154名护理硕士研究生职业悲伤现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解护理硕士研究生职业悲伤现状,并分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,于2022年5—7月选取154名经历过患者死亡事件的护理硕士研究生为研究对象。采用一般资料问卷、医学硕士研究生职业悲伤症状量表、被剥夺的悲伤量表、重症监护室护士职业悲伤支持量表、心理脱离量表、心理韧性量表对护理硕士研究生进行调查。采用多重线性回归分析探讨护理硕士研究生职业悲伤的影响因素。结果 护理硕士研究生的职业悲伤总分为（82.27±17.45）分。多重线性回归分析结果显示,被剥夺的悲伤、对患者死亡的接受度、心理脱离、领导支持进入回归方程（P<0.05）,解释总变异的32.9%。结论 本组护理硕士研究生的职业悲伤处于轻度水平。被剥夺的悲伤、对患者死亡的接受度、心理脱离、领导支持是护理硕士研究生职业悲伤的影响因素。护士长和带教老师应为护理硕士研究生提供充足的时间及空间来表达悲伤,同时研究生的课程可增加职业悲伤相关内容,让护理硕士研究生更好地处理悲伤。     

不同人群悲伤的特点和护理对策

对于工作在肿瘤病房的护理人员 ,悲伤是工作中经常遇到的护理问题。不仅患者会有 ,家属会有 ,甚至医务人员亦会产生此心理症状。但悲伤并未得到护理人员应有的重视。如今随着人们对生命质量要求的提高 ,必须加强对悲伤的护理能力。作者旨在通过对在关文献的总结 ,综合和概括出悲伤的特点 ,并找出对悲伤有效的护理对策 ,以期指导临床实践。1　悲伤的特点迄今为止 ,对于悲伤还没有一个完全统一的定义。 1987年 ,Stroebe定义道 :悲伤是对失落的一种情感反应 ,它可以表现为一系列的心理和生理症状。根据Bowlby所言 :悲伤是失去一个有意义、有价…     

肿瘤专科护士对癌症患者家属悲伤干预的护理实践

结合悲伤的特点,介绍肿瘤专科护士对家属的悲伤进行护理的临床实践和体会,包括家属在患者进入临终阶段、濒死期及居丧期3个阶段的护理。强调了肿瘤专科护士在帮助临终患者家属及丧亲家属顺利渡过正常悲伤期的重要性。     

纽曼健康系统模式指导下的护理干预对老年痴呆主要照顾者悲伤状况的影响

[目的]研究以纽曼健康系统模式为基础的护理干预对老年痴呆主要照顾者悲伤状况的影响。[方法]采用自身对照法对62例老年痴呆主要照顾者进行2个月的护理干预,采用Marwit Meuser照顾者悲伤简表评价照顾者的悲伤程度,比较干预前后照顾者的悲伤程度。[结果]干预后主要照顾者的悲伤简表总评分及各维度评分均低于干预前(P<0.01)。[结论]纽曼健康系统模式指导下的护理干预可降低老年痴呆主要照顾者的悲伤程度。     

与疾病及死亡相关的预期悲伤在不同人群中的研究及护理进展

对国内外不同人群出现与疾病及死亡相关的预期悲伤的研究及护理进行综述,以帮助护理人员更好地为遭遇预期悲伤的人群体提供护理。     

客体关系心理治疗对尿毒症患者护理效果的影响

目的:分析客体关系心理治疗对尿毒症患者预期性悲伤评分、病耻感评分及生活质量评分、护理服务总满意率的影响。方法:选取本院2021年5月至2022年5月行血液透析的80例尿毒症患者,利用随机数字表法进行分组。对照组40例实施常规护理,观察组40例加用客体关系心理治疗。3个月后测定两组患者的预期性悲伤评分、病耻感评分、生活质量评分,统计护理服务总满意率,并进行对比。结果:观察组的护理服务总满意率高于对照组(P<0.05),护理后的预期性悲伤评分、病耻感评分、生活质量评分优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:客体关系心理治疗能够降低预期悲伤以及病耻感,融洽护患关系,值得应用。     

对一位意外死亡大学生家长的心理护理

意外丧生,对死者家庭(丧亲者)是一种突然的精神打击,以致处于极度悲伤中,常伴有胃肠功能紊乱等症状,重者精神崩溃,甚至自寻短见。如何使他们承受住这意外打击和巨大的心理压力,尽快顺利地渡过悲伤期,已成为心理护理所关注的问题。国外已有这方面的研究和报道,此问题也引起国内的重视。我们通过对一位意外死亡大学生家长的心理护理过程,总结了对极度悲伤的心理护理,报告如下。     

对丧失亲友者的护理

对丧失亲友者的护理［英］／Ｙｏｕｌｌ　Ｊ／／ＮｕｒｓＴｉｍｅｓ．－１９９６，９２（１６）．－４０～４２失去亲人、好友，及亲人患不治之症、慢性病痛、丧失机体的某些器官、肢体以及失去生活自理的能力等均可引起悲伤。医务工作者应理解悲伤的实际表现。悲伤及其影...     

病房护士进行的悲伤护理

作者所在病房约７０％为恶性肿瘤患者，需在此度过终末期。面对失去亲人家属难以想象的悲伤，以及针对死者家庭的援助系统很少的现状，他们通过以Ａ护士为主的悲伤护理小组给失去丈夫的Ｓ．Ｓ氏写信的方式，进行了初次悲伤护理的尝试。 定义悲伤护理不是以消除悲伤为目的，而是帮助死者家属一边承担死别难以消除的痛苦，一边还要继续生存。 护理实践患者Ｓ． Ｔ氏， ５５岁， １９９７年３月因前列腺癌行肾造瘘，医治无效于７月２１日死亡。妻Ｓ.Ｓ氏，５４岁，二人无同居子女。Ａ护士是Ｓ．Ｔ氏的责任护士，从入院后不久就与夫妇二人建立信…     

基于移动APP的冥想练习改善肺癌病人预感性悲伤的效果

[目的]探讨基于移动应用程序(APP)的冥想练习对肺癌病人预感性悲伤的干预效果。[方法]将某三级甲等医院肿瘤科收治的50例肺癌化疗病人分为观察组24例和对照组26例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上接受基于移动APP的冥想练习,在干预前、干预后1个月、干预后3个月分别应用中文版预感性悲伤量表及中文版癌症治疗功能评价系统对两组病人的悲伤情绪、生活质量进行评定。[结果]在干预和时间共同作用下,两组病人自我意识、疾病调整、悲伤、愤怒各维度得分及预感性悲伤量表总分比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。干预后两组病人生活质量比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]移动APP冥想干预可有效减轻肺癌病人的悲伤情绪,改善病人的生活质量。     

199名安宁疗护护士职业悲伤现状及影响因素分析

目的 调查安宁疗护护士职业悲伤现状,并分析其影响因素.方法 采用便利抽样法,于2021年7—8月在广州、上海及北京设立安宁疗护病房或开展安宁疗护服务的6所医院、4所社区卫生服务中心和2家养老机构选取199名安宁疗护护士作为研究对象.采用一般资料调查表、修订版悲伤体验量表、护士安宁疗护知识量表、安宁疗护照护态度量表、心理...     

Bereavement care. A role for nurses.

Bereavement care is an important, yet often forgotten, area of care. Evidence suggests that early and prompt interventions for high-risk individuals can facilitate grief and can minimize the adverse consequences of grief. Nurses can play a pivotal role in providing care to bereaved individuals. However, it is essential to have a thorough knowledge of the normal grief response, and a framework for assessment and management. This article provides fundamental information about the manifestations of grief, and offers information about appropriate nursing assessment and management for bereaved individuals.     

Parents' grief at the loss of a premature infant and approaches to their care

The more than 3,000 deaths of premature infants due to low weight in Taiwan cause deep personal grief in their parents, for whom there is no pain greater than losing a child. This loss, nearly always sudden and unexpected, is an issue often ignored by clinic nursing staff. The purpose of this paper was to consider various grief counseling theories in order to help nurses attend to the grief counseling needs of parents who lose a premature infant. Better understanding of parents' grief responses by nursing staffs will help nurses to accept and address such. Grief processes identified include: shock and numbness, searching and yearning, disorientation and reorganization. Grief responses include: feel, physiology and sense organs, cognition and behavior. The four tasks essential to grief recovery include: to accept the reality of the loss, to work through the pain of grief, to adjust to an environment in which the deceased is missing, and to emotionally relocate the deceased and move on with life. Coaching through grief counseling theory puts forward and looks after concrete measures, and provides three suggestions for the parents who lose a premature infant. These can be used as reference by clinical staffs, help promote nursing staff understanding of this topic, help improve care for grieving parents and improve care quality.     

Critical care nurses' experiences of grief in an adult intensive care unit

Title.  Critical care nurses' experiences of grief in an adult intensive care unit.
Aim.  This paper is a report a study of critical care nurses' experiences of grief and their coping mechanisms when a patient dies.
Background.  The goal of patients entering critical care is survival and recovery. However, despite application of advanced technologies and intensive nursing care, many patients do not survive their critical illness. Nurses experience death in their everyday work, exposing them to the emotional and physical repercussions of grief.
Method.  This study adopted a Heideggerian phenomenological approach, interviewing eight critical care nurses. Data collection occurred in 2007/8. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and themes generated through Colaizzi's framework.
Findings.  Participants reported feelings of grief for patients they had cared for. The death of a patient was reported as being less traumatic if the participant had perceived the death to be a 'good death', incorporating expectedness and good nursing care. They described how a patient's death was more significant if it 'struck a chord', or if they had developed 'meaningful engagement' with the patient and relatives. They denied accessing formal support: however, informal conversations with colleagues were described as a means of coping. Participants exhibited signs of normalizing death and described how they disassociated themselves emotionally from dying patients.
Conclusion.  There are many predisposing factors and circumstantial occurrences that shape both the nature of care of the dying and subsequent grief. Repeated exposure to death and grief may lead to occupational stress, and ultimately burn out. Emotional disengagement from caring for the dying may have an impact on the quality of care for both the dying patient and their family.     

Dwelling with stories that haunt us: building a meaningful nursing practice

The purpose of this article is to reflect on pediatric critical care nurses' experience of grief by focusing on the meaning of the stories that haunt them. It is suggested that these stories are the nurses' attempt to find ways to journey through their grief and to live with the mystery of life and death. It is also the task of these stories to throw light on their experiences, a task that is never entirely finished. Dwelling with the stories that haunt them helps to provide nurses with a moral structure of critical care nursing practice. Their reflections upon the meaning of their experiences of grief can lead to a view of death that is not always perceived as an evil to flee, but is upheld as a source of value and revelation as critical care nurses strive to build who they are and how they practice the art of nursing.     

Innovations in bereavement education

Advanced practice nursing students provide care for clients and families in numerous settings where they will encounter end-of-life issues. Thus, graduate nursing education should include information on current trends in thanatology, such as the debate over the proposed complicated grief criteria and the paradigmatic shift toward evidence-based grief theory. In this article, an innovative approach to teaching bereavement content to graduate nursing students during a 3-hour class is presented. The assignments were developed specifically for adult learners with clinical experience. Students' responses to the learning activities and recommendations for modifications of the teaching methods are presented.     

癌症儿童的姑息护理

为提高癌症儿童中晚期的生存质量,结合癌症患儿的生理及心理特点提出姑息护理应给癌症患儿及家属提供综合性服务,其中包括基础护理、症状护理、心理护理、丧亲及情感支持。     

Providing grief counseling to a major depressive elderly widower: a nurse's experience

The death of a spouse is both a major loss and a tremendous life stressor for the partner left behind. Such has been shown to be particularly hard on the elderly. This article describes a nurse's experience caring for an elderly patient suffering from major depression resulting from the death of his wife. While providing nursing care to the client, the author, employing holistic nursing assessment, identified a reciprocal influence between his depressive symptoms and grief reaction. In applying the Inventory of Complicated Grief to ascertain grief reaction intensity to help the client discern between major depressive symptoms and grief reaction, the author found that the client (1) could not accept the loss of his wife, (2) had difficulty adjusting to life after his wife's death, and (3) faced a tense and distant relationship with his son. Such resulted in suicidal ideation and planning and feelings of loneliness, helplessness, hopelessness and incapability, which triggered major depression and a complicated grief reaction. Therefore, the author applied grief counseling to help the client accept the loss of his spouse, communicate his grief, overcome the difficult adjustment to life after his spouse's death, bid farewell to his wife, and establish new relationships. Such counseling gradually helped the client accept the inevitability of death and his wife's passing. To help the client establish new relationships under existing circumstances of negligible external support systems, the author encouraged the client to establish a new relationship with himself and integrate the old-age stage of life cycle naturally into his daily routine. Based on this care experience, we recommend psychiatric nurses assess cautiously the loss experience and grief reaction in elderly widowers under their care in order to provide timely grief counseling intervention to help the client pass quickly through the grieving phase and free him or her from the haze of depression.     

Interconception care for couples after perinatal loss: a comprehensive review of the literature

Perinatal loss can be emotionally devastating for couples who experience miscarriage, fetal or neonatal death. Nurses in a variety of settings can assist couples through their grief by providing emotional support, giving information about the grief process, and in planning for a future pregnancy or deciding to forego future childbearing. This article explicates the relationship between grief and perinatal loss and its effects on couples, specifically in the interconception period, when the initial grief and distress have begun to subside. Interconception care focuses on bridging the couple from the end of the postpartum period to the subsequent pregnancy or decision not to conceive again. Nurses assist couples in distinguishing between uncomplicated grief, complicated grief, and depression, and make appropriate referrals. Openness to expressions of grief, helping couples mobilize support, considering readiness for another pregnancy, and directing couples to useful Internet sites are essential nursing interventions.     

Caso clínico: duelo complicado en atención primaria. Planificación de los cuidados

This is the case of a 61-year-old patient woman that visits her nurse in Primary Health Care to get the control of blood pressure and glycemia. In the last two years has suffered the loss of her husband and of two brothers beside having lived through other vital stressful events that have taken her to a situation of complicated grief. The care plan is realized using the M. Gordon assessment system and standardized languages NANDA, NOC and NIC. The principal aims were the improvement of the depression level and the improvement in the affliction resolution. As suggested interventions were proposed to facilitate the grief and the derivation to a mental health unit. A follow-up of the patient was realized in nursing consultation at Primary health care to weekly intervals, in the beginning, and monthly, later. The evaluation of the care plan reflects an improvement in the criteria of Prigerson's complicated grief; an increase of the recreative activities; the retreat of the mourning that still she was guarding; as well as an improvement in the control of the blood pressure numbers. The attention of nurses before a case of complicated grief turns out to be complex. Nevertheless the suitable accomplishment of certain interventions orientated to facilitating the grief, with a follow-up in consultation, shows the efficiency. The difficulty in the boarding of the psychosocial problems meets increased at the moment of are necessary the nursing diagnostics adapted for every individual case. The work in group between nurses could improves the consensus.