm。结果盐酸川芎嗪在4～44μg·ml。线性关系良好（r=0．9999）。盐酸川芎嗪平均回收率为101．25％±4．03％;平均含量为92．43％±0．36％。结论该法专属性好、操作简便、快速准确,可测定注射用盐酸川芎嗪中盐酸川芎嗪的含量。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.