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1.
影响剖宫产率与剖宫产指征的因素分析   总被引:92,自引:0,他引:92  
目的:剖析近年来剖宫产率居高不下的主要影响因素,为制定降低剖宫产率的具体措施提供资料。方法:对1989年至2001年间吉林大学第二医院产科住院产妇的足月分娩病例进行回顾性分析。结果:①剖宫产率呈逐年上升趋势,而产钳率呈逐年下降趋势;②剖宫产占难产分娩的比例逐年增高,同期产钳助产占难产分娩的比例逐年下降;③2000年以前居于前四位的剖宫产手术指征是:相对头盆不称、胎儿窘迫、臀位、胎膜早破;1999年起珍贵儿指征已出现,2000年及2001年已跃居第二位;④2000年与2001年脐带绕颈作为剖宫产指征居于第五位和第六位;⑤因单因素指征行剖宫产的比例逐年增加,而因多因素指征行剖宫产的比例逐年下降。结论:现今,剖宫产手术指征已远远超过单纯医学指征的范围,来自孕产妇及医生的主观意愿影响着对分娩方式的合理选择。  相似文献   

2.
5年剖宫产指征变化分析   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
目的:剖析近五年来剖宫产率上升的原因及其影响因素,探讨降低剖宫产率的对策.方法:对我院2002~2006年剖宫产率及剖宫产指征变化进行回顾性分析.结果:剖宫产率呈逐年上升趋势,而阴道助产率呈逐年下降趋势;在剖宫产指征中,社会因素、妊娠合并症及并发症、羊水过少剖宫产率上升,而胎儿窘迫、产程异常剖宫产率下降;在各年度手术指征的顺位中,社会因素始终居前3位,且逐年上升至第1位.结论:近年来,剖宫产率上升的主要原因为社会因素.  相似文献   

3.
目的探讨剖宫产率及剖宫产指征的变化和对围产儿死亡率的影响,寻找降低剖宫产率的方法。方法回顾性总结北京市延庆县医院2008年1月至2012年12月住院分娩的病历资料,分析剖宫产率及剖宫产指征变化的各项相关数据和围产儿死亡率的关系。结果 1剖宫产率逐年下降[2012年剖宫产率(39.03%)与2008年(53.94%)相比,P0.05];2剖宫产指征中以社会因素为指征的剖宫产率通过医护人员的努力得到了有效的控制而下降,随着剖宫产率的下降,产程异常为指征的剖宫产比例增加;3围产儿死亡率趋于稳定,并未随着剖宫产率的下降而升高,2012年围产儿死亡率(3.17‰)与2008年(2.93‰)相比,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.04,P0.05)。结论提高助产技术及加强孕期宣教,可进一步降低剖宫产率。  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨我院2001年—2010年影响分娩方式的相关因素,分析剖宫产率上升的原因,探讨干预对策。方法:对我院2001—2010年剖宫产病例和正常分娩病例进行回顾性分析.结果:10年在我院分娩产妇总数为8238例,剖宫产数为5736例,剖宫产率最高为73.44%,最低为59.18%,平均为69.62%,在剖宫产中无手术指征比例高达48.02%。结论:剖宫产率逐年上升已成为产科界较为关注的问题,剖宫产中社会因素呈迅速上升趋势,应加强围产期保健,采取相应的干预措施,正确处理难产,严格掌握剖宫产指征降低剖宫产率。  相似文献   

5.
目的 探讨采取综合干预措施促进阴道分娩、降低剖宫产率、提高产科质量的有效方法。方法 逐步实施并改进综合干预措施,观察分析2010年1月至2014年12月在石家庄市第四医院保健与分娩患者的临床资料。结果 5年间,平均剖宫产率为34.48%,剖宫产率由2010年的38%下降为2014年的31.99%,剖宫产率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。剖宫产手术指征构成比发生了明显变化,社会因素逐年下降,由2010年的第1位逐年下降为2014年的第6位;瘢痕子宫由第2位升为第1位。采取综合干预措施降低剖宫产率并没有影响产科质量,5年间孕产妇死亡率为0,产后出血率为0.78%,平均助产率为5.30%,新生儿窒息率为0.43%。结论 采取综合干预措施可有效降低剖宫产率,尤其在控制社会因素剖宫产方面效果显著,值得向广大基层助产机构推广。  相似文献   

6.
目的:分析江苏省扬州市妇幼保健院2009年1月—2012年12月剖宫产率及剖宫产指征构成比及其变化情况,探讨降低剖宫产率的有效方法。方法:成立高危妊娠评估专家组,每例剖宫产者均需由专家组审批、核查;坚持每周一次例会制度,回顾性分析每周的剖宫产指征;正确对待经济利益,增加分娩镇痛项目及其他服务。结果:4年间不同剖宫产指征构成比及顺位有所改变,其中社会因素从2009年的第2位降至2012年的第9位;剖宫产率逐年下降,从68.0%降至46.5%。结论:剖宫产率过高是多因素共同作用的结果,通过采取科学、综合、集体管理和行政干预等方法能有效降低剖宫产率。  相似文献   

7.
目的:总结分析近5年来剖宫产率及指征的变化,探讨合理应用剖宫产术,降低剖宫产率的措施。方法:对我院2006年8月—2011年8月收治的2658例剖宫产病例进行回顾性分析。结果:2006年—2011年5年间剖宫产率逐年下降;剖宫产影响因素发生变化。结论:胎儿因素、母体因素和社会因素决定剖宫产手术。正确应用剖宫产术,减少社会因素影响是降低剖宫产术的重要环节。本文分析近5年我院剖宫产的构成比变化,探讨科学掌握、合理应用剖宫产指征,寻求进一步降低剖宫产的有效措施。  相似文献   

8.
四川省非医学指征剖宫产现状分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的:分析四川省非医学指征剖宫产现状及影响因素,寻求降低剖宫产率的对策。方法:随机抽取全省5个市进行调查,每个市随机抽取2个市级、2个县级、2个乡级助产服务机构进行数据收集,每个机构收集100份剖宫产病例,共对2824份有效问卷的剖宫产手术指征及影响因素进行分析。结果:非医学指征剖宫产占剖宫产总数的46.03%;不能忍受自然分娩疼痛、认为剖宫产安全、对自然分娩感到恐惧是选择剖宫产的主要原因;低龄、初产妇、无妊娠并发症、入院至分娩时间≥24小时组非医学指征剖宫产率高(P<0.01),脑力劳动组非医学指征剖宫产率高于体力劳动组(P<0.05)。结论:非医学指征剖宫产增加是近年来剖宫产率升高的主要原因。加强自然分娩的健康教育、推广应用分娩镇痛技术和处置难产技术以及政策支持是降低剖宫产率的有效措施。  相似文献   

9.
目的:分析2006~2010年剖宫产率的变化。探讨降低剖宫产率的措施。方法:对2006~2010年间2181例剖宫产率及剖宫产指征变化进行回顾性分析。结果:剖宫产率逐年上升,在剖宫产中指征难产因素始终位居第一,社会因素逐年上升。结论:剖宫产率升高是多方面因素造成的,其中社会因素是主要因素之一。  相似文献   

10.
21年初产妇剖宫产率及适应证的变化分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 从初产妇剖宫产率和适应证的变化中,探讨剖宫产率升高的原因。方法 抽样选择1984-2004年21年初产妇剖宫产病例671例,比较及分析其剖宫产率及适应证的变化。结果 ①剖宫产率呈逐年上升趋势,而产钳率呈逐年下降趋势;②剖宫产占难产分娩的比例逐年增高,同期产钳助产占难产分娩的比例逐年下降;③2000年以前居于前4位的剖宫产手术指征是:相对头盆不称、胎儿窘迫、胎位异常、胎膜早破;1999年起珍贵儿指征已出现,2004年已跃居第2位;④新生儿出生体重的增加和产妇年龄的增大也是影响初产妇剖宫产率增高的原因。结论 初产妇增多并不是引起剖宫产率增高的主要原因。应加强孕产期保健,鼓励产妇阴道分娩,严格掌握剖宫产指征。  相似文献   

11.
10年间剖宫产率及指征变化与围生儿死亡率的关系   总被引:87,自引:0,他引:87  
目的:探讨剖宫产率及剖宫产指征变迁对围生儿死亡率的影响。方法:对10年间剖宫产病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果:1992-1996年剖宫产率为36.50%,显著低于1997-2001年的47.78%,两者比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。在剖宫产指征中,妊娠并发(合并)症始终处于第1位,社会因素上升为第2位,难产为第3位,胎儿窘迫为第4位。围生儿死亡率1992-1996年为17.88‰,1997-2001年为22.23‰,两者比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:剖宫产率升高在一定范围内降低了围生儿死亡率,但随着剖宫产率的进一步升高,围生儿死亡率并未随之下降。因此,应合理掌握剖宫产指征,降低剖宫产率。  相似文献   

12.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of cesarean sections (CSs) and women's reasons for requesting the procedure in a developing country. METHOD: Pregnant women scheduled for elective CS were interviewed to determine whether the procedure was requested by them or suggested by a physician. The women who personally requested a CS filled out questionnaires before surgery and at the postnatal visit 6 weeks later, and their answers were analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of CS on request was 4.4%. Previous infertility and advanced maternal age at first pregnancy were the most common reasons for requesting a CS, but most women said they would prefer a vaginal delivery in subsequent pregnancies. CONCLUSION: The women who requested a CS in this study did so for reasons different from those put forth by women in developed countries. The view that a CS is the surest way toward a live birth was the critical factor underlying their choice.  相似文献   

13.
改良筋膜横切口保留腹壁浅静脉的临床意义   总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23  
目的探讨改良筋膜横切口保留腹壁浅静脉的临床意义。方法对42例剖宫产患者采用改良筋膜横切口,术中保留一侧腹壁浅静脉,而对侧静脉横断,进行同体对照比较,术后3天用远红外线计算机化热成像(CET)仪对切口进行测温分析,术后40天用游标卡尺对瘢痕厚度进行测量分析。结果(1)切断血管侧温度为(36.7±0.51)℃;保留血管侧为(35.8±0.81)℃。切口双侧术后温度差为(0.098±0.088)℃,两者比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。切断血管处局部在CET显示屏上呈相对热区改变。(2)术后40天测切口双侧瘢痕厚度,切断血管侧为(3.61±0.61)mm,保管血管侧为(3.10±0.68)mm,两者差为(0.546±0.1)mm,两者比较,差异有极显著性(P<0.01)。结论改良筋膜横切口保留腹壁浅层血管可有效地减轻局部炎性反应,并减轻瘢痕形成。  相似文献   

14.
3475例剖宫产指征分析   总被引:85,自引:0,他引:85  
目的 探讨1997年初至1998年末剖宫产指征的掌握情况。方法 对3475例剖宫产病例进行回顾性分析。结果 剖宫产率为45.2%。主要指征依次为:妊娠并发症(36.6%)、胎儿窘迫(22.6%)、妊娠合并症(13.5%)、巨大儿(10.2%)、珍贵儿(9.8%)、臀位(9.8%)、高龄初产(9.1%),其中巨大儿的诊断符合率62.3%、56%(13.5%)、巨大儿(10.2%)、珍贵儿(9.8%)  相似文献   

15.
膀胱腹膜界线测量在膀胱翻转法剖宫产中的应用   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
目的 为腹膜外剖宫产提供基础研究数据,并为推广膀胱翻转法剖宫产提供临床应用资料。方法 测量107 例剖宫产孕妇膀胱顶与反折腹膜缘的位置和体表投影。结果 膀胱顶至脐和至耻骨联合上缘中点间距分别为(14 .1 ±3 .4)cm 和(6 .8 ±1 .4)cm ; 反折腹膜缘至脐和至耻骨联合上缘中点间距分别为(15 .8 ±3 .9)cm 和(4 .9 ±1 .5)cm 。妊娠晚期膀胱顶的体表投影位于脐耻连线的中下1/3 处,子宫膀胱反折腹膜缘体表投影位于脐耻连线的上3/4 与下1/4 交界处。膀胱翻转法腹膜外剖宫产从皮肤切开至胎儿娩出时间为(14 .6 ±6 .3) 分钟,手术时间为(45 .5 ±9 .3) 分钟,娩出最大胎儿5 050g ,无一例膀胱损伤。结论 膀胱腹膜界线体表投影的确定,可明显缩短手术时间;膀胱翻转法是腹膜外剖宫产减少副损伤的一种较理想的方法。  相似文献   

16.

Study Objective

Cesarean section scar diverticulum (CSD) lead to many long-term complications. CSD is more prevalent in patients with a retroflexed uterus than in those with an anteflexed uterus. Therefore, we wanted to estimate the association between flexion of the uterus and the outcome of treatment for CSD treated by vaginal repair.

Design

Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting

University hospital.

Patients

A total of 241 women with a CSD were enrolled at the Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital between May 2014 and Oct 2016.

Interventions

Vaginal excision and suture of CSD.

Measurement and Main Results

A high failure rate was reported in remodeling of the scar by other surgeries in women with retroflexed uteri. Clinical information was obtained from medical records. Because intermenstrual bleeding was a presenting symptom of CSD, duration of menstruation was compared between groups. Patients were required to be followed at 1, 3, and 6 months to record their menstruation situation and to measure the CSD. The thickness of the residual myometrium (TRM) in the retroflexion group was much thinner than that in the anteflexion group before treatment (2.5 ± 1.2 mm vs 2.9 ± 1.1 mm, p < .05). There was no statistical difference in pretreatment menstruation duration between groups (p > .05). The duration of menstruation in the anteflexion group was 8.2 ± 2.1 days and 8.5 ± 2.1 days and in the retroflexion group was 7.6 ± 2.0 days and 7.7 ± 3.1 days at 3 and 6 months after surgery, respectively (p < .05). In all 58.6% of patients (140/239) who had a retroflexed uterus, 60.0% (84/140) reached ≤7 days of menstruation at 6 months after surgery (p < .05). Although about 40% patients still had CSD after repair, menstruation duration and TRM were improved significantly (p < .05).

Conclusion

We propose that vaginal repair can relieve symptoms and improve TRM for CSD patients, especially for those who have a retroflexed uterus. However, 40% of patients still had a defect postoperatively.  相似文献   

17.
ObjectiveCurrently, there is paucity of data on the rate of vaginal deliveries and cesarean section among women in Tibet. In this study, we carried out an observational study of 7365 consecutive pregnant women in Lhasa, Tibet who gave birth at our tertiary care institution between 2012 and 2015.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective study, we reviewed the hospital records for demographic data, obstetric history, and the number of vaginal and emergency cesarean section deliveries. The overall and annual rate of vaginal and cesarean section deliveries was calculated. Causes, indications or risks for cesarean section were also analyzed.ResultsDuring the review period, 7365 neonates were delivered at our hospital, including 1690 (23.0%) deliveries via cesarean section. The yearly rate of cesarean section progressively declined from 26.7% in 2012 to 18% in 2015 (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the annual rate of emergency cesarean section declined 53.9%between 2012 and 2015(P < 0.001). Fetal risk factors (39.9%) and maternal risk factors (40.3%) were the major causes of cesarean section in the women. Social factors as a cause of cesarean section fluctuated between 7.9% and 11.1%.ConclusionThis study has demonstrated a steady decline in the annual rate of cesarean section in women in Tibet between 2012 and 2015. A decrease in the rate of emergency cesarean section contributed substantially to this decline. Moreover, approximately 10% caesarian sections were performed without clear indications, highlighting the need for strengthening prenatal counseling for pregnant women in Tibet.  相似文献   

18.

Purpose

Most women with one previous cesarean section (CS) are suitable for either a vaginal birth after CS (VBAC) or an elective repeat CS. Previously, nurse-led prenatal education and support groups have failed to have an impact on the mode of delivery, which women opted for after one CS. A novel one-stop obstetrician-led cesarean education and antenatal sessions (OCEANS) has been developed to inform and empower women in their decision-making following one previous CS. The objective of our study was to evaluate how OCEANS influences the mode of delivery for women who have previously had one CS.

Study Design

Two-hundred and sixty-six women who had a single previous lower segment CS were invited to attend OCEANS, which is a 1-h discussion group of women between 5 and 15 in number, facilitated by an experienced obstetrician. Data were collected prospectively on women who were invited to attend OCEANS over a 12-month period commencing on the 1st January 2012.

Results

188 (71 %) attended the group, while 20 (8 %) canceled their appointment and 58 (22 %) did not keep their appointment. Those who attended OCEANS were 38 % more likely to opt for a VBAC than those who did not attend. There was no difference in the rates of successful vaginal delivery between women who attended OCEANS and those who did not (56 vs. 61 %, p = 0.55).

Conclusions

While nurse-led prenatal education and support groups have no impact on mode of delivery after one CS, a dedicated obstetrician-led clinic increases the rate of those opting for VBAC by 38 %. Such clinics may be a useful tool helping in empowering women in their decision-making and reduce the rate of CSs.  相似文献   

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