微创内固定系统治疗胫骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的:评价微创内固定系统(LISS)治疗胫骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法:2006年2月至2010年2月应用LISS治疗胫骨远端粉碎性骨折48例,男30例,女18例;年龄18～78岁,平均31.5岁。按AO分类,A3型13例,B1型19例,C1型10例,C2型6例。手术均采用间接复位,小切口手术入路,严格按照LISS操作程序进行。术后1、3、6个月及1年进行随访。结果:所有患者获随访,平均时间12.5个月(6～15个月)。术后均无须石膏外固定,第1天开始进行患肢踝关节主、被动功能锻炼,完全负重时间为12.3周(11～16周)。所有患者无感染、延迟愈合、断钉、断钢板等并发症。手术时间平均50min(45～60min),切口长度平均6cm(5～7cm),按Helfer踝关节功能评分标准,优37例,良7例,可4例。结论:微创内固定系统结合间接复位、小切口技术,具有创伤小、骨折愈合快、固定牢靠、可早期功能锻炼等优点,是治疗胫骨远端复杂性骨折最佳方法之一。     

关节镜辅助下胫骨平台重度粉碎性骨折的固定与重建

目的 探讨胫骨平台重度粉碎性骨折的临床特点及关节镜辅助下进行复位固定的疗效.方法 2007年6月至2010年5月共收治12例胫骨平台重度粉碎性骨折患者,男10例,女2例;年龄19 ～53岁,平均33.8岁.骨折按Schatzker分型:V型4例,Ⅵ型8例.受伤至手术时间为2～15d(平均4.3d).术中先在关节镜下探查膝关节腔内韧带及半月板损伤情况;然后复位胫骨平台干骺端骨折,并在关节镜直视下行胫骨平台关节面塌陷性骨折的顶起复位与充填植骨;最后根据胫骨干骺端骨折部位及复位情况采用侧方钢板固定.结果 12例患者术后获12 ～42个月(平均26个月)随访.12例患者骨折复位情况按Rasmussen胫骨平台骨折影像学评分系统评定:评分为10～17分,平均15.6分;其中优10例,良2例.12例患者骨折均获骨性愈合,骨折愈合时间为3.0～4.5个月(平均3.5个月).术后6个月膝关节功能采用Rasmussen评分系统评定:评分为18 ～28分,平均25.8分;其中优3例,良8例,可1例.随访期间无内固定失效、膝内、外翻畸形及深部感染等并发症发生.结论 关节镜辅助下治疗胫骨平台重度粉碎性骨折具有手术创伤小、恢复快及并发症少等优点.关节镜直视下胫骨平台塌陷关节面的复位与重建是一种安全、可行的微创治疗手段.     

经皮微创锁定钢板治疗胫骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的评价应用胫骨远端内侧解剖型锁定钢板经皮固定治疗胫骨下段粉碎性骨折的效果。方法对26例胫骨下段粉碎性骨折患者以胫骨远端内侧解剖型锁定钢板经皮固定治疗,以临床功能和X线检查评定治疗效果。结果全部患者均获随访,随访时间为11～35个月,平均19个月。骨折平均愈合时间为15．6周,按Tohner—wruhs评分,优17例,良6例,可3例,优良率88％。结论应用胫骨远端内侧解剖型锁定钢板经皮固定治疗胫骨远端粉碎性骨折,创伤小,固定可靠,有利于患者早期功能锻炼,疗效满意。     

闭合复位LISS钢板治疗胫骨近端多段骨折的临床疗效

目的：通过应用闭合复位AO微创内固定系统（LISS）治疗胫骨近端多段骨折,探讨闭合复位LISS固定对该类骨折复位及愈合的影响。方法：2003年7月至2007年12月,采用闭合复位LISS钢板治疗胫骨近端多段骨折19例,男14例,女5例;年龄21—49岁,平均39．2岁;直接暴力致伤15例,间接暴力致伤4例。致伤原因：交通伤14例,高处坠落伤3例,摔伤2例。于术后随访观察患肢功能恢复情况,及摄X线片显示骨痂生成和骨折愈合情况。结果：患者均获随访,时间8-21个月,平均12．2个月。无固定丢失和骨折不愈合,无钢板和螺钉变形,无软组织感染。膝关节功能按Merchan等评分标准评定,优14例,良3例,可2例。结论：采用闭合复位LISS钢板治疗胫骨近端多段骨折,是一种有效的内固定方法,具有稳定固定、愈合率高、创伤低等优点。     

外固定架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床观察

目的：评价外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法：自2008年3月至2009年12月,应用外固定支架或辅以克氏针、“T”形交锁加压钢板（T—LCP）治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折37例,男14例,女23例;年龄30-79岁,平均59．1岁。根据AO分型：Cl型3例,C2型11例,C3型23例。术后定期进行X线和腕关节功能评估。结果：37例患者均获得随访,时间8-24个月,平均12个月,均临床愈合,平均愈合时间8周。根据Gratland—Werley标准进行功能评价：优16例,良17例,可4例,优良率89．0％。结论：外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折可取得满意的临床疗效。     

锁定加压钢板在胫骨远端骨折中的应用

目的探讨锁定加压钢板(LCP)在治疗胫骨远端骨折中的临床疗效。方法2004年1月～2005年8月共收治胫骨远端骨折15例,闭合性骨折10例,开放性骨折5例；骨折按AO分类：B3型3例,C1型4例,C2型6例,C3型2例。采用闭合复位或有限切开撬拨复位,AO胫骨远端锁定加压钢板内固定,术后无需外固定。早期开始踝、膝关节功能锻炼。结果所有患者随访4～16个月,平均8．6个月；骨折均获得愈合,骨痂形成时间4～13周,平均9周。膝、踝关节功能根据Johner-Wruhs关节功能评定标准,优8例,良6例,中1例,优良率为93．3%。结论胫骨干骺端锁定钢板具有操作简便、固定可靠、对骨膜损伤小等明显优点,对于胫骨远端邻近关节骨折,尤其是粉碎性骨折,是一种理想的内固定材料,在临床具有很高的应用价值。     

胫骨远端外侧解剖型钢板治疗胫骨下段粉碎性骨折

目的：探讨应用胫骨远端外侧解剖型钢板治疗胫骨下段粉碎性骨折的疗效。方法：对21例胫骨下段粉碎性骨折患进行切开复位，以通用(国际)医疗器材公司提供的胫骨远端外侧解剖型钢板固定治疗。全部患均随访，平均随访15个月。结果：术后X线检查均解剖复位。骨折平均愈合时间为16周，按Tohner-Wruh评分，优16例，良5例。结论：采用胫骨远端外侧解剖型钢板治疗胫骨下段粉碎性骨折，疗效满意。     

胫骨远端粉碎性骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨胫骨远端粉碎性骨折临床治疗效果。方法 对9例胫骨远端骨折，依据分型，分别用外固定支架及内固定治疗。结果 随访6～13个月，根据Olerud评定标准：优3例，良5例，差1例。结论 无论是外固定支架或内固定治疗，均可使骨折端良好复位，固定可靠，可早期下床功能锻炼.     

闭合复位胫骨交锁钉治疗胫骨下段粉碎性骨折

目的探讨闭合复位胫骨交锁钉治疗胫骨下段粉碎性骨折的疗效．方法采用闭合复位胫骨交锁钉治疗胫骨下段粉碎性骨折患者22例。结果22例随访6-23个月，骨折愈合时间为3～9个月，平均4．3个月，按Johner-Wruh评分标准：优12例，良9例．可1例。结论闭合复位胫骨交锁钉治疗胫骨下段粉碎性骨折提高了骨折愈合率．减少了手术并发症。     

LISS钢板内固定治疗下肢长骨严重粉碎骨折

[目的] 探讨微创内固定系统(less invasive stabilization system,LISS)内固定治疗股骨远端及胫骨近端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效.[方法] 2005年3月-2007年9月采用LISS治疗股骨远端及胫骨近端骨折32例,其中股骨13例,胫骨19例,观察术后骨折愈合情况、并发症及膝关节功能.[结果] 32例平均随访时间16.8个月,骨折全部愈合,平均时间7.8个月.术后骨折对位良好,内固定无松动、失效等并发症,膝关节功能无障碍.[结论] LISS接骨板治疗股骨远端及胫骨近端粉碎性骨折具有创伤小、固定可靠、骨折愈合时间短、并发症少、膝关节功能恢复好等优点.     

Comparison of mid-term clinical results between lag screw fixation and Kirschner wire fixation after close reduction in adolescent triplane distal tibia epiphyseal fracture

ObjectiveTo compare the mid-term clinical results of lag screw and Kirschner wire fixation(KWF) for close reduction in triplane distal tibia epiphyseal fracture.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 25 cases of triplane fractures of the distal tibia treated in our department from Jan 2017 to Dec 2019 was performed, Lag screw fixation(LSF) was used in 14 cases and Kirschner wire fixation in 11 cases, the clinical results were evaluated by premature epiphyseal closure(PPC) rate, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS) Ankle-hindfoot foot scoring system, the lateral distal tibial angle (LDTA) from X-ray.ResultsAll the 25 children were followed up for a mean of 34(ranging 26–52) months. AOFAS scores improved from a mean of 33(ranging 29–43) pre-op, to 82(ranging 77–88) at three month follow up, to 92 (ranging 88–98) at last follow-up in all 25 cases. Till last follow up there was no cases premature physeal closure in LSF group but 4 cases in KWF group, LDTA in both groups at last follow up shows no ankle varus or valgus deformity, and the ankle joint function was not limited in all cases.ConclusionLag screw and Kirschner wire fixation methods can both achieve good clinical effects for triplane distal tibia epiphyseal fracture. Lag screw fixation provide lower PPC rate but Kirschner wire fixation save one anesthesia and surgery.     

外侧微型钢板及克氏针辅助固定治疗儿童肱骨远端骨干-干骺端交界性骨折

目的:探讨外侧微型钢板及克氏针辅助固定治疗儿童肱骨远端骨干-干骺端交界性骨折的手术方法及临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析自2015年1月至2018年12月收治的21例肱骨远端骨干-干骺端交界性骨折患儿,男12例,女9例;年龄2～10岁,平均4.5岁;受伤至手术时间6 h～7 d。影像学资料显示骨折线位于肱骨远端骨干-干骺端交界区域,斜形骨折10例,横形骨折8例,粉碎骨折3例。手术方式均采用切开复位外侧微型钢板及克氏针辅助内固定,采用改良Flynn肘关节评分标准进行临床疗效评价。结果:21例患儿均得到随访,时间8～24个月,平均13个月,愈合时间为6～8周,平均7.2周,术后均未出现骨折再移位、肘内翻畸形及尺神经损伤等并发症。按照改良Flynn肘关节评分标准进行评价,优19例,良2例。结论:儿童肱骨远端骨干-干骺端交界性骨折与肱骨髁上骨折治疗方法不同,采用切开复位外侧微型钢板及克氏针辅助固定治疗具有稳定性强、功能良好、并发症少的优点值得临床推广。     

伴第2跖骨基底部粉碎的Lisfranc损伤的手术治疗

目的 :探讨切开复位内固定治疗伴第2跖骨基底部粉碎的Lisfranc损伤的临床疗效。方法:选取2007年3月至2012年6月伴第2跖骨基底部粉碎的Lisfranc损伤患者7例,男5例,女2例;年龄22~51岁,平均42岁;扭伤4例,交通伤3例。Myerson分型:A型1足,B型3足,C型3足。在手术内固定同时,用克氏针从内侧楔骨至第2跖骨基底部固定Lisfranc韧带。术后采用美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)足评分标准进行功能评估;术前、术后摄X线正位、侧位、斜位片及CT检查,进行影像学评估。结果:所有患者获得随访,时间12~20个月,平均16.8个月。末次随访AOFAS评分(86.1±5.5)分;优3例,良3例,一般1例。所有切口Ⅰ期愈合,未见皮肤坏死,感染,克氏针松动、断裂等并发症。结论:在手术内固定同时,用克氏针固定伴第2跖骨基底部粉碎的Lisfranc韧带损伤,有良好的临床疗效,可避免行关节融合术。     

老年踝关节骨折治疗中腓骨远端内固定方法的个体化选择

目的:探讨老年踝关节骨折治疗中腓骨远端内固定方法的个体化选择及临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2012年5月至2015年4月手术治疗的68例老年踝关节骨折病例,其中男37例,女31例;年龄62~81岁,平均69.2岁。根据Danis-Weber分型:Weber A型19例;Weber B型31例,Weber C型18例。Lauge-Hansen分型:旋后外旋型22例,旋前外旋型18例,旋后内收型19例,旋前外展型9例。所有患者根据骨折类型和个体化差异对腓骨远端骨折采用不同的内固定方法治疗。观察术后临床检查、影像学指标,并采用美国足踝外科学会(AOFAS)踝-后足功能评分进行手术疗效评价。结果:本组Herbert螺钉固定12例,克氏针张力带固定7例,1/3管型钢板固定5例,重建钢板固定6例,腓骨远端解剖复合钢板固定17例,腓骨远端解剖锁定钢板固定21例。术后所有患者均获随访,时间12~26个月,平均17.7个月。切口均Ⅰ期愈合。无感染及皮肤坏死,未出现骨不愈合、踝关节不稳、内固定松动断裂。骨折愈合时间为2.7~4.0个月,平均3.2个月。不同内固定组患者AOFAS评分、VAS评分、踝关节活动度比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);骨折愈合时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。踝关节活动度背伸为6°~18°,平均15°;跖屈26°~47°,平均37°。末次随访时AOFAS评分88.4±4.3,其中优34例,良30例,可4例。结论:在老年踝关节骨折的手术治疗中,采用个体化内固定腓骨远端骨折可以获得良好的临床疗效。     

Fracture of the tibia with additional injury of the ankle joint. A frequent and undervalued combination

Summary There are 2 types of a combined tibia fracture and ankle injury: in Type I the tibia fracture extends directly into the ankle joint, in Type II the tibia fracture goes along with a fracture of the fibula and disruption of the fibular-tibial syndesmosis. This type of fracture must be distinguished from a pilon tibiale fracture. The typical mechanism for this combined tibia and ankle injury is the indirect torsional trauma with pronation-eversion. From 1995 to 1997 188 patients with fractures of the tibia were treated by internal fixation in our Trauma Department. 27 of these patients (13.6 %) had a combined tibia and ankle injury. Most of the tibia fractures were located in the distal third, a spiral fracture (16 patients) or a comminuted fracture (6 patients), and another group extending directly into the ankle (5 patients). The ankle lesion was a distal fibular fracture (Weber Typ B + C) in 14 patients, a proximal fibular fracture (Type maisoneuve) in 6 patients, a postero-lateral fragment in 11 cases and a fracture of the medial melleolus in 10 cases. A disrupture of the anterior tibio-fibular syndesmosis was seen in 18 patients, 3 times as an isolated lesion of the ankle joint without fracture of the fibula. The osteosynthesis of the tibia fracture was performed with an unreamed tibia nail in 20 patients, with elastic-biologic plate fixation in 6 and with external fixation in 1 patient. The fibula fractures were stabilized by small fragment titaneum plates, the dorsolateral fragment and the medial malleolus were stabilized by lag-screws, the tibio-fibular ligament was sutured and, in a few cases only, held in place by a positioning screw. The outcome was controlled after 20,7 month according to the Phillip's Score (1996). We found not more than one pour results. It must be considered, that most of the combined injuries of the tibia and the ankle joint concerning 13,6 % of all tibia shaft fractures are usually not recognized and may result in an arthrosis of the ankle joint. The attention should be focused to the ankle joint in any spiral fractures of the distal tibia after indirect trauma, especially with a proximal fibular fracture or an intact fibula. Additional X-ray examination of the ankle joint is recommended during internal fixation of the tibia. Posttraumatic arthrosis of the ankle joint can be prevented by diagnosis and adequate anatomical reconstruction of the additional ankle joint injury.      

可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝在髌骨下极粉碎性骨折中的临床应用

目的:探讨可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝固定治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法 :自2012年1月至2016年12月,采用可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折80例,其中男45例,女35例;年龄25～60(45.0±2.0)岁,所有骨折为新鲜闭合性骨折。术后6周采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、膝关节屈伸活动范围评估手术预后,术后12个月采用膝关节HSS评分进行疗效评价。结果:患者手术时间(50.2±10.1) min,出血量(20.3±5.2) ml。术后40例患者获得随访,时间12～24(16.0±0.5)个月。术后6周VAS评分为1.8±0.4,膝关节屈伸活动范围为(120.6±1.5)°。所有骨折获得骨性愈合,时间(3.0±0.8)个月。术后12个月膝关节HSS评分95.6±0.6。结论:可吸收线网兜样编织结合张力带钢丝固定治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折具有操作简单、固定可靠、能够恢复髌骨解剖形态,可早期功能锻炼达到快速康复,愈后效果良好等优点,是治疗髌骨下极粉碎性骨折的理想方法之一。     

克氏针撬拨复位石膏外固定治疗儿童尺桡骨远端背靠背骨折

目的：探讨克氏针撬拔复位治疗儿童尺桡骨远端背靠背骨折的疗效及可行性。方法：2010年7月至2012年3月,采用克氏针撬拨复位石膏外固定治疗儿童尺桡骨远端背靠背骨折37例,男24例,女13例;年龄6～13岁,平均9．5岁;伤后至就诊时间4h～3d,均为摔伤,无其他合并伤。结果：37例患者获得随访,时间1-6个月。临床愈合时间21—42d,平均31．5d,所有患者骨性愈合,外观无畸形,无手术治疗。Moed等功能评价结果,优14例,良20例,中3例。结论：运用克氏针撬拔复位、石膏托外固定治疗儿童尺桡骨远端背靠背骨折,既可实现骨折复位后的理想固定,又可早期进行患肢功能锻炼,取得满意疗效。     

闭合复位经皮穿针内固定治疗Bennett骨折

目的：评价一种新型的经皮穿针内固定方法治疗Bennett骨折的疗效。方法：采用闭合复位经皮穿针内固定方法治疗Bennett骨折13例,其中男8例,女5例;年龄20-45岁（平均32岁）;受伤至手术间2-7d,平均4．3d。术后拇指“人”字石膏固定30～41d（平均35d）。以关节面复位情况、疼痛症状及功能评价术后疗效。结果：所有病例均获随访,时间4～9个月（平均6．4个月）,所有病例均达骨性愈合,关节面复位良好。仅有1例活动时有轻度疼痛。患者的握力有不同程度影响。结论：闭合复位经皮穿针内固定操作方法简单、固定确切、效价比高,特别适用于三角形骨块较小的Bennett骨折．     

Fracture of the tibia with additional injury of the ankle joint. A frequent and undervalued combination Eine h?ufige, aber wenig beachtete Kombination

There are 2 types of a combined tibia fracture and ankle injury: in Type I the tibia fracture extends directly into the ankle joint, in Type II the tibia fracture goes along with a fracture of the fibula and disruption of the fibular-tibial syndesmosis. This type of fracture must be distinguished from a pilon tibiale fracture. The typical mechanism for this combined tibia and ankle injury is the indirect torsional trauma with pronation-eversion. From 1995 to 1997 188 patients with fractures of the tibia were treated by internal fixation in our Trauma Department. 27 of these patients (13.6 %) had a combined tibia and ankle injury. Most of the tibia fractures were located in the distal third, a spiral fracture (16 patients) or a comminuted fracture (6 patients), and another group extending directly into the ankle (5 patients). The ankle lesion was a distal fibular fracture (Weber Typ B + C) in 14 patients, a proximal fibular fracture (Type maisoneuve) in 6 patients, a postero-lateral fragment in 11 cases and a fracture of the medial melleolus in 10 cases. A disrupture of the anterior tibio-fibular syndesmosis was seen in 18 patients, 3 times as an isolated lesion of the ankle joint without fracture of the fibula. The osteosynthesis of the tibia fracture was performed with an unreamed tibia nail in 20 patients, with elastic-biologic plate fixation in 6 and with external fixation in 1 patient. The fibula fractures were stabilized by small fragment titaneum plates, the dorsolateral fragment and the medial malleolus were stabilized by lag-screws, the tibio-fibular ligament was sutured and, in a few cases only, held in place by a positioning screw. The outcome was controlled after 20,7 month according to the Phillip's Score (1996). We found not more than one pour results. It must be considered, that most of the combined injuries of the tibia and the ankle joint concerning 13,6 % of all tibia shaft fractures are usually not recognized and may result in an arthrosis of the ankle joint. The attention should be focused to the ankle joint in any spiral fractures of the distal tibia after indirect trauma, especially with a proximal fibular fracture or an intact fibula. Additional X-ray examination of the ankle joint is recommended during internal fixation of the tibia. Posttraumatic arthrosis of the ankle joint can be prevented by diagnosis and adequate anatomical reconstruction of the additional ankle joint injury.