塔里木油田实用产量预测方法

乌什凹陷神木地区位于天山造山带南部山前复杂地区, 地震资料品质较差, 储层埋藏深, 岩相横向变化快, 叠后反演、地震属性等常规储层预测方法由于具有局限性和多解性而不适用。为准确地预测神木地区储层分布规律, 引进了叠前同时反演技术, 从叠前道集资料品质评价及优化处理、岩石物理建模、地震子波提取、低频模型建立及岩相解释分析等技术环节层层质控, 对研究区储层进行精细研究, 刻画出研究区储层展布规律, 取得了较好的应用效果。研究发现, 神木地区白垩系舒善河组油气藏为一受构造控制的岩性油气藏, 储层为呈北东向展布的河道砂体, 砂岩物性较好。SM2井位于河道砂体构造高部位, 砂体较连续; SM201井构造位置相对较低, 砂体位于油水界面之下；WC1井钻遇河道边缘的一透镜状砂体, 规模较小。SM2井区岩性油气藏河道砂体的构造高部位可作为下一步勘探的有利目标。     

拟声波反演技术在玉东1薄砂层预测中的应用

玉东1地区古近系主要发育冲积扇—扇三角洲—湖泊沉积体系,砂体在垂向上至少可分4套砂组,表现为多期砂体相互叠置,砂泥岩互层频繁。由于砂、泥岩都存在钙质胶结情况,两者常规波阻抗反演波阻抗值差异不大,砂泥岩难以有效区分。测井岩石物理分析表明伽马曲线能够有效区分砂泥岩,利用伽马曲线对声波曲线进行重构,进行拟声波阻抗反演研究,区分砂泥岩精度较高,与实钻结果比较吻合,应用效果较好,满足了生产需要。     

哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞量化技术

哈拉哈塘地区碳酸盐岩储层埋藏最深已超过7200m,储层非均质性强,缝洞储集体识别、预测与评价难度大。井震结合建立了串珠、片状、杂乱地震相及相应的几何空间模型,在测井储层模型及地震波阻抗反演约束下进行多信息融合得到储层孔隙度模型,最终完成缝洞空间量化雕刻、缝洞连通性预测及缝洞体空间描述。该技术实现了缝洞体由原来的属性体轮廓刻画向量化雕刻的转变,有效推动了勘探开发生产。     

应用生物电阻抗预测方程评价维持性血液透析患者干体质量

目的探讨运用生物电阻抗预测方程评价维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者干体质量的准确性。方法使用多频生物电阻抗分析仪测定60例MHD患者50千赫下电阻抗值,结合斜率法、新三室模型预测MHD患者干体质量。经下腔静脉直径(inferior vena cavadiameter,IVCD)等综合评价,认为患者的干体质量即入选患者本次透析后体质量,可用于干体质量准确性评价。另选择性别、年龄、身高,体质量和体质量指数(BMI)相匹配个体87例,用于构建方程系数及与MHD患者人体参数比较。结果斜率法预测结果与干体质量比较:Pearson r=0.991,Bland-Altman显示各点均距零点较远,两者一致性欠佳;新三室模型预测结果与干体质量比较:Pearson r=0.993,Bland-Altman显示各点波动于差值零点附近,两者一致性较好。结论不同的生物电阻抗测量仪对所测数据存在影响,在本研究中,新三室模型所得结果能更准确的预测MHD患者干体质量。     

地震储层厚度预测精度分析及在塔里木地区的应用

为了分析储层厚度预测精度,首先根据实际数据建立正演模型并进行正演模拟,然后采用地震剖面识别、宽带约束反演、矢量属性3种方法对正演模拟数据进行分析,最终得到3种方法下的储层厚度预测精度。同时,在理论正演数据中加入噪声,研究这3种方法对噪声的敏感度,研究结果表明地震剖面识别和宽带约束反演方法在预测储层厚度时抗噪性较好,而矢量属性方法则对地震资料的信噪比要求较高。将理论研究成果应用于塔里木哈得地区,得到基于宽带约束反演和矢量属性方法预测的研究区内储层厚度平面图,并给出了储层段尖灭线,效果明显。     

复杂近地表区综合长波长静校正方法

复杂近地表区长波长静校正问题一直困扰着地震资料处理和解释,单一静校正方法不能取得理想效果,其原因不是野外数据密度不够,就是方法假设条件不满足。在这种复杂近地表模型下,精确求解风化层速度、厚度和高速层速度属于严重非线性问题,通过非线性问题线性化、模型参数替代方法解决长波长静校正问题是本研究的出发点。野外调查和地震数据含有丰富长波长信息,解决长波长静校正问题应该综合考虑这两方面因素。提出在表层调查和初至折射波速度共同约束下,建立初始速度场,利用层析静校正进行近地表速度场反演获得近地表模型,再运用初至波旅行时拟合迭代技术,在地震数据共炮点、共检波点和共偏移距道集综合解决长波长静校正问题。中国西部塔西南黄土塬地区野外实际资料的应用结果表明,该方法在复杂近地表模型下能够很好地解决长波长静校正问题。     

低频脉冲结合因时循经按压对糖尿病周围神经病变患者神经传导速度及生活质量的影响

目的探讨低频脉冲结合因时循经按压对糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)患者神经传导速度及生活质量的影响。方法选取2017年1月至2020年1月收治的110例DPN患者,以数字随机表法将其分为对照组及观察组,各55例。对照组行常规护理及低频脉冲,观察组在此基础上行因时循经按压。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组腓总神经、正中神经的SNCV及MNCV均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的TCSS评分明显低于对照组,SF-36评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的全血黏度、纤维蛋白原水平、血浆比黏度均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的护理满意度明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论低频脉冲结合因时循经按压在DPN患者中的应用效果显著,可改善神经传导速度,提升患者生活质量及护理满意度。     

评价血液透析患者容量状态的新参量:峰值阻抗

目的本研究初步总结血液透析患者在血液透析前后阻抗-频率曲线变化的规律,提出评价血液透析患者容量状况的新参量。方法本研究随机抽取20例健康人(对照组)与20例血液透析患者(透析组),在100Hz到50kHz频率范围内对其全身阻抗进行扫频测量,描绘并比较两组的阻抗曲线。结果阻抗曲线与ECFC模型相吻合,透析组透析前后阻抗曲线变化明显,透析后阻抗曲线更接近对照组阻抗曲线。透析组患者透析前后峰值阻抗分别为(415±106)Ω和(566±74)Ω,峰值频率分别为(5.16±1.49)kHz和(3.94±0.91)kHz,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);透析前峰值频率、峰值阻抗分别与对照组健康人的峰值频率[(4.03±0.50)kHz]、峰值阻抗[(502±38)Ω]相比差异有统计学意义(P0.01),而透析后峰值频率、阻抗与对照组峰值频率、阻抗相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。透析组患者透析前后的峰值阻抗差与体质量差呈显著相关(r=0.574,P0.01);在控制变量年龄和身高体质量比进行偏相关分析后,透析前后的体质量差和峰值阻抗差仍呈显著正相关(r=0.631,P0.01)。结论生物阻抗曲线可以较好地反映血液透析患者的容量状况;峰值阻抗可作为评价血液透析患者容量状况的新参量。     

速度因素对躯干等速肌力测试影响的研究

研究速度因素对躯干等速肌力测试的影响,探讨等速肌力测试用于躯干肌肌力评定的最佳速度参数。方法:健康男性30例,使用美国产BIODEXⅡAP多关节等速测试及康复系统测定躯干峰力矩(PT)、相对峰力矩(PT/BW)、总功(TW)、相对总功(TW/BW)、功率(AP)和屈/伸比值(F/E),测试角速度分别选用60°/s、180°/s和240°/s,利用单因素方差分析和SNK-q检验对结果进行统计学分析。结果:各组间的PT、PT/BW、TW/BW和AP比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05),60°/s组PT、PT/BW、TW/BW和AP同180°/s组比较差异显著(P<0.05),而180°/s组同240°/s组比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:速度对躯干肌肉的等速肌力测试的影响是明显的,进行测试和训练时,选择低速指标比较可靠。     

正常青年人汉语认知活动与脑血流速度变化的相关性研究

目的:探讨汉语认知任务的完成对脑血流速度的影响。方法:在进行汉语词语联想、句子重建、近意词辨别认知任务时及其先前的休息期,对45个正常的志愿者(右利手)用经颅超声多普勒监测其双侧大脑中动脉血流速度的变化。结果:完成认知任务时与休息时期相比,所有认知任务的完成均诱导出双侧大脑中动脉血流速度的显著增加(P<0.01):词语联想任务左侧相对增加14.2±4.7,右侧8.5±2.8,句子重建左侧相对增加13.8±3.2,右侧8.6±2.2,近意词辨别左侧相对增加13.0±6.4,右侧7.3±3.1;并显现出显著的左侧半球偏侧化。性别对部分认知活动诱导的脑血流速度变化产生影响,但男女性别间偏侧化倾向无显著差异。结论:词语联想、句子重建、近意词辨别任务可诱导脑血流速度的左侧偏侧化。     

逆时偏移在碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层地震成像中的应用

逆时偏移采用双程波动方程，对地层倾角没有限制，适应纵横向速度变化，具有提高碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层成像精度的技术潜力。依托哈拉哈塘地区的实际地震数据，就逆时偏移的成像效果进行了实验分析，实验结果表明，逆时偏移较单程波偏移能够更好地聚焦缝洞体的散射能量，提高成像精度，但其对速度场精度的依赖性更高，当使用地震属性对裂缝系统进行刻画时，由于逆时偏移地震数据的频带较窄，降低了裂缝系统的刻画精度。     

库车前陆区叠前深度偏移速度建场技术及应用

圆筒型直线磁齿轮依靠磁场作用传递推力,其输入与输出之间具有非接触的特点。直线磁齿轮较机械齿轮具有独特优势,如高力密度、高效率、低噪音、固有的过负荷保护、免维护等,使得它在电动汽车驱动、风力发电、海浪发电等领域广受关注。为获得圆筒型直线磁齿轮的特性及性能参数,本文利用有限元分析方法建立其瞬态分析模型:首先定义了直线磁齿轮的三种运动形式,分析了磁齿轮内、外两层气隙磁场,并对其推力特性进行研究;其次,对调磁环铁心片长度和径向厚度、永磁体厚度、气隙长度、电枢铁心厚度进行研究,以获得最大推力为目标,分析结构参数对直线磁齿轮推力传输能力的影响,得到直线磁齿轮的优化尺寸。最后在优化参数下进行模拟分析,结果表明优化后确实提高了直线磁齿轮的推力和力密度。     

地震相控非线性随机反演技术在桑塔木地区三叠系储层预测中的应用

总结56例股骨上端骨肿瘤保肢人工关节重建术后并发症的观察与护理.术后易发生髋关节脱位、感染、深静脉血栓形成等并发症.做好患肢护理,加强切口护理,严密观察生命体征及病情变化,及早发现并发症并予积极处理,是手术成功的保证.术后并发症发生率17.9%,其中髋关节脱位5例、感染3例、深静脉血栓形成2例,经对症治疗及护理均康复出院.     

Acoustic parameters of ocular tissues

The sound velocity and the impedance of animal eyes and human eyes are measured by high frequency RF echograms (10 MHz) using a digital computer. The results are compared to literature data from 1955 to 1965, which were obtained with completely different techniques. The pig's eye appears to be a good animal model for the human eye in ultrasonic experiments. The reflectivity levels predicted from the impedance values correspond to known relative reflectivity levels obtained in clinical routine.     

Ventriculovascular physiology of the growth-restricted fetus.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the mechanisms by which intrauterine growth restriction may influence later cardiovascular risk by comparing the ventriculovascular physiology of gestational age- and weight-matched growth-restricted and normal fetuses. DESIGN: A prospective longitudinal observational study of 20 normal fetuses studied from 20 weeks to term at monthly intervals was compared with a growth-restricted cohort examined in the interval between diagnosis and delivery. The last values before delivery of the growth-restricted cohort were compared with the normal cohort in two analyses matched for weight and for gestation. Arterial and venous vessel wall physiology and aortic pulse wave velocity were examined longitudinally in the thoracic descending aorta and inferior vena cava using an ultrasonic phase-locked echo-tracking system. Serial echocardiographic examinations were performed assessing structure, ventricular dimensions, function and Doppler flows. RESULTS: There was a linear increase in cardiac preload and relative pulse amplitude in the inferior vena cava with gestation. In normal fetuses, the aortic pulse wave velocity, maximum incremental and late decremental velocities increased with gestation whilst the relative pulse amplitude decreased reflecting falling distal impedance. In both age- and weight-matched analyses, the growth-restricted fetuses showed significantly reduced values reflecting the chronic fetal ventriculovascular responses to increased placental impedance. Pulse wave velocity increased with gestation and was significantly less in the growth-restricted cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Growth restriction is associated with abnormal ventriculovascular physiology that represents a successful adaptive response to raised placental impedance and reduction in wall stress as evidenced by the lower fetal pulse wave velocity in growth-restricted fetuses. However, whilst fetal adaptive mechanisms may aid survival they may result in cerebral and vascular abnormalities that prejudice later cardiovascular health.     

塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞集合体定量地震描述与地质建模

缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层多样多期的地质成因和内部强烈的非均质性,使得常规建模手段难以应用于实际工作中。结合地质体特征和地震相,运用聚类分析技术实现缝洞集合体的几何结构建模;针对缝洞型碳酸盐岩测井资料少、储层内部结构复杂和非均质强的特征,将地质统计学地震反演技术用于储层岩相和孔隙度建模工作中,针对塔里木盆地典型区块缝洞集合体建立静态模型,实现其定量地震描述;进一步利用单井与井组内动态数据,修正缝洞体的规模、边界和连通性,研究成果指导了基于缝洞集合体井位的高效部署、高效开发工作。     

Measuring guided waves in long bones: modeling and experiments in free and immersed plates

Guided waves, consistent with the A0 Lamb mode, have previously been observed in bone phantoms and human long bones. Reported velocity measurements relied on line fitting of the observed wave fronts. Such an approach has limited ability to assess dispersion and is affected by interference by other wave modes. For a more robust identification of modes and determination of phase velocities, signal processing techniques using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) were investigated. The limitations of FFT because of spatial resolution were addressed to improve the precision of the measured modes. An inversion scheme was developed for determining the plate thickness from the measured velocity. Experiments were performed on free and immersed plates, mimicking bone without and with an overlying tissue. With group velocity filtering, modes could be identified reliably with precise phase velocities and thicknesses. These methods were essential for the immersed plates and they should lead to more reliable in vivo measurements.     

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SHOCK WAVES RESULTING FROM THE IMPACT OF HIGH VELOCITY MISSILES ON ANIMAL TISSUES

The spark shadowgram method of studying shock waves is described. It has been used to investigate the properties of such waves produced by the impact of a high velocity missile on the surface of water. The method can be adapted for study of behavior of shock waves in tissue by placing the tissue on a water surface or immersing it in water. Spark shadowgrams then reveal waves passing from tissue to water or reflected from tissue surfaces. Reflection and transmission of shock waves from muscle, liver, stomach, and intestinal wall are compared with reflection from non-living surfaces such as gelatin gel, steel, plexiglas, cork, and air. Because of its heterogeneous structure, waves transmitted by tissue are dispersed and appear as a series of wavelets. When the accoustical impedance (density x wave velocity) of a medium is less than that in which the wave is moving, reflection will occur with inversion of the wave; i.e., a high pressure wave will become a low pressure wave. This inversion occurs at an air surface and is illustrated by shadowgrams of reflection from stomach wall, from a segment of colon filled with gas, and from air-filled rubber balloons. Bone (human skull and beef ribs) shows good reflection and some transmission of shock waves. When steel is directly hit by a missile, clearly visible elastic waves pass from metal to water, but a similar direct hit on bone does not result in elastic waves strong enough to be detected by a spark shadowgram.