上皮性卵巢癌患者溶血磷脂酸与MMP-2表达及相关性研究

目的:评价溶血磷脂酸(LPA)对上皮性卵巢癌(EOC)的诊断价值及可能的机制。方法:选取80例确诊的EOC患者、40例良性卵巢瘤患者和30例健康女性,检测其血浆LPA和CA-125水平并进行比较;采用双抗体夹心(ELISA)法检测血清基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2水平,对LPA和MMP-2表达进行相关分析。结果:EOC患者LPA与CA-125水平均高于良性卵巢肿瘤患者和正常对照者;LPA检测EOC的敏感性和特异性均高于CA-125(P<0.05);MMP-2在上皮性卵巢癌患者表达高于良性卵巢肿瘤患者和正常对照者(P<0.05),且两者存在正相关(r=3.54,P<0.05)。结论:LPA对上皮性卵巢癌的早期诊断具有重要价值,其介导卵巢癌的发病与转移可能通过影响MMP-2的途径。     

血清人附睾蛋白4对卵巢上皮性肿瘤的诊断价值

目的探讨卵巢上皮性肿瘤患者血清人附睾蛋白4(HE4)水平的变化,及联合检测血清中CA125和人附睾蛋白4(HE4)对卵巢上皮性肿瘤的临床价值。方法测定我院103例卵巢上皮性癌患者、47例交界性卵巢上皮性肿瘤患者、145例卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤患者血清HE4、CA125水平,分析联合HE4和CA125检测对卵巢上皮性癌的诊断价值。结果 HE4和CA125水平在卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤、交界性卵巢上皮性肿瘤、卵巢上皮性癌中平行升高,且组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合HE4和CA125检测较单项检测提高了对卵巢癌的灵敏度、特异性和临床符合率。结论 HE4可作为卵巢肿瘤新的标志物,与CA125联合检测来提高卵巢癌的诊断率。     

血浆溶血磷脂酸和癌抗原125检测在卵巢癌早期诊断中的价值

目的探讨血浆溶血磷脂酸（LPA）和CA-125检测在卵巢癌早期诊断中的价值。方法选取2005年10月至2008年2月收治的卵巢癌患者50例为卵巢癌组,同时选取同期卵巢良性肿瘤患者44例（卵巢良性病组）,以及50例健康妇女作为健康对照组,全部病例均于术前采血且经病理诊断证实,分别检测各组血浆LPA和CA-125。结果血浆LPA水平在卵巢癌组中的均值及阳性率明显高于卵巢良性病组和健康对照组（P〈0．05）,血浆CA-125在卵巢癌组中的均值和阳性率与卵巢良性病组相比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,但两组均高于健康对照组（P〈0．05）;血浆LPA检测特异度明显高于血浆CA．125检测,早期卵巢癌的诊断中,两者联合检测的灵敏度为85．7％,优于单项检测（P〈0．01）;Ⅱ-Ⅳ期卵巢癌患者血浆LPA及CA-125阳性率及水平较Ⅰ期高（P〈0．01）;CA-125阳性率在卵巢癌各病理类型间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论LPA是卵巢上皮性癌的诊断尤其是早期诊断的敏感生物学标记物,联合检测CA-125可提高卵巢癌的早期诊断率。     

卵巢上皮性癌患者血清和腹水中血管上皮因子测定的临床价值

目的 测定卵巢上皮性癌患者血清和腹水中血管上皮生长因子(VEGF)的含量,探讨VEGF在卵巢上皮性癌的诊断、病情监测、预测复发中的价值.方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定卵巢上皮性良性肿瘤(良性组)30例、交界性肿瘤(交界性组)7例、恶性肿瘤(恶性组)33例患者血清和腹水(或腹腔冲洗液)中VEGF的含量.结果 恶性组术前血清和腹水中VEGF的量明显高于交界性组和良性组(P＜0.05);交界性组、恶性组术后血清VEGF的量较术前明显下降(P＜0.05);恶性组Ⅲ～Ⅳ期术前血清VEGF的含量明显高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期(P＜0.05),病理分级G2-G3的明显高于G1(P＜0.01);10例复发患者血清VEGF的含量明显高于23例未复发者(P＜0.05).结论 血清VEGF水平与卵巢上皮性癌的生长、预后有关,具有肿瘤标记物特性,可作为卵巢上皮性癌的诊断和病情监测指标.     

肿瘤标志物CA125、CA199、CA242在卵巢上皮性肿瘤诊断作用中的研究

目的研究肿瘤标志物CA125、CA199、CA242对卵巢上皮性肿瘤的诊断作用。方法采用瑞典CanAg生产的CA125、CA199、CA242、ELISA试剂盒检测卵巢上皮性肿瘤116例,其中卵巢癌53例,交界性肿瘤36例,良性上皮瘤27例。结果卵巢癌血清CA125阳性率达73.6%,交界性肿瘤阳性率达55.5%,良性肿瘤CA125阳性率为18.5%。CA125在浆液性癌和交界性浆液性瘤中阳性率达93.7%和78.9%,特异性显著增高(P<0.01)。而CA199、CA242在卵巢黏液性癌和交界性黏液性瘤中,阳性率为87.5%和75.0%,明显高于CA125在黏液性肿瘤的表达(P<0.01)。结论 CA125、CA199、CA242可用于卵巢癌和卵巢交界性上皮瘤的诊断。CA125在卵巢浆液性癌和卵巢交界性浆液性瘤中,阳性率明显高于CA199和CA242。而CA199和CA242可显著提高卵巢黏液癌和交界性黏液性瘤诊断的特异性。     

血清HE4与CA125水平在诊断卵巢上皮性癌中的应用价值

目的 检测血清人附睾蛋白4(HE4)与癌抗原125(CA125)水平,探讨其在上皮性卵巢癌中的诊断价值.方法 测定47例上皮性卵巢癌患者和48例卵巢良性疾病患者血清HE4和CA125水平,通过HE4与CA125的检测值来分析比较两者对上皮性卵巢癌的诊断效能.结果 (1)上皮性卵巢癌组血清HE4、CA125平均水平,中位数分别为534.53 pmol/L和687.26 U/mL,结果均显著高于卵巢良性疾病对照组(中位数分别为46.65 pmol/L和32.86 U/mL,P＜0.01).(2) HE4单项检测的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.952(95％CI:0.910～0.995),临床诊断效能优于CA125(其AUC为0.852,95％CI:0.772～0.952).结论 HE4较CA125更具有早期诊断和鉴别诊断上皮性卵巢癌的价值,可作为上皮性卵巢癌筛查的肿瘤标志物.     

血清CA125检测在腹水性质分析中的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清CA125检测在腹水性质分析中的诊断价值.方法 对14例结核性腹膜炎、10例自发性细菌性腹膜炎、29例肝硬化腹水和44例腹膜转移癌患者血清CA125进行检测,并对59例不伴有腹水的腹腔脏器恶性肿瘤患者和20例健康人进行对照.结果 腹水患者血清CA125明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.01);不同性质腹水患者之间血清CA125无明显差异(P＞0.05);不伴有腹水的腹腔脏器恶性肿瘤(包括卵巢癌)患者血清CA125与正常对照组无明显差异(P＞0.05);卵巢癌伴腹膜转移者血清CA125高于其他腹膜转移癌(P＜0.05).结论 血清CA125检测,对腹水性质无鉴别诊断价值.血清CA125不是卵巢癌特异性标志物,但可作为卵巢癌腹膜转移的标志.     

恶性危险指数在卵巢恶性肿瘤术前诊断中的价值

目的 评价恶性危险指数(risk of malignancy index,RMI)在卵巢恶性肿瘤术前诊断中的价值.方法 评价我院2001年1月至2005年10月卵巢肿瘤患者112例,取RMI＞200,计算RMI及CA125的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值(PPV)、阴性预测值(NPV).同时计算卵巢恶性上皮性及非上皮性肿瘤的敏感性、特异性、PPV、NPV.结果 RMI诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的敏感性、特异性、PPV、NPV分别为75%、93%、91%、81%.RMI较CA125单独应用特异性增高.上皮性卵巢恶性肿瘤的敏感性、特异性、PPV、NPV分别为89%、94%、94%、88%,明显高于非上皮性卵巢恶性肿瘤.结论 RMI在诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤,尤其是上皮性卵巢恶性肿瘤中具有重要价值,在非上皮性卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断方面尚有一定局限性.     

血清CA199在上皮性卵巢癌中的临床意义

目的:探讨上皮性卵巢癌患者血清CA199水平与临床病理学特征的关系及其对预后的影响.方法:用电化学发光免疫分析法测定118例上皮性卵巢癌患者血清CA199、CA125水平,分析其与临床病理特征的关系及其对预后的影响.结果:非浆液性卵巢癌中血清CA199水平及阳性率高于浆液性卵巢癌(P<0.05);非浆液性卵巢癌中术前CA199水平阳性率Ⅲ期患者高于Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期患者(P<0.05),G1、G2级高于G3级(P<0.05),复发组高于未复发组(P<0.05);多因素分析表明临床分期和术前CA199水平对非浆液性卵巢癌预后有影响;用CA199升高预测复发的敏感性和特异性分别为50.00%和93.55%.结论:血清CA199对非浆液性卵巢癌的敏感性高于其对浆液性卵巢癌的敏感性,非浆液性卵巢癌患者术前CA199水平与其临床分期及病理分级密切相关,术后继续监测其水平对预测复发有一定的指导意义.     

IL-17在卵巢上皮性癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨白细胞介素17(IL-17)在卵巢上皮性癌组织中的表达及临床意义.方法 采用免疫组织化学SP法检测25例正常卵巢组织、25例良性卵巢肿瘤与25例卵巢上皮性痛原发灶中IL-17蛋白表达,酶联免疫吸附试验检测患者术前、术后1周外周血叶IL-17水平.结果 卵巢癌患者癌组织中IL-17表达强度和外周血中IL-17水平均明显高于正常对照组和卵巢良性肿瘤组(P<0.01);卵巢癌患者术后血清IL-17水平比术前显著下降(P<0.01).术前血清IL-17水平在卵巢癌组织学类型中无显著性差异(P>0.05);Ⅲ～Ⅳ期卵巢癌患者术前血清IL-17水平显著高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);高中分化卵巢癌患者术前血清IL-17水平显著低于低分化患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 上皮性卵巢癌组织中IL-17表达上调,IL-17在上皮性卵巢癌的生长和转移过程中发挥重要作用.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Efficacy of gut lavage,hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication

Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.

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Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.

     

In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism

This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Steroidal sapogenin contents in some domestic plants

In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.     

Gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders

This study explored gender-related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence in a crosssectional study of 150 men and 150 women with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders (AUD). Participants were recruited in equal numbers from treatment settings, correctional centres and the general community. Standardized measures were used to determine participants' use of substances, history of psychiatric disorders and psychosocial stress, their sensation seeking and family history of substance use and mental health disorders. Multivariate analyses were used to detect patterns of variables associated with gender and the lifetime severity of AUD. Men had a longer history of severe AUD than women. Women had similar levels of alcohol dependence and medical and psychological sequelae as men, despite 6 fewer years of AUD. More women than men had a history of severe psychosocial stress, severe dependence on other substances and antecedent mental health problems, especially mood and anxiety disorders. There were differences in family history of alcohol-related problems approximating same-gender aggregation. The severity of a lifetime AUD was predicted by its earlier age at onset and the occurrence of other disorders, especially anxiety, among both men and women. The limitations in the generalizability of these findings due to sample idiosyncrasies are discussed.