婴幼儿双供肾成人肾移植临床效果研究

目的探讨婴幼儿双供肾成人肾移植的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2012年12月至2020年11月中山大学附属第一医院25例婴幼儿双供肾成人肾移植的供、受者临床资料。计算术后1、3、5年受者和移植肾存活率,观察受者术后肾功能恢复情况及术后不良事件发生情况。结果25例婴幼儿双供肾成人肾移植受者的第1、3、5年存活率均为95.8%,移植肾及死亡删失移植肾的第1、3、5年存活率均为87.2%。1例受者因急性下壁心肌梗死死亡,3例受者分别因移植肾血管血栓形成或输尿管狭窄、尿漏导致移植肾功能丧失。除受者移植肾功能丧失及死亡外,术后1、2、3年估算肾小球滤过率分别为:(99.35±21.78)ml/(min·1.73 m2)、(103.11±29.20)ml/(min·1.73 m2)、(114.99±28.55)ml/(min·1.73 m2)。结论婴幼儿器官捐献供肾的双肾成人肾移植的总体移植效果较满意,做好供、受者匹配,规范供肾获取及手术流程,加强围术期管理可提高成人受者长期疗效,可作为扩大供者来源的重要途径。     

婴儿双供肾成人肾移植的改良简化术式四例

目的总结婴儿双供肾成人肾移植的改良简化术式的手术方式及临床效果。方法总结山西省第二人民医院肾移植透析中心2017年1月至2019年9月采用改良简化术式进行的4例婴儿双供肾成人肾移植资料。4例均为心死亡供者,男性3例,女性1例,年龄(54±22.69)d,体重为(5.6±0.79)kg。受者中男性1例,女性3例,年龄(41.5±5.97)岁,体重(45±3.56)kg。俢肾过程中将双侧供肾缝合固定,使双肾位置相对固定,行供肾腹主动脉瓣-受者髂外动脉、供肾下腔静脉瓣-受者髂外静脉端侧吻合,以降低手术难度、避免血流动力学紊乱。结果4例手术过程均顺利,供肾修整平均历时20 min,移植手术平均历时68.75 min。未出现血管及泌尿系统并发症,随访12个月移植肾功能恢复良好,受者及移植肾远期存活满意。结论改良简化婴儿双供肾成人整块肾移植优化了手术方式,操作简便且降低血管并发症,提高手术成功率,值得在临床实践中推广应用。     

低龄心脏停跳供者单个肾脏成人移植11例

目的 总结符合脑死亡诊断标准的低龄患儿心脏停跳后供肾应用于成人移植的处理经验.方法 心跳停止后单个供肾患儿6例,月龄49～106(75.35±22.8)个月,体质量16.6～37.8(23.9±8.4)kg.受者11例,平均年龄(28.2±7.9)岁,体质量(46.9±4.2)kg.单个供肾植入受者右侧髂窝.手术方法同成人尸肾移植.术中开始单/多克隆抗体加甲泼尼龙诱导治疗,术后常规环孢素或他克莫司、霉酚酸酯、泼尼松三联免疫抑制剂治疗.结果 受者肾功能均恢复正常,其中出现移植肾功能延迟恢复3例.术后移植肾增大明显,灌注后和移植后1周移植肾长径分别为(70.6±5.5)和(86.1±6.9)mm(P＜0.001),之后移植肾持续缓慢增大,至术后12个月移植肾长径为(104.5±8.8)mm.平均随访时间(21.8±9.5)个月,1年人/肾存活率均为100%.结论 低龄心跳停止供者单个供肾植入低体重的成人受者,可以成功维持受者正常肾功能,1年人/肾存活率与成人尸肾移植无显著差异.     

儿童器官捐献供肾肾移植疗效的临床研究

目的探讨儿童器官捐献供肾移植的近期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2013年11月至2015年12月西安交通大学第一附属医院肾移植科完成的15例儿童器官捐献供者,供给28例肾移植受者(其中双肾移植2例)的供、受者临床资料。结果 28例受者手术均获成功。移植肾热缺血时间中位数为12.5 min(0~17.0 min),冷缺血时间中位数为4.3 h(1.5~7.7 h)。术后出现移植物功能延迟恢复(DGF)4例、透析1例、因肺部感染死亡2例、肾吻合口狭窄和供肾血栓形成后切除移植肾各1例。术后随访1~24个月,受者存活26例(93%),带肾存活受者24例(86%),其移植肾功能均正常。结论儿童器官捐献供者双肾整块移植及单肾移植早期临床疗效较好。     

婴幼儿单供肾成人受者移植39例报道

目的总结婴幼儿单供肾成人受者肾移植的临床近期效果。方法 2014～2016年间接受3岁以下婴幼儿单供肾移植的成人受者39例,依据供者年龄分为0～1岁婴儿供肾组(9例)和1～3岁幼儿供肾组(30例),统计术后1年内肾存活情况、肾功能状况、移植肾功能延迟恢复(DGF)发生率及并发症情况。结果两组术后未见原发性无功能(PNF)和外科并发症导致的移植肾失功病例,婴儿供肾组死亡2例,死因均为间质性肺部感染;幼儿供者组死亡2例,死因分别为肺部感染与不明原因猝死,死亡删失的移植肾存活率两组均为100%。两组受者术后1年的血肌酐水平分别为(74.14±18.52)μmol/L和(91.46±26.91)μmol/L,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。DGF发生率,婴儿供肾组44.4%(4/9),幼儿供肾组26.7%(8/30),差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组术后蛋白尿发生率分别为33.3%和36.7%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论婴幼儿单供肾移植给低体重成人受者,移植肾近期存活效果良好,可扩展器官来源。但是术后早期蛋白尿发生率较高,可能与供肾高滤过损伤有关。     

70岁以上老年供肾活体肾移植18例疗效分析

目的探讨70岁以上老年供肾活体肾移植的临床疗效。方法以2017年9月至2019年6月中国科技大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)肾移植科18例供者年龄超过70岁的活体肾移植供、受者为研究对象, 收集围手术期临床资料和随访数据, 根据单侧供肾肾小球滤过率(GFR)是否低于40 ml/(min·1.73 m2)分为低供肾GFR组(8例)和正常供肾GFR组(10例), 分别对两组血肌酐和移植肾存活率等参数进行统计学分析。同时回顾性分析术后并发症等随访结果。结果 18例供、受者均手术顺利, 未发生严重围手术期并发症和二次手术;受者术后未发生移植物功能延迟, 围手术期出现急性排斥反应1例(5.6%), 术后第3天平均血肌酐(155.7±63.5)μmol/L, 出院时血肌酐(97.6±28.7)μmol/L;随访时间37.5个月(27～48个月), 18例供者术后恢复顺利, 随访期间健康状况良好, 未发生蛋白尿、供肾手术相关住院或死亡, 出院血肌酐(86.8±18.3)μmol/L, 末次随访血肌酐(84.4±15.0)μmol/L, 两组差异无统计学意义(P=0.610);18例受者随访期间受者、...     

婴幼儿供肾成人双肾移植42例

目的回顾性分析单中心婴幼儿供肾成人双肾移植临床疗效,探讨供、受者选择及不同手术方式的效果差异。方法回顾性总结2012年12月至2019年5月中南大学湘雅二医院实施的婴幼儿供肾成人双肾移植42例,根据供肾是否满足三"5"标准(供者年龄>5个月、供者体重>5 kg、供肾长径>5 cm)分为两组,两组受者再根据采用不同的手术方式分为术式A亚组(经典En-bloc术式)、术式B亚组(分离式双肾移植)、术式C亚组(改良术式)。分析其临床资料及预后。结果经中位随访时间56个月(11~92个月)。供肾满足三"5"标准组受者均未发生栓塞事件;末次随访估算肾小球滤过率:术式A为123.4 ml/min(92.2~156.6 ml/min)、术式B为97.2 ml/min(81.3~116.6 ml/min)、术式C为133.9 ml/min(133.9~133.9 ml/min);供肾不满足三"5"标准的受者中,术式A和术式C受者均未发生栓塞事件(0%),术式B中3例受者发生移植物栓塞(2例单肾栓塞、1例双肾栓塞)(3/5,60%),显著高于术式A、C组(P<0.05);末次随访尿蛋白(+):术式A 1例(1/2,50%)、术式B 3例(3/5,60%),术式C 0例,术式C受者尿蛋白阳性率显著低于术式A、B(P<0.05);末次随访估算肾小球滤过率:术式A为82.4 ml/min(80.9~83.9 ml/min)、术式B为71.8 ml/min(46.1~114.2 ml/min)、术式C为122 ml/min(83.3~142.4 ml/min)。满足三"5"标准供者组和不满足三"5"标准供者组的受者1年移植肾存活率分别为100%和89.5%;3年移植肾存活率分别为100%和84.2%。结论婴幼儿供肾可以加以利用,满足三"5"标准的供肾对术式的要求不高,预后较好;不满足三"5"标准的极低龄、极低体重供者的供肾,采用利用主动脉远端建立流出道的改良术式似可降低栓塞的发生率、改善近期预后,并减轻移植物高灌注损伤、改善远期预后。     

成人供肾双肾移植的临床疗效

目的探讨成人供肾双肾移植(DKT)的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2016年9月至2020年12月中南大学湘雅二医院收治的13例成人供肾DKT手术供受者的病例资料。13例供者年龄(53.5±12.4)岁, 体质量指数(BMI)(24.3±2.8)kg/m2, 3例有糖尿病史, 8例有高血压病史。13例中, 11例符合美国器官共享联合网络(UNOS)双肾移植标准, 6例符合Remuzzi评分双肾移植标准, 入院时和获取供肾前血清肌酐(SCr)分别为(132.9±54.1)μmol/L和(228.7±112.4)μmol/L。13例受者年龄(39.3±8.9)岁, BMI(20.2±2.4)kg/m2。所有受者均接受ABO血型相合的肾移植, 2例双肾分别放置于双侧髂窝。12例移植肾开放血运后颜色鲜红、充盈迅速, 输尿管立即可见尿液流出, 1例双肾颜色偏暗, 血管搏动弱。记录受者围手术期移植肾功能恢复时间(从手术当天至SCr自然降至正常范围的时间)、移植肾功能延迟恢复(DGF)、急性排斥(AR)、输尿管并发症、手术切口并发症情况, 以及受者末次随访时的SCr、估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、尿蛋白和...     

儿童DCD供肾成人单肾移植与标准DCD供肾移植临床疗效比较研究

目的比较儿童DCD供肾成人单肾移植与标准DCD供肾移植(成人供肾成人单肾移植)的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析本院2011年11月至2014年4月完成的97例DCD供肾移植供受者的临床资料。根据供者年龄将其分为儿童DCD供肾成人单肾移植组(SPKT组,3岁年龄18岁,20例)和标准DCD供肾移植组(SCDKT组,年龄≥18岁,73例),比较两组供受者一般情况、受者术后不同时间点血肌酐水平、各种并发症的发生率及移植肾和人的1年存活率。结果 SPKT组供者年龄、体重、移植肾长度显著小于SCDKT组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);SPKT组受者术后1年内蛋白尿发生率显著高于SCDKT组(P0.01);两组受者移植肾和人的1年存活率比较无统计学差异(P0.05);供受者其它指标比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论与标准DCD供肾移植相比,尽管蛋白尿发生率较高,但儿童DCD供肾成人单肾移植近期临床效果良好,远期效果有待进一步研究。     

成人移植婴幼儿供肾术后移植肾动脉狭窄

目的探讨成人受者接受小儿供肾移植术后发生的移植肾动脉狭窄临床特点、病因、诊断及治疗。方法回顾性分析2014年7月至2019年3月在华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院泌尿外科进行的25例小儿供者整块双肾移植和27例小儿供者单肾移植的临床资料(受者均≥18岁)。结果其中1例双肾移植成人受者(4.0%)和2例单肾移植受者(7.4%)在移植术后13～23个月诊断为移植肾动脉狭窄, 高于同期接受成人供肾的成人受者移植肾动脉狭窄率(1.1%)。移植肾动脉狭窄成人受者与非狭窄组比较, 其供者年龄更小(P<0.05), 但是供者、受者体重差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。狭窄部位内径1.40～1.63 mm, 均为移植肾动脉自供者腹主动脉起始部而非吻合口本身。肾动脉非狭窄段内径2.31～4.93 mm, 与相应年龄小儿正常肾动脉一致。3例移植肾动脉狭窄受者行经皮腔内血管成形及支架置入术后均得到有效治疗。结论移植肾动脉狭窄的原因可能与过度剥离肾动脉周围组织, 影响其术后继续发育相关。谨慎选择成人受者接受婴儿单供肾, 保留肾动脉周围组织可能有助于预防移植肾动脉狭窄。     

38例小儿双供肾成人肾移植临床疗效分析

目的总结小儿双供肾移植临床应用数据和经验,探讨改善其移植术后疗效的措施。方法回顾性分析2014年9月至2019年11月华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院38例小儿双供肾移植资料,小儿供者年龄(63.6±5.7)d,体重(4.1±0.2)kg,受者年龄(28.1±1.4)岁,体重(48.7±4.9)kg。收集供、受者基本情况与术前检查结果,采集受者术前和术后7、30 d及3、6、12个月的血肌酐水平,记录肾移植术后血栓、尿漏、移植肾功能延迟性恢复、蛋白尿、移植肾周血肿等并发症的发生情况与治疗预后。结果术后1年移植物存活率为76.3%(29/38),移植受者存活率100%(38/38),移植物长期存活的29例受者中,手术2周后均无须透析辅助治疗,术后1年血肌酐水平均降至正常。血栓是最主要的术后并发症。肾动、静脉血栓形成导致肾功能丧失发生率18.4%(7/38),余并发症还包括尿漏20.7%(6/29)、移植肾周血肿6.9%(2/29)、原发性移植肾无功能2.6%(1/38)等。结论小儿供肾作为扩大供肾来源的有效方式,临床应用是可行的。     

The advanced age deceased kidney donor: current outcomes and future opportunities

BaCKGROUND: Due to the aging general population, deceased donors > or =55 years will form an increasingly larger proportion of the deceased kidney donor pool. METHODS: Using data from the United States Renal Data System, we determined the change in graft survival between 1996 and 2000 among 32,557 recipients of donors aged <55 years and > or =55 years in univariate and multivariate survival analyses. We identified donor risk factors for graft loss that might influence the decision to accept or reject donors <55 and > or =55 years. The initial glomerular filtration rate established 6 months after transplantation (initial GFR), and the stability of GFR in the first post-transplant year (GFR at 12 months post-transplantation-GFR at six months post-transplantation) were compared between recipients of donors <55 and > or =55 years and the association of these factors with graft survival was determined. RESULTS: In 2000, one-year graft survival in donors > or =55 years was 86.7%. Between 1996 and 1999 the projected graft half life improved from 11.4 to 14.5 years for recipients of donors <55 years (P < 0.01); however, there was no improvement for recipients of donors > or =55 years (8.2 to 9.2 year, P= 0.46). Among donor factors studied, only cold ischemic time >24 hours identified recipients of donors > or =55 years at risk for graft loss. Compared to recipients of donors <55 years, recipients of donors > or =55 years established a lower initial GFR (42 vs. 56 mL/min/1.73 m(2), P < 0.0001), and had less stable GFR in the first post-transplant year (-1.5 vs. -0.6 mL/min/1.73 m(2), P <.0001). Recipients from donors > or =55 years with initial GFR > or =50 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and no drop GFR during the first post-transplant year had graft survival that was superior to that of donors <55 years with either initial GFR <50 mL/min/1.73 m(2) or a drop in GFR during the first post-transplant year. CONCLUSION: Donors > or =55 years are a valuable resource. Despite improvements in immunosuppression, rejection, and delayed graft function, the projected increase in long-term graft survival among recipients of donors <55 years was not shared among recipients of donors > or =55 years. Recipients of donors > or =55 years had lower initial GFR, and less stable GFR during the first post-transplant year. Limiting cold ischemic time to <24 hours may improve outcomes among recipients of donors > or =55 years. Future studies to maximize initial GFR and minimize early loss of GFR in recipients of donors > or =55 years may lead to improved outcomes from deceased donors > or =55 years.     

Single graft loss in dual renal transplant recipients: impact of graft placement on recipient outcomes

We aimed to assess the impact of graft placement in dual renal transplantation on the risk for single graft loss and to report recipient outcomes. Between 2004 and 2007, 55 dual renal transplants were performed at our institution. Allografts were placed bilaterally (one in each iliac fossa) in 42 patients and unilaterally (both in the same iliac fossa) in 14 patients. Nine recipients (16.4%) underwent explantation of a single graft as a consequence of vascular thrombosis designated as the SINGLE group, whereas 46 had two functional allografts (DUAL group). There was a higher rate of graft loss in case of unilateral placement (n = 5/14) compared with bilateral placement (n = 4/41) (35.7% vs. 9.8%, P = 0.035). One‐year glomerular filtration rate was significantly lower in the SINGLE group (29.4 ml/min/1.73 m² vs. 49.4 ml/min/1.73 m² in the DUAL group, P < 0.05). Significantly, none of the nine recipients of the SINGLE group returned to dialysis with a mean follow‐up of 34.1 months. Graft survival at 1 year was 100% and 97.9% in SINGLE and DUAL groups, respectively. Unilateral placement of both allografts is associated with an increased risk of single graft loss and therefore lower renal function at 1 year. However, this strategy is safe in selected indications.     

Long-term outcomes of en-bloc renal transplantation from paediatric donors into adult recipients

Introduction

Transplant units are exploring strategies to increase the availability of donor kidneys. The use of en-bloc kidney transplantation (EBKT) from paediatric donors represents one potential solution. We present our long-term experience with paediatric EBKT among adult recipients.

环状聚四氟乙烯人工血管重建肝静脉流出道在右半肝活体肝移植中的应用价值

目的探讨环状聚四氟乙烯人工血管重建肝静脉流出道在右半肝活体肝移植中的应用价值。方法采用回顾性描述性研究方法。收集2015年6月至2018年8月南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院收治的4例和南京医科大学第一附属医院收治的17例行右半肝活体肝移植供者和对应21例受者的临床病理资料;21例供者中,男10例,女11例;中位年龄为46岁,年龄范围为35~57岁;中位体质量为64 kg,体质量范围为56~72 kg。21例受者中,男16例,女5例;中位年龄为42岁,年龄范围为21~68岁;中位体质量为63 kg,体质量范围为47~77 kg。观察指标:(1)手术及术后情况。(2)随访情况。采用门诊或电话方式进行随访,了解受者术后移植肝功能、肝癌复发、人工血管并发症、人工血管通畅性、生存等情况。随访时间截至2020年8月。受者需终生定期随访。正态分布的计量资料以x±s表示,偏态分布的计量资料以M(范围)表示。计数资料以绝对数或百分比表示。采用Kaplan-Meier法计算通畅率和生存率并绘制通畅率曲线和生存曲线。结果(1)手术及术后情况:21例供者手术时间为(367±72)min,供肝质量为(557±68)g,供肝质量与受者体质量比为0.89%±0.16%,住院时间为(10±2)d。21例供者术后未出现需再次手术或有创处理并发症,1例轻度胆瘘,术后留置腹腔引流管1周拔除。21例受者均顺利完成经典原位肝移植。供肝静脉流出道重建时间为(24±4)min,供肝植入时间为(326±66)min,无肝期为(42±6)min。重建肝中静脉V518支,直径为(6.1±1.3)mm,V815支,直径为(7.2±1.2)mm,肝右后下静脉10支,直径为(6.3±1.3)mm。受者术后入住重症监护室时间为(1.5±0.9)d,总住院时间为(22.6±6.7)d。21例受者中,10例术后发生并发症,其中5例术后1周发生肝功能异常(丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶均>1000 IU/L,胆红素轻度升高),同时伴腹腔积液增加;行增强CT检查结果示供肝右前叶淤血,肝中静脉V5或V8分支血栓形成,经保肝、抗凝、输注白蛋白等对症治疗后肝功能均恢复正常,腹腔积液减少。2例术后1个月下腔静脉血栓形成,反复出现胸腔积液,行腔静脉造影检查,考虑人工血管血栓形成(其中1例腔静脉旁侧支循环形成,予以球囊扩张并置入腔静脉支架),术后继续口服华法林抗凝治疗后恢复正常。1例胆瘘(腹腔引流液培养出肺炎克雷伯杆菌),1例腹腔感染,1例肺部感染,均经抗感染对症治疗后恢复正常。21例受者无严重并发症和围术期死亡。(2)随访情况:21例受者均获得随访,随访时间为10~57个月,中位随访时间为38个月。21例受者术后6个月均未出现移植肝无功能,其中2例肝癌复发。术后2年6例受者死亡(肝癌复发3例、急性大出血2例、肝衰竭1例),无因人工血管引起的严重并发症死亡。21例受者术后1个月、3个月、6个月、1年、2年肝静脉流出道通畅率分别为88.4%、88.4%、82.4%、68.0%、42.1%。21例受者术后6个月、1年、2年总体生存率分别为100.0%、94.4%、71.4%。结论环状聚四氟乙烯人工血管重建肝静脉流出道应用于右半肝活体肝移植安全、可行。     

Adverse effect of donor arteriolosclerosis on graft outcome after renal transplantation.

INTRODUCTION: In recent years less strict criteria for renal graft donors have been applied. Our study was designed to investigate whether the histological picture, with special reference to vascular changes of the donor kidney, has an effect on the development and level of graft function, and on 48-month graft survival. METHODS: Three morphologically distinct groups were formed from 150 consecutive cadaveric kidneys donors transplanted into 290 recipients. A control group (C) consisted of kidneys with a completely normal histological picture. Group M1 included kidneys with mild arteriolosclerosis and group M2 (n=122) was comprised of kidneys showing significant arteriolosclerosis. The onset of graft function was assessed by the need for dialysis treatment post-transplantation and the levels of serum creatinine and creatinine clearance at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months post transplant. RESULTS: The proportion of sclerotic glomeruli (P<0.001) and the incidence and severity of interstitial fibrosis was greater in groups M1 and M2 than in the control group (M1, P<0.01; M2, P<0.001). The incidence of vascular fibrinoid necrosis in M2 was greater than in controls (P<0.001). The onset of graft function did not differ significantly between the groups. Group M2 showed a significantly lower level of graft function (P<0.001). The 4-year graft survival rate of group M2 was 74.2%, significantly lower than in the combined group C+M1 (P=0.03). CONCLUSION: Significant vascular lesions in the donor kidney should be taken into account when predicting graft function and survival.     

Shorter waiting times for hepatitis C virus seropositive recipients of cadaveric renal allografts from hepatitis C virus seropositive donors

Introduction. The purposes of this study were: 1) to analyze the early results of cadaveric renal transplantation from either hepatitis C virus seropositive (HCV+) or hepatitis C virus seronegative (HCV−) donors into HCV+ recipients; and 2) to determine whether HCV+ patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) might benefit from receiving renal allografts from HCV+ donors.
Methods. From January 1997 to June 1999, 28 patients with ESRD and HCV infection underwent 29 cadaveric renal transplants. The data were reviewed retrospectively. Nineteen of the renal transplants were performed with allografts obtained from 15 HCV+ donors and 10 with allografts obtained from 10 HCV− donors. The median follow-up was 16.2 months, with an average of 15.4±2 months.
Results. Recipients of HCV+ renal allografts had shorter waiting times for transplantation. On average, patients who received a kidney from HCV+ donors were transplanted 9±3 months after being placed on the transplant list, compared to 29±3 months for patients who received a kidney from a HCV− donor. Shorter waiting times were noted in every blood type group. There were no significant differences in rejection episodes, infectious complications, renal function, liver function, graft survival, or patient survival.
Conclusions. The use of renal allografts from HCV+ donors for HCV+ recipients shortens the waiting time for these patients, with no short-term differences in renal and liver function, graft loss, or patient survival.     

Graft function 5-7 years after renal transplantation in early childhood

BACKGROUND: Low recipient age is still a risk factor for graft failure after kidney transplantation (Tx). Detailed prospective reports on long-term graft function in small children after renal Tx are still lacking. METHODS: Forty-nine kidney allograft recipients who received transplants before the age of 5 years were followed prospectively. The most common disease was congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type. Twenty patients were recipients of living related donors (LRD), and 29 were cadaveric kidney (CAD) recipients. All patients received triple immunosuppression. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), sodium, urate, and potassium handling, and concentrating capacity were studied for up to 7 years after Tx. RESULTS: Patient survival 7 years after Tx was 100% for LRD and 96% for CAD recipients. Graft survival was 94% for LRD and 79% for CAD recipients (P=NS) and 89% and 83% for children >2 years and <2 years of age at Tx, respectively (P=NS). Five years after Tx, GFR was 70 vs. 64 and ERPF was 380 vs. 310 ml/min/1.73 m2 for LRD and CAD recipients, respectively (P=NS). Mean absolute GFR remained stable. GFR was lower in children who received transplants at <2 years than in children who received transplants at >2 years of age, 54 vs. 75 ml/min/1.73 m2 (P=0.02). Sodium handling remained intact, but hyperuricemia was seen in 43-67%; 17-33% showed abnormal handling of potassium; and most patients had a subnormal concentrating capacity. CONCLUSIONS: Excellent long-term graft survival and good graft function can be achieved with triple immunosuppression, even in young CAD kidney recipients.