选择骨髂内动脉插管灌注对盆腔恶性肿瘤介入性治疗的手术研究…

本文旨在探讨盆腔恶性肿瘤的介入治疗问题，对４５例患有盆腔恶性肿瘤的患者，采用Ｓｅｌｄｌｎｇｅｒ法，经双侧股动脉插管，先端选择性对侧髂内动脉；或一侧导入肠系膜下动脉；另侧导入髂内动脉，留置导管１２小时，使用突击剂量持续灌注化疗药物，并经手术，Ｂ，ＣＴ，内窥镜及指检等方法进行化疗前后的对比观察，结果：其中病灶消失持续１个月以上者９例，病灶缩小５０％以上并持续超过一个月者２３例，缩小不足５０％，且增大未     

子宫、卵巢癌选择性髂内动脉造影及经导管 动脉灌注栓塞的临床研究

目的　探讨选择性髂内动脉造影及经导管动脉灌注栓塞在子宫、卵巢癌治疗中的应用价值。方法　18例经血管造影证实的子宫、卵巢恶性肿瘤患者,于选择性髂内动脉灌注和/或栓塞后1周(平均值)行肿瘤手术切除,并作对比。结果　选择性动脉造影可清楚显示肿瘤的血供特点。双髂内动脉灌注栓塞后手术切除的12例与单纯双髂内动脉灌注化疗后手术切除的6例相比较;术前灌注加栓塞可使肿瘤明显减小,术中出血极少(平均约50ml),手术野更清楚,肿瘤更有可能完全切除。结论　选择性髂内动脉灌注栓塞在子宫或卵巢恶性肿瘤治疗中具有较好的临床应用价值。     

内耳门周结构对内镜下脑桥小脑三角区手术的影响

目的：研究内耳门周结构对颞骨径路内镜下处理脑桥小脑三角区病变手术的影响，为临床开展相应手术提供参考。方法：在20例40侧成人尸头上模拟颞骨径路内窥镜手术，观察小脑下前动脉及内耳门后唇的变异，了解其对内窥镜导入及其手术的影响。结果：内耳门后唇隆起超过面神经脑桥小脑角段1／3以上者占27．5％(11侧)。小脑下前动脉在Ⅶ、Ⅷ脑神经外侧成袢者占22．5％(9侧)。内耳门后唇隆起合并小脑下前动脉袢在Ⅶ、Ⅷ脑神经之外侧者占7．5％(3侧)。结论：当内耳门后唇隆起超过面神经脑桥小脑角段1／3或小脑下前动脉弓在Ⅶ、Ⅷ脑神经之前时将对内窥镜导入有阻碍，当两种情况合并存在时要将内窥镜导入脑桥小脑三角区相当困难，不宜采用此种手术方式。     

支气管动脉超选择性介入治疗中晚期肺癌

目的 探讨支气管动脉超选择性介入化疗及栓塞治疗肺癌的疗效。方法 58例肺癌病人均行支气管动脉超选择性介入化疗栓塞术，观察治疗前后原发癌灶体积及最大直径与垂直直径的变化，比较肺CT影像学改变；观察栓塞剂用量与癌灶体积之间的关系；观察临床病征、介入并发症等情况，并进行分析。结果 支气管动脉超选择性介入化疗栓塞术治疗肺癌疗效显，术后原发癌灶的体积大多有不同程度缩小，肿瘤最大直径与垂直直径乘积缩小，降低50％以上的占89．66％，栓塞剂用量小，介入并发症出现率低，副反应轻。     

同期腹股沟淋巴结活检在阴茎癌手术治疗中的作用（附52例报告）

目的探讨腹股沟淋巴结活检在阴茎癌手术治疗及二期髂腹股沟淋巴结清扫中的价值。方法对阴茎癌患者在手术切除阴茎原发病灶的同时,行双侧腹股沟淋巴结活检,以确定其病变性质,再根据淋巴结活检阳性者,二期行髂腹股沟淋巴结清扫术。结果52例阴茎癌患者中,高分化鳞癌46例,中分化鳞癌5例,基底细胞癌1例;淋巴结活检：淋巴结炎症与反应性增生者27例,活检阴性者9例,16例活检阳性者,术后二期行髂腹股沟淋巴结清扫术。52例获随访1年～10年,16例活检阳性者中：1例术后1年内死于癌转移,3例存活超过5年,9例存活超过3年,3例现存活已超过2年,随访中。目前存活小于1年者1例,存活1～3年者10例,3～5年者14例,5～10年者27例。结论对于阴茎癌患者在手术切除原发病灶的同时应作双侧腹股沟淋巴结活检,对确定其是否转移及进一步对活检阳性患者行髂腹股沟淋巴结清扫有重要的临床意义。     

中晚期肝癌经肝动脉栓塞化疗24例护理体会

中晚期肝癌经股动脉选择性肝动脉栓塞化疗(以下简称TAE)是在肝动脉造影技术的基础上,采用Seldinger技术,将导管选择性地送入肝左、右动脉,经造影明确肿瘤大小、范围,血供来源,进一步将导管插入病灶血管进行栓塞和化疗,控制晚期肿瘤生长速率,减少微小肿瘤的转移。对中晚期不能承受手术的患者,通过多次TAE治疗,多数患者可起到积极的姑息治疗,缓解症状,缩小晚期肿瘤和延长寿命的作用。少数可使肿     

闭孔动脉的起源及股环与邻近血管的关系

观察了320侧中国成年人闭孔动脉的起源和股环与邻近血管的比邻关系。每侧有一支闭孔动脉的共309例,其中起源于髂内动脉系的254例,起源于髂外动脉系的55例。每侧有两支闭孔动脉的共11例,两动脉均起源于髂内动脉系的二例,两动脉分别起源于髂内动脉系和髂外动脉系的九例。闭孔动脉在髂内动脉系的起源点比较分散,与髂内动脉的分支类型没有什么关系。起源于髂外动脉系的异常闭孔动脉,按侧别计,其出现率为20％;按尸体计,其出现率为33.13％。中国人的异常闭孔动脉的出现率与日本人接近,而低于欧美人。异常闭孔动脉的出现率在左、右侧之间和男、女性之间均无显著差异。分析了异常闭孔动脉的行程及其与股环的位置关系,其中具有临床意义的是闭孔动脉行经股环的内侧、紧贴陷窝韧带的后方下行,出现率占总数的5％,较其他作者所报导的出现率高,值得重视。此外,在42.5％的标本中,有较大的静脉行经股环内侧汇入髂外静脉。     

肝血管瘤肝动脉栓塞的疗效评价(附26例报告)

目的 对经肝动脉途径介入栓塞肝血管瘤临床疗效进行评估。方法 26例肝血管瘤患者，男11例，女15例，年龄30-68岁，中位年龄44岁。肝左叶9例，右叶7例，两叶均有者10例；肝内单发病灶6例，多发者20例。有上腹隐痛、闷胀不适、贫血及腹部包块等症状者8例，无症状18例，均为查体时行B超探及。全部病例经B超、CT、核素扫描、肝动脉造影确诊。采用DSA设备，以Seldinger氏法经股动脉穿刺插管，行选择性肝动脉、肠系膜上动脉造影并栓塞。其中，9例行2次栓塞，17例为1次栓塞。栓塞材料采用超液态碘油 平阳霉紊 明胶海绵混合乳剂。结果 随访3个月～3年，8例有症状者均逐渐减轻、消失；CT复查示病灶内碘油沉积尚致密，范围不同程度缩小，部分显示钙化斑，16例缩小10％，6例缩小32．7％。结论 肝动脉栓塞治疗肝血管瘤临床疗效确切，患者痛苦小、微创伤、操作安全、简便、恢复快，可重复治疗；肝动脉造影对临床鉴别诊断、制订治疗方案及预后评价有不可替代的作用。     

下肢动脉血管再通修复重建对下肢动脉缺血导致创面修复的影响

目的 探讨下肢动脉血管再通修复重建对下肢动脉缺血导致创面修复的影响。方法 2003年6月至2007年5月对226例下肢动脉缺血导致创面的患者分为未行下肢动脉血管再通修复重建的患者118例和行下肢动脉血管再通修复重建的患者（包括经皮腔内血管成形修复及支架置入术、人工或自体血管搭桥动脉旁路移植术、动脉血管内膜硬化斑剥脱血管成型修复、动脉血管切开取栓和大网膜移植血流再通重建术）108例共两组，采用超声彩色多普勒和选择性血管造影进行检查是否存在下肢动脉的缺血，分析创面的愈合情况（包括创面愈合时间、截肢率和复发率等）。结果 （1）226例下肢动脉缺血形成的创面中足部感染或溃疡197例（87％，197／226），小腿皮肤慢性感染和溃疡29例（13％，29／226）。创面〈1cm者59例（26％，59／226），创面1～2cm者77例（34％，77／226），创面2～5cm者63例（28％，63／226），创面〉5cm者27例（12％，27／226）；（2）226例行超声彩色多普勒检查阳性结果201例（阳性率89％，201／226），其中完全闭塞者48例（24％，48／201），重度狭窄者71例（35％，71／201），中度狭窄者82例（41％，82／201）；（3）行选择性血管造影者192例，检测阳性结果为167例（87％，167／192），其中髂总动脉＋髂外动脉＋股动脉闭塞或狭窄者23例（14％，23／167），髂外动脉＋股动脉闭塞或狭窄者39例（23％，39／167），股动脉＋腘动脉闭塞或狭窄者58例（35％，58／167），腘动脉下动脉血管闭塞或狭窄者47例（28％，47／167）；（4）在108例下肢动脉血管再通修复重建的患者中，经皮腔内血管成形修复再通重建（PTA）及支架置入术32例（30％，32／108），人工或自体血管搭桥动脉旁路移植血管修复再通重建（髂-股动脉、髂-腘动脉、股-股动脉、股-腘动脉、股-胫前或后动脉）术36例（33％，36／108），动脉血管内膜硬化斑剥脱血管成型修复再通重建术25例（23％，25／108），动脉血管切开取栓再通术11例（10％，11／108），大网膜移植血流再通重建术4例（4％，4／108）；（5）行和未行下肢动脉血管再通修复重建的患者相比，创面愈合的天数平均缩短（25±3）天（P〈0．05），行下肢动脉血管再通修复重建的患者截肢率为7％（7／108），复发率为8％（8／108），未行下肢动脉血管再通修复重建的患者截肢率为14％（16／118），复发率为27％（32／118）。结论 在下肢动脉缺血导致下肢或足部创面的愈合的过程中，下肢动脉血管再通修复重建起非常关键的作用。     

支气管动脉灌注治疗中晚期肺癌258例临床分析

目的探讨经支气管动脉灌注抗癌药治疗中晚期肺癌的方法和疗效。方法258例中晚期肺癌患者进行687次支气管动脉灌注化疗,2次治疗137例,3次和3次以上121例。统计分析治疗效果。结果258例肺癌患者中,完全缓解(CR)125例,部分缓解(PR)83例,稳定(NC)29例,进展(PD)21例;支气管动脉造影显示肿瘤单病灶染色83例,多病灶染色175例。结论应用支气管动脉灌注抗癌药治疗中晚期肺癌,近期效果使肿瘤缩小,患者症状改善,副作用低于全身静脉化疗。     

Phase 1 study of stereotactic body radiotherapy and interleukin-2--tumor and immunological responses

Preclinical models suggest that focal high-dose radiation can make tumors more immunogenic. We performed a pilot study of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) followed by high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) to assess safety and tumor response rate and perform exploratory immune monitoring studies. Patients with metastatic melanoma or renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who had received no previous medical therapy for metastatic disease were eligible. Patients received one, two, or three doses of SBRT (20 Gy per fraction) with the last dose administered 3 days before starting IL-2. IL-2 (600,000 IU per kilogram by means of intravenous bolus infusion) was given every 8 hours for a maximum of 14 doses with a second cycle after a 2-week rest. Patients with regressing disease received up to six IL-2 cycles. Twelve patients were included in the intent-to-treat analysis, and 11 completed treatment per the study design. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria were used to assess overall response in nonirradiated target lesions. Eight of 12 patients (66.6%) achieved a complete (CR) or partial response (PR) (1 CR and 7 PR). Six of the patients with PR on computed tomography had a CR by positron emission tomography imaging. Five of seven (71.4%) patients with melanoma had a PR or CR, and three of five (60%) with RCC had a PR. Immune monitoring showed a statistically significantly greater frequency of proliferating CD4(+) T cells with an early activated effector memory phenotype (CD3(+)CD4(+)Ki67(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(-)CCR7(-)CD45RA(-)CD27(+)CD28(+/-)) in the peripheral blood of responding patients. SBRT and IL-2 can be administered safely. Because the response rate in patients with melanoma was significantly higher than expected on the basis of historical data, we believe that the combination and investigation of CD4(+) effector memory T cells as a predictor of response warrant further study.     

Fertility-preserving treatment with progestin, and pathological criteria to predict responses, in young women with endometrial cancer

BACKGROUND: There are therapeutic dilemmas regarding conservative management of endometrial cancer in young women. METHODS: We planned a prospective study to conservatively treat women aged under 40 years with clinical stage 1A, grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma from 1999 to 2005. There were nine women (aged 28-40) who fulfilled the criteria, and medroxyprogesterone acetate (400 mg/day) was continued for 6 months. Curettage materials were pathologically evaluated according to our criteria including partial response (PR) (a small amount of cancer tissue with remarkable hormonal effects or atypical hyperplasia). To predict complete response (CR) to progestin, immunohistochemical staining for insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor, phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten, progesterone receptor (PgR), estrogen receptor and Ki67 were assessed. RESULTS: Seven (78%) and two cases presented complete and PRs, respectively. Two patients developed recurrent disease 10 and 22 months after the last dilatation and curettage, and both had synchronous ovarian cancer. However, all nine patients were alive and disease-free for a mean of 39 months. Of eight married patients, four (50%) conceived and three delivered full-term singletons. CR was related to positive expression of PgR (P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with an initial PR can obtain CR after further treatment, and the PgR may be useful in predicting CR to fertility-preserving treatment in young women with endometrial cancer.     

About the arterial blood vessels pelvic opossum's (Didelphis albiventris) behaviour

The work consists of the study of 20 opossums (Didelphis albiventris); 7 females and 13 males, adults, natives of Jaboticabal county proceeding to a cannulation and injection of the arterial system with neoprene latex-650 in the aorta artery (full-blooded). Right away the preparations were fixed by a 10% formaldehyde aqueous solution and afterwards dissected and formed a scheme. The analysis of the pieces showed that in the opossum, the end of the aorta always divides in the common iliac artery, right and left sides, both originating the external and internal iliac artery, on the right and left sides. The medium sacral artery results, medianly, from the aorta division's angle in 2 common iliac arteries in 8 cases (40%-6 males and 2 females); this vessel comes from the left common iliac artery in 7 animals (35%-5 males and 2 females) or comes from the right common iliac artery, in 5 preparations (25%-3 females and 2 males). The deep iliac circumflex artery is born by the common iliac artery from the right side in 10 preparations (50%-6 males and 4 females); can appear as well, concomitantly with the external and internal iliac artery, from the right side in 9 pieces (45%-6 males and 3 females) and further from the right this vessels can emerge from the external iliac artery, in 1 case only (5%-1 male).     

单药替吉奥胶囊治疗老年晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的：观察单药替吉奥胶囊治疗晚期胃癌的临床疗效及毒副反应。方法：选择50例经病理证实的老年晚期胃癌患者,随机分为治疗组32例及对照组18例。治疗组根据体表面积给予替吉奥胶囊治疗,对照组给予营养等最佳支持治疗。每2周期后行影像学检查评价疗效、记录不良反应及随访情况。结果：治疗组32例患者CR(完全缓解)0例,PR(部分缓解)10例,SD(病情稳定)12例,PD(病情进展)10例,临床总缓解率31.3%,临床获益率68.8%。治疗组中位无疾病进展时间及中位生存期分别为5.7及11.5个月,对照组分别为3.1及7.6个月。毒副反应主要为I-III度骨髓抑制、消化道反应、肝功能损伤及手足综合症。结论：单药替吉奥胶囊治疗老年晚期胃癌效果肯定,生活质量高、毒副作用小。     

Surgical repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm concomitant with iliac arterial disease using InterGard? Quadrifurcated

InterGard? Quadrifurcated [InterVascular S.A. (MAQUET Cardiovascular), La Ciotat, France], a knitted quadrifurcated prosthetic graft, is useful to simplify the procedures for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm concomitant with iliac arterial disease. From March 2008 to April 2010, 59 patients underwent abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in our department. InterGard? Quadrifurcated was used in 22 patients (37.3%). All patients were male with a mean age of 72.1 ± 12.1 years (range from 45 to 90 years). Four were emergency cases. Nineteen patients had common iliac arterial lesions, and 19 patients had internal iliac arterial lesions. In addition to abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, reconstruction of bilateral internal iliac arteries was performed in 4 patients, reconstruction of unilateral internal iliac artery in 15 (right 6, left 9), and internal mesenteric artery in 13. There was one hospital death due to nonocclusive mesenteric infarction. There were two complications, which were intestinal perforation and intestinal obstruction. All of these three cases were emergency cases. Computed tomography scan 1 week after operation showed that all reconstructed grafts were patent. Although patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm concomitant with iliac arterial disease had many preoperative comorbidities, surgical results with InterGard? Quadrifurcated were satisfactory. It is useful to simplify the procedures for these patients.     

放射性核素89Sr治疗前列腺癌骨转移

目的:探讨利用89Sr治疗前列腺癌骨转移的临床效果.方法:选取47例前列腺癌骨转移病人,采用静脉滴注89Sr的方法进行治疗,每6个月注射一次.结果:89Sr治疗前列腺癌骨转移患者不但可使骨转移疼痛缓解(91.7%),而且对骨转移肿瘤灶有显著的治疗作用(85.11%).结论:放射性核素治疗方法简单,副作用较小,治疗效果较...     

肿瘤标志物CEA、CA15-3和CA125在乳腺癌化疗疗效评估中的价值

目的：探讨CEA、CA15-3以及CA125在监测乳腺癌化疗疗效评估中的价值。方法：选择2005年6月～2008年1月在我科行化疗的晚期乳腺癌患者共45例，采用化学发光法测定血清CEA、CA15-3和CA125水平。化疗方案采用标准FAC、AC-D、DA、XD、GC等方案。化疗临床疗效评价采用WHO标准，肿瘤标志物疗效评价标准参考Bac[1]等的方法。结果：治疗后CEA、CA15-3在完全缓解组（CR）和部分缓解组（PR）组出现明显减低、进展组（PD）组明显升高（P〈0.05），而在稳定组（SD）组则无显著变化（P〉0.05）；CA125在CR和PR组出现显著降低（P〈0.05），在SD、PD组治疗前后无显著变化（P〉0.05）。CEA、CA15-3、CA125以及三者联合进行的肿瘤标志物评价与临床疗效评价的总符合率分别为60.0%（27/45）、55.6%（25/45）、31.1%（14/45）和73%（33/45）。结论：CEA、CA15-3和CA125可较好地监测乳腺癌化疗疗效，三者联检将提高监测效果。     

Branching patterns of the male internal iliac artery: imaging findings

The aim of this study was to establish the imaging findings of the main branching patterns of the male internal iliac arteries, using different imaging modalities (angio MR, angio CT and digital angiography). Twenty-one males (mean age 73.2 years) underwent imaging evaluation with angio MR, angio CT and digital angiography to define the internal iliac artery anatomy before selective embolization of the pelvic arteries. All three modalities were used in 3 patients, angio MR and digital angiography in 17 patients, angio CT and digital angiography in 6 patients and only angio CT in 1 patient. Internal iliac arteries were classified into four groups using the Yamaki classification (modified from the Adachi’s classification). Twenty-six pelvic sides were classified as Group A (61.9%), 13 as Group B (31%) and 3 as Group C (7.1%) with no cases of Group D found. Angio MR, angio CT and digital angiography were able to detect most branches of the internal iliac artery. Group A was the most frequent internal iliac artery branching pattern. Angio CT showed better detailed anatomy than angio MR and digital angiography was considered the gold-standard. Non-invasive vascular imaging with angio MR or angio CT is essential before invasive interventions, allowing better planning of the procedure.     

经CDFI引导125I粒子植入治疗转移性浅表肿瘤疗效观察

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声（CDFI）引导下125I粒子组织间植入治疗转移性浅表肿瘤的疗效。方法回顾性分析156例确诊为恶性转移性浅表肿瘤患者进行125I粒子治疗结果,利用薄层CT扫描图像进行计算机三维治疗计划系统（TPS）术前计划、术中调整、术后验证粒子分布及数量。局部浸润麻醉后,CDFI引导下植入125I粒子。结果术后3个月,16.7%（26/156）患者肿瘤完全缓解,51.3%（80/156）患者肿瘤部分缓解,21.1%（33/156）肿瘤稳定,10.9%（17/156）肿瘤进展,总有效率（CR＋PR）为68%。术后6个月,18.6%（29/156）患者肿瘤完全缓解,53.2%（83/156）患者肿瘤部分缓解,22.4%（35/156）肿瘤稳定,5.8%（9/156）肿瘤进展,总有效率（CR＋PR）为71.8%。无严重皮肤反应、骨髓抑制及其它并发症发生。结论 CDFI引导下125I粒子植入治疗转移性浅表肿瘤具有方法简单、定位准确、疗效确切、无严重并发症等优点,是一种安全的微创治疗手段。