苦参碱促进三苯氧胺诱导乳腺癌Bcap-37细胞凋亡的机制研究

[目的]研究三苯氧胺(TAM)联合低剂量苦参碱对人乳腺癌Bcap-37细胞的增殖抑制及作用机制.[方法]用MTT法检测各组细胞的抑制率,克隆形成实验检测对细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,Western blot法检测p53、Bax、Bcl-2蛋白表达.[结果]TAM对Bcap-37细胞增殖具有明显抑制作用,且具有剂量和时间依赖性,与低剂量苦参碱联合,其抑制作用明显增强.药物作用24、48、72h后,与对照组相比,TAM组的凋亡率均明显增高(P＜0.01);与TAM组相比,联合组的凋亡率均明显增高(P＜0.01).Western blot检测发现,与对照组相比,TAM组p53、Bax蛋白表达增加,Bcl-2蛋白表达降低;与TAM组相比,联合组p53、Bax蛋白表达增加,Bcl-2蛋白表达降低.[结论]低剂量苦参碱能促进TAM对Bcap-37细胞增殖抑制作用,其作用机制与增加p53、Bax蛋白表达,降低Bcl-2蛋白表达,促进细胞凋亡有关.     

苦参碱在调节Bax和Bcl-2蛋白表达诱导Hep G2细胞凋亡中的作用

目的：探讨Bax和Bcl-2蛋白在苦参碱诱导Hep G2细胞凋亡中的作用。方法：采用MTT法和细胞凋亡ELISA试剂盒检测细胞活力和凋亡；用蛋白印迹试验（Western blotting）检测细胞内Bax，Bcl-2，Caspase-9和Caspase-3蛋白的表达情况。结果：苦参碱诱导Hep G2细胞凋亡，呈时间和剂量依赖性。苦参碱随时间进行性降低Bcl-2蛋白的表达，相应地稳步提高Bax蛋白的表达。而且苦参碱还促进Bax从胞浆内向线粒体移位，紧接着降解Caspase-3，-9蛋白。结论：苦参碱通过调节细胞内Bax和Bcl-2蛋白的表达经线粒体信号转导途径诱导HepG2细胞的凋亡。     

苦参碱对小鼠H22肝癌细胞凋亡作用的实验研究

目的：研究中药苦参碱在体内外对小鼠H22肝癌细胞的诱导凋亡作用，探讨其可能的抗肿瘤作用机制。方法：Annexin V-FITC／PI双标记法检测苦参碱对H22细胞的早期促凋亡作用；免疫组织化学法检测苦参碱作用后H22细胞内Bcl-2、Bax两种凋亡相关蛋白的表达。建立H22肝癌移植瘤小鼠模型，观察苦参碱对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长情况的影响及肿瘤抑制率；电镜观察荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织的超微结构改变；免疫组化方法检测小鼠肿瘤组织内Bcl-2、Bax的表达情况。结果：AnnexinV法检测到1．0mg／mL和1．5mg／mL苦参碱作用48h后H22细胞有早期凋亡改变，凋亡细胞百分率分别为11．71％和17．86％，与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。苦参碱对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的抑制率达60％以上；免疫组化显示，苦参碱作用后H22细胞内及小鼠肿瘤组织内Bcl-2蛋白的表达水平下降，Bax蛋白表达增强。电镜证实苦参碱治疗后荷瘤小鼠肿瘤组织内有凋亡细胞和凋亡小体的存在。结论：苦参碱在体内体外都对小鼠H22肝癌细胞表现出较强的抗肿瘤作用和诱导凋亡作用。促凋亡作用与其上调细胞内Bax表达，抑制Bcl-2表达有关。     

重楼皂苷Ⅰ通过PI3K/Akt途径诱导胰腺癌PANC-1细胞凋亡的研究

[目的]评价重楼皂甙I对胰腺癌PANC-1细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。[方法]以体外培养的胰腺癌PANC-1细胞为研究对象。MTr法检测重楼皂甙I对PANC．1细胞增殖的抑制作用,Annexin．V—FITC／PI双染法检测细胞凋亡,WesternBlot法检测P13K、Akt、pAkt、Bax、Bcl-2、caspase-3蛋白表达改变。[结果]不同浓度重楼皂甙I能有效抑制PANC-1细胞的增殖,且呈时间浓度依赖性（P〈0．01）。低、中、高浓度重楼皂甙I作用PANC-1细胞24、d8h后,细胞凋亡率明显增加,与对照组相比,具有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。2μg／ml重楼皂甙I作用PANC．1细胞48h后,P13K、pAkt、Bcl．2蛋白表达降低．caspase-3、Bax蛋白表达增加,与对照组相比,具有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。[结论]重楼皂甙I能抑制胰腺癌PANC．1细胞的体外增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,机制可能与降低P13K、pAkt、Bcl-2蛋白表达,增加Bax及caspase-3蛋白表达有关。     

人参皂苷Rg3抑制肺癌NCI-H1650细胞增殖作用研究

[目的]研究人参皂苷Rg3对肺腺癌NCI-H 1650细胞增殖的抑制作用及对凋亡的影响.[方法]MTT法检测人参皂苷Rg3对NCI-H 1650细胞增殖的抑制作用,Annexin-V-FITC/PI法检测细胞凋亡.Western blot法检测caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax、survivin蛋白表达的情况.[结果]不同浓度人参皂苷Rg3能有效抑制NCI-H1650细胞增殖,且呈时间剂量依赖性(P＜0.01).20μmol/L人参皂苷作用NCI-H1650细胞24、48h,细胞凋亡率明显增加,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).20μmol/L人参皂苷作用NCI-H1650细胞48h,Bcl-2、survivin蛋白表达降低、caspase-3、Bax蛋白表达增加,与对照组相比,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).[结论]人参皂苷Rg3对肺腺癌NCI-H1650细胞增殖具有明显的抑制作用,呈时间剂量依赖关系,其机制可能与降低细胞Bcl-2、survivin蛋白表达,增加caspase-3、Bax蛋白表达,促进细胞凋亡有关.     

槐耳清膏体外诱导人肝癌细胞MHCC97H凋亡

[目的]研究槐耳清膏对人肝癌细胞MHCC97H凋亡的作用及其机制。[方法]不同浓度槐耳清膏及5-Fu分别与人肝癌细胞MHCC97H共同培养,采用CCK-8法、FCM及荧光显微镜检测细胞增殖与凋亡变化,细胞免疫组化检测Bax、Bcl-2及p53基因的表达。[结果]槐耳清膏在体外可抑制MHCC97H细胞的增殖,诱导MHCC97H细胞产生早期凋亡,且作用具有剂量和时间依赖性。荧光显微镜下细胞呈典型的早期凋亡形态学改变。细胞免疫组化可见Bax及p53蛋白表达增强,而Bcl-2蛋白表达减少。[结论]槐耳清膏能明显诱导人肝癌细胞MHCC97H凋亡,其机制可能与改变凋亡相关基因Bax、Bcl-2、p53的表达有关。     

集缩素NCAPG表达对甲状腺癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及可能机制

目的:探讨集缩素NCAPG表达与甲状腺癌B-CPAP细胞增殖和凋亡的关系及可能的调控机制。方法:利用siRNA-NCAPG下调B-CPAP细胞NCAPG的表达，分别采用qRT-PCR、Western blot法检测转染组与对照组的NCAPG基因及蛋白表达量。CCK-8法检测各组细胞的增殖能力，观察NCAPG对细胞增殖的影响。为探讨NCAPG对B-CPAP细胞凋亡的影响，利用流式细胞术检测各组细胞Annexin V／PI双染情况，利用Western blot法检测各组细胞的凋亡相关蛋白Caspase-3、Bax和Bcl-2表达。结果:转染siRNA-NCAPG的B-CPAP细胞成功下调NCAPG的基因及蛋白表达。NCAPG表达下降抑制B-CPAP细胞的增殖。流式细胞术结果显示，下调NCAPG表达可诱导B-CPAP细胞凋亡。Western blot结果表明，下调NCAPG表达促进B-CPAP细胞Caspase-3和Bax的表达，抑制Bcl-2的表达。结论:甲状腺癌细胞B-CPAP中NCAPG促进细胞增殖，抑制其表达后可通过调节线粒体通路诱导细胞凋亡。     

mPGES-1抑制剂MK886对白血病HL-60细胞的增殖抑制作用

目的:观察膜结合型前列腺素E2合酶1(mPGES-1)抑制剂MK886对急性髓细胞白血病细胞株HL-60的增殖抑制作用。方法:不同浓度的MK886作用于HL-60细胞不同时间后,CCK-8测定其对HL-60细胞的增殖抑制率,流式细胞术检测HL-60细胞的凋亡情况,Western blot法检测mPGES-1、Bax、Bcl-2蛋白的表达,ELISA法检测PGE2。结果:HL-60细胞株高表达mPGES-1。MK886可时间、剂量依赖性地抑制HL-60细胞mPGES-1表达和PGE2合成,同时细胞增殖受到抑制,凋亡增加,Bax蛋白表达上调,Bcl-2表达下降。结论:MK886可抑制HL-60细胞增殖,诱导凋亡,其机制与下调mPGES-1表达、抑制PGE2合成和调控Bcl-2/Bax等有关。     

人参皂苷Compound K对慢性粒细胞白血病K562细胞系凋亡诱导作用及其机制的研究

[目的]探讨人参皂苷CompoundK（CK）对慢性粒细胞白血病K562细胞凋亡的诱导作用及其机制。[方法]应用MTT法检测CK对K562细胞增殖的影响,用流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡情况,半定量RT—PCR检测Caspase3、Caspase9、Bcl-2和Bax的mRNA表达水平,WesternBlot检测Caspase3、Caspase9、Bcl-2和Bax蛋白质的表达。[结果]人参皂苷CK能诱导K562细胞的凋亡,细胞凋亡率呈浓度依赖性增加。RT—PCR结果显示Caspase3、Caspase9mRNA的表达上调,Bcl-2mRNA的表达下调,WesternBlot实验显示蛋白质表达情况与RT—PCR结果-致,Caspase3、Caspase9蛋白质的表达上调,Bcl-2的表达下调。[结论]人参皂苷CK诱导K562细胞凋亡作用的机制可能是CK抑制Bcl-2基因的表达,进而使Caspase3、Caspase9表达量上调,启动凋亡途径,引起凋亡。     

维泰醇对小鼠宫颈癌U14细胞抗肿瘤作用的研究

目的:研究维泰醇对宫颈癌U14细胞的抑制增殖与诱导凋亡作用,以探讨维泰醇的抗肿瘤作用机制。方法:采用MTT法检测维泰醇对宫颈癌U14细胞增殖抑制率的影响;采用AO/EB双染色法观察细胞凋亡形态并计算其凋亡率;免疫细胞化学法检测U14细胞内Bcl-2,Bax、Survivin蛋白表达水平。结果:维泰醇对U14细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用,呈剂量及时间依赖性;维泰醇能引起细胞凋亡,并出现典型的凋亡形态。维泰醇下调U14细胞内Bcl-2、Survivin蛋白表达水平,上调Bax蛋白表达水平。结论:维泰醇可抑制宫颈癌U14细胞增殖并诱导细胞凋亡;维泰醇抗宫颈癌的作用机制可能与其下调Bcl-2、Survivin蛋白的表达及上调Bax蛋白的表达有关。     

Parthenolide-Induced Apoptosis,Autophagy and Suppression of Proliferation in HepG2 Cells

Purpose: To investigate the anticancer effects and underlying mechanisms of parthenolide on HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Materials and Methods: Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay and cell apoptosis through DAPI, TUNEL staining and Western blotting. Monodansylcadaverin(MDC) and AO staining were used to detect cell autophagy. Cell proliferation was assessed by Ki67 immunofluorescence staining. Results: Parthenolide induced growth inhibition in HepG2 cells. DAPI and TUNEL staining showed that parthenolidecould increase the number of apoptotic nuclei, while reducing the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and elevating the expression of related proteins, like p53, Bax, cleaved caspase9 and cleaved caspase3. Parthenolide could induce autophagy in HepG2 cells and inhibited the expression of proliferation-related gene, Ki-67. Conclusions: Parthenolide can exert anti-cancer effects by inducing cell apoptosis, activating autophagy and inhibiting cell proliferation.     

Apoptosis induced by cryo-injury in human colorectal cancer cells is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction

Cryotherapy, a method of in situ ablation, is used in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases with variable results. During the treatment, the central area of treated tumor undergoes necrotic destruction by lethal cryo-injury; however, the cellular response of tumor exposed to sublethal cryo-injury at the peripheral zone is unclear. In our study, we have identified the induction of apoptosis by cryo-injury at -10 degrees C in 4 colorectal cancer cell lines (HT29, HCT116, KM12C and KM12SM). The apoptosis was characterized by chromatin condensation, transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining, proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and cytokeratin 18, and activation of caspase-3. The occurrence and intensity of cryo-induced apoptosis did not correlate with the functional status of p53 in the cell lines studied. The expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-X(L)) and pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bcl-X(S), Bad, and Bak) in response to cryo-injury varied in this cell line panel. The basal level of Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio correlated inversely to the apoptotic rate. We further demonstrated that Bax level decreased in cytosol and increased in mitochondria, followed by a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential after cryo-injury in HT29 cells. These findings indicate that cryo-injury induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells via disruption of mitochondrial integrity. The cryo-induced apoptosis was also identified in a nude mouse tumor xenograft model. Our elucidation of the apoptosis pathway induced by cryo-injury implies that synergistic combination of cryosurgery with pharmacological agents that augment of apoptosis induction may have clinical relevance in treating colorectal liver metastasis.     

联合转染PTEN与PINCH siRNA对结直肠癌细胞增殖、侵袭及凋亡影响的机制研究

目的:研究联合转染PTEN与PINCH siRNA对结直肠癌SW620细胞增殖、侵袭和凋亡的影响。方法:在结直肠癌SW620细胞中转染pcDNA-PTEN或/和si-PINCH，qRT-PCR检测PINCH和PTEN mRNA的表达，Western blot检测PINCH、PTEN、CDK1、MMP-2、Bcl-2和 Bax蛋白表达， MTT法、Transwell实验和流式细胞术分别检测细胞增殖、侵袭能力和凋亡率。结果:在结直肠癌SW620细胞中联合转染pcDNA-PTEN和si-PINCH后，PTEN的mRNA和蛋白表达量显著升高（P＜0.05），PINCH的mRNA和蛋白表达量显著降低（P＜0.05）；转染pcDNA-PTEN或/和si-PINCH均可抑制SW620细胞增殖和侵袭并促进细胞凋亡，抑制SW620细胞内增殖蛋白CDK1、侵袭蛋白MMP-2和抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达，促进凋亡蛋白Bax的表达；联合转染pcDNA-PTEN和si-PINCH比单独转染pcDNA-PTEN或si-PINCH效果更显著。结论:联合转染pcDNA-PTEN和si-PINCH可抑制结直肠癌SW620细胞增殖和侵袭并促进细胞凋亡，且比单独转染效果更显著。     

Studies on inducing apoptosis effects and mechanism of CIK cells for MGC-803 gastric cancer cell lines

The induction of apoptosis and antiproliferation effect of cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK cells) on MGC- 803 cells and its mechanisms were studied by using a tetrazolium dye-based (MTT) assay. Morphological changes were observed by using inverted microscope, haematoxylin/eosin (HE) staining, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope. The TdT-mediated dUTP nick and labeling (TUNEL) method was used to detect the apoptosis-induced by CIK cells. The expression rate of p53, p16, C-myc, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins were studied by using immunohistochemical staining. There were significant differences according to varied effector-target ratios at the same working time (p < 0.01) and the same effector-target ratios at different working times (p < 0.01). Inverted microscope and HE staining observation showed that CIK cells were closer to the target cells and formed a typical "rose" shape. The scanning electron microscope showed that most target cells had undergone apoptosis and many "apoptotic bodies," and that transmission electron microscopy showed condensed chromatin, disintegration of the nucleolus, vacuoles in the cytoplasm, and apoptotic bodies appearing in most target cells. TUNEL analysis showed that apoptotic cells contract and turn navy blue in nuclei or perinuclei in the experimental group. The apoptotic rate was upmodulated between 5 and 14 hours and downregulated between 14 and 24 hours in the "CIK" experimental group. The expression of p53, p16, C-myc, and Bcl-2 were significantly downregulated (p < 0.01), and the expression of Bax was upregulated over the time of coculture in the "CIK" experimental group, compared to the control group. Our studies suggested that CIK cells induce apoptosis and have an antiproliferative effect on human MGC-803 gastric cancer cells. The CIK cells kill MGC-803 gastric cancer cells by inducing apoptosis in the early stage and by inducing necrosis in the late stage through the downregulating expression of p53, C-myc, and Bcl-2 and the upregulating expression of Bax.     

Anti-hepatoma cells function of luteolin through inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest

The aim of this study is to explore the apoptotic induction and cell cycle arrest function of luteolin on the liver cancer cells and the related mechanism. The liver cancer cell line SMMC-7721, BEL-7402, and normal liver cells HL-7702 were treated with different concentrations of luteolin. Cell proliferation ability was tested. Morphological changes of the apoptotic cells were observed under inverted fluorescence microscope after Hoechst33342 staining. We investigated the effect of luteolin on cell cycling and apoptosis with flow cytometry. The mitochondrial membrane potential changes were analyzed after JC-1 staining. Caspases-3 and Bcl-2 family proteins expression were analyzed by real-time PCR. Cell proliferation of SMMC-7721 and BEL-7402 were inhibited by luteolin, and the inhibition was dose–time-dependent. Luteolin could arrest the cells at G1/S stage, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential, and induce higher apoptosis rate and the typical apoptotic morphological changes of the liver carcinoma cells. Q-RT-PCR results also showed that luteolin increased Bax and caspase-3 expression significantly and upregulated Bcl-2 expression in a dose-dependent manner in liver carcinoma cells. However, the normal liver cells HL-7702 was almost not affected by luteolin treatment. Luteolin can inhibit SMMC-7721 and BEL-7402 cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. And the mechanism maybe through arresting cell cycle at phase G1/S, enhancing Bax level, reducing anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 level, resulting in activating caspase-3 enzyme and decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, and finally leading to cell apoptosis.     

子宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中细胞凋亡及相关调控基因蛋白的表达

目的：通过对细胞凋亡及部分相关蛋白表达进行检测,探讨子宫颈鳞状细胞癌组织中凋亡细胞的调控机制。方法：应用原位末端标记法（ＴＵＮＥＬ）和双重免疫荧光染色技术对正常子宫颈及不同分化程度的鳞状细胞癌组织中凋亡细胞和Ｂａｘ、Ｂｃｌ－２、ｃａｓｐａｓｅ－３蛋白表达进行检测,利用共聚焦显微镜观察结果。结果：ＴＵＮＥＬ法检测发现,每例标本均有不同程度的细胞凋亡,但数量及分布区域不完全相同,低分化鳞状细胞癌凋亡细     

羟基喜树碱对SW1990体外增殖及凋亡的影响

目的：探讨羟基喜树碱（HCPT）体外抑制人胰腺癌细胞株SW1990增殖并诱导其凋亡的作用。方法：体外培养的胰腺细胞以不同浓度的HCPT处理20至24h后,用MTT法测定细胞增殖,以Annexin V早期凋亡检测试剂盒,电子显微镜,流式细胞仪和原位末端标记分析以及bcl-2免疫细胞化学标记分析检测细胞凋亡情况,结果：MTT细胞增殖,在浓度为3．125ug/ml-100ug/ml各组,药物作用24h,后,肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制率显著高于对照线。（2）原位末端标记及流式细胞仪检测,在0．05mg./ml浓度下,作用20h后,肿瘤细胞的凋亡率在13．2－15．3％之间,在0．1mg/ml浓度下,作用20h后,凋亡率在26．1－30．4％之间。（3）电镜及Annexin V荧光检测：在0．05mg/ml浓度下,凋亡以早期表现为主,早期凋亡率约为15％,（4）bcl-2免疫细胞化学表达：经0．05mg/ml浓度作用24h后,bcl-2表达较对照组明显减少,结论：HCT在体外可抑制SW1990细胞的增殖,部分作用机制是诱导细胞凋亡,可作为细胞凋亡诱导剂用于胰腺癌治疗。