大孔树脂分离纯化大麻果胶中的总黄酮

目的 研究不同型号大孔吸附树脂纯化大麻科植物汉麻果胶中总黄酮的工艺条件及参数.方法 以总黄酮静态饱和吸附量、静态洗脱率为考察指标,对8种大孔吸附树脂的吸附工艺条件进行筛选.结果 D-101树脂具有最佳的吸附及洗脱参数,其最佳工艺为:上样浓度0.6 g生药/ml,以10倍去离子水、10倍70%乙醇依次进行洗脱,流速为2 ...     

大孔树脂纯化艾叶总黄酮的研究

目的研究不同型号大孔树脂纯化艾叶总黄酮的工艺条件及参数。方法以静态饱和吸附量、洗脱量、静态洗脱率为考察指标,比较了5种大孔树脂,以总黄酮的转移率和含量为指标对树脂吸附工艺条件进行了筛选。结果所比较的5种大孔吸附树脂中,AB-8树脂具有最佳的吸附及洗脱参数,其最佳工艺为：上样液浓度为4．42mg·mL^-1,上样液pH值为4．0,用70％乙醇以3mL/min速度洗脱。总黄酮转移率约为82％,其含量约为64％。结论AB-8树脂综合性能较好,适合于艾叶中总黄酮的分离纯化。     

大孔树脂分离治伤灵口服液中芍药苷的研究

目的 研究D101大孔树脂对治伤灵口服液中芍药苷的吸附性能及分离纯化的工艺参数。方法采用HPLC法测定芍药苷含量,通过考察pH值对吸附的影响、吸附容量、洗脱剂选择及其用量等因素对芍药苷分离纯化的影响,确定工艺参数。结果D101大孔树脂对芍药苷的适宜交换吸附条件为pH=4,最大上柱量以芍药苷计为3．661mg·g^-1树脂,水洗除去杂质,洗脱剂为40％乙醇溶液,用量为8个柱体积（BV）。结论D101大孔树脂能提高芍药苷纯度,为芍药苷含量测定提供保证。     

大孔树脂吸附法分离丹酚酸

目的筛选大孔树脂吸附法分离丹酚酸的最佳条件。方法采用动态吸附-解吸方法,用HPLC法测定丹酚酸B的含量对工艺进行评价。结果采用ZTC-1型大孔吸附树脂,上柱量按每毫升树脂吸附7.95mg丹酚酸B计算,以4倍柱体积水洗脱;收集30%乙醇洗脱液,约为6倍柱体积。总丹酚酸得率为7.9%,含丹酚酸B为77.8%。结论该法简单可行,分离效果好,可为工业生产提供参考数据。     

丹参中丹酚酸B纯化工艺研究

摘要：目的对丹参药材中丹酚酸B的提取工艺进行研究，比较两种大孔树脂的吸附能力和洗脱能力。方法以丹酚酸B为考察指标，用反相高效液相色谱法考察了丹参药材在6倍量水时的最佳提取时间以及丹参提取液在两种大孔树脂吸附工艺中的最大吸附量和最佳洗脱条件。结果丹参水煮提取时间以40min时，丹酚酸B含量最大。AB-8型大孔树脂最大吸附量是16．8mg·g^-1，最佳洗脱浓度是50％的乙醇，最佳洗脱体积是4BV；1400型树脂的最大吸附量是17．2mg·g^-1，最佳洗脱浓度是60％的乙醇，最佳洗脱体积是5BV。结论利用大孔树脂精制丹参水溶性成分，在有效地保留丹酚酸B等有效成分的同时，可有效减少丹参提取物中非酚酸类及杂质的含量，有利于提高制剂载药量。为丹参水溶性成分新制剂的工业化生产应用确定基础。     

大孔吸附树脂分离纯化鲜地黄叶中梓醇的初步研究

目的：选择合适的大孔吸附树脂对鲜地黄叶中梓醇进行富集纯化。方法：以高效液相为检测手段,梓醇含量为检测指标。采用吸附和解吸试验考察了12种大孔吸附树脂对梓醇的吸附解吸性能,筛选出H103树脂进行了分离纯化研究。结果：H103树脂对梓醇具有很好的吸附解吸性能,其纯化条件为上样液浓度1mg/ml,上样体积2BV,上样吸附速度1～2BV/h,洗脱速度1～3BV/h,10%乙醇洗脱8BV。结论：采用H103树脂分离纯化鲜地黄叶中梓醇,可简化步骤,降低成本,方法简单可行。     

夏天无总碱的精制工艺研究

目的研究以阳离子交换树脂精制夏天无中总生物碱的方法及其工艺条件。方法采用紫外分光光度法测定夏天无总碱含量,高效液相色谱法测定原阿片碱,延胡索乙素含量。采用732型阳离子交换树脂精制夏天无中总生物碱,考察工艺和参数条件。结果阳离子树脂对夏天无总碱的最大吸附量为31.33 mg/g。上样浓度：1 g/ml。上样流速：1 ml/min,洗脱方法：先用蒸馏水除杂,经氨水碱化后,再用3 BV 80%乙醇洗脱,洗脱率为89.5%,得到的总生物碱含量为62.4%。再经酸碱沉淀纯化后的夏天无总生物碱的含量大于70%。结论阳离子交换树脂对夏天无总生物碱的吸附能力较好,可用于夏天无总生物碱的提取精制。     

蕨麻苷对照品的分离制备

目的 从蕨麻中分离纯化高纯度蕨麻苷.方法 蕨麻提取物经大孔树脂处理后,结合硅胶柱、ODS柱色谱,分离得到化合物单体一蕨麻苷.结果 该工艺方法分离的蕨麻苷纯度为98.6%.结论 该方法简单易行,为制备高纯度的蕨麻苷对照品提供了一种经济、可行的方法.     

HPLC法同时测定归芪消白胶囊中二苯乙烯苷和丹皮酚的含量

目的建立归芪消白胶囊中二苯乙烯苷和丹皮酚的含量测定方法。方法采用Kromasil C₁₈色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,以乙腈-水为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长:320 nm,流速:1.0 ml·min^-1,柱温:35℃,进样量:10μl。结果二苯乙烯苷和丹皮酚在5.0²00.0μg·ml^-1范围内与峰面积均呈良好线性关系,二苯乙烯苷和丹皮酚的平均回收率分别为97.1%、96.2%,RSD均为3.4%。结论本方法简便、快捷,可作为归芪消白胶囊的质量控制方法。     

不同型号大孔树脂对分蘖葱头总黄酮吸附的研究

目的 研究不同型号大孔吸附树脂分离纯化分蘖葱头总黄酮的工艺条件和参数，优选分离纯化分蘖葱头总黄酮的大孔吸附树脂。方法 比较了9种大孔树脂对分蘖葱头总黄酮的吸附性能，以分蘖葱头中的代表成分槲皮素为考察指标，对大孔树脂纯化分蘖葱头的工艺进行筛选。结果 AB-8树脂对分蘖葱头总黄酮的吸附性能最好，达到静态交换容量为36．05mg·g^-1干树脂，吸附率为97．29％，动态吸附量为5．07mg·g^-1干树脂，吸附率为83．3％，解吸率为76．9％。结论 AB-8树脂吸附分蘖葱头总黄酮的纯化方法可取，具有良好的应用前景。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

人体中的镭-226、镭-228、钋-210、铅-210

本文报道了广东阳江高本底地区6名、对照地区8名人尸体的骨²²⁶Ra、²²⁶Ra的浓度以及部分居民内脏器官中。²¹⁰Po、²¹⁰Pb的浓度。结果轰明阳江高本底地区和对照地区居民骨镭-226、镭-228的浓度分别为29.9pCi/kg, 26.9pCi/kgl 8.7pCi/kg, 8.2pCi/kg.由此估算出阳江高本底地区屠民骨中²²⁶Ra、²²⁸Ra的负薄璧及对骨衬、骨髓所产生的剂量当量分别为对照地区民民的3.4倍, 3.3倍。两地区居民内脏器官中^{210Po、210Pb的测定分析铡数较少但仍看出, 高本底地区均明显高于对照地区.}     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).