国产腺苷介入心肌灌注断层显像对心肌缺血的诊断价值

目的评价国产腺苷负荷心肌灌注断层显像对心肌缺血的诊断价值及腺苷试验的安全性。方法 102例临床疑冠心病患者行腺苷负荷/静息~(99)Tc~m-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)心肌灌注断层显像,其中70例显像1周内又行冠状动脉(简称冠脉)造影检查。腺苷按体重0.84 mg·kg~(-1)通过输液泵静脉双通路给药,对心肌灌注断层显像图作定性分析。结果 70例行冠脉造影者中正常31例,有冠脉狭窄病变者39例(单支病变19例,双支病变10例,3支病变10例);共检出病变血管69支,累及左前降支32支,左回旋支16支,右冠脉20支,左主干1支。腺苷负荷心肌灌注断层显像正常33例,心肌缺血37例,其对冠心病心肌缺血诊断的灵敏度为82.05%(32/39例),特异性为83.87%(26/31例),准确性为82.86%(58/70例),阳性预测值为86.49%(32/37例),阴性预测值为78.79%(26/33例)。对各病变血管检出的灵敏度为:左前降支75.00%(24/32支),左回旋支62.50%(10/16支),右冠脉80.00%(16/20支)。对单支、双支、3支血管病变诊断的灵敏度分别为68 42%、90.00%和100%。腺苷负荷心肌灌注断层显像对病变冠脉诊断总灵敏度为73.53%(50/68支),特异性96.48%(137/142支),准确性89.05%(187/210支),阳性预测值90.91%(50/55支),阴性预测值88.39%(137/155支)。腺苷试验不良反应轻,时间短,发生率为85.29%(87/102例)。结论国产腺苷负荷试验介入~(99)Tc~m-MIBI 心肌灌注断层显像安全可靠。     

腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI心肌SPECT/CT显像诊断冠心病及检测存活心肌的研究

 目的 评价国产腺苷负荷心肌灌注断层显像对心肌缺血的诊断及腺苷试验的安全性.方法 60例临床疑似冠心病的患者行腺苷负荷99mTc-MIBI(甲氧基异丁基异腈)心肌灌注断层显像,其中40例行冠脉造影检查.腺苷按0.84 mg/kg通过输液泵静脉双通路给药,对心肌灌注显像图作定性分析.结果 60例患者行冠脉造影者40例,其中正常8例,1支以上狭窄≥50%者32例,其中病变为单支11例,双支14例,3支7例.60例行腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像检查总阳性率为80%(48/60).腺苷试验不良反应轻时间短,发生率为80%(48/60).结论 腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像安全可靠.     

负荷-静息心肌灌注显像对老年人冠心病的诊断价值

目的探讨负荷-静息心肌灌注显像对老年人冠心病的诊断价值。方法205例疑诊冠心病的老年患者[≥60（67±5）岁],行^99Tc^m-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）负荷-静息心肌灌注显像（运动负荷185例,药物负荷20例）和冠状动脉造影检查,排除曾行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）及冠状动脉旁路移植术（CABG）者。以冠状动脉造影为“金标准”,评价负荷-静息心肌灌注显像诊断老年冠心病的灵敏度、特异性和准确性。采用SPSS 15．0软件对数据行χ^2检验。结果以冠状动脉管腔狭窄〉50％作为诊断标准,205例患者中冠状动脉造影阳性57例（28％）,其中单支病变30例,双支病变19例,三支病变8例。冠状动脉造影结果阳性的患者中核素负荷-静息心肌灌注显像异常者36例;冠状动脉造影阴性148例（72％）患者中,负荷-静息心肌灌注显像正常者135例。对照冠状动脉造影结果,负荷-静息心肌灌注显像对老年人冠心病总的诊断灵敏度63％（36／57）,特异性91％（135／148）,准确性83％（171／205）;对单支、双支以及三支病变的诊断灵敏度分别为57％（17／30）、58％（11／19）和8／8。行运动负荷显像患者185例,按照运动试验是否达到目标心率分为2组：组1运动试验高峰心率达到目标心率,共53例（29％）;组2运动试验高峰心率未达到目标心率,共132例（71％）。2组心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度分别为81％（13／16）和58％（22／38）。组1诊断灵敏度高于组2,但经χ^2检验,两者之间差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2．69,P=0．1）。结论负荷-静息心肌灌注显像是诊断老年人冠心病的可靠方法;当运动负荷达到目标心率时,核素心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病的灵敏度较高。     

腺苷与运动负荷心肌灌注显像诊断不典型胸痛心肌缺血的临床价值

目的评价腺苷和运动负荷心肌灌注显像诊断不典型胸痛患者心肌缺血的价值。方法不典型胸痛患者67例行腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像，81例行运动负荷心肌灌注显像，结果分别与冠状动脉（简称冠脉）造影比较，得到显像诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度、特异性和准确性。结果腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像组67例中，23例冠脉造影有狭窄病变，腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像检出可逆性灌注异常即诊断心肌缺血16例，44例冠脉造影阴性者中，腺苷心肌灌注显像正常41例。腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度为70％，特异性93％，准确性85％。运动负荷心肌灌注显像组81例中，31例冠脉造影阳性，运动负荷心肌灌注显像检出心肌缺血22例，50例冠脉造影阴性者中，运动负荷心肌灌注显像正常48例。运动负荷心肌灌注显像诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度为71％，特异性96％，准确性86％。结论腺苷或运动负荷心肌灌注显像出现可逆性灌注异常对诊断不典型胸痛患者冠心病心肌缺血有重要意义。     

阿托品-4 min腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对冠心病的临床诊断价值

目的 评价阿托品-4 min腺苷负荷试验心肌灌注显像对冠心病的临床诊断价值.方法 将研究对象按性别、年龄、冠心病的严重程度[依据冠状动脉(简称冠脉)造影结果]及合并症等进行配对,分为阿托品-4 min腺苷负荷组(研究组)和6 min腺苷负荷组(对照组),每组28例.研究组在注射腺苷前10 min静脉注射阿托品0.5 mg.2组病例分别经肘静脉用注射泵持续注入腺苷,剂量为按体质量0.14 mg·kg-1·min-1,用药时间为4和6 min,于注射腺苷3 min末,分别从肘静脉注入99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)740 MBq.腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像在注射显像剂后1.5 h进行,隔日进行静息心肌灌注显像.结果 (1)研究组和对照组腺苷负荷心肌显像诊断冠心病心肌缺血的灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为85%,6/8,82%和86%,5/7,82%,2组比较χ2均＜0.001,P均＞0.05.(2)研究组腺苷负荷试验诊断单支、双支、三支冠脉狭窄病变的灵敏度分别为6/7,8/9和3/4,对照组分别为7/8,7/8和4/5,组间比较χ2均＜0.001,P＞0.05.(3)研究组和对照组不良反应总的发生率分别为82%和89%;2组各不良反应发生率除胸闷(43%和68%)差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.000,P＜0.05)以外,其余表现2组比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 阿托品-4 min腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像对冠心病心肌缺血有较高的诊断价值,可达到6 min腺苷负荷试验的诊断效能,且胸闷发生率低,更安全简便.     

SPECT／CT显像评价“功能相关冠状动脉病变”的价值

目的探讨SPECT／CT显像评价“功能相关冠状动脉（简称冠脉）病变”的可行性及临床价值。方法40例可疑或确诊冠心病患者同机完成^99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）负荷／静息心肌灌注断层显像和冠脉CT造影（CTCA）。负荷／静息心肌灌注显像采用标准二日法,首日行腺苷负荷心肌灌注显像,次日行静息心肌灌注显像及CTCA。腺苷按患者体质量以0．84mg·kg^-1·min^-1经静脉泵匀速给药,CTCA使用标准自动对比剂跟踪扫描程序完成。通过专用融合软件将心肌血流灌注与冠脉三维成像图融合,评价心肌缺血与冠脉病变的相关关系,确定“功能相关冠脉病变”。结果40例患者,CTCA正常20例,异常20例;120支冠脉中共检出33支病变血管,累及左前降支15支,左回旋支9支,右冠脉9支。心肌灌注显像正常22例,心肌缺血和（或）心肌梗死18例。SPECT心肌灌注和CTCA融合图像显示供血区心肌血流灌注正常且无狭窄冠脉占总的无狭窄冠脉的92．47％（86／93）,狭窄〈75％的冠脉中,其供血区心肌缺血或梗死的阳性率占42．86％（6／14,例）,狭窄〉75％或闭塞冠脉中,其供血区心肌缺血的阳性率占92．31％（12／13,例）。120支冠状动脉中20．83％（25／120,支）的病变冠脉为“功能相关冠脉病变”,检测出27例患者中25．93％（7／27,例）有无狭窄病变的冠脉导致心肌缺血;使15．38％（2／13,例）冠脉病变患者免除有创性诊断检查;指导对42．86％（6／14,例）的狭窄〈75％冠脉行药物治疗或冠脉血管重建术治疗;为1支狭窄〉75％的冠脉无需行血管重建术提供依据。结论SPECT／CT心肌灌注和CTCA融合显像可确定“功能相关冠脉病变”,可提供综合信息诊断冠心病和指导治疗。     

评价SPECT对经皮激光心肌血运重建术治疗心绞痛的疗效监测作用

目的：评价SPECT心肌灌注显像对经皮激光心肌血运重建术（PMR）治疗冠心病心绞痛的疗效监测作用。方法 4例经PMR治疗的病人于治疗前后各1周内,进行静息心肌灌注显像。由计算机固有程序重建断层图像,以心肌各节段灌注缺损作为定性分析,以靶心图缺损范围和缺损心缺占冠脉供血心肌的百分数作为定量分析指标。结果：除1例3支病变患者治疗前后无明显变化外,其它3例缺损百分比均显著下降,1例3支病变术后LAD,LCX和RCA缺损心肌范围分别降低45.2%,59.4%和5.10%,1例2支病变LCX和RCA分别降低39．8％和65．4％。另1例2支病变患者LAD和RCA分别降低40．9％和37．3％。结论：SPECT心肌灌注显像对PMR治疗监测作用可准确显示冠脉供血区域缺血范围和治疗后恢复程度,是临床观察疗效,评价预后的可靠指征。     

低负荷201Tl/静息99Tcm-MIBI双核素心肌断层显像诊断冠心病

目的探讨低负荷-再分布201Tl/静息99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)双核素心肌断层显像在冠心病诊断中的临床价值.方法对101例临床怀疑有冠心病的患者进行低剂量多巴酚丁胺负荷-再分布201Tl/静息99Tcm-MIBI同时心肌断层显像,图像断层重建后进行定量靶心图测定,并与正常数据进行对照,由2位以上有经验的核医学科医师进行图像分析.断层显像后2周内101例患者均行冠状动脉造影,其中54例冠状动脉造影正常,26例有1支动脉病变,15例有2支动脉病变,6例有3支动脉病变.结果①多巴酚丁胺负荷试验,每节段负荷时间维持约2 min,负荷后心率仅达到目标心率的(72±17)%.②以动脉狭窄>50%作为冠心病的判断标准,低负荷-再分布201Tl/静息99Tcm-MIBI同时心肌断层显像法诊断冠心病的灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为93.62%、85.19%和89.11%.③对狭窄动脉检出率由高到低依次为左前降支(LAD)、左回旋支(LCX)、右冠状动脉(RCA),其灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为91.89%、82.81%、86.14%;80.00%、82.72%、82.18%和76.47%、82.14%、81.19%.④74支病变冠状动脉中21支为不可逆性放射性缺损,53支为可逆性放射性再分布.⑤53支可逆性放射性再分布的病变动脉中,8支负荷201Tl显像和静息99Tcm-MIBI显像示放射性稀疏缺损,而再分布或再注射201Tl显像见放射性填充,提示存在"冬眠心肌".结论在较低多巴酚丁胺负荷状态下,负荷-再分布201Tl/静息99Tcm-MIBI同时心肌断层显像法仍是一种有效的诊断冠心病及检出病变冠状动脉的方法.     

冠状动脉肌桥患者核素心肌灌注显像研究

目的 探讨用负荷心肌灌注显像检测冠状动脉(简称冠脉)肌桥心肌缺血的临床价值.方法 96例经冠脉造影证实为左前降支肌桥,不合并冠脉粥样硬化病变,且无心肌梗死病史的住院患者,接受运动或药物负荷心肌灌注显像,并进行1年的随访观察.结果 全部96例肌桥患者,收缩期压迫血管的平均狭窄程度为(65±19)%.负荷心肌灌注显像共发现20例心肌缺血,阳性率为20.8%(20/96),明显高于负荷试验心电图(2.1%).对于肌桥压迫血管呈重度狭窄(≥75%)者,负荷心肌灌注显像发现心肌缺血的比例(50%)明显高于轻中度狭窄组(6.3%,χ2=24.758,P＜0.001);静息心电图表现为ST-T改变的肌桥患者,负荷心肌灌注显像的阳性率明显高于心电图正常组(54.2%和9.7%,χ2=21.558,P＜0.001).随诊期间,负荷心肌灌注显像阳性组中,有1例发生心绞痛;而显像阴性组中,无一例发生心脏事件.结论 压迫血管狭窄严重以及静息心电图异常的肌桥患者,负荷心肌灌注显像发现心肌缺血的比例较高.负荷心肌灌注显像对于检测肌桥所致心肌缺血以及预后判断具有一定的临床应用价值.     

运动试验18F-FDG心肌代谢显像诊断心肌缺血

目的 探讨运动试验同时行^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）心肌代谢和^99Tc^m-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）心肌灌注显像判断心肌缺血的可行性和诊断价值.方法 26例既往无心肌梗死病史的确诊或怀疑冠心病患者,在运动试验高峰或出现终止指标时注射^99Tc^m-MIBI和^18F-FDG,进行心肌灌注和代谢显像,随后进行静息^99Tc^m-MIBI心肌灌注显像以及冠状动脉造影.比较运动^18F-FDG心肌代谢显像和^99Tc^m-MIBI心肌灌注显像及冠状动脉造影结果.结果 22例有1支及其以上冠状动脉狭窄≥50%的患者中,18例出现血流灌注异常,灵敏度为82%,20例患者有明显^18F-FDG摄取,灵敏度为91%,两者比较差异无显著性（x^2=1.497,P=0.338）.静息^99Tc^m-MIBI心肌灌注显像示完全（12例）或部分（3例）可逆性心肌灌注缺损（心肌缺血）的患者同时行运动试验^99Tc^m-MIBI心肌灌注、^18F-FDG心肌代谢显像,表现为血流灌注减低的心肌节段^18F-FDG摄取增加.与冠状动脉造影对比,22例患者共51个病变血管（管腔狭窄≥50%）支配的心肌节段中,运动试验^99Tc^m-MIBI心肌灌注显像发现了25个节段,灵敏度为49%,而运动^18F-FDG心肌代谢显像发现了34个节段,灵敏度为67%（x^2=7.30,P=0.008）.结论 运动试验引起心肌缺血可以进行^18F-FDG心肌代谢显像.且与单纯运动/静息心肌灌注显像比较,同时行运动试验^99Tc^m-MIBI心肌灌注和^18F-FDG心肌代谢显像对诊断局部缺血心肌节段有更高的准确性.     

Comparative localization of myocardial ischemia by exercise electrocardiography and myocardial perfusion SPECT

BACKGROUND: Prior angiographic study has shown that the patterns of ST-segment depression during exercise do not provide localizing information of the responsible coronary lesion. However, little is known regarding the ability of exercise-induced ST-segment displacement to localize myocardial perfusion defects. METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 552 consecutive patients without prior myocardial infarction who had reversible perfusion defect in one vascular territory on rest 201Tl/exercise 99mTc-labeled sestamibi dual-isotope myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and ischemic ST depression or elevation during exercise. Of these, 192 patients had angiographically documented coronary artery disease (CAD). Two hundred thirty-two patients had maximal ST depression in anterior leads, 247 patients had maximal ST depression in inferior leads, and 45 patients had similar maximal ST depression in both anterior and inferior leads. Twenty-eight (5%) patients had ST elevation with absent Q waves. In patients with maximal ST depression in anterior leads, perfusion defects were found in the territory of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in 30%, in the territory of the right coronary artery (RCA) in 52%, and in the territory of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) in 18%. In patients with maximal ST depression in inferior leads, perfusion defects were found in RCA territory in 44%, in the LAD territory in 42%, and in the LCX territory in 14%. Compared with exercise ST depression, the less common finding of ST elevation did provide accurate localization of perfusion defects. When ST elevation was greatest in the anterior leads, 96% of patients had LAD territory defects. When ST elevation was most prominent in the inferior leads, 100% patients had RCA territory defects. Data of coronary angiograms demonstrated that myocardial perfusion SPECT correctly identified the most stenotic coronary disease for LAD (94%), LCX (72%), and RCA (75%). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicate that the site of maximal ST-segment depression does not identify the localization of myocardial perfusion defects. However, the less common finding of exercise-induced ST-segment elevation does predict localization of myocardial ischemia.     

99m Tc-MIBI心肌显像对冠状动脉病变的定位研究

目的：探讨９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ心肌显像在检出冠心病病变心肌节段和病变血管定位上的价值。方法：对照分析２０例冠心病和５例对照组冠状动脉造影与９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩ单光子发射断层显像（ＳＰＥＣＴ）的结果。结果：潘生丁负荷ＳＰＥＣＴ检出冠心病、病变血管和病变心肌节段的敏感性分别为９５．００％、６３．６４％和４３．６８％明显高于静息相的６０．００％、４２．４２％和２７．５９％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。与静息相比较,潘生丁负荷ＳＰＥＣＴ多发现３３．３３％的病变血管和３６．８４％的病变心肌节段。对病变血管的敏感性,ＬＡＤ高于ＲＣＡ和ＬＣＸ;对于病变心肌节段检测敏感性ＲＣＡ支配节段高于ＬＡＤ和ＬＣＸ,特异性均较高。结论：潘生丁ＳＰＥＣＴ能显著提高冠心病的检出,有效估计病变心肌范围和病变冠状动脉     

Validation of a model of left ventricular segmentation for interpretation of SPET myocardial perfusion images.

Several models of left ventricular segmentation have been developed that assume a standard coronary artery distribution, and are currently used for interpretation of single-photon emission tomography (SPET) myocardial perfusion imaging. This approach has the potential for incorrect assignment of myocardial segments to vascular territories, possibly over- or underestimating the number of vessels with significant coronary artery disease (CAD). We therefore sought to validate a 17-segment model of myocardial perfusion by comparing the predefined coronary territory assignment with the actual angiographically derived coronary distribution. We examined 135 patients who underwent both coronary angiography and stress SPET imaging within 30 days. Individualized coronary distribution was determined by review of the coronary angiograms and used to identify the coronary artery supplying each of the 17 myocardial segments of the model. The actual coronary distribution was used to assess the accuracy of the assumed coronary distribution of the model. The sensitivities and specificities of stress SPET for detection of CAD in individual coronary arteries and the classification regarding perceived number of diseased coronary arteries were also compared between the two coronary distributions (actual and assumed). The assumed coronary distribution corresponded to the actual coronary anatomy in all but one segment (#3). The majority of patients (80%) had 14 or more concordant segments. Sensitivities and specificities of stress SPET for detection of CAD in the coronary territories were similar, with the exception of the RCA territory, for which specificity for detection of CAD was better for the angiographically derived coronary artery distribution than for the model. There was 95% agreement between assumed and angiographically derived coronary distributions in classification to single- versus multi-vessel CAD. Reassignment of a single segment (segment #3) from the LCX to the LAD territory further improved the model's fit with the anatomic data. It is concluded that left ventricular segmentation using a model with assumed coronary artery distribution is valid for interpretation of SPET myocardial perfusion imaging.     

Validation of a model of left ventricular segmentation for interpretation of SPET myocardial perfusion images

Several models of left ventricular segmentation have been developed that assume a standard coronary artery distribution, and are currently used for interpretation of single-photon emission tomography (SPET) myocardial perfusion imaging. This approach has the potential for incorrect assignment of myocardial segments to vascular territories, possibly over- or underestimating the number of vessels with significant coronary artery disease (CAD). We therefore sought to validate a 17-segment model of myocardial perfusion by comparing the predefined coronary territory assignment with the actual angiographically derived coronary distribution. We examined 135 patients who underwent both coronary angiography and stress SPET imaging within 30 days. Individualized coronary distribution was determined by review of the coronary angiograms and used to identify the coronary artery supplying each of the 17 myocardial segments of the model. The actual coronary distribution was used to assess the accuracy of the assumed coronary distribution of the model. The sensitivities and specificities of stress SPET for detection of CAD in individual coronary arteries and the classification regarding perceived number of diseased coronary arteries were also compared between the two coronary distributions (actual and assumed). The assumed coronary distribution corresponded to the actual coronary anatomy in all but one segment (#3). The majority of patients (80%) had 14 or more concordant segments. Sensitivities and specificities of stress SPET for detection of CAD in the coronary territories were similar, with the exception of the RCA territory, for which specificity for detection of CAD was better for the angiographically derived coronary artery distribution than for the model. There was 95% agreement between assumed and angiographically derived coronary distributions in classification to single- versus multi-vessel CAD. Reassignment of a single segment (segment #3) from the LCX to the LAD territory further improved the model's fit with the anatomic data. It is concluded that left ventricular segmentation using a model with assumed coronary artery distribution is valid for interpretation of SPET myocardial perfusion imaging.     

Prevalence,location, and extent of significant coronary artery disease in patients with normal myocardial perfusion imaging

Background

False-negative myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) can by due to left main (LM) or three-vessel disease causing “balanced ischemia”. However, so far prevalence of LM or three-vessel-disease in patients with normal MPI is unclear. We assessed prevalence, location, and extent of significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with normal MPI.

Methods

Between 2006 and 2010, 256 patients with normal MPI who had invasive angiography because of persisting or worsening of the same initial symptoms were studied. Significant CAD was defined as stenosis > 70% or LM > 50%.

Results

A total of 93 patients (36%) had significant CAD. Significant CAD was observed more frequently in males, higher age and those with typical angina complaints. Significant LM disease was present in 7%, three-vessel disease in 10%, two-vessel disease in 22%, and single vessel disease (not left main) in 61%. In those with single vessel disease, the location was the LAD in 40%, the RCA in 30%, and the LCX in 30%.

Conclusions

In selected patients with normal MPI, one-third had significant CAD. The majority of these patients had single vessel disease (not left main). LM or three vessel disease, causing “balanced ischemia”, is a less common cause of false-negative MPI.     

Segmental analysis of stress thallium myocardial emission tomography for localization of coronary artery disease

The value of stress thallium 201 myocardial emission computed tomography (ECT) in the assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) was analyzed in 75 patients admitted for coronary arteriography. The ECT provided contiguous transaxial, short-axis, and long-axis sections of the myocardium and the myocardial images were divided into nine segments. The sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of CAD were 95% and 93%, respectively. Using selected segments, the ECT identified 97 of 111 (83%) major vessels involved: 89% for right coronary artery (RCA), 88% for left anterior descending (LAD), and 70% for left circumflex (LCx). Among the 75 cases, 35 underwent stress conventional planar imaging within 3 months. The planar imaging provided high sensitivity (90%) and specificity (100%) for the detection of CAD patients as well, but it showed lower sensitivity (57%, P<0.001) in identifying individual vessels involved: 55% for RCA (P<0.01), 70% for LAD, and 36% for LCx (P<0.05). Stress ECT detected vessel involvement more in two-vessel disease (85%) and three-vessel disease (78%) than the planar imaging (50%: P<0.05 and 44%: P<0.01, respectively). Thus, segmental analysis of stress ECT yielded as high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of CAD as the planar imaging. This can improve sensitivity in identifying individual vessels involved in deep myocardial regions, especially in those with multivessel disease.     

静息心肌灌注显像判断梗塞相关动脉的作用

目的　评价静息心肌显像的缺血缺损部位对于判断梗塞相关动脉 (IRA)的价值。方法对 44例心肌梗死患者进行99Tcm 甲氧基异丁基异腈 (MIBI)静息心肌断层显像和冠状动脉造影(CAG)。结果　CAG提示IRA 44支 ,其中左前降支 (LAD) 2 7支 ,左旋支 (LCX) 9支 ,右冠脉 (RCA) 8支。当IRA是LAD时出现间壁受累 ,IRA是LCX时出现侧壁受累和IRA是RCA时表现下后壁受累的意义较大 (χ2 =8.98和 8.96 ,P均 <0 .0 5 ;χ2 =43.82 ,P <0 .0 0 5 )。前壁、心尖部、间壁和广泛前壁稀疏缺损对于判断IRA LAD的灵敏度较高 ,分别是 89% ,86 % ,80 %和 89% ;特异性以间壁最高 ,达 80 % ;侧壁和后侧壁判断IRA LCX的灵敏度和特异性分别是 75 % ,6 7%和 85 % ,83% ;下后壁病变判断IRA RCA的灵敏度和特异性分别是 71%和 91%。结论　心肌灌注显像对于判断心肌梗死的IRA有一定价值     

99Tcm-MIBI心肌显像检测“罪犯”血管

目的 探讨^99Tc^m-甲氧基异丁基异腈（MIBI）心肌显像在检测“罪犯”血管中的价值。方法 选择冠状动脉造影证实有多支血管病变并成功进行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术（PTCA）等血流重建治疗的冠心病患者46例，PTCA术前进行运动、静息、静脉滴注硝酸甘油介入^99Tc^m-MIBI心肌显像，明确缺血与存活心肌量最多的部位，以对应支配该部位的病变血管确定为“罪犯”血管。以术后疗效为标准，验证其准确性。结果 46例中，冠状动脉造影发现病变血管107支，心肌显像确定“罪犯”血管46支。临床对确定的“罪犯”血管进行相应的血流重建治疗，随访均有良好疗效。结论 运动、静息、静脉滴注硝酸甘油介入^99Tc^m-MIBI心肌显像检测“罪犯”血管准确可靠，实用可行。     

Assessment of regional differences in myocardial blood flow using T2-weighted 3D BOLD imaging.

The feasibility of detecting regional differences in myocardial blood flow based on the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) effect was evaluated in vivo in dogs (N = 9) using a 3D T2-prepared segmented gradient-echo sequence at 1.5 T. Regional differences in myocardial blood flow were created by administering adenosine through a catheter placed in the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX). The difference in the R2 (1/T2) relaxation rate between the left ventricular myocardial region supplied by the LCX and regions supplied by the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) or septal artery during adenosine administration was correlated to the corresponding regional myocardial blood flow difference determined using fluorescent microspheres. A correlation coefficient of 0.80 was found between the MR BOLD measurements and the myocardial flow assessment. Our results show that the sequence used in this study allows fast 3D BOLD imaging of the heart, and is a promising technique for detecting regional myocardial perfusion differences.