疏血通注射液对原发性高血压患者RAAS活性的影响

目的：观察疏血通注射液对原发性高血压患者肾素血管紧张素醛固酮系统（RAAS）活性的影响。方法将入选的原发性高血压患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,观察两组治疗前后血压、血浆肾素（PRA）、血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）、醛固酮（ALD）水平及血脂、血流液变学指标的变化。结果治疗后两组患者血浆 AngⅡ、ALD均较治疗前有所降低,治疗组降低更为明显（P＜0．05）,两组患者血浆肾素水平较治疗前升高,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗组治疗后血压、血脂、血液流变学指标明显改善,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。结论疏血通注射液对原发性高血压患者 RAAS 活性有明显改善,可降低血浆AngⅡ、ALD的含量,改善血液流变学特性,有效降低血压。     

缬沙坦治疗轻中度原发性高血压的临床研究

目的：了解缬沙坦对降压效果及其对肾素血管紧张素系统、醛固酮及内皮素水平的影响。方法：３３例轻中度原发性高血压患者口服缬沙坦（商品名代文，北京诺华制药厂生产）８０￣１６０ｍｇ，口服每日１次，总疗程６周，治疗前后分别监测动态血压，放免法测血浆肾素活性（ＰＲＡ）、血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡｎｇⅡ）、醛固酮（Ａｌｄｏ）和内皮素（ＥＴ）水平。结果：观察组治疗后偶测血压和动态血压均显著降低，收缩压与舒张压降压效应的谷／     

原发性高血压患者年龄与血浆肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统的关系

目的：探讨原发性高血压（EH）患者年龄与血浆肾素－血管紧张素－醛固酮（RAS）系统的关系。方法i200例EH患者按年龄分为5组,测定其血浆RAS含量,并进行统计学分析。结果：随着年龄的增加,血浆肾素（PRA）、血管紧张素II（AngⅡ）含量降低（P均〈0．05）,醛固酮（ALD）含量无明显变化（P〉0．05）。直线相关分析表明年龄与PRA,AngⅡ含量呈负相关（r=－0．283,P〈0．001,r=－0．165,P〈0．05）,年龄与脉压呈正相关（r=0．293,P〈0．001）。结论：随着年龄的增加,肾素－血管紧张素分泌减少,醛固酮与肾素呈分离现象。     

老年高血压患者血管紧张素转换酶和醛固酮合酶基因多态性与肾素血管紧张素醛固酮的关系

目的分析老年高血压晨峰患者血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)基因I/D、醛固酮合酶(CYP11B2)基因-344C/T多态性与肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)的相关性。方法选择2016年2月~2017年12月云南省第一人民医院老年病科门诊及住院的老年原发性高血压患者200例,根据清晨血压水平分为晨峰增高组58例和非晨峰增高组142例。分析2组患者ACE基因I/D、CYP11B2基因-344C/T多态性和血浆RAAS参数的差异。结果 2组ACE基因型和等位基因频率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=38.020,P=0.000;χ^2=42.040,P=0.000)。2组CYP11B2基因型和等位基因频率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.261,P=0.878;χ^2=0.198,P=0.656)。晨峰增高组DD+TC、DD+TT基因型比例明显高于非晨峰增高组,差异有统计学意义(22.4%vs 3.5%,12.1%vs 2.1%,P<0.01);晨峰增高组II+TT、II+TC基因型比例明显低于非晨峰增高组,差异有统计学意义(13.8%vs 29.6%,P<0.05;5.2%vs 22.5%,P<0.01)。晨峰增高组血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮水平明显高于非晨峰增高组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。logistic回归分析显示,DD+CC、DD+TC、DD+TT、肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ为血压晨峰的重要影响因素(OR=8.084,95%CI:1.261~51.832,P=0.027;OR=14.459,95%CI:3.804~54.964,P=0.000;OR=9.753,95%CI:2.255~42.181,P=0.002;OR=1.816,95%CI:1.258~2.620,P=0.001;OR=0.634,95%CI:0.437~0.921,P=0.017)。结论 ACE基因DD型、肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ是血压晨峰形成的主要影响因素。     

慢性心衰患者心房颤动与血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮的关系

目的：观察老年慢性心力衰竭（CHF）合并心房颤动（Af）患者血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）以及醛固酮浓度的变化。方法：选择76例治疗后病情稳定的老年CHF患者,根据其是否合并Af分Af组（41例）和窦性心律组（35例）,分别检测两组患者血浆肾素、AngⅡ以及醛固酮的浓度。结果：合并Af的老年CHF患者的血浆AngⅡ以及醛固酮浓度较窦性心律患者明显增高（P〈0．05～〈0．01）。结论：老年慢性心力衰竭患者心房颤动的发生可能与血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ以及醛固酮水平的增高有一定关系。     

血浆肾素-血管紧张素系统与原发性高血压病的关系评价

目的探究肾素-血管紧张素系统与原发性高血压病的关系。方法选取自2015年以来我院收治的原发性高血压患者50例,其中高血压1级患者18例,2级患者17例,3级患者15例,同时随机选取50例正常健康体检者作为对照,采用放射免疫方法测定所有患者立位、卧位的血浆肾素活性、醛固酮浓度以及血管紧张素浓度,记录并作出比较。结果原发性高血压患者的立位、卧位血浆肾素活性均低于对照组,而立位、卧位的血浆醛固酮浓度以及血管紧张素浓度要高于对照组,并且随着病情的发展,这种差距逐渐增大,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论肾素-血管紧张素系统与原发性高血压有很密切的关系,其中的指标如血浆肾素活性、血管紧张素浓度、醛固酮浓度等可以作为原发性高血压并诊断、分型及分级的有效指标,同时血浆中的血管紧张素及醛固酮含量的降低也应该作为治疗原发性高血压的重要因素受到临床的重视。     

REN基因变异与降压药物作用下血压及相关临床表型变化的关系

目的 探讨新疆哈萨克族原发性高血压患者肾素基因rs1464816基因型与研究对象服用降压药物前后血压及相关临床表型水平变化的关系.方法 随机选择新疆18～69岁1218名哈萨克族农牧民进行高血压相关危险因素横断面调查,筛选出首次诊断为高血压并未接受过降压治疗和无其他并发症共计400人作为研究对象.研究对象随机分为两组,分别服用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂卡托普利和β受体阻滞剂阿替洛尔.两组均服药3周,应用聚合酶链式反应-连接酶检测反应(PCR-LDR)检测研究对象肾素基因rs1464816基因型,分析其与服用降压药物前后研究对象血压及相关临床表型(包括血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮)水平变化的关系.结果 肾素基因rs1464816经Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡检验不平衡;未发现肾素基因rs1464816基因型与收缩压、舒张压、血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮用药前后水平变化有关.结论 新疆哈萨克族原发性高血压患者肾素基因rs1464816基因型与收缩压、舒张压、血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮用药前后变化无关.     

高龄非杓型高血压患者睡前缬沙坦治疗的疗效观察

目的探讨高龄非杓型高血压患者睡前给予缬沙坦治疗,血压昼夜节律、血压晨峰现象和血浆肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)活性的变化。方法入选经降压治疗偶测血压正常,24 h动态血压监测昼夜节律为非杓型的高龄老年原发性高血压患者86例,睡前给予口服缬沙坦80 mg,2周后复查24 h动态血压,观察昼夜血压变化、血压晨峰值,并比较干预前后血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮水平。结果睡前缬沙坦80 mg干预2周后有61.6%患者血压恢复杓型曲线,与干预前比较,干预后的夜间收缩压、夜间舒张压和血压晨峰值明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P=0.009,P=0.043,P=0.003),且血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ水平显著升高(P=0.001,P=0.002),醛固酮水平明显降低(P=0.004)。结论高龄非杓型高血压患者睡前给予缬沙坦治疗可改善血压昼夜节律的异常,减少血压晨峰现象,抑制RAAS的激活。     

老年高血压患者肾素活性,血管紧张素Ⅱ水平与动态血压关系的探讨

目的为探讨老年高血压患者的血浆肾素活性（ＰＲＡ）、血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡｎｇⅡ）水平与动态血压各参数值的关系。方法对５７例老年高血压患者及２６例健康老人在平衡饮食后行ＰＲＡ、ＡｎｇⅡ水平检查及２４小时动态血压监测。结果高血压组动态血压各参数值均显著高于对照组;与肾素正常者相比,高血压组中肾素增高者（ＰＲＡ＞８００ｎｇ／Ｌｈ）夜间平均收缩压、夜间平均舒张压及血压负荷值显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,２４小时平均收缩压亦明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０５）,其夜间非构型发生率高。结论高肾素型老年高血压患者的２４小时血压节律消失,血压负荷值尤其是夜间血压负荷明显升高,易引起各靶器官的功能损害应当引起重视     

洛伐他汀对老年高血压病合并高胆固醇血症患者的降脂疗效观察(摘要)

从受体水平阻断肾素－ 血管紧张素系统的生物学效应来探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮对高血压大鼠心肌肥厚及纤维化的作用,将二肾一夹型高血压大鼠分为高血压治疗组和高血压对照组,高血压治疗组在术后第１６ 周通过饮水给予缬沙坦（１０ μｇｇ·ｄ）,高血压对照组和假手术组不给药。术后第１６ 周、２０ 周及２８ 周分别处死大鼠,测定血压、心脏和左心室重量、血浆和心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮浓度、左心室重量指数、心肌胶原含量及胶原容积分数。结果发现,高血压对照组大鼠血浆和心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮浓度、左心室重量指数、心肌胶原浓度及胶原容积分数均显著高于假手术组（ Ｐ＜０．０５ 或０．００５）;与高血压对照组比较,高血压治疗组血浆血管紧张素Ⅱ浓度明显增高,血压、左心室重量指数、血浆醛固酮浓度、心肌胶原浓度及胶原容积分数则显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５） ,且主要是Ⅰ型胶原减少。结果提示,肾血管性高血压大鼠左心室重塑与心肌血管紧张素Ⅱ和醛固酮浓度密切相关,血管紧张素Ⅱ１ 型受体拮抗剂缬沙坦可以阻断血管紧张素Ⅱ的病理生理作用,抑制醛固酮的释放,逆转左心室重塑,心脏局部血管紧张素Ⅱ的生物学效应可能主要是血管紧张素Ⅱ１ 型受体所介导     

Acute and long-term studies of the mechanisms of action of beta-blocking drugs in lowering blood pressure.

The antihypertensive effect of intravenous (acute) and oral (long-term) beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol or pindolol was evaluated in 46 male patients with either borderline (group I; 23 patients) or sustained (group II; 23 patients) essential hypertension. Arterial pressure, plasma renin activity and plasma concentration of aldosterone were determined during continuous recumbency overnight every 30 minutes before and after treatment. Patients of group I exhibited a marked variation of their recumbent plasma renin activity with relatively low values before midnight and large increases early in the morning. In contrast, low plasma renin activity values and only minimal fluctuations in renin were observed in patients of group II. Plasma renin activity had a consistent relationship with blood pressure both after acute (r = 0.79) and long-term (r = 0.4) beta-blockade. In four patients of group I, who had high plasma renin activity and had responded to intravenous propranolol, infusion of angiotensin II inhibitor did not lower pressure. In group I following beta-blockade, day-night profiles of renin were similar to those observed in group II before treatment. Thus in this latter subgroup, low renin profiles might reflect reduced beta-adrenergic activity. Acute as well as long-term beta-blockade consistently eliminated the day-night rhythm of plasma renin activity, but it did not change rhythm of plasma concentration of aldosterone. Plasma concentration of aldosterone was lower in group II but appeared to be inappropriately high relative to renin levels. These observations suggest that in hypertensive patients classified according to blood pressure and recumbent plasma renin activity profiles a significant relationship exists between changes in plasma renin activity and arterial pressure responses. Thus, patients with high renin levels respond better to treatment than patients with low renin levels. We conclude that in the patients studied, sympathetic nervous system activity mainly determined renin levels as well as antihypertensive effectiveness of the beta-blocking drugs.     

Effects of a single administration of captopril on hemodynamics and serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration in hypertensive patients

Hemodynamic responses and behaviors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to a single administration of captopril (50 mg) were studied in 16 hypertensive patients (essential hypertension, n = 10; renovascular hypertension, n = 3; primary aldosteronism, n = 2; Cushing's syndrome, n = 1). In 10 essential hypertensive patients, the immediate blood pressure reduction caused by decreased total peripheral resistance after the administration of captopril was observed without changes of cardiac output and heart rate. Serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity and plasma aldosterone concentration significantly decreased, whereas plasma renin activity significantly elevated 2 hours after the administration of captopril. The close relationship between the pretreatment value of plasma renin activity and the maximum decrease in mean blood pressure in 16 hypertensive patients suggests that the depressor response to a single administration of captopril could evaluate the degree of angiotensin II dependency in the maintenance of high blood pressure in various types of hypertension.     

男性高血压合并阻塞性睡眠暂停综合征患者动脉弹性与血浆肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮活性改变的研究

目的:了解合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的中年男性高血压病患者,动脉弹性改变和血浆肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮活性改变,探讨两者的相互关系,从而对合并睡眠暂停的高血压病患者的针对性治疗提供理论依据。方法:选择中年男性高血压病住院患者276例,进行多导睡眠监测,根据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为原发性高血压(EH)组(n=101)和原发性高血压合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(EH+OSAS)组(n=175),两组分别测定晨起卧位肾素活性、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、血浆醛固酮(Ald)、肱-踝动脉脉搏波传导速度(BaPWV),以及24h动态血压监测,观察两组患者血压、心率、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮活性及BaPWV的变化。结果:1EH+OSAS组患者血浆肾素活性[EH+OSAS:1.44(0.51,3.27)比EH:1.83(0.32,4.56)μg/L]和血管紧张素Ⅱ[EH+OSAS:54.99(45.07,71.61)比EH:58.89(50.16,65.52)ng/L]均低于EH组(P0.05),差异有统计学意义;EH+OSAS组患者血浆醛固酮[EH+OSAS:0.115(0.096,0.147)比EH:0.106(0.094,0.140)μg/L]高于EH组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2EH+OSAS组患者左右BaPWV均高于EH组[左BaPWV:EH+OSAS:1 520(1 341,1 667)比EH:1 426(1 284,1 614)cm/s,P0.05;右BaPWV:EH+OSAS:1 537(1 375,1 690)比EH:1 479(1 304,1 621)cm/s,P0.05]。3患者睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)与血浆醛固酮浓度及左右BaPWV呈显著正相关。4患者左右BaPWV与醛固酮浓度呈显著正相关,与睡眠监测中最低血氧饱和度和平均血氧饱和度呈显著负相关。结论:1合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的男性高血压病患者的血浆醛固酮浓度明显升高,其血浆肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮浓度较单纯高血压组具有明显差异性。2合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的男性高血压病患者的动脉弹性损害比单纯高血压组更加严重,可能与血浆醛固酮的升高有关。     

The Effects of Saralasin, an Angiotensin II Antagonist on Blood Pressure and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Normal and Hypertensive Subjects

Summary: The effects of saralasin, an angiotensin II antagonist, on blood pressure and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in recumbent normal and hypertensive subjects.
Blood pressure reduction with saralasin infusion was seen only in hypertensive patients with abnormally elevated basal plasma renin and angiotensin II levels, and after sodium depletion the reduction in blood pressure was more marked. In normal subjects, and in hypertensives with plasma renin and angiotensin II levels within the normal range, there was no marked fall in blood pressure across saralasin infusion regardless of the sodium status of the individual.
Plasma aldosterone concentration fell during saralasin infusion in those subjects with high baseline renin and angiotensin II levels. This fall occurred in the sodium replete and deplete states. In the normal subjects, and those hypertensives with normal plasma renin levels, there was no fall in aldosterone in the sodium replete state. However, after sodium depletion the expected rise in aldosterone was abolished during saralasin infusion, the plasma aldosterone falling to within the normal sodium replete range, rising again after the saralasin infusion was stopped.
This study supports the concept of a direct role for renin and angiotensin II in the maintenance of hypertension in those subjects with elevated basal plasma renin. Plasma aldosterone would appear to be controlled, at least in part, by the prevailing plasma angiotensin II level in those subjects with elevated basal levels of angiotensin II; that is in high renin hypertensives, and in normal subjects and normal renin hypertensives who are sodium deplete.     

螺内酯对老年高血压心力衰竭患者某些神经体液因子的影响

目的　探讨螺内酯对老年高血压心力衰竭患者血浆儿茶酚胺、肾素活性、血管紧张素Ⅱ及醛固酮的影响。方法　入选 32例老年高血压心力衰竭患者 ,随机分为螺内酯组与对照组 ,各 16例 ,用螺内酯治疗前与治疗 1个月 ,用高效液相色谱方法测定血浆去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素 ,同时采用均相竞争放射免疫方法检测血浆肾素活性、血管紧张素Ⅱ与醛固酮。结果　螺内酯治疗 1个月的螺内酯组血浆去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素明显低于治疗前 ,也低于对照组。结论　螺内酯可明显降低老年高血压心力衰竭患者的儿茶酚胺水平     

醛固酮合酶基因多态性与高血压患者血压及RAAS激素水平的相关性研究

目的探讨醛固酮合酶(CYP11B2)基因-344C/T多态性与高血压患者血压及肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统(RAAS)激素水平的相关性。方法用放射免疫法检测171例原发性高血压患者(92例男性,79女性)RAAS激素水平,包括血浆肾素活性(PRA)、血浆血管紧张素II(AT-II)和醛固酮(ALD)水平。用聚合酶链反应(PCR)和限制性酶切方法检测所有患者的CYP11B2基因-344C/T多态性,按CC、CT和TT三种基因型分组。分析其与高血压患者血压及RAAS激素水平的相关性。结果 CYP11B2基因-344C/T多态性与高血压患者血压及血浆PRA和AT-II水平无关,但与血浆ALD水平相关,TT和CT基因型者的血浆ALD水平要高于CC基因型者,其差异有统计学意义(0.66±0.36or0.61±0.35versus0.42±0.23nmol/L,P=0.036)。结论本研究显示,高血压患者的CYP11B2基因-344C/T多态性与血浆ALD水平相关,提示该多态性可能参与了高血压患者血浆ALD水平的调节。     

Long-term effects of telmisartan on blood pressure, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and lipids in hypertensive patients

We prospectively evaluated long-term (12 months) effects of telmisartan on blood pressure (BP), circulating renin-anigiotensin-aldosterone levels, and lipids in hypertensive patients. There were 13 men and 11 women, 59 ± 8.7 years of age (mean ± SEM), with untreated essential hypertension. The 20-60 mg doses of telmisartan were administered once daily in the morning until BP130/85 was obtained. Blood pressure and plasma renin activity, plasma angiotensin (Ang) I and Ang II, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, plasma aldosterone concentration, plasma human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) concentration, and serum lipids were obtained 6 and 12 months after starting telmisartan administration. Systolic and diastolic BP were significantly (P < 0.001, P < 0.001) decreased from 162 ± 3.3 and 97.7 ± 2.1 mmHg to 128 ± 3.8 and 79.6 ± 2.0 mmHg after 12 months of treatment, respectively. Plasma Ang I and Ang II were unchanged at 12 months. Plasma renin activity and serum ACE activity were significantly (P < 0.001, P < 0.05) increased and plasma aldosterone concentration was unchanged during the study period. Total cholesterol levels were unchanged, but serum triglycerides levels were significantly decreased at 12 months (P < 0.01). Plasma hANP showed no significant alteration throughout the 12-month period. In hypertensive patients, telmisartan is a beneficial antihypertensive drug that also lowers serum triglycerides.     

Association of adrenal steroids with hypertension and the metabolic syndrome in blacks

Blacks have a high prevalence of hypertension and adrenal cortical adenomas/hyperplasia. We evaluated the hypothesis that adrenal steroids are associated with hypertension and the metabolic syndrome in blacks. Ambulatory blood pressures, anthropometric measurements, and measurements of plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone, fasting lipids, glucose, and insulin were obtained in 397 subjects (46% hypertensive and 50% female) after discontinuing antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications. Hypertension was defined as average ambulatory blood pressure >130/85 mm Hg. Late-night and early morning salivary cortisol, 24-hour urine-free cortisol, and cortisone excretion were measured in a consecutive subsample of 97 subjects (40% hypertensive and 52% female). Compared with normotensive subjects, hypertensive subjects had greater waist circumference and unfavorable lipid profiles, were more insulin resistant, and had lower PRA and higher plasma aldosterone and both late-night and early morning salivary cortisol concentrations. Twenty-four-hour urine-free cortisol and cortisone did not differ. Overall, ambulatory blood pressure was positively correlated with plasma aldosterone (r=0.22; P<0.0001) and late-night salivary cortisol (r=0.23; P=0.03) and inversely correlated with PRA (r=-0.21; P<0.001). Plasma aldosterone correlated significantly with waist circumference, total cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, and the insulin-resistance index. Based on Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, 17% of all of the subjects were classified as having the metabolic syndrome. Plasma aldosterone levels, but not PRA, were elevated in subjects with the metabolic syndrome (P=0.0002). The association of aldosterone with blood pressure, waist circumference, and insulin resistance suggests that aldosterone may contribute to obesity-related hypertension in blacks. In addition, we speculate that relatively high aldosterone and low PRA in these hypertensive individuals may reflect a mild variant of primary aldosteronism.     

Diurnal monitoring of blood pressure and the renin-angiotensin system in hypertensive patients on long-term angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition

The temporal blood pressure course and the diurnal profile of the renin-angiotensin system were examined in 13 patients with essential hypertension receiving hydrochlorothiazide and enalapril once daily. Blood samples were taken and blood pressure was measured before the habitual morning dose of hydrochlorothiazide and enalapril (at 8.00 a.m.) and at seven time points over the next 24 h. During the period of maximal effect of enalapril (from 11.00 a.m. to 2.00 p.m.), the increase in plasma renin concentration ranged from no change to an 800% increase. A negative correlation was observed between an increase in plasma renin and a decrease in immunoreactive plasma angiotensin II concentration (Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient = 0.83). Notably, the greatest changes in plasma renin and angiotensin II concentrations after enalapril were seen in those patients whose blood pressure fell most during the day. We conclude that hypertensive patients on long-term therapy with enalapril once daily vary widely in their between-dose biochemical response to the drug, and that there is a significant association between the responsiveness of the plasma renin-angiotensin system and the effect on 24 h blood pressure.     

Role of renin–angiotensin aldosterone system on short-term blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients

The relationship between the renin–angiotensin aldosterone system and short-term blood pressure variability has not been well elucidated. Here, we investigated whether blood pressure variability determined by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring differed among patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), renovascular hypertension (RVHT), and essential hypertension (EHT). We examined 25 patients with PA, 28 patients with RVHT, and 18 patients with EHT. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted in all patients. Short-term blood pressure variability was evaluated by calculating the standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and average real variability (ARV) of 24-h, daytime, and nighttime blood pressure values. Day–night differences in blood pressure were also determined. The mean 24-h systolic blood pressure (SBP) and the mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the PA and RVHT groups were found to be comparable to those in the EHT group. The SD, the CV, nor the ARV of the 24-h, daytime, and nighttime blood pressures showed any significant differences among the three groups. The day–night differences in blood pressure were comparable among the three groups. The short-term blood pressure variabilities evaluated by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were comparable among the patients with EHT, RVHT, and PA. The results suggest that the renin–angiotensin aldosterone system may contribute little to short-term blood pressure variability in individuals with hypertension.