闭合复位股骨大粗隆入路交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折

目的探讨闭合复位股骨大粗隆入路交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折的方法与疗效。方法回顾性分析自2009年2月～2011年5月采用闭合复位股骨大粗隆入路交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折37例。结果 33例获得随访,时间9～21个月,平均13个月。骨折平均愈合时间(20.8±1.3)周。3例出现患肢短缩,但均小于1.5 cm。术中没有出现神经牵拉伤及并发股骨颈骨折。A型骨折中有4例静力化锁钉改动力化锁钉,余29例持续静力化锁钉,无断钉及退钉。术后患者髋膝关节功能优良率为97%。结论股骨大粗隆入路交锁髓内钉闭合复位内固定是治疗股骨干骨折的有效方法。     

闭合复位交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干粉碎性骨折的临床体会

目的探讨采用闭合复位交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折的疗效。方法对2010年2月至2012年5月,采用闭合复位交锁髓内钉治疗20例股骨于骨折的疗效进行回顾性分析。结果本组手术时间平均80—120分钟．平均100分钟．术中均未输血。20例患者均获随访,随访时间7～16个月,平均随访时间11．5个月。术后7～13周X线可见骨痂生长,平均8．9周;术后14～22周患者去拐行走,平均19．5周。膝关节功能评分按照Hohl功能评价,优12例,良5例,可2例,差1例,优良率85％。本组无医源性骨折、医源性神经损伤、深静脉血栓形成、肺栓塞、感染,无髓内钉断裂或锁钉断裂等严重并发症。结论闭合复位带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折,具有股骨干骨折手术时间短、骨折愈合快、关节功能恢复好、并发症少等优点,值得临床推广。     

闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折

目的探讨闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法对16例股骨干骨折患者采用闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定。结果 16例均获得随访,时间4~18个月,骨折均愈合。无感染、内固定断裂、脂肪栓塞等发生。疗效按Tohner-Wrnch标准评定:优13例,良3例。结论闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折创伤小,失血少,手术时间短,骨折愈合快,功能恢复快,疗效满意。     

闭合复位交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干粉碎骨折的临床研究

目的探讨闭合复位交锁髓内钉治疗粉碎性股骨干骨折的方法和临床效果。方法自2003—2009年对39例粉碎性股骨干骨折采用闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定,男26例,女13例;年龄23～72岁,平均43岁。骨折类型按W inqu ist-H em gen分类,Ⅰ型13例,Ⅱ型9例,Ⅲ型11例,Ⅳ型6例。结果 39例均获随访,随访时间为3～18个月,平均8.5个月。骨折全部愈合,无患肢缩短大于2 cm、外旋大于10°的畸形,膝、髋关节活动良好,无弯钉、断钉及拔钉后再骨折等并发症发生。按马元璋等[1]的评价标准判定,优25例,良10例,可3例,差1例,优良率达89.47%。结论闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定操作简单,同时具有防旋转及防压缩等特性,是治疗粉碎性股骨干骨折较好的治疗方法。     

单臂外固定架辅助闭合复位治疗股骨干多节段骨折

目的探讨单臂外固定架辅助闭合复位,交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干多节段骨折手术方法及疗效。方法采用单臂外固定架辅助闭合复位,交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干多节段骨折14例。结果本组均获7~24个月随访,平均15.3个月,骨折愈合时间14~25周,平均愈合时间16.8周。所有骨折均愈合,无断钉或邻近关节功能障碍。肢体功能恢复按Karlstron标准评价:优12例,良2例。结论单臂外固定架辅助闭合复位,交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干多节段骨折创伤小,操作简单,复位有效,骨折愈合率高,并发症发生率低。     

闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折

目的探讨应用闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定治疗股骨干骨折的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2007年2月至2008年1月应用闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定技术治疗股骨干骨折患者123例,男94例,女29例;年龄24～54岁,平均39岁;开放性骨折27例,闭合性骨折96例。根据AO分型：A型46例,B型38例,C型39例。结果 A型骨折手术时间45～62 min,平均53 min;B型骨折手术时间49～68 min,平均59 min;C型骨折手术时间48～82min,平均67 min。3例股骨近端内侧皮质粉碎骨折或骨折向内成角,其中1例髋内翻;4例骨折远端出现劈裂;1例膝关节外翻;5例术锁钉断裂或退出;1例主钉断裂;8例出现不同程度的神经牵拉伤。无一例出现深静脉血栓、肺栓塞和感染并发症。其中112例获得随访,随访时间为12～20个月,平均16个月。A型和B型骨折78例中39例行静力改动力化锁钉,骨折平均愈合时间为6个月;另39例行持续静力化锁钉,骨折平均愈合时间为8个月。C型骨折平均愈合时间为12个月。无一例患者出现骨折不愈合。术后患者髋膝关节功能优良率为98%。结论闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定术是治疗股骨干骨折的有效方法之一。     

钢板与交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折的疗效比较

目的探讨钢板与交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法对110例股骨干骨折患者分别采用闭合复位交锁髓内钉内固定(交锁髓内钉组,45例)和切开复位钢板内固定(钢板组,65例)治疗。比较两组患者术中出血量、手术时间、骨折愈合时间、并发症及术后12个月HSS评分。结果患者均获得随访,时间12～36个月。术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、并发症发生率及术后12个月HSS评分交锁髓内钉组均少(优)于钢板组(P 0. 05),手术时间两组比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。结论采用交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折,失血少、愈合时间快、功能恢复满意。     

不同手术方式治疗股骨干骨折的比较研究

目的对比研究不同手术方式治疗股骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法 106例股骨干骨折分为3组,A组(23例)采用闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定,B组(61例)采用切开复位交锁髓内钉固定,C组(22例)采用切开复位钢板内固定。结果 3组骨折愈合时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在手术时间、出血量、膝关节功能障碍发生率、切口感染率、骨不连发生率等方面存在不同的差异。结论股骨干骨折闭合复位宜选用交锁髓内钉固定,而切开复位宜选用钢板内固定。     

闭合复位国产改进型交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折疗效观察

目的观察闭合复位国产改进型交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2017-01—2019-01采用国产改进型交锁髓内钉内固定治疗的23例股骨干骨折。采用创生公司生产的改进型股骨交锁髓内钉,术前进行影像学测量选取合适长度及直径的髓内钉。结果 23例均获得随访,随访时间9~18个月。术后未发现切口延迟愈合、感染、股骨畸形愈合、肢体短缩、内固定失败等并发症。1例术后6个月复查骨折端未见明显骨痂形成,动力化后10个月骨折临床愈合;其余患者术后复查X线片示骨折愈合良好,骨折临床愈合时间平均4.5个月。末次随访时采用Karistrom-Olerud标准评定疗效:优4例,良17例,可2例,优良率91.3%。结论闭合复位国产改进型交锁髓内钉内固定治疗股骨干骨折手术操作简单,术中远端锁钉方式应用灵活,固定安全可靠,疗效满意。     

小切口辅助复位与闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定治疗简单股骨干骨折的疗效分析

目的探讨小切口辅助复位与闭合复位交锁髓内钉固定治疗简单股骨干骨折的疗效。方法 58例简单股骨干骨折分别采用小切口复位(31例)与闭合复位(27例)交锁髓内钉固定治疗,并进行比较分析。结果术后58例均获平均随访13(11~48)个月。31例小切口复位者均骨性愈合,恢复良好。27例闭合复位者中18例正常愈合,7例延迟愈合,2例骨不连。结论小切口辅助复位较闭合复位能缩短手术时间及骨折愈合时间,降低骨折不愈合率,是一种治疗简单股骨干骨折的较好方法。     

Locked intramedullary femoral nailing without fracture table or image intensifier

The present retrospective study aims to evaluate the outcome in 41 patients of femoral shaft fractures, who had closed intramedullary nailing in lateral decubitus position without fracture table or image intensifier. Mean age was 33.2 (range, 18–70) years. The cannulated reamer in proximal fragment (as intramedullary joystick) and Schanz screw in the distal fragment (as percutaneous joystick) were simultaneously used to assist closed reduction of the fracture without the use of image intensifier. Closed reduction was successful in 38 patients. Open reduction was required in 3 patients. Schanz screw was used for closed reduction in 12 patients. Average number of intra-operative radiographic exposures was 4.4. Two patients had exchange nailing using large diameter nails. One patient had nonunion. Angular and rotatory malalignments were observed in seven patients. We are of the opinion that the present technique is a safe and reliable alternative to achieve closed locked intramedullary nailing and is best suited to stable, less comminuted (Winquist–Hansen types I and II) diaphyseal fractures of the femur.     

髓内钉结合空心钉治疗股骨髁部骨折

目的 :观察逆行髓内钉结合空心钉治疗股骨髁部骨折的临床疗效。方法 :回顾性分析2009年6月至2015年6月收治的股骨髁部粉碎性骨折患者13例,均使用逆行髓内钉结合空心钉治疗,男6例,女7例;年龄19~76岁,平均46.1岁。闭合性骨折10例,开放性骨折3例;骨折按AO分型:C1型4例,C2型7例,C3型2例。术后观察骨折复位及膝关节功能恢复情况。结果:13例全部获得随访,时间12~36个月,平均24个月。X线复查示骨折愈合时间为18~24周,平均21周,无内固定物松动、断裂及再骨折病例。手术后1年膝关节HSS评分90.07±4.99。结论:股骨逆行髓内钉结合空心螺钉治疗股骨髁间骨折临床疗效优良,能提高股骨髁部骨折的解剖复位率,减少并发症发生,促进膝关节功能恢复。     

非扩髓闭合交锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折

目的　观察与分析闭合非扩髓交锁髓内钉技术治疗股骨干骨折的临床疗效与优点。方法　应用闭合非扩髓交锁髓内钉技术治疗新鲜股骨干骨折 2 83例。 2 83例患者均进行了 1次以上随访 ,随访时间为 3个月～ 4年 (平均随访时间 30个月 )。结果　骨折愈合时间 9～ 15周 ,平均 12周。术后3个月时 ,膝关节伸屈活动已与伤前相仿 ,无一例发生感染 ,无患肢疼痛、肿胀或关节僵硬等并发症。2 4例C型骨折中有 3例患肢短缩 1cm ,2例患肢轻度内翻 ,但成角 <7° ,1例交锁髓内钉在远端交锁螺钉孔处发生断裂。结论　闭合非扩髓交锁髓内钉内固定手术创伤小、保留了骨折处的血肿、不剥离骨折周围软组织、较少破坏骨内膜血供 ,为骨折愈合提供了良好的条件。同时 ,可进行早期功能锻炼 ,从而可防止关节肿胀、僵硬等骨折并发症发生 ,是目前治疗股骨干骨折较为理想的方法     

Surgical factors contributing to nonunion in femoral shaft fracture followingintramedullary nailing

Purpose: To explore the possible surgical factors related with nonunion in femoral shaft fracture following intramedullary nailing. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed totally 425 patients with femoral shaft fracture in level I urban trauma center, including 254 males and 171 females, with an average age of 37.6 (ranging from 21 to 56) years old. The inclusion criteria included: (1) traumatically closed fracture of femoral shaft, with preoperative films showing non-comminuted fracture, such as transverse fracture, oblique fracture or spiral fracture; (2) closed reduction and fixation with interlocking intramedullary nail at 3e7 days after trauma; (3) complete follow-up data available. The relationship between the following factors (fracture site, reduction degree, direction of nail insertion and nail size) and nonunion was studied. Results: The incidence of femoral nonunion was 2.8% in patients with closed simple fracture undergoing interlocking intrameduallary nailing, including 11 cases of hypertrophic nonunion. Nonunion was related significantly to distal fracture, unsatisfactory reduction and unreamed nail (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between antegrade nail and retrograde nail (p>0.05). Conclusions: Nonunion in femoral shaft facture following interlocking intramedullary nailing is related to fracture site, fracture reduction and nail diameter. The choice of reamed nails or unreamed nails depends on the fracture site and reduction degree.     

Intramedullary locked nailing in the treatment of proximal femoral fractures]

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is evaluation of results of operative treatment the proximal femoral fractures with intramedullary locked nailing. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In years 1996-2004 44 patients were treated because of proximal femoral fractures with closed reduction and stabilization with intramedullary locked nailing. There were 15 women and 29 men in average age 60 years (18-95 years). There were 2 femoral neck fractures and 42 peritrochanteric fractures. The fracture of femoral shaft in 2 patients accompanied the fracture of proximal part of femur. The morphology of fractures was estimated according to AO classification. Clinical results were evaluated with Harris hip score (HHS). RESULTS: The average follow up is 8 months (from 6 to 24 months). There was good reduction of 27 fractures on postoperative radiograms. The average 15 degrees of varus lack of reduction was noted in 17 peritrochanteric fractures (from l0 to 35 degrees). There were mainly 31.A.3 unstable fractures according to AO classification. 3 patients died during three postoperative months from causes not connected with operative treatment. 39 fractures united in the period from 10 to 16 weeks. Delayed union--after 6 months occurred in 2 persons. Fatigue fracture of intramedullary rods occurred to both of this patients. The average Harris Hip Score was 86 points (from 70 to 100 points) after union of fractures. CONCLUSIONS: (1) The use of intramedullary locked nailing in the treatment of fractures of proximal part of femur leads to union without additional immobilization. (2) Closed intramedullary locked nailing in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures is connected with the risk of varus malalignment of fragments, which does not delay union, but decreases functional outcome. (3) Proper operative technique decreases the number of intra- and postoperative complications.     

Fractures of the femur treated by intramedullary nailing using the fluted rod. A report of 193 consecutive cases.

One hundred ninety-three of 196 acute nonpathologic femoral shaft fractures were treated consecutively with intramedullary nailing using the fluted rod. Closed intramedullary nailing was used in 126 fractures, and an open technique was used in 67. This series includes 58 open fractures and 104 comminuted fractures. All fractures treated with the fluted rod united. Complications included three superficial infections (1.5%). Malrotation greater than 20 degrees was noted in six patients (3.1%). Significant shortening (5 cm), which required treatment, occurred in one patient. After initial resuscitation and evaluation, routine treatment included preoperative traction and a first-generation cephalosporin followed by accurate reduction and nailing of the fracture. The results of this series suggest that the fluted rod may be ideal for the treatment of most femoral shaft fractures.     

Treatment of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures

Objective：To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment options and causes of misdiagnosis of ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures.
Methods： Among 20 patients with ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures, 19 were treated operatively and 1 was treated conservatively. Sixteen cases of femoral shaft fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with compressive plate, and 2 cases were treated with interlocking intramedullary nailing. Eighteen femoral neck fractures were treated with cannulated screws. Another patient was treated with proximal femoral nail to fix both the neck and shaft. Delayed diagnosis for femoral neck frac-tures occurred in 2 cases preoperatively. Results： A total of 19 patients were followed up. The follow up period ranged from 5 to 48 months with an average of 15 months. All the fractures were healed.
Conclusion： For case of femoral shaft fracture caused by high energy injury, an AP pelvic film should be routinely taken. Once the femoral neck fracture is recognized, operative reduction and fixation should be performed in time. Femoral neck and shaft fractures should be fixed separately.     

闭合复位带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折

目的：探讨闭合复位带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折的临床疗效.方法：自2006年3月至2011年12月采用闭合复位带锁髓内钉治疗103例股骨干骨折患者,其中男76例,女27例;年龄19～55岁,平均36岁.按照AO分型：A型64例,B型27例,C型12例;开放性骨折13例（Gustilo Ⅰ型5例,Ⅱ型8例）.观察术后患者骨折愈合时间,并采用膝关节HSS评分标准对术后1年膝关节功能恢复情况进行评价.结果：术中发生股骨颈骨折1例,股骨近端骨折1例,均于术中更换重建钉固定,术后骨折愈合.术中发生腓总神经损伤1例,营养神经治疗4个月后恢复.103例患者全部获得随访,时间12～28个月,平均22个月.全部患者获得骨性愈合,愈合时间3～9个月,平均5个月.髋关节功能全部恢复正常,术后1年膝关节行HSS评分平均90.89±5.06.结论：注重手术操作,力求闭合复位,减少并发症,带锁髓内钉是治疗股骨干骨折的首选方法.     

Fresh femoral shaft fractures treated with un-reamed intramedullary nail: 203 cases

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the experience treating fresh femoral shaft fractures with un-reamed intramedullary nail. METHODS: 203 cases of fresh femoral shaft fractures who had been treated with un-reamed intramedullary nail from November. 1995 to January. 1999 were analyzed retrospectively. 18 cases were open, classified as Gustilo I, and. 185 cases were closed. Traction table and image intensifier were used during operation. Closed reduction, un-reamed and free hand distal locking technique were used. Active movements of nearby joints were encouraged and partial weight bearing of 10 - 15 kg were allowed right after operation. RESULTS: All 203 cases of fresh femoral shaft fractures got bone union within 4 - 6 months. No case of delayed union and infection happened. 1 distal locking screw was broken. All patients gained normal extremity functions. CONCLUSION: Un-reamed intramedullary nailing of fresh femoral shaft fracture has less damage to the local soft tissue and blood supply. It has a relative stable fracture fixation, and less interruption to the healing procedure. It is one of the best methods for treating femoral fracture.     

Prospective randomized study of reamed versus unreamed femoral intramedullary nailing: an assessment of procedures

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the procedure of unreamed femoral nailing is simpler, faster, and safer than reamed femoral intramedullary nailing. DESIGN: Prospective randomized. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: One hundred femoral shaft fractures without significant concomitant injuries admitted to an academic Level 1 urban trauma center. INTERVENTION: Stabilization of the femoral shaft fracture using a reamed or unreamed technique. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The surgical time, estimated blood loss, fluoroscopy time, and perioperative complications were prospectively recorded. RESULTS: One hundred patients with 100 femoral shaft fractures were correctly prospectively randomized to the study. Thirty-seven patients received reamed and sixty-three patients received unreamed nails. All nails were interlocked proximally and distally. The average surgical time for the reamed nail group was 138 minutes and for unreamed nail group was 108 minutes (p = 0.012). The estimated blood loss for the reamed nail group was 278 milliliters and for the unreamed nail group 186 milliliters (p = 0.034). Reamed intramedullary nailing required an average of 4.72 minutes, whereas unreamed nailing required 4.29 minutes of fluoroscopy time. Seven perioperative complications occurred in the reamed nail group and eighteen in the unreamed nail group. Two patients in the unreamed group required an early secondary procedure. Iatrogenic comminution of the fracture site occurred during three reamed and six unreamed intramedullary nailings. Reaming of the canal was required before the successful placement of three nails in the unreamed group because of canal/nail diameter mismatch. CONCLUSIONS: Unreamed femoral intramedullary nailing involves fewer steps and is significantly faster with less intraoperative blood loss than reamed intramedullary nailing. The unreamed technique, however, was associated with a higher incidence of perioperative complications, although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.5).