新生儿巨结肠术前多功能洗肠机研制

针对新生儿传统洗肠方式的缺陷,本文提出了一种新型的新生儿多功能洗肠机的设计思想,并详细介绍了该机的结构及各组成部分的功能。该机的应用在一定程度上减轻了临床医护人员的劳动强度,同时缩短了先天性新生儿巨结肠患者术前灌肠的准备时间,并减少了患儿的并发症,具有一定的临床应用意义。     

临床路径在基层医院新生儿高胆红素血症治疗中的应用评价

目的：评价临床路径在基层医院新生儿高胆红素血症治疗中的应用效果.方法：对 260 例 （ 实验组 ） 新生儿高胆红素血症患儿按临床路径进行治疗和护理,并与按传统方法进行治疗和护理的 242 例新生儿高胆红素血症 （ 对照组 ） 患儿,就药品应用的种类、药品费用、住院费用、家长满意度进行对比分析.结果：实验组药品使用种类、药品费用、住院费用明显低于对照组 （P〈0.05）.家长满意度评分显著高于对照组 （P〈0.05）.结论：临床路径规范了诊疗程序,加强了药物的规范化使用,减少了安全隐患,可以在基层医院推广使用.     

应用孕前优生筛查降低新生儿缺陷几率临床分析

目的:探究孕前优生筛查降低新生儿缺陷几率的临床效果.方法:针对2015年间未实施孕前优生筛查的4000对夫妇进行新生儿缺陷几率的调查,并归为对照组;在2016年间针对另外4000对夫妇实施孕前优生筛查,并归为观察组,比较两组新生儿缺陷发生率.结果:比较两组新生儿缺陷几率可见,观察组的0.2%相比对照组的1.0%明显较低,组间比较P<0.05则说明差异明显.结论:应用孕前优生筛查降低新生儿缺陷几率临床分析发现,其能够保证夫妇双方健康,并做好孕育的准备和预防工作,最终减少新生儿缺陷发生几率,因此值得临床借鉴.     

神经影像学在新生儿脑卒中诊断的应用

新生儿脑卒中是新生儿期严重的神经系统疾病,缺乏特异的临床症状和体征,多为亚临床状态,极易漏诊,以至延误治疗,造成不同程度的神经系统损伤.以往人们对该病的认识不足,随着神经影像学的发展和进步,不仅提高了新生儿脑卒中的诊断率,而且也为了解脑损伤程度提供了依据,并可据此选择适当的干预措施,判断预后.目前临床常用的影像学手段有:头颅超声波检查、计算机头部断层扫描和磁共振.在新生儿脑卒中诊断中,不同的检查方法各有其优点和不足.该文介绍了神经影像技术在新生儿脑卒中诊断方面的应用.     

人性化护理在产科临床护理中的应用

产科临床护理的护理对象较为特殊,并且,产科临床护理的范围较广,护理具有较强的针对性.一般来说,产科临床护理主要包括对孕妇、产妇的护理,对新生儿的护理以及患有相关的妇科疾病患者的临床护理等等.由于女性的情感较为丰富细腻,若患者得知自身患有一定的妇科疾病,很容易出现忧虑、紧张等负面情绪,不利于患者的治疗.甚至有严重的患者还可能导致出现抑郁症,不仅对患者的治疗造成一定的影响,还会导致患者的健康受到再次的影响.并且,产妇、孕妇群体更具有特殊性,随着人们生活水平的提高,人们对于产妇、孕妇以及新生儿的健康都更加关注,因此产科护理需要对护理质量更加关注.参加产科临床的护理人员必须要具备相应的专业护理技能以及良好的护理态度,保证护理质量.本文主要对人性化护理在产科临床护理中的必要性进行了分析,并在此基础上,分析了人性化护理如何在产科临床护理中有效应用.     

探讨临床路径在儿童保健门诊中的作用

目的:探究并分析在儿童保健门诊中临床路径的应用价值.方法:选取2016年12月-2017年12月期间在我院出生的84例新生儿作为研究对象,并采用随机分配的方式将参与研究的全部新生儿分成对照组和观察组,每组新生儿42例.给予对照组新生儿常规体检、接种疫苗以及营养指导等常规化干预,给予观察组新生儿临床路径干预,对两组新生儿的体格与智力发育水平进行对比.结果:观察组新生儿6个月时的体格与智力发育评分均高于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组新生儿12个月时的体格与智力发育评分均高于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:在儿童保健门诊工作中,对新生儿采取临床路径干预,能够使新生儿的体格以及智力水平均得到提升,值得临床上的广泛应用和推广.     

L-肉碱在危重新生儿中的应用

危重新生儿可因多种因素造成L-肉碱缺乏,随着L-肉碱在临床中应用价值的不断体现,其必将在危重新生儿的诊治中发挥一定作用,本文就L-肉碱在儿科中的既往应用和研究成果进行综述。     

新生儿先天性心脏病的超声早期筛查

文章对748例新生儿进行超声心动图检查,探讨彩色多普勒超声在新生儿先天性心脏病早期筛查中的临床应用价值.彩色多普勒超声早期筛查新生儿先天性心脏病,无创、操作简单,具有重要临床价值.     

床旁沐浴抚触对新生儿生长发育的影响

目的 探讨床旁沐浴抚触的临床护理服务对新生儿生长发育的影响.方法 由研究者本人向新生儿家属讲解本研究的目的、所采用床旁沐浴抚触护理服务方法的具体过程后,征得新生儿家属的知情同意,并在家属的支持和配合下,对新生儿进行床旁沐浴抚触护理服务的实施.结果 通过对新生儿进行床旁沐浴抚触临床护理服务的实施,促进了新生儿体质量的增长、黄疸指数的降低、粪便变黄时间的缩短,同时也促进了新生儿的睡眠.结论 床旁沐浴抚触的临床护理服务可以促进新生儿的生长发育.     

黄芪治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病疗效观察

新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)是新生儿窒息后的严重并发症,是造成围产期新生儿死亡和儿童伤残的主要原因之一.如何改善预后,提高生存质量,目前受到广泛关注.近年来我们应用大剂量黄芪治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病取得一定疗效,现总结如下.……     

厦门市某医院战略规划制定研究概述

医院实施战略管理，可有效分配人力和物资资源，提高医院运行效率和服务质量，降低医疗费用，满足人民群众日益增长的医疗需求。作者阐述了医院制定战略规划的意义，描述了厦门市某医院制定战略规划的背景、过程及资料收集方法，并通过对其内外部环境进行分析，确定医院的方向性战略，做出医院未来10年的战略规划。在制定医院战略规划的过程中，提出医院愿景、建立医院战略目标体系和制定战略方案是战略规划的实质。     

Plataforma NoGracias: de grupo de interés a grupo de presión

NoGracias group is a civil society organization that takes action in defense of a democratic (transparent and accountable to citizens) and sovereign public health system (its decisions are not dictated by the interests of other actors such as industries). It is inscribed in rationalism regarding its confidence in science and its method, but at the same time it is critical of the drifts that the rationalist fit of contemporary medicine has taken, that is, evidence-based medicine. It operates in a scenario in which the State has lost its classic strengths in favor of business groups and where access to the political process is not easy. Throughout its more than ten years of history, NoGracias has been able to build a theoretical framework that challenges great powers and goes a long way toward its institutionalization.     

Burden of frailty in the elderly population: perspectives for a public health challenge

Frailty is a major health condition associated with ageing. Although the concept is almost universally accepted, its operational definition remains controversial. Anyway, this geriatric condition represents a huge potential public health issue at both the patient and the societal levels because of its multiple clinical, societal consequences and its dynamic nature. Here, we review existing definitions and assessment tools for frailty, we highlight consequences of this geriatric condition and we discuss the importance of its screening and prevention to limit its public health burden.     

Clinical epidemiology. what,who, and whither

Clinical epidemiology, the what, was introduced by John Paul in 1938, as a new basic science for preventive medicine. Its definition subsequently took on a more bedside tone, but continues to be adapted to the needs of its practitioners. Clinical epidemiology, the who, centers on Alvan Feinstein and the way that he led the field and nurtured so many of its practitioners. Clinical epidemiology, the whither, describes its more recent development and its impact on five evolutions and revolutions: in evidence generation, its rapid critical appraisal, its efficient storage and retrieval, evidence-based medicine, and evidence synthesis.     

Princeton HealthCare System name reflects comprehensive services. New brand identity focuses on 'Redefining Care'

The Medical Center at Princeton, Princeton, N.J., introduced its new name last June, both to its community and its internal stakeholders. It is now known as Princeton HealthCare System, a name chosen to reflect its growth and diversity. It's being branded as a unique institution that combines the sensitive, caring serice of a community hospital with the sophisticated care of a teaching hospital.     

科技创新、产业政策与食品安全：“地沟油”问题的治理之道

近年来,我国政府为治理地沟油投入众多财政和行政资源,但地沟油回流餐桌现象仍屡禁不止,同时,治理面临着餐厨废弃物回收制度存在缺陷、监管难度大等挑战。本文认为,导致这一状况的重要原因是过于强调单一的打击和处罚,忽视了将其与科技创新与产业政策有机结合。本文从科技创新、产业政策和政府监管角度分析影响餐厨垃圾与废弃油脂治理的具体因素,并针对政府提出切实可行的政策建议：搭建平台提高企业科技创新能力,利用财政政策扶持产业,建立废弃油脂回收产业中长期规划,推行生物柴油配额制度与完善废弃油脂回收管理制度。食品安全治理是一个多元化治理工具的组合过程,不能只靠传统的政府监管,还需与食品科技和产业政策进行匹配。     

Nutritional counseling in bulimia nervosa

We describe a nutritional counseling program emphasizing the importance of healthy eating behavior and the practical aspects of its implementation to counter the starve/binge/purge cycle of bulimia nervosa. We describe its rationale, its implementation, and, using a case illustration, its preliminary results.     

Perspectives on a New Strategy for Child Protection in Africa

Published findings regarding child abuse in Africa is scarce and in its infancy. Nevertheless, consideration is warranted to identify implementation process stages for a protocol to be used by child protection practitioners in Africa. Children must be protected against the imperfect world that adults have created with its dangers, its wars, its violence, its shootings, its inequalities, its injustices. African children become symbols of the good which needs to be protected against the powerful, against evil ones — molesters, batterers, exploiters, child abusers, who take advantage of innocent children and treat them in selfish, cruel, inhumane, indifferent, callous ways.     

Brazilian Nursing Association: 70 years of struggle for life

This work is about the Brazilian Nursing Association (ABEn), its origin, its expansion and projection based on its philosophy and highlighting its achievements from its origin in 1926 until today when its 70th anniversary is being celebrated. This work aims at reporting this institution history and narrating the support provided so that nursing may contribute decisively to the construction of a body of profession knowledge itself, the legal definition of professional practice, teaching regulamentation through its commissions. Methodology has been composed of bibliographic research and interviews with active professionals. It has been concluded that ABEn is stronger and stronger and aware of the way on how to achieve many other goals which will bear great conquests which will contribute for granting nursing power and space as a profession set to the human, therefore, to a better life, with more love, peace and social justice.     

A review on different modes and methods for yielding a pentose sugar: xylitol

Xylitol, a five-carbon polyalcohol, holds a substantial place in the cure and prevention of a number of diseases. The foremost reason for its lesser usage in day-to-day practice is its cost. The method employed on large scale production of this polyol, i.e. chemical reduction, uses extensive machinery and expensive chemicals thus increasing the basic cost of the sugar. Yield of xylitol by other methods including fermentation and enzymatic production is far less than chemical reduction. We did a literature analysis and briefed out the various experiments carried out till date and concluded on the required studies for improving its production and lowering down its cost.