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1.
汪化文  申仑 《安徽医药》2022,26(2):351-359
目的 检测C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白3(CTRP3)、C1q/肿瘤坏死因子相关蛋白9(CTRP9)在冠状动脉钙化(CAC)病人血清中的表达情况,探讨两者与CAC严重程度的关系.方法 选取2017年8月至2019年7月邯郸市中心医院接收的CAC病人128例,按照冠状动脉钙化积分(CACS)将其分为少量钙化组(28例)、轻度钙化组(32例)、中度钙化组(38例)和重度钙化组(30例),选取同期健康者130例为健康对照组.分别采集两组外周血并分离出血清,利用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清中CTRP3、CTRP9的表达水平,使用全自动生化分析仪分析血脂指标三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,采用Pearson法分析CAC病人血清中CTRP3、CTRP9水平与TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C的相关性,采用多因素logistic回归分析影响CAC发生的因素.结果 与健康对照组相比,CAC组血清中CTRP3[(67.26±7.58)μg/L比(80.05±16.23)μg/L]、CTRP9[(34.15±2.65)μg/L比(39.26±3.12)μg/L]和HDL-C水平[(1.17±0.22)mmol/L比(1.64±0.31)mmol/L]明显下降(P<0.05),TC[(5.43±0.86)mmol/L比(4.52±0.53)mmol/L]、TG[(1.99±0.41)mmol/L比(1.58±0.27)mmol/L]、LDL-C水平[(3.57±0.34)mmol/L比(3.06±0.19)mmol/L]、收缩压[(134.78±12.63)mmHg比(121.74±11.85)mmHg]、舒张压[(85.42±7.84)mmHg比(70.67±6.01)mmHg]明显升高(P<0.05);随着少量钙化的发生及CAC病人CACS的升高,CTRP3、CTRP9和HDL-C水平明显下降(P<0.05),TC、TG、LDL-C水平明显升高(P<0.05);年龄、收缩压、舒张压在四组不同钙化组中总体呈上升趋势(P<0.05);CAC病人血清中CTRP3、CTRP9水平与TC、TG水平均明显负相关(P<0.05),与HDL-C水平均明显正相关(P<0.05);CTRP3、CTRP9、HDL-C是影响CAC发生的保护因素,TC、TG、LDL-C水平均是影响CAC发生的危险因素.结论 CAC组病人血清中CTRP3、CTRP9表达均明显下调,其表达水平均随着CAC组病人冠状动脉钙化程度的加重而下调,且与部分血脂指标关系密切,是影响CAC发生的保护因素,可作为CAC早期诊断的指标及CAC严重程度的标志物.  相似文献   

2.
张文婷  郑娜  焦亮 《安徽医药》2021,25(7):1437-1441
目的 观察尿毒症血液透析病人网织红细胞(RET)、血清转氨酶水平,并探讨二者与尿毒症血液透析预后的关系.方法 选取2015年6月至2016年6月四川省人民医院收治的尿毒症血液透析病人78例,同时选取同期体检健康者78例为对照组.采用全自动血液分析仪检测RET水平,采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法测定病人血清转氨酶水平,采用多功能全自动生化分析仪进行肾功能指标测定,采用彩色多普勒超声心动仪测定研究对象心功能指标,并分析尿毒症血液分析病人RET、血清转氨酶与心、肾功能指标的相关性.结果 与对照组[(101.48±33.41)μmol/L、(6.49±2.11)mmol/L、(16.43±5.07)mg/L、(112.23±20.31)mL、(37.28±5.43)mL]相比,尿毒症血液透析病人透析前后血肌酐(Scr)[(186.45±61.38)μmol/L、(138.76±46.81)μmol/L]、血尿素氮(BUN)[(13.21±4.87)mmol/L、(9.63±3.18)mmol/L]、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)[(29.14±9.23)mg/L、(22.47±6.94)mg/L]、左室舒张期末容积(LVEDV)[(124.98±20.53)mL、(118.43±16.13)mL]、左室收缩期末容积(LVESV)[(58.12±5.84)mL、(43.15±5.67)mL]水平均升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与透析前相比,透析后尿毒症血液透析病人血清血清转氨酶、RET百分比、Scr、BUN、β2-MG、LVEDV、LVESV水平下降(P<0.05).尿毒症血液透析病人透析前、后RET百分比、血清转氨酶水平与Scr、BUN、β2-MG、LVEDV及LVESV均呈正相关(P<0.05)三年存活组病人透析前、透析后RET百分比[(1.32±0.14)×109/L、(1.11±0.12)×109/L]、血清AST[(49.26±6.94)U/L、(39.24±6.83)U/L]及ALT[(53.94±7.09)U/L、(42.96±7.03)U/L]水平均明显低于死亡组[(1.53±0.16)×109/L、(1.31±0.14)×109/L、(56.34±7.63)U/L、(45.37±6.24)U/L、(61.49±8.17)U/L、(48.38±6.26)U/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 RET百分比、血清转氨酶在尿毒症血液透析病人透析前呈现高水平,透析后水平降低,RET、血清转氨酶水平的测定可能有助于判断尿毒症血液透析病人的预后.  相似文献   

3.
目的:观察辛伐他汀对冠状动脉粥样硬化患者动脉硬化程度进展的干预效果。方法纳入2012年2月至2013年2月在北京军区总医院住院治疗血脂水平正常但颈动脉内膜中层厚度( IMT)增厚的冠状动脉粥样硬化症患者92例。采用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组(46例)和观察组(46例)。对照组给予常规治疗+健康教育等,观察组在常规治疗+健康教育基础上联合辛伐他汀治疗(20 mg,每晚1次),治疗及随访时间为1年。检测并比较2组患者干预前后总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇( HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇( LDL-C)、空腹血糖、颈动脉IMT及动脉僵硬度指标心踝血管指数( CAVI)。结果观察组1例患者在服用辛伐他汀3周时出现下肢肌肉疼痛,肌酸激酶增高2倍,退出研究。观察组与对照组患者治疗前总胆固醇、LDL-C、HDL-C、三酰甘油水平及颈动脉IMT、CAVI比较,差异均无统计学意义[总胆固醇:(6.8±0.6)mmol/L比(6.6±0.6) mmol/L、LDL-C:(3.6±0.4)mmol/L比(3.6±0.5)mmol/L、HDL-C:(1.0±0.4)mmol/L比(0.9±0.5)mmol/L、三酰甘油:(2.6±0.5)mmol/L 比(2.6±0.5)mmol/L、颈动脉IMT:(1.15±0.17)mm 比(1.14±0.17)mm、CAVI:(8.6±0.8)比(8.6±0.7)](均P>0.05)。对照组患者干预1年后总胆固醇、LDL-C、颈动脉IMT、CAVI均较治疗前无明显变化[总胆固醇:(5.5±0.5)mmol/L比(6.6±0.6) mmol/L、LDL-C:(3.2±0.5) mmol/L 比(3.6±0.5) mmol/L、颈动脉 IMT:(1.12±0.17)mm比(1.14±0.17)mm、CAVI:(8.7±0.8)比(8.6±0.7)](均P>0.05)。观察组患者干预1年后总胆固醇、LDL-C、颈动脉IMT、CAVI分别为(2.8±0.3) mmol/L、(2.8±0.3) mmol/L、(0.91±0.11)mm、(8.1±0.7),均较治疗前有明显降低(均P<0.05),?  相似文献   

4.
目的 探究血清乳脂肪球表皮生长因子8(MFG-E8)、鸢尾素对结直肠息肉病人复发的预测价值。方法 以石家庄市中医院2021年6—12月收治的96例结直肠息肉病人为息肉组进行回顾性研究,另选取该院同期健康体检志愿者96例为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测所有受试者血清MFG-E8、鸢尾素水平。术后随访半年,根据是否复发将息肉组病人分为复发组(32例)和未复发组(64例),比较两组血清MFG-E8、鸢尾素水平。采用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析血清MFG-E8、鸢尾素对结直肠息肉病人复发的预测价值。结果 息肉组血清MFG-E8[(145.31±22.44)μg/L比(92.39±15.65)μg/L]水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),鸢尾素[(5.17±0.82)ng/L比(8.54±1.13)ng/L]水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。复发组血清MFG-E8[(163.39±26.31)μg/L比(136.27±17.51)μg/L]水平明显高于未复发组(P<0.05),鸢尾素[(4.58±0.74)ng/L比(5.46±0.86)ng/L]水平...  相似文献   

5.
目的 探究重度颅脑外伤病人血清T细胞激活性低分泌因子(RANTES)、γ-干扰素诱导蛋白10(IP-10)水平及其与预后的关系。方法 选取2016年1月至2019年7月中国人民解放军第四军医大学第二附属医院诊治的颅脑外伤病人174例进行研究,根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)将病人分为轻度组(n=58例)、中度组(n=58例)、重度组(n=58例),并选取同期体检健康者58例进行对照研究(健康组)。酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测血清RANTES、IP-10水平;Pearson法分析重度颅脑外伤病人血清RANTES水平与IP-10的相关性;比较两组不同预后重度颅脑外伤病人血清RANTES、IP-10水平;采用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)评价血清RANTES、IP-10对重度颅脑外伤病人预后的评估价值。结果 颅脑外伤病人血清RANTES[(1.36±0.38)μg/L、(1.68±0.43)μg/L、(2.06±0.60)μg/L]、IP-10[(247.49±54.45)ng/L、(290.53±62.76)ng/L、(362.18±68.82)ng/L]水平均显著高于健康者(0.88±...  相似文献   

6.
目的 探讨血清微小RNA-34a(miR-34a)、沉默信息调节因子2相关酶1(Sirt1)水平与老年脑梗死病人颈动脉粥样硬化(CAS)斑块稳定性的关系.方法 选取2017年6月至2019年6月邯郸明仁医院收治的老年脑梗死病人170例作为脑梗死组,同期该院体检健康者150例作为对照组.均接受颈动脉超声检查,根据检查结果 将脑梗死组病人分为无斑块组、稳定斑块组、不稳定斑块组.使用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测血清miR-34a水平,使用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)检测血清Sirt1水平,使用AU5800全自动生化分析仪检测三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C),并采用多因素logistic回归分析影响老年脑梗死病人CAS不稳定斑块形成的危险因素.结果 脑梗死组病人血清miR-34a(1.88±0.53)水平明显高于对照组(1.01±0.29)(P<0.05),血清Sirt1水平(0.92±0.26)μg/L明显低于对照组(2.08±0.57)μg/L(P<0.05).不稳定斑块组病人年龄明显大于无斑块组(P<0.05);不稳定斑块组、稳定斑块组病人总胆固醇、LDL-C明显高于无斑块组(P<0.05),不稳定斑块组病人总胆固醇、LDL-C明显高于稳定斑块组(P<0.05).脑梗死组病人不同CAS斑块性质血清miR-34a水平高低依次为:不稳定斑块组、稳定斑块组、无斑块组,血清Sirt1水平高低依次为:无斑块组、稳定斑块组、不稳定斑块组,两两比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).年龄、miR-34a为老年脑梗死病人CAS不稳定斑块形成的独立危险因素(P<0.05),Sirt1为保护性因素(P<0.05).结论 血清miR-34a水平升高、Sirt1水平降低可能与老年脑梗死发生及CAS不稳定斑块形成有关.  相似文献   

7.
慢性肾脏病患者血清脂肪细胞因子水平及其作用的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的检测慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者血清脂联素(ADPN)、抵抗素(Res)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平,探讨CKD患者血清脂肪细胞因子水平的变化及其作用。方法选择CKD患者104例,分为肾病组、肾炎组、肾衰非透析组、腹膜透析组和血液透析组。另设健康对照组。用ELISA方法检测上述各项指标,比较各组间的差别。结果①CKD患者血清ADPN水平在肾病组[(22.40±6.02)mg/L]、肾炎组[(12.41±4.01)mg/L]、肾衰非透析组[(15.88±4.94)mg/L]、腹膜透析组[(14.55±3.51)mg/L]和血液透析组[(14.26±4.54)mg/L]均显著升高(与对照组[(4.95±2.19)mg/L]相比,P&lt;0.01),并以肾病组升高为著;②患者的血清Res水平在肾衰非透析组[(9.95±2.65)μg/L]、腹膜透析组[(10.9±2.55)μg/L]和血液透析组[(10.52±4.77)μg/L]均显著升高(与对照组[(4.60±1.47)μg/L]和肾病组[(5.80±2.16)μg/L]、肾炎组[(5.57±1.24)μg/L]患者相比,P〈0.01);③cKD患者的血清ADPN水平与Res、尿蛋白量呈正相关(P〈0.05),与血白蛋白水平呈负相关(P〈O.01);血清Res水平与TNF一α、hs-CRP、血肌酐呈正相关(P〈0.01),与肾小球滤过率呈负相关(P〈0.01)。结论CKD患者的血清ADPN、Res水平显著升高,并与尿蛋白量、炎性因子和肾小球滤过率等因素有关。ADPN和Res在CKD患者动脉粥样硬化的启动和发展中可能起一定作用。  相似文献   

8.
目的探讨维持性血液透析患者血清基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-10水平与动脉粥样硬化(AS)发生之间的关系。方法抽取30例门诊正常体检者为正常对照组,60例维持性血液透析患者为血液透析组,比较2组MMP-10水平;根据颈内动脉彩超结果将血液透析组分为AS组和非AS组,比较2组间MMP-10、血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿酸、白蛋白(Alb)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、颈动脉内膜中层厚度(cIMT)、PROCAM评分及组织金属蛋白酶抑制物-1等水平;分析血液透析患者MMP-10与其他指标的相关性。结果血液透析组 MMP-10水平(1263.08±698.28)ng/L高于正常对照组(749.27±340.08)ng/L(P<0.01),AS组MMP-10水平高于非AS组[(1420.30±786.25)ng/L vs(971.10±355.18)ng/L,P<0.05]。血液透析组MMP-10与年龄、CRP、cIMT及PROCAM评分呈正相关,与Alb水平呈负相关(r=-0.314)。结论维持性血液透析患者中MMP-10水平升高,并与AS的发生有关。  相似文献   

9.
目的 探讨分析上皮间质转化(EMT)与输尿管结石钬激光碎石后输尿管狭窄的关系。方法 选取2019年6月至2021年6月河南科技大学第一附属医院行输尿管结石钬激光碎石术后34例出现输尿管狭窄患者作为狭窄组,其中男19例、女15例,年龄(44.54±10.35)岁,按1∶1比例选取同期收治行输尿管钬激光碎石术后未出现输尿管狭窄的34例作为非狭窄组,男20例、女14例,年龄(45.56±9.57)岁。采用χ2检验或独立样本t检验比较两组患者一般资料及血清高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)水平差异,并使用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析血清HMGB1、IL-1β、TGF-β1水平对钬激光碎石术后输尿管狭窄的预测效能。结果 术前,两组患者血清HMGB1、IL-1β、TGF-β1水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);术后第7天,狭窄组患者血清HMGB1、IL-1β、TGF-β1水平分别为(15.98±1.11)μg/L、(24.23±1.54)μg/L、(381.58±38.52)ng/L,均高于非狭窄组的(14.21±1.02)μg/L、(23.11±1.08)μg/L、(318.23±27.54)ng/L,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。ROC分析显示,患者术后第7天血清HMGB1、IL-1β、TGF-β1水平均可作为钬激光碎石术后输尿管狭窄的预测指标(Z=7.421、2.759、10.740,均P<0.05),其曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.848、0.679、0.898,其中血清TGF-β1的预测效能最高。结论 钬激光碎石术引起输尿管损伤可导致血清HMGB1、IL-1β、TGF-β1水平升高,患者血清HMGB1、IL-1β、TGF-β1水平可作为钬激光碎石术后输尿管狭窄的预测指标。  相似文献   

10.
目的:探讨盐敏感性高血压患者血清非对称二甲基精氨酸(asymmetric dimethylarginine,ADMA)的测定及其意义。方法:选取100例盐敏感性高血压患者为观察组,选取100例健康体检者为对照组。比较两组血清ADMA水平、血清一氧化氮(nitric oxide, NO)水平;观察不同分级的盐敏感性高血压患者血清ADMA水平差异;采用Pearson相关分析分析血清ADMA水平与血清三酰甘油(triglyceride, TG)、血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol , LDL-C)、血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)、收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)的相关性。结果:观察组血清ADMA和NO水平分别为(3.8±0.8)μmol/L、(33.1±8.9)μmol/L;对照组血清ADMA和NO水平分别为(2.3±0.7)μmol/L、(54.4±10.2)μmol/L,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着高血压分级的增高,患者血清ADMA水平明显增加,血清NO水平明显降低,I级、II级、III级患者间血清ADMA及NO水平比较差异显著(P<0.05)。 Pearson相关分析结果显示,观察组患者血清ADMA水平与SBP、DBP、LDL-C、HDL-C、TC、TG呈现正相关(P<0.05)。结论:血清ADMA水平与盐敏感性高血压的发生发展密切相关,对于病情判定和治疗具有一定价值。  相似文献   

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Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.
Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.
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This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.  相似文献   

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We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.  相似文献   

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In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.  相似文献   

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Abstract

The uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors.  相似文献   

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