浅析中药注射剂不良反应发生原因及防治

目的了解中药注射剂在临床应用中发生药物不良反应的主要原因。方法通过查阅近几年来有关中药注射剂不良反应文献资料,结合临床实践,总结归纳中药注射剂不良反应的影响因素,分析并制定预防对策。结果引起中药注射剂不良反应的原因是多方面、复杂的。结论中药注射剂不良反应发生率高,应高度重视。加强中药注射剂不良反应的监测工作,提高药物使用安全性。     

2011年40例中药注射剂不良反应分析

目的 分析中药注射剂不良反应发生的原因,时间影响因素及不良反应与发生前后使用药品的关系.方法 回顾性收集我院2011年中药注射剂的ADR报告,对中药注射剂引起不良反应的原因进行多因素分析,提出相应建议.结果 中药注射剂发生不良反应的原因除生产,临床使用等主要原因外,还应注意中药注射剂与其它化学药物的配伍、中药注射剂在使用前后与其它药物应有足够的间隔时间.结论 中药注射剂单独使用,在静脉滴注时与其它药物间隔至少30分钟,可大大减少中药注射剂的不良反应.     

中药注射剂不良反应的现状及临床预防对策

目的探讨中药注射剂不良反应的现状及制定预防对策,保障临床用药安全。方法对中药注射剂不良反应数据进行分析,查阅有关文献,结合工作实践,总结产生不良反应的原因,并提出预防措施。结果中药注射剂不良反应现状严重,在医疗机构中规范中药注射剂的临床使用流程,加强用药监护,能有效地减少甚至避免中药注射剂ADR的发生。结论中药注射剂不良反应应引起重视,并规范中药注射剂的临床使用流程。     

中药注射剂不良反应的分析与对策

目的中药注射剂应该合理应用。方法通过对中药注射剂不良反应产生的原因分析提出中药注射剂不良反应的对策及预防。结果与结论中药注射剂是现代中药剂型的发展方向之一。它改变了传统的给药方式,具备药效迅速,作用可靠,生物利用度高,剂量准确等优点,但随着中药注射剂越来越广泛的应用,被发现的药品不良反应也越来越引起人们的关注。本文对中药注射剂不良反应产生的原因进行了分析并提出预防对策,希望能对中药注射剂的临床应用有所借鉴。     

93例中药注射剂不良反应分析与原因探讨

目的了解中药注射剂发生不良反应的特点与规律,并分析其原因,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法采用回顾性分析方法,对2010年1月～2012年12月南通市第二人民医院收集到的93例中药注射剂不良反应病例进行统计,并分析引起中药注射剂不良反应的原因,对如何防范中药注射剂的不良反应提出建议。结果 93例中药注射剂不良反应报告共涉及19个品种,其中血塞通注射液发生最多,占15.1%,不良反应的临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害多见,产生中药注射剂不良反应的原因涉及药物制剂质量、患者因素、临床使用、药物研究等多方面的因素。结论应从基础研究、临床使用、上市后再评价等多方面加强对中药注射剂的管理,减少或避免中药注射剂不良反应造成的伤害。     

中药注射剂的不良反应分析及预防对策

中药注射剂疗效显著,大量应用于临床治疗,近年来由于中药注射剂的临床应用非常广泛,不良反应发生率也呈现逐渐上升的趋势。在总结引起中药注射剂不良反应发生原因的基础上,提出了防范措施以及今后如何更好地使用和发展中药注射剂的建设性意见。     

中药注射剂不良反应原因分析及预防措施

目的 了解中药注射剂不良反应的产生原因,为临床合理用药提供参考.方法 对临床诊疗过程中收集的中药静脉输液问题进行整理分析,并对存在的问题提出预防措施.结果 中药注射剂引起不良反应的原因较多,包括药物因素,使用因素和患者因素.结论 应重视中药注射剂的不良反应,提高合理用药水平.     

论中药注射剂引起不良反应的原因及其对策

文章阐述了中药注射剂引起不良反应的主要原因,如药材品种混乱、制剂工艺不规范、质量标准不完善等,分析中药注射剂常见不良反应的临床表现,提出减少临床用药不良反应的对策。     

180例中药注射剂不良反应分析

目的探讨中药注射剂不良反应,分析不良反应发生的原因及其预防措施。方法对该院2007年1月—2011年11月申报的涉及中药注射剂的180例不良反应进行分析。结果 180例中药注射剂引起的不良反应中,其中全身损伤有101例,占56.11%;皮肤损伤有53例,占29.44%;其次是呼吸系统、消化系统及循环系统等。结论每种中药注射剂都存在不良反应的可能,临床用药时需权衡利弊,并对加强中药注射剂的临床应用管理,减少不良反应的发生。     

浅谈中药注射剂在临床的不良反应和安全合理使用

目的分析我院中药注射剂在临床使用情况和发生不良反应的原因,探讨临床使用中药注射剂应注意的问题。方法通过查阅有关文献资料,结合临床工作实践,总结临床安全合理使用中药注射剂应注意的问题。结果我院使用的中药注射剂有清热解毒、抗菌类,补益类等8个品种。不良反应表现在发热、过敏、胃肠道不适、皮疹等。引起不良反应的原因有药物本身成分、医护人员用药不当、也有患者自身对药物的反应所造成。结论在临床使用中药注射剂时,严格按中药注射剂使用原则和药品说明书使用,既能很好地发挥中药注射剂的药效,又能避免或减少不良反应的发生。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.