急性创伤性髌骨外侧脱位后内侧髌股韧带和股骨外侧髁关节软骨损伤的MRI分析

目的探讨急性创伤性髌骨外侧脱位后内侧髌股韧带(MPFL)和股骨外侧髁关节软骨损伤的MRI特点。方法回顾性分析51例经临床证实的急性创伤性髌骨外侧脱位患者的MRI资料。51例病例均行常规MRI矢状面、冠状面和横断面T1WI、T2WI、脂肪抑制FSE双回波序列扫描,并与手术结果相对照。结果急性创伤性髌骨外侧脱位后,MPFL损伤发生率为100%,其中完全性MPFL撕裂31例,部分性MPFL撕裂20例,股骨侧撕裂30例,髌骨侧撕裂19例,体部撕裂2例,MRI诊断MPFL部分性撕裂的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为85%、93.5%和90.2%,MRI诊断完全MPFL撕裂的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为93.5%、85%和90.2%。股骨外侧髁关节软骨损伤17例,发生率为33.3%,其中13例位于股骨外侧髁承重面关节软骨,1例位于股骨滑车,3例股骨滑车和股骨外侧髁承重面关节软骨均受累;17例股骨外侧髁关节软骨损伤病例中,16例(94.1%)关节软骨损伤位于股骨外侧髁骨挫伤的偏后部分,1例(5.9%)位于骨挫伤的中间部分;MPFL髌骨侧损伤病例中,57.9%(11/19)伴发股骨外侧髁关节软骨损伤,MPFL股骨侧损伤病例中,20%(6/30)伴发股骨外侧髁关节软骨损伤,二组数据比较,差异具有显著统计学意义(χ2=5.80,P=0.016)。MPFL完全撕裂、部分撕裂病例中,股骨外侧髁骨软骨骨折发生率分别为19.4%(6/31)、0%(0/20),二者比较,差异具有显著统计学意义(χ2=4.39,P=0.036)。结论急性创伤性髌骨外侧脱位后,MPFL股骨侧最易损伤,其次为髌骨侧,MRI诊断MPFL损伤准确性高;急性创伤性髌骨外侧脱位后股骨外侧髁关节软骨损伤比较常见,MPFL髌骨侧损伤病例易于伴发股骨外侧髁关节软骨损伤,而MPFL完全撕裂较部分撕裂更易伴发股骨外侧髁骨软骨骨折;股骨外侧髁关节软骨损伤多位于股骨外侧髁承重关节面处,绝大多数位于股骨外侧髁骨挫伤的偏后部分。     

急性髌骨外侧脱位后内侧髌股韧带损伤模式及其与髌股关节主要解剖参数的相关性

目的分析急性髌骨外侧脱位后内侧髌股韧带(MPFL)损伤模式,及其与髌股关节主要解剖参数间的相关性。方法回顾性分析107例经临床证实的急性髌骨外侧脱位患者的MRI资料。所有病例均行常规MRI矢状面、冠状面和横断面T1WI、T2WI、脂肪抑制FSE双回波序列扫描,由2位影像科医师对其MRI图像资料进行分析。结果急性髌骨外侧脱位107例中,MPFL撕裂103例,损伤发生率为96.3%。其中MPFL部分撕裂44例,完全撕裂59例。按MPFL损伤部位分,单纯髌骨侧撕裂34例,单纯股骨侧撕裂44例,单纯体部撕裂3例,MPFL多发部位撕裂22例。MPFL损伤程度组间及MFPL损伤部位组间股骨滑车发育不良、髌骨高位和胫骨结节-股骨滑车沟距离(TT-TG)间距三大参数间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);而在MPFL损伤部位组间,与Wiberg C型髌骨者相比,Wiberg B型髌骨者更易于发生MPFL完全撕裂(P=0.042)。结论急性髌骨外侧脱位后MPFL撕裂极为常见,最易于发生股骨侧撕裂,其次为髌骨侧,再次为多发部位撕裂。MPFL损伤模式与股骨滑车发育不良、髌骨高位、TT-TG间距三大解剖参数间无相关性;Wiberg B型髌骨者更易于发生MPFL完全撕裂。     

内侧髌股韧带急性损伤的磁共振诊断研究

目的 探讨内侧髌股韧带（MPFL）急性损伤的MRI表现。方法 回顾分析经MRI成像及临床证实的36例急性MPFL损伤患者的MRI资料,观察MPFL及膝关节其它结构损伤的MRI表现。结果 36例MPFL损伤中,17例发生股骨侧,11例发生在髌骨侧,8例发生在韧带体部。36例MPFL损伤中,挫伤为19例,部分撕裂11例,完全撕裂6例。36例MPFL损伤中,11例存在髌骨半脱位,3例存在髌骨脱位,25例存在骨挫伤,8例存在骨软骨骨折,16例存在内侧副韧带损伤,17例存在股内侧斜肌损伤,15例存在半月板损伤,36例均有不同程度关节积液。结论 MRI诊断MPFL损伤以横断位最佳。MRI可以对MPFL损伤进行准确诊断和分级,典型的其它结构伴发损伤对诊断急性MPFL损伤有重要提示作用。     

内侧髌股韧带与股内斜肌在急性髌骨外侧脱位后的MRI表现

目的:分析内侧髌股韧带(MPFL)与股内斜肌(VMO)在急性髌骨外侧脱位后的MRI表现,以及MPFL与VMO损伤的相关性。方法:选择106例急性髌骨外侧脱位患者的MRI资料,分析MPFL、VMO损伤的MRI表现特点,统计损伤程度、部位,并分析相关性。结果:106例中,MPFL损伤发生率为77.4%(82/106),其中部分撕裂、完全撕裂分别占64.6%(53/82)、35.4%(29/82),单纯髌骨侧、股骨侧、多发撕裂发生率分别为22.0%(18/82)、39.0%(32/82)、39.0%(32/82)。VMO损伤发生率为68.9%(73/106),其中1、2级损伤发生率为79.5%(58/73)、20.5%(15/73),单纯髌骨侧、单纯股骨侧、髌骨-股骨侧损伤发生率分别为12.3%(9/73)、54.8%(40/73)、32.9%(24/73)。MPFL与VMO损伤发生率有相关性(χ~2=71.744,P0.001);MPFL损伤程度与VMO损伤程度有相关性(r_s=0.428,P0.001);MPFL单纯髌骨侧、股骨侧撕裂组间伴VMO损伤部位差异有统计学意义(χ~2=21.386,P0.001)。结论:MPFL损伤易合并VMO损伤,以1级损伤为主;MPFL与VMO损伤程度呈正相关,MPFL损伤程度加重,VMO损伤程度随之加重;单纯髌骨侧或单纯股骨侧MPFL损伤均易并发同侧的VMO损伤。     

急性髌骨横向脱位后内侧髌股韧带撕裂的评估:高频超声与MR对比研究

<正>摘要目的本研究摘要目的是比较高频超声与MRI对急性髌骨横向脱位后(LPD)内侧髌股韧带撕裂(MPFL)的诊断价值。方法对97例急性LPD病人进行高频超声和MRI检查     

青少年与成人急性髌骨外侧脱位后内侧髌股韧带损伤的MRI对比分析

目的 对比分析青少年与成人急性髌骨外侧脱位后内侧髌股韧带(MPFL)损伤的MRI特点.方法 分别对42例青少年和45例成人急性髌骨外侧脱位患者的MRI资料进行回顾性分析,87例患者均行常规MRI矢状面、冠状面和横断面T1 WI、T2WI、脂肪抑制FSE双回波序列扫描,分析MPFL的损伤特点,并应用x2检验比较青少年和成人MPFL各种损伤的发生率.结果 急性髌骨外侧脱位后,青少年组MPFL损伤发生率为97.6％ (41/42),其中完全撕裂、部分撕裂发生率分别为57.1％ (24/42)、40.5％(17/42);成人组对应的MPFL损伤发生率、完全撕裂发生率、部分撕裂发生率分别为100.0％ (45/45)、64.4％(29/45)、35.6％ (16/45);2组间MPFL损伤的发生率差异均无统计学意义(x2值分别为1.084、0.486、0.223,P值均＞0.05).青少年组MPFL股骨侧、髌骨侧、体部撕裂发生率分别为31.0％(13/42)、78.6％(33/42)和26.2％(11/42),其中多发部位损伤发生率为33.3％ (14/42);成人组对应的各发生率分别为64.4％(29/45)、40.0％(18/45)、15.6％(7/45)和15.6％ (7/45),2组间比较MPFL股骨侧、髌骨侧撕裂发生率差异有统计学意义(x2值分别为9.759、13.324,P值均＜0.05),体部撕裂发生率差异无统计学意义(x2=1.497,P＞0.05).青少年组较成人组尽管多发部位损伤差异无统计学意义(x2=3.749,P＞0.05),但青少年组更易伴发MPFL多发部位损伤.结论 青少年与成人比较,急性髌骨外侧脱位后MPFL损伤程度分布无差异,但在损伤部位分布上,二者具有显著差异,成人组损伤以股骨侧多见,其次为髌骨侧,而青少年组以髌骨侧多见,其次为股骨侧,青少年更易发生MPFL多发部位损伤.     

内侧髌股韧带及其急性损伤的MRI研究

目的探讨正常和急性损伤的内侧髌股韧带(MPFL)的MRI表现。资料与方法对30名正常志愿者和25例经手术证实的急性MPFL损伤患者的膝关节MRI表现进行回顾性分析。结果 MPFL在横断面显示最佳,正常MPFL在MRI上表现为自股骨内上髁向髌骨内缘走行的条状低信号,急性损伤表现为韧带信号增高、肿胀、变细或中断。MRI准确诊断并分级18例,漏诊2例,另5例能诊断但不能准确分级。急性MPFL损伤伴发的其他损伤包括髌骨半脱位或脱位18例、髌骨内下缘及股骨外髁前外缘的骨挫伤24例、软骨损伤22例、股内斜肌损伤19例、内侧副韧带损伤10例等。结论 MRI能清楚显示MPFL的解剖结构,对其急性损伤进行准确诊断和分级。典型的骨挫伤对诊断急性MPFL损伤有重要的提示作用,在MRI检查中发现此型骨挫伤时应加做横断面检查进一步评估MPFL情况。     

急性髌骨外侧脱位的MRI分析

目的 结合损伤机制探讨急性髌骨外侧脱位的MRI特征表现.资料与方法 回顾性分析42例急性髌骨外侧脱位患者的MRI资料,由两名放射科医师共同确定骨髓水肿、骨软骨骨折、髌骨位置、髌骨内侧支持带的损伤、关节积液及其他合并损伤情况.结果 (1)股骨外髁前侧面和髌骨内下关节面骨髓水肿的出现率均为98%(41/42),其中95%(40/42)两处同时出现.其余区域骨髓水肿的出现率仅为7%(3/42).(2)36%(15/42)可见髌骨内后缘骨软骨骨折,10%(4/42)出现股骨外髁骨软骨骨折,其余区域则无.(3)2%(1/42)髌骨仍处于脱位状态,50%(21/42)髌骨呈半脱位,其余48%(20/42)髌骨位置正常.(4)62%(26/42)可见髌骨内侧支持带异常,43%(18/42)合并股内侧斜肌损伤,37%(16/42)合并股外侧肌水肿,7%(3/42)出现髌骨外侧支持带异常,2%(1/42)合并内侧副韧带损伤.(5)100%(42/42)出现关节积液,包括关节积血5例、关节脂血症2例.结论 急性髌骨外侧脱位的MRI表现取决于其特定的损伤机制,股骨外髁前侧面和髌骨内下关节面同时出现的骨髓水肿、髌骨内后缘的骨软骨骨折、髌骨内侧支持带异常、股内侧斜肌和股外侧肌的损伤为常见而又具有特征的MRI征象.     

外伤性髌骨脱位并内侧髌股韧带损伤3.0T MRI分析及临床意义

目的分析髌骨首次脱位内侧髌股韧带损伤3. 0T MRI表现。方法经临床证实急性首次髌骨脱位且年龄≤25岁的68例患者的3. 0T MRI进行分析,对MPFL损伤程度及部位进行比较。结果急性髌骨外脱位患者中,91. 2%的患者有MPFL损伤,其中32例为韧带I级(无断裂)损伤,12例为韧带II级(部分)损伤,14例为III级(完全)损伤。髌骨段损伤的有40. 3%;股骨段损伤的有29. 0%,其中股骨段浅面完整,深面信号增高疑似损伤的有6. 5%;中间段损伤的有8. 1%;混合部位损伤的有22. 6%。MPFL完全断裂伴有残存MPFL不同程度分层改变的有39例,且大部分发生在混合部位损伤的患者。结论髌骨首次脱位容易伴发MPFL损伤,3. 0T MRI是诊断和分型诊断急性MPFL损伤及术前评估的最好无创检查方法。     

MR 3D SPGR、3D FIESTA和2D SE/FSE序列对外伤性膝关节软骨损伤的分级诊断研究

目的 回顾性研究外伤性膝关节关节软骨的损伤发生率及程度,比较三维扰相梯度回波序列(3DSPGR)、三维稳态采集快速成像序列(3D FIESTA)和膝关节常规检查序列(2D SE/FSE)在诊断外伤性膝关节软骨损伤中的准确性.资料与方法 45例患者的46个外伤膝关节,行手术治疗前均进行了多序列的MRI,包括膝关节常规MRI(SE T1WI,FSE PD/T2WI),3D SPGR和3D FIESTA序列.运用改良的Noyes分类系统来评价膝关节软骨面的损伤等级,每个膝关节的关节面包括:股骨外侧髁(LFC)、股骨内侧髁(MFC)、胫骨外侧平台(LTP)、胫骨内侧平台(MTP)、股骨滑车(Trochlea)和髌骨(Patella).以手术结果为"金标准",比较各序列发现软骨损伤的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性及阴性预测值.用Wilson评分法计算敏感性和特异性的95%可信区间,用McNemar统计法的双尾精确表来比较不同MRI序列对软骨分级诊断的显著性差异.结果 根据手术结果,软骨形态改变的发生率为43%(118/276),软骨缺损的发生率为23%(63/276).各个关节面软骨损伤的发生率无明显差异.MR图像(3D SPGR、3D FIESTA、3D SPGR结合常规MRI)表现与手术结果的完全一致率分别为53%、60%和85%,之间差异无统计学意义.但是3D SPGR结合常规MRI序列评价软骨损伤的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值均为最高,分别为73%、98%、95%和90%.结论 3D SPGR和3D FIESTA序列在诊断膝关节软骨病变时无明显差异.3D SPGR结合常规MRI序列,不仅可以在合理的扫描时间内提高诊断软骨病变的准确性,而且还可对膝关节的其他组织结构做出全面的评价.     

Subluxation of the patella: evaluation of patellar articular cartilage with MR imaging.

In patients with subluxation of the patella, injury of the patellar articular cartilage is frequently observed, and correct evaluation of this cartilage injury is extremely important for the management of these patients. Magnetic Resonance (MR) studies were performed on 102 patellofemoral (PF) joints of 51 patients with subluxation of the patella and 20 PF joints of 10 healthy volunteers. In 77 of the 102 PF joints with subluxation, arthroscopy and/or operation were performed. MR images were obtained with spin-echo and FLASH sequences, and para-axial images were obtained. We retrospectively analysed the MR findings of the 77 joints with special attention to the surface and thickness of the cartilage, and classified them into four grades. These MR grades were compared with the grades on arthroscopy, and the following results were obtained: MR grade 0, normal cartilage (n = 27, sensitivity 90.9%, specificity 74.2%); MR grade 1, thickening of the cartilage (n = 24, sensitivity 50%, specificity 89.1%); MR grade 2, surface irregularity of the cartilage (n = 20, sensitivity 85%, specificity 94.7%); MR grade 3, loss of the cartilage (n = 6, sensitivity 100%, specificity 100%). Although the early changes observed by arthroscopy were underestimated from the MR images, MR imaging proved to be extremely useful for evaluating moderately or advanced patellar cartilage injury.     

高频超声对肢体肌疝的诊断价值

 目的 探讨高频超声对肌疝的诊断价值。方法 回顾分析2014-03至2015-10北京朝阳医院收治28例肢体包块疑似肌疝患者的资料,将术前高频超声检查与手术结果进行对照分析,计算高频超声的准确度、灵敏度、特异度等指标,并总结肌疝的发生特征及高频超声表现。结果 手术证实肌疝23例,其中22例被高频超声诊断。高频超声诊断肢体肌疝的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为95.65%、100.00%、96.43%。肌疝主要发生在小腿前外侧,超声表现为肌肉局部筋膜连续性中断及可复性包块。结论 高频超声对诊断肌疝具有重要参考价值。
     

T1 mapping联合常规MRI扫描方案评估膝关节软骨损伤

目的评估在常规MRI扫描方案中加入T1 mapping成像能否提高对膝关节软骨损伤的诊断效能。方法选取86例患者的88个膝关节接受了膝关节MRI检查和关节镜检查。MRI检查采用常规方案并加入T1 mapping成像。术前2位影像科医师对所有MRI检查图像进行一致的诊断,评估是否存在软骨损伤并进行软骨损伤MRI分级,首先评估常规MRI扫描方案的图像,然后评估T1 mapping联合常规MRI扫描方案的图像。由1位骨科医师在关节镜下进行软骨损伤关节镜分级并作为金标准。计算两种MRI扫描方案评估软骨损伤的敏感度和特异度,统计分析两种扫描方案的诊断结果是否存在差异。结果关节镜检出的256个软骨损伤,常规MRI扫描方案的敏感度、特异度分别为59.0%和98.6%,T1 mapping联合常规MRI扫描方案的敏感度、特异度分别为85.9%和93.2%。T1 mapping联合常规MRI扫描方案显著提高了MRI扫描诊断早期关节软骨损伤的敏感度,关节镜1级软骨损伤的敏感度从18.6%提高至71.2%,关节镜2A级软骨损伤的敏感度从74.3%提高至94.3%。上述两种扫描方案的结果差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论常规MRI扫描方案中加入T1 mapping成像,可提高对膝关节软骨损伤的敏感度,为临床诊断早期膝关节软骨损伤提供影像学依据。     

3D-WATSc序列在膝关节软骨病损诊断中的价值

目的评价三维扰相脂肪抑制梯度回波序列(3D-WATSc)在膝关节软骨缺损性病变中的诊断价值。方法 41例患者50侧膝关节镜检查病例,将每侧膝关节软骨面分为5个区域,MRI检查采用3D-WATSc,按Recht标准分级诊断250个关节软骨面,并与膝关节镜分级诊断结果对照。3D-WATSc诊断价值的真实性指标为敏感度、特异度、准确度,一致性指标用Kappa值。结果 3D-WATSc诊断软骨病损的敏感度为96.4%,特异度为87.3%,准确度为92.4%,Kappa值为0.844。结论 3D-WATSc与关节镜对膝关节软骨病损的诊断结果之间一致性极佳,是目前诊断膝关节软骨病损的最佳扫描序列。     

Role of magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging ([1H]MRSI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in identifying prostate cancer foci in patients with negative biopsy and high levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in detecting tumour foci in patients with elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and negative transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided biopsy.

Materials and methods

This prospective randomised trial was conducted on 150 patients who underwent [¹H]MRSI and DCE-MRI and targeted biopsies of suspicious areas on MRI associated with random biopsies.

Results

After the second biopsy, the diagnosis of prostate adenocarcinoma was made in 64/150 cases. On a perpatient basis, MRSI had 82.8% sensitivity, 91.8% specificity, 88.3% positive predictive value (PPV), 87.8% negative predictive value (NPV) and 85.7% diagnostic accuracy. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy for DCE-MRI was 76.5%, 89.5%, 84.5%, 83.7% and 82%, respectively. The combination of MRSI and DCE-MRI yielded 93.7% sensitivity, 90.7% specificity, 88.2% PPV, 95.1% NPV and 90.9% accuracy in detecting prostate carcinoma.

Conclusions

The combined study with [1H]MRSI and DCE-MRI showed promising results in guiding the biopsy of cancer foci in patients with an initial negative TRUS-guided biopsy.     

Fat-suppressed 3D spoiled gradient-echo MRI and MDCT arthrography of articular cartilage in patients with hip dysplasia

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to assess the diagnostic ability of MDCT arthrography for acetabular and femoral cartilage lesions in patients with hip dysplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A disorder of the articular cartilage was evaluated in 20 hips of 18 patients with acetabular dysplasia who did not have osteoarthritis or who had early stage osteoarthritis before undergoing pelvic osteotomy surgery. The findings on fat-suppressed 3D fast spoiled gradient-echo MRI and MDCT arthrography of the hip were evaluated by two independent observers, and sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were determined using arthroscopic findings as the standard of reference. Kappa values were calculated to quantify the level of interobserver agreement. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity for the detection of any cartilage disorder (grade 1 or higher) were (observer 1/observer 2) 49%/67% and 89%/76%, respectively, on MRI, and 67%/67% and 89%/82%, respectively, on CT arthrography. The sensitivity and specificity for the detection of cartilage lesions with substance loss (grade 2 or higher) were (observer 1/observer 2) 47%/53% and 92%/87%, respectively, on MRI, and 70%/79% and 93%/94%, respectively, on CT arthrography. CT arthrography provided significantly higher sensitivity in the detection of grade 2 or higher lesions than MRI for both observers. Interobserver agreement in the detection of grade 2 or higher cartilage lesions was moderate (kappa = 0.53) on MRI and substantial (kappa = 0.78) on CT. CONCLUSION: MDCT arthrography is a sensitive and reproducible method for assessing articular cartilage lesions with substance loss in patients with hip dysplasia.     

经体表高频超声在肛周脓肿和肛瘘诊断中的应用

目的:回顾分析经体表高频超声诊断肛周脓肿和肛瘘的价值.方法:应用6～14MHz高频探头,对89例肛周脓肿和(或)肛瘘患者在肛门周围进行超声检查并与手术结果对比分析.结果:本组中,经体表高频超声对肛周脓肿诊断的灵敏度94.3%,特异度100%,阳性预测值100%,对肛瘘诊断的灵敏度85.4%,特异度95.1%,阳性预测值95.3%.结论:经体表高频超声能方便、直接、无痛苦、较为准确地诊断肛周脓肿和肛瘘.     

Chondromalacia of the knee: Evaluation with a fat-suppression three-dimensional SPGR imaging after intravenous contrast injection

Twenty-one MRI studies with a fat-suppression three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled echo in a steady state (3D SPGR) pulse sequence after intravenous contrast injection were evaluated to assess the accuracy in depicting chondromalacia of the knee. On the basis of MR images, chondromalacia and its grade were determined in each of five articular cartilage regions (total, 105 regions) and then the results were compared to arthroscopic findings. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI were 70%, 99%, and 93%, respectively. MR images depicted 7 of 11 lesions of arthroscopic grade 1 or 2 chondromalacia, and seven of nine lesions of arthroscopic grade 3 or 4 chondromalacia. The cartilage abnormalities in all cases appeared as focal lesions with high signal intensity. Intravenous contrast-injection, fat-suppression 3D SPGR imaging showed high specificity in excluding cartilage abnormalities and may be considered as an alternative to intra-articular MR arthrography when chondromalacia is suspected.     

半月板损伤的MRI诊断与关节镜对照研究

目的：评价MRI对半月板损伤的诊断价值,为临床诊断和治疗半月板损伤提供可靠的影像学依据。方法：对138例拟行关节镜术的膝关节疼痛患者进行术前MRI检查,并于MRI检查后2周内行关节镜术。结果：符合纳入标准的84例患者中,与关节镜结果对照,MRI诊断半月板Ⅰ级损伤、Ⅱ级损伤的符合率分别为100%和91.1%;诊断半月板撕裂的敏感度、特异度、符合率、Kappa值分别为91.5%、90.7%、91.1%和0.82;对半月板撕裂类型诊断的敏感度、特异度、符合率和Kappa值分别为90.9%、85.7%、88.1%和0.76。结论：与关节镜比较,MRI显示半月板Ⅰ、Ⅱ级损伤时的内部信号改变更敏感。MRI诊断半月板撕裂,与关节镜结果具有极好的一致性,并能准确评价半月板撕裂类型。MRI检查可作为评价半月板损伤的首选方法,对半月板损伤临床治疗方案的选择具有重要指导意义。     

磁共振动态增强扫描诊断乳腺病变的应用价值

 目的 探讨磁共振动态增强扫描诊断乳腺病变的应用价值.方法 对40例乳腺疾病患者(33个良性病灶,24个恶性病灶)分别进行磁共振平扫和动态增强扫描检查,分析病灶强化的形态特征,测量动态增强的时间-信号强度曲线分布类型、峰值时间和早期增强率.结果 多数病灶在磁共振平扫时未被检出,结合增强后的形态特征对乳腺癌的检出敏感性为75.0%,特异性为69.7%,准确性为71.9%.良、恶性病灶时间-信号强度曲线、峰值时间及早期增强率分布的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),诊断敏感性分别为91.7%、87.5%和75.0%,特异性分别为87.9%、87.9%和84.8%,准确性分别为89.5%、87.7%和80.7%.联合上述指标诊断乳腺癌的敏感性为95.8%,特异性87.9%,准确性为91.2%.结论 时间-信号强度曲线、峰值时间及早期增强率在乳腺良、恶性病变诊断中具有较高的敏感性和特异性,结合增强的形态特征,对乳腺病变的诊断及鉴别诊断有重要价值.