内镜经十二指肠乳头引流治疗胰腺假性囊肿的临床应用疗效分析

目的评估内镜经十二指肠乳头引流治疗巨大胰腺假性囊肿(脓肿)的临床应用疗效。方法2003年6月至2006年6月取沈阳军区总医院消化内镜中心按照统一标准选择入组的胰腺假性囊肿(脓肿)病例10例,其中非感染性8例,感染性1例,胰腺脓肿1例。均采用内镜经乳头引流治疗,通过回顾性总结临床治疗和相关研究指标变化,综合评估此种治疗方法的临床应用疗效。结果内镜治疗失败1例,术后并发假性囊肿感染2例,急性胰腺炎1例。8例随访观察平均16.5个月,其中假性囊肿完全消失4例,假性囊肿残腔形成1例,假性囊肿不断缩小3例。急性重症胰腺炎2例治愈。结论内镜经乳头引流治疗胰腺炎合并巨大胰腺假性囊肿(脓肿)是一种确切有效的治疗方法。     

经乳头内镜胰腺假性囊肿引流术

文章报告了３０例接受经乳头内镜胰腺假性囊肿引流术（ｅｎｄｕｓｃｏｐｉｃｔｒａｎｓｐａｐｉｌｌａｒｙｃｙｓｔｄｒａｉｎａｇｅ，ＥＴＣＤ）治疗的胰腺假性囊肿病人。２例病因为胆源性急性胰腺炎，２８例为慢性胰腺炎引起，平均主胰管最大直径４．２ｍｍ（３～１２ｍｍ），１１例存在胰管狭窄。本方法为通过主或副乳头置入假体管以引流与胰管系统相通的胰腺假性囊肿。施行诊断性ＥＲＣＰ后，进行短距（５ｍｍ）胰管括约肌切开术，可能的话事先行胆管括约肌切开术，扩张胰管狭窄后，置入胰管支架管，将导丝插入胰管并尽可能接近胰腺假性…     

内镜治疗七例胰腺假性囊肿的临床分析

胰腺假性囊肿常南急性、慢性胰腺炎及外伤引起.胰腺假性囊肿可能会出现感染、破裂及出血等并发症,从而加重病情,因此采用合适的治疗方法极为重要.传统的引流主要通过外科手术.近年来随着内镜技术的不断完善,经内镜下假性囊肿引流术应用越来越广泛.我院采用内镜治疗治愈7例胰腺假性囊肿,现报道如下.     

内镜超声下胰腺假性囊肿经胃置管引流的临床研究

目的分析探讨内镜超声（EUS）下胰腺假性囊肿经胃置管引流的疗效及并发症情况。方法回顾分析2001年以来经胃置管引流胰腺假性囊肿的24例患者病历及随访资料。引流方法采用EUS引导下穿刺囊肿，插入导丝，用探条或扩张水囊行针道扩张，置入鼻囊肿引流管或1～4根双猪尾型塑料支架引流。术后定期随访，囊肿消失后拔除支架。结果24例患者均完成囊肿穿刺、置管，手术成功率100％，死亡率为0。发生并发症8例（33．3％），其中严重并发症3例（12．5％），分别为出血、感染、支架移位各1例。平均随访21．2个月，2例失访，17例假性囊肿完全消失，2例囊肿明显缩小但持续存在2年以上，腹痛症状消失，1例感染性假性囊肿内镜引流无效转外科手术。内镜引流总的有效率为86．4％（19／22），无一例复发。结论EUS下经胃置管引流治疗胰腺假性囊肿是一种安全、有效的治疗方法，其常见并发症为出血和感染。     

超声内镜下穿刺引流治疗假性胰腺囊肿7例报告

假性胰腺囊肿是继发于急慢性胰腺炎、胰腺手术后、胰腺外伤所致胰液外渗或胰管断裂而形成的局部包裹性囊肿，约2／3的患者急性期采用保守治疗可治愈，另1／3则需手术治疗。既往治疗胰腺囊肿多采用经皮穿刺引流或手术内引流等方法，2005年1月～2006年10月，我们采用超声内镜下经胃穿刺引流治疗假性胰腺囊肿患者7例，疗效满意。现报告如下。     

内镜治疗胰腺假性囊肿并文献复习

胰腺假性囊肿是胰腺最常见的囊性肿物 ,约占胰腺囊性肿物的 75 % [1] ,因其可并发感染、出血及破裂 ,所以才有临床意义。自 192 1年Ｊｅｄｌｉｃａ行手术引流以来 ,手术治疗一直是主要的治疗方法。近来更低创的治疗方法 ,如超声或ＣＴ介导经皮假性囊肿穿刺引流及腹腔镜下引流已较为普及。随着内镜技术和方法的发展 ,在某些大的医疗中心 ,内镜下假性囊肿的内引流术已成为部分经筛选患者的首选治疗方法 ,但国内尚未见报道。我院收治 1例 ,结合文献报告如下。1　病历摘要女患 ,39岁。因慢性结石性胆囊炎急性发作 ,伴急性出血性胰腺炎 ,于 2 0 0…     

假性胰腺囊肿的内镜治疗

目的 观察经十二指肠乳头引流治疗胰腺假性囊肿的疗效以及并发症，探讨新的微创治疗方法。方法 选择胰腺假性囊肿患者8例，均有2次以上外科手术史，再次外科手术难度较大。经内镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)后，十二指肠乳头、主胰管括约肌切开，行内引流管置人或主胰管探条扩张治疗，囊肿消失后经内镜取出内引流管。结果 ERCP提示，3例囊肿与主胰管相通，l例囊肿压迫造成胆总管下段狭窄梗阻。置入内引流管5例；探条扩张治疗3例。术后l～4个月囊肿完全消失7例；l例囊肿缩小约l／3，临床症状消失，随访6个月囊肿未再缩小，转外科手术治疗。术后2例出现一过性血、尿淀粉酶升高，无严重并发症发生。结论：ERCP及其派生的治疗技术，治疗胰腺假性囊肿有效、安全，可作为胰腺假性囊肿的微创治疗方法。     

经内镜治疗急性胰腺炎临床探讨

目的探讨内镜治疗急性胰腺炎（ＡＰ）的临床效果。方法采用经内镜鼻胆（胰）管引流（ＥＮＢ（Ｐ）Ｄ）及经内镜乳头括约肌切开术（ＥＳＴ）等内镜技术治疗ＡＰ５６例,其中重症急性胰腺炎（ＳＡＰ）３６例。结果治愈５３例,死亡２例,因胰腺出血致导管堵塞改行手术１例。结论内镜治疗以微小创伤达到满意外科引流效果,能够有效地降低胆胰管内压,缓解胰腺病变,起到治疗作用,不失为ＡＰ治疗手段和方法上的一个补充,具有一定的临床使用价值。     

超声内镜引导下经胃壁电穿孔造瘘术内引流胰腺假性囊肿

[目的]评价超声内镜引导下经胃壁造瘘置入双猪尾支架内引流胰腺假性囊肿的疗效及安全性。[方法]回顾性分析行超声内镜引导下经胃壁造瘘置入双猪尾支架内引流胰腺假性囊肿患者5例的临床资料。[结果]5例胰腺假性囊肿患者,囊肿最大15cm×10cm、最小7cm×5cm,分别位于胰腺头体尾部、体尾部和尾部,巨大囊肿患者胃体窦小弯侧有明显压迹。5例患者均一次性电穿孔造瘘内引流成功,成功率100%,随访6~12个月无复发,治愈率100%。[结论]超声内镜引导下经胃壁电穿孔造瘘置管内引流术治疗胰腺假性囊肿疗效确切,并发症少。     

假性胰腺囊肿的外科治疗

假性胰腺囊肿多继发于急、慢性胰腺炎、胰腺手术后或胰腺外伤所致的胰液外渗或胰管断裂所形成的局部包裹性囊肿，亦有少数患继发于恶性肿瘤或无明显原因。约有2／3的患选用非手术治疗能够控制急性期症状，而另外1／3的患需手术引流或切除囊肿。我院自1995年6月至2005年10月采用经皮囊肿穿刺外引流、内镜超声引导下经胃穿刺引流及手术内、外引流等方法治疗假性胰腺囊肿患39例，报道如下。[第一段]     

胰腺癌患者手术标本及胰液脱落细胞端粒酶活性的检测

目的 研究胰腺良，恶性患者手术标本，经ERCP所获胰液脱落细胞的端粒酶活性的表达，探索胰腺癌诊断的新方法。方法 采用TRAP-ELISA的方法检测胰腺癌细胞株，胰腺良恶性疾病组织物，胰液细胞的端粒酶活性。结果 6株胰腺癌细胞株均检测到了端粒酶活性，胰腺癌手术标本端粒酶的阳性率为63%（5/8），而4例正常胰腺组织和2例胰腺良性疾病患者的胰腺标本未检测到端粒酶活性，胰腺癌患者的胰液细胞中，有58%（11/19）检测到有端粒酶活性的表达，而胰腺良性疾病也有高达62.5%(5/8)的阳笥率，两者无差别。结论 胰腺癌组织标本中有较高的端粒酶活性表达；胰液脱落细胞检测端粒酶活性无助于鉴别胰腺良恶性疾病。     

Coexistence of pancreatic carcinoma and pancreatic tuberculosis: case report

Pancreatic tuberculosis (TB) is extremely rare and mimics pancreatic carcinoma both clinically and radiologically. This paper discusses the occurrence of 2 heterogeneous masses located in the head and tail of the pancreas in an adult male. In this patient, laparotomy was performed because of the high suspicion of pancreatic carcinoma. Intraoperative fine needle aspiration biopsy revealed the coexistence of pancreatic carcinoma with pancreatic TB, and a combined resection of the distal pancreas and spleen was successfully performed. Following surgery, the patient received standard chemotherapy for TB. At 7-month follow-up, computed tomography showed resolution of the mass in the pancreatic head. Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for pancreatic TB in patients with pancreatic masses. The coexistence of malignancy and TB should be considered when patients present with multiple pancreatic masses.     

Value of ultrasound examination in differential diagnosis of pancreatic lymphoma and pancreatic cancer

AIM： To investigate the value of clinical manifestations and ultrasound examination in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic lymphoma and pancreatic cancer. METHODS： The clinical and ultrasonic characteristics of 12 cases of pancreatic lymphoma and 30 cases of pancreatic cancer were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS： Statistically significant differences were found in the course of disease, back pain, jaundice, carcino-embryonic antigen （CEA） and CA19-9 increase, palpable abdominal lump, superficial lymph node enlargement, fever and night sweats, lesion size, bile duct expansion, pancreatic duct expansion, vascular involvement, retroperitoneal （below the renal vein level） lymph node enlargement, and intrahepatic metastasis between pancreatic lymphoma and pancreatic cancer. There were no significant differences in age of onset, gender ratio, weight loss, nausea and vomiting, lesion position, the echo of the lesion, and the blood flow of the lesion. CONCLUSION： Pancreatic lymphoma should be considered for patients with long lasting symptoms, superficial lymph node enlargement, palpable abdominal lump, fever and night sweats, relatively large lesions, and retroperitoneal （below the level of the renal vein） lymph node enlargement. A diagnosis of pancreatic cancer should be considered more likely in the patients with relatively short disease course, jaundice, back pain, CEA and CA19-9 increase, relatively small lesions, bile duct expansion, obvious pancreatic duct expansion, peripheral vascular wrapping and involvement, or intrahepatic metastases.     

胰腺结核误诊为胰腺癌1例

结核累及胰腺非常罕见，临床症状有时不典型，术前诊断困难，现将中山医院收治的1例术前误诊为胰腺癌的胰腺结核报道如下。     

继发于胰腺癌的胰腺外分泌功能不全的研究进展

目前国际上对胰腺外分泌功能不全的诊断和治疗标准尚未完善,胰腺外科医师对继发于胰腺癌的胰腺外分泌功能不全常常忽视或错误估计,使得胰腺外分泌功能不全未得到充分治疗,严重影响了胰腺癌患者的生存质量。对胰腺癌患者胰腺外分泌功能不全的发病机制、典型症状、诊断方法、不同胰腺癌阶段的胰酶替代治疗等方面的最新研究进展进行了归纳总结,分析认为胰酶替代治疗能显著改善不同疾病阶段胰腺癌患者的生存质量。     

胰腺癌患者胰液中K-ras基因突变的检测及其意义

目的 通过对经逆行胰胆管造影（ＥＲＣＰ）所获胰液的Ｋ－ｒａｓ基因突变检测,以探索胰腺癌诊断的新方法。方法 应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）－限制性片段长度多态性的方法检测胰腺良、恶性疾病组织物、胰液上清和细胞的Ｋ－ｒａｓ突变。结果 胰腺癌和胰腺良性疾病标本分别有７１％（１５／２１）,而胰腺良性疾病无一例有Ｋ－ｒａｓ的突变。用胰液细胞有４％ＰＣＲ未能获得成功,胰腺癌胰液细胞Ｋ－ｒａｓ的突变率为６５％（１１     

Pasireotide administration after pancreaticoduodenectomy may decrease clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula in high-risk patients with small pancreatic ducts,soft pancreatic parenchyma and cystic or neuroendocrine neoplasia

ObjectivesPost-operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a feared complication after a pancreaticoduodenectomy. Previously in a randomized trial found fewer clinically relevant fistulas (CR-POPF) accompanying administration of perioperative pasireotide. Our hospital previously found that the risk for CR-POPF reached 7% in pancreaticoduodenectomy patients. Here, we aimed to determine the CR-POPF rate accompanying prophylactic pasireotide in patients with a normal pancreas at resection level.MethodsIn this clinical study, perioperative pasireotide was administered to pancreaticoduodenectomy patients treated between 1 July 2014 and 30 April 2016. High-risk individuals were defined preoperatively by the surgeon based on the following: no dilatation of the pancreatic duct, suspected soft pancreas and a cystic or neuroendocrine tumor at the head of the pancreas. If the pancreas was considered hard at surgery, thereby carrying a lower risk for fistula, pasireotide was discontinued following one preoperative 900-μg dose. Among high-risk patients, pasireotide was continued for one week or until discharge from the hospital.ResultsDuring the study period, 153/215 pancreatic operations were pancreaticoduodenectomies, 58 (38%) of which were considered high risk for developing clinically significant pancreatic fistula. Among these, 4 (2.6%) developed a grade B or C fistula: 2 in the pasireotide group [3.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4–11.9%], 1 in the low-risk group (1.2%, 95% CI 0.0–6.4%; difference: 2.3%, 95% CI -6.4–17.3%) and 1 in the discontinued group (10%).ConclusionWe found similar rates of CR-POPF among high- and low-risk patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy when using prophylactic perioperative pasireotide in high-risk patients.     

Proteomic analysis of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and pancreatic carcinoma in rat models

AIM:To detect the proteomic variabilities of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PanIN)and pancreatic carcinoma(PC)induced by 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene(DMBA) in rat models and to identify potential biomarkers.METHODS:Sixty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into three groups.The rats had DMBA implanted into their pancreas for one(n=20)or two months(n=20)or assigned to the normal group(n =20).The rats were killed after one or two months,and were evaluated histopathologically.Three tissue sampl...     

Duodenum-preserving resection and Roux-en-Y pancreatic jejunostomy in benign pancreatic head tumors

This study was conducted to explore the feasibility of partial pancreatic head resection and Roux-en-Y pancreatic jejunostomy for the treatment of benign tumors of the pancreatic head(BTPH). From November 2006 to February 2009, four patients(three female and one male) with a mean age of 34.3 years(range: 21-48 years) underwent partial pancreatic head resection and Roux-en-Y pancreatic jejunostomy for the treatment of BTPH(diameters of 3.2-4.5 cm) using small incisions(5.1-7.2 cm). Preoperative symptoms include one case of repeated upper abdominal pain, one case of drowsiness and two cases with no obvious preoperative symptoms. All four surgeries were successfully performed. The mean operative time was 196.8 min(range 165-226 min), and average blood loss was 138.0 m L(range: 82-210 m L). The mean postoperative hospital stay was 7.5 d(range: 7-8 d). In one case, the main pancreatic duct was injured. Pathological examination confirmed that one patient suffered from mucinous cystadenoma, one exhibited insulinoma, and two patients had solid-pseudopapillary neoplasms. There were no deaths or complications observed during the perioperative period. All patients had no signs of recurrence of the BTPH within a follow-up period of 48-76 mo and had good quality of life without diabetes. Partial pancreatic head resection with Roux-en-Y pancreatic jejunostomy is feasible in selected patients with BTPH.